Laser-based theodolite prism aiming method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic testing, and discloses a laser-based theodolite prism aiming method and a laser-based theodolite prism aiming system. The method comprises two positioning modes according to different mounting positions of a laser, and comprises the following steps: when the laser is mounted on a coarse sighting device of a theodolite, opening the laser, and enabling the laser and a light source of the theodolite to be coaxial; the theodolite lens barrel is moved, so that the cross cursor of the laser irradiates the position of the prism and forms an image; when the laser is installed on a theodolite pan-focus telescope, the laser is turned on, the height difference between the center position of a theodolite lens barrel and the laser and the distance between the theodolite and a prism are obtained through calculation of a sensor and a single-chip microcomputer, the pitching angle of the laser is adjusted, and the laser and a theodolite light source are coaxial; and the cross cursor of the laser irradiates the position of the prism and forms an image. The installation position of the laser can be adjusted according to the requirement of the field environment, so that the adaptive capacity of the test is improved. The sighting time can be shortened, images can be found quickly, and the purposes of improving productivity and liberating manpower are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic testing technology, and in particular to a method and system for a theodolite aiming prism based on a laser. Background Technology

[0002] The prism, a crucial component of the strapdown inertial navigation system (INS), is used for azimuth aiming and azimuth calibration. Due to installation errors, prism calibration is necessary. This calibration aims to measure the installation error of the prism relative to the system's coordinate system and determine if the installation error meets technical requirements. Operators use a theodolite to repeatedly aim and read the prism mounted on the INS, analyzing the data to determine the prism's non-perpendicularity and non-parallelism to the INS axis.

[0003] However, finding an image using a theodolite takes a certain amount of time, and its coarse aiming device is very difficult to use, especially for inexperienced operators, which further increases the time consumed, thereby increasing time costs, wasting manpower, and affecting production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for aiming a theodolite based on a laser, in order to solve the problems of high time cost and low production efficiency in the prior art during aiming.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a theodolite aiming prism based on a laser, comprising: Install the laser on the coarse sight of the theodolite or on the panfocus telescope of the theodolite; When the laser is installed on the coarse sight of the theodolite, turn on the laser and align the laser with the theodolite light source; move the theodolite barrel so that the laser crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image; When the laser is installed on the theodolite's panfocal telescope, the laser is turned on, and the height difference between the center position of the theodolite's telescope tube and the laser, as well as the distance between the theodolite and the prism, are calculated by the sensor and the microcontroller. Based on the results, the pitch angle of the laser is adjusted, and the laser is made coaxial with the theodolite's light source. Finally, the crosshair of the laser is made to illuminate the prism position and form an image.

[0006] Optionally, mounting the laser to the theodolite coarse sight includes: Install the protective box onto the theodolite barrel; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the laser so that its crosshair is coaxial with the theodolite's built-in light source.

[0007] Optionally, the size of the protective box is the same as that of the theodolite barrel protective cover, and the material of the protective box is aluminum or plastic; the laser is installed at the center of the protective box.

[0008] Optionally, the laser is mounted on the theodolite's panfocal telescope, including: Install the polygonal three-dimensional protective box, which is in contact with the surface of the theodolite coarse sight, onto the theodolite coarse sight; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the pitch angle of the laser so that the crosshair of the laser is coaxial with the light source of the theodolite.

[0009] Optionally, the step of calculating the height difference between the center position of the theodolite barrel and the laser, and the distance between the theodolite and the prism using sensors and a microcontroller, adjusting the pitch angle of the laser based on the results, and coaxializing the laser with the theodolite light source includes: A sensor emits a laser beam towards the test object. After the laser beam bounces, it is sent back to the sensor. The sensor transmits this time T to the microcontroller, which calculates the distance between the product and the light source of the theodolite, as follows: S = C * T / 2; In the formula, C is the speed of light; The elevation angle θ of the laser is calculated as follows: θ = 90 - arctan(S / H); In the formula, H is the relative height between the protective case and the lens barrel; The microcontroller analyzes the current pitch angle and compares it with the fixed pitch angle θ. Then, it controls the motor to correct and position the laser angle so that the crosshair emitted by the laser coincides with the cursor emitted by the latitude and longitude.

[0010] Optionally, the method further includes: After the laser position is adjusted, the microcontroller will record the position, save the position information and number it. When the aiming prism is operated at the same position again, the corresponding position number file will be selected, and the microcontroller will automatically adjust the laser pitch angle to the stored position.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides a system for a laser-based theodolite aiming prism, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0012] Beneficial effects: This application provides a laser-based method for aiming a theodolite prism. Two positioning methods are used depending on the laser's installation location. When the laser is installed in the theodolite's coarse aiming device, the laser is turned on and aligned coaxially with the theodolite's light source. The theodolite barrel is moved so that the laser's crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image. When the laser is installed in the theodolite's panfocal telescope, the laser is turned on, and the height difference between the theodolite barrel center and the laser, as well as the distance between the theodolite and the prism, are calculated using sensors and a microcontroller. Based on the results, the laser's pitch angle is adjusted, and the laser is aligned coaxially with the theodolite's light source. Finally, the laser's crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image. This allows for adjustment of the laser's installation position according to the needs of the field environment, thereby improving the test's adaptability. This method reduces aiming time, quickly finds the image, and achieves the goals of increasing productivity and freeing up manpower. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which describes a method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the theodolite aiming prism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser function when the prism is horizontally positioned according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the laser function when the prism is vertically positioned according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic aiming calculation process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "linked" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0016] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser, comprising: Install the laser on the coarse sight of the theodolite or on the panfocus telescope of the theodolite; When the laser is installed on the coarse sight of the theodolite, turn on the laser and align the laser with the theodolite light source; move the theodolite barrel so that the laser crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image; When the laser is installed on the theodolite's panfocal telescope, the laser is turned on, and the height difference between the center position of the theodolite's telescope tube and the laser, as well as the distance between the theodolite and the prism, are calculated by the sensor and the microcontroller. Based on the results, the pitch angle of the laser is adjusted, and the laser is made coaxial with the theodolite's light source. Finally, the crosshair of the laser is made to illuminate the prism position and form an image.

[0017] The aforementioned laser-based theodolite aiming prism method has two positioning modes depending on the laser's installation location. When the laser is installed in the theodolite coarse aiming device, the laser is turned on and aligned coaxially with the theodolite's light source. The theodolite barrel is moved so that the laser's crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image. When the laser is installed in the theodolite's panfocal telescope, the laser is turned on, and the height difference between the theodolite barrel center and the laser, as well as the distance between the theodolite and the prism, are calculated by sensors and a microcontroller. Based on the results, the laser's pitch angle is adjusted, and the laser is aligned coaxially with the theodolite's light source. Finally, the laser's crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image. This allows for adjustment of the laser's installation position according to the needs of the field environment, thereby improving the test's adaptability. This method reduces aiming time, quickly finds the image, and achieves the goals of increasing productivity and freeing up manpower.

[0018] A schematic diagram of the theodolite aiming prism is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, (a) is a schematic diagram of mounting a laser on the coarse sight of a theodolite, and (b) is a schematic diagram of mounting a laser on the panfocus telescope of a theodolite.

[0019] Optionally, mounting the laser to the theodolite coarse sight includes: Install the protective box onto the theodolite barrel; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the laser so that its crosshair is coaxial with the theodolite's built-in light source.

[0020] In this optional embodiment, the protective box is the same size as the theodolite barrel protective cover, and the protective box is made of aluminum or plastic. This solves the problem of the theodolite barrel falling when stationary due to weight. Furthermore, the laser's housing should also be made of a lightweight material. The laser is installed at the center of the protective box (the center of the protective box is also the center of the theodolite barrel), so that the laser's crosshair is coaxial with the theodolite's built-in light source. Since the theodolite's light source is fixed relative to the barrel, the installation positions of the protective box and the laser are also fixed, enabling plug-and-play functionality.

[0021] Optionally, the laser is mounted on the theodolite's panfocal telescope, including: Install the polygonal three-dimensional protective box, which is in contact with the surface of the theodolite coarse sight, onto the theodolite coarse sight; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the pitch angle of the laser so that the crosshair of the laser is coaxial with the light source of the theodolite.

[0022] In this embodiment, the schematic diagram of the laser's operation is as follows: Figure 3-4 As shown, where, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser's operation when the prism is horizontally positioned. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the laser's operation when the prism is placed vertically.

[0023] Specifically, the step of calculating the height difference between the center position of the theodolite barrel and the laser, and the distance between the theodolite and the prism using sensors and a microcontroller, adjusting the pitch angle of the laser based on the results, and coaxializing the laser with the theodolite light source includes: A sensor emits a laser beam towards the test object. After the laser beam bounces, it is sent back to the sensor. The sensor transmits this time T to the microcontroller, which calculates the distance between the product and the light source of the theodolite, as follows: S = C * T / 2; In the formula, C is the speed of light; The elevation angle θ of the laser is calculated as follows: θ = 90 - arctan(S / H); In the formula, H is the relative height between the protective case and the lens barrel; The microcontroller analyzes the current pitch angle and compares it with a fixed pitch angle θ. Then, it controls a motor to correct and position the laser angle, ensuring that the crosshair emitted by the laser coincides with the coordinates emitted by the latitude and longitude lines. A schematic diagram of this process is shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0024] In one example, the laser-based theodolite aiming prism method further includes: After the laser position is adjusted, the microcontroller will record the position, save the position information and number it. When the aiming prism is operated at the same position again, the corresponding position number file will be selected, and the microcontroller will automatically adjust the laser pitch angle to the stored position.

[0025] It is worth explaining that the device is equipped with a miniature screen for visualization, allowing the operator to select the corresponding location.

[0026] It is worth emphasizing that in geometrical optics, light travels in straight lines, forming straight "light columns" or sunlight "rays." The theodolite's built-in light source is limited by its structure and is not visible from the outside; it can only be observed through the telescope tube, but its light source is weak and cannot be visualized. Therefore, this invention utilizes the principle of rectilinear propagation and coaxiality of light, employing an external laser to achieve coaxiality and visualization of light. When the laser is aimed at the prism, it becomes the theodolite's aiming prism.

[0027] In this embodiment, the laser is installed by mounting it on the theodolite's panfocus telescope (manual aiming mode) or on the theodolite's coarse aiming device (automatic aiming mode); the laser beam positioning is achieved by adopting different positioning methods depending on the installation location of the laser.

[0028] Specifically, the steps for aiming the theodolite prism under different methods are as follows: Manual: (1) Laser initialization: Turn on the laser and the laser will generate a crosshair. Install the protective box containing the laser onto the theodolite barrel. (2) Adjust the theodolite: Level the instrument so that the vertical axis is plumb and the horizontal circle is horizontal; extend and retract the tripod legs to center the circular level bubble; check if the centering mark is off from the ground point. If it is off, loosen the connecting screw on the tripod, move the instrument base so that the centering mark is accurately aligned with the center of the measuring station, and tighten the connecting screw; fine-tune the level by rotating the foot screws to center the tube level bubble. (3) Aim at the prism: According to the crosshair of the laser, move the theodolite barrel so that the crosshair is aimed at the prism. After the position is well aimed, remove the laser and observe whether the crosshair inside the theodolite is clear. If it is not clear, continue to fine-tune the theodolite barrel until it is clear, and finally take the reading.

[0029] Automatic: (1) Laser initialization: Install the polygonal three-dimensional protective box with the laser embedded on the theodolite coarse sight, press the start button on the protective box to start powering on, the microcontroller automatically turns on the laser, and the laser generates a crosshair. The microcontroller adjusts the pitch angle of the laser by rotating the motor according to the set height difference between the laser and the theodolite barrel and the distance between the theodolite and a certain point in front, so that the laser crosshair is coaxial with the theodolite light source.

[0030] (2) Adjust the theodolite: Level the instrument so that the vertical axis is plumb and the horizontal circle is horizontal; extend and retract the tripod legs to center the circular level bubble; check if the centering mark is off from the ground point. If it is off, loosen the connecting screw on the tripod, move the instrument base so that the centering mark is accurately aligned with the center of the measuring station, and tighten the connecting screw; fine-tune the level by rotating the foot screws to center the tube level bubble. (3) Aiming at the prism: Based on the crosshair of the laser, move the theodolite barrel so that the crosshair is aimed at the prism. After the position is correct, remove the laser and observe whether the crosshair inside the theodolite is clear. If it is not clear, continue to fine-tune the theodolite barrel until it is clear, and finally take the reading. This application also provides a system for a laser-based theodolite aiming prism, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the above-described method. This laser-based theodolite rapid aiming prism system can implement various embodiments of the above-described method and achieve the same beneficial effects; further details are omitted here.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser, characterized in that, include: Install the laser on the coarse sight of the theodolite or on the panfocus telescope of the theodolite; When the laser is installed on the coarse sight of the theodolite, turn on the laser and align the laser with the theodolite light source; move the theodolite barrel so that the laser crosshair illuminates the prism position and forms an image; When the laser is installed on the theodolite's panfocal telescope, the laser is turned on, and the height difference between the center position of the theodolite's telescope tube and the laser, as well as the distance between the theodolite and the prism, are calculated by the sensor and the microcontroller. Based on the results, the pitch angle of the laser is adjusted, and the laser is made coaxial with the theodolite's light source. Finally, the crosshair of the laser is made to illuminate the prism position and form an image.

2. The method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of mounting the laser on the theodolite coarse aiming device includes: Install the protective box onto the theodolite barrel; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the laser so that its crosshair is coaxial with the theodolite's built-in light source.

3. The method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective box is the same size as the protective cover of the theodolite barrel, and the protective box is made of aluminum or plastic; the laser is installed in the center of the protective box.

4. The method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, Mounting the laser on the theodolite's panfocal telescope includes: Install the polygonal three-dimensional protective box, which is in contact with the surface of the theodolite coarse sight, onto the theodolite coarse sight; Set the laser to crosshair mode and install the laser in the protective case; Adjust the pitch angle of the laser so that the crosshair of the laser is coaxial with the light source of the theodolite.

5. The method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of calculating the height difference between the center position of the theodolite barrel and the laser, and the distance between the theodolite and the prism using sensors and a microcontroller, adjusting the pitch angle of the laser based on the results, and coaxializing the laser with the theodolite light source includes: A sensor emits a laser beam towards the test object. After the laser beam bounces, it is sent back to the sensor. The sensor transmits this time T to the microcontroller, which calculates the distance between the product and the light source of the theodolite, as follows: S = C * T / 2; In the formula, C is the speed of light; The elevation angle θ of the laser is calculated as follows: θ = 90 - arctan(S / H); In the formula, H is the relative height between the protective case and the lens barrel; The microcontroller analyzes the current pitch angle and compares it with the fixed pitch angle θ. Then, it controls the motor to correct and position the laser angle so that the crosshair emitted by the laser coincides with the cursor emitted by the latitude and longitude.

6. The method for aiming a theodolite prism based on a laser according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the laser position is adjusted, the microcontroller will record the position, save the position information and number it. When the aiming prism is operated at the same position again, the corresponding position number file will be selected, and the microcontroller will automatically adjust the laser pitch angle to the stored position.

7. A system for a laser-based theodolite aiming prism, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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