Sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The application discloses a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells.The sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell comprises a rack, an air-cooled module, an air suction module, a wind supply module and a hydrogen fuel cell stack.The air-cooled module is vertically arranged on the rack and comprises an inner cooling bin and an outer cooling bin coaxially arranged outside the inner cooling bin.A wind cavity for conducting a wind source is formed between the inner cooling bin and the outer cooling bin.The hydrogen fuel cell stack is vertically arranged in the inner cooling bin.The inner cooling bin is a hollow rectangular shell with both ends being open and a through hole is formed in the side wall for conducting the wind source to the hydrogen fuel cell stack.The outer cooling bin is a hollow rectangular shell with both ends being open.The air suction module is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cooling bin.The wind supply module is vertically and slidingly arranged in the wind cavity and comprises an upper limiting unit and a lower limiting unit which are slidingly arranged in the wind cavity.The sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell can not only efficiently cool the hydrogen fuel cell stack but also dynamically adjust the heat dissipation section, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, in particular to a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new generation of clean energy supply device, hydrogen fuel cells have been widely used in transportation, distributed energy and mobile power supply fields due to their high energy conversion efficiency and zero emission characteristics. Among them, air-cooled hydrogen fuel cells are widely used due to their simple structure and convenient maintenance. However, in the actual operation process, the heat dissipation problem of hydrogen fuel cells directly affects their working efficiency and service life.

[0003] The existing air-cooled hydrogen fuel cells mostly adopt fixed flow guide structure or overall heat dissipation mode. When the local area of the battery stack is overheated, it is often difficult to realize targeted cooling of the overheated area, resulting in uneven temperature field distribution, thereby causing performance degradation, local membrane drying and shortening of service life and other problems. In addition, most of the existing heat dissipation structures are passive heat dissipation, which relies on fixed wind speed for cooling and cannot actively adjust the wind speed or enhance the local heat dissipation capacity according to the actual working temperature, so that under high load working conditions, the battery still has the risk of insufficient heat dissipation. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell is provided, which can not only efficiently cool the hydrogen fuel cell stack, but also realize targeted cooling of the high temperature section. Thus, the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and inability to realize targeted cooling of the high temperature section of the existing heat dissipation equipment are solved.

[0005] To solve the prior art problems, the application provides a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell for cooling a hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising: a rack; an air-cooled module vertically arranged on the rack, the air-cooled module being provided with an inner cooling bin and an outer cooling bin coaxially arranged outside the inner cooling bin; a wind cavity capable of conducting a wind source is formed between the inner cooling bin and the outer cooling bin; the hydrogen fuel cell stack is vertically arranged in the inner cooling bin; the inner cooling bin is a hollow rectangular shell with both ends open and a side wall through which a through hole is formed for conducting the wind source to the hydrogen fuel cell stack; the outer cooling bin is a hollow rectangular shell with both ends open; an air suction module is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cooling bin for sucking the wind source in the middle of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; a wind supply module is vertically and slidingly arranged in the wind cavity, the wind supply module being provided with upper and lower limit units slidingly arranged in the wind cavity and capable of dynamically compressing and guiding the wind source in the wind cavity; the wind supply module further comprises two traction units capable of dynamically pulling the upper and lower limit units respectively towards both ends of the outer cooling bin and a locking unit capable of dynamically locking the sliding stroke of the upper and lower limit units; when local high temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is monitored, the upper and lower limit units slide towards each other in the wind cavity, the air flow path of the wind cavity is dynamically adjusted to the corresponding high temperature section, and spot air supply and intensified cooling of the local area are realized.

[0006] Preferably, the traction unit is provided with a tension spring capable of always pulling the upper limit unit and a mounting bin capable of keeping the pulling end of the tension spring in the non-working state flush with the top of the outer cooling bin; the tension spring is vertically arranged on the top of the outer cooling bin through the mounting bin and the pulling end is movably connected with the upper surface of the upper limit unit.

[0007] Preferably, the locking unit comprises a mounting frame, an electromagnet and a controller; the mounting frame is centrally arranged in the side wall of the outer cooling bin in a vertical state; the electromagnet is embeddedly mounted on the mounting frame and a plurality of electromagnets are equidistantly arranged along the long side direction of the mounting frame; the controller is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame and close to the top of the mounting frame.

[0008] Preferably, the top and bottom of the outer cooling bin are further respectively provided with a first air guide nozzle and a second air guide nozzle capable of guiding the air source into the wind cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the lower limit unit is composed of a first floating ring, a first sealing ring arranged around the outside of the first floating ring and a first magnetic attraction part arranged opposite to the two sides of the first floating ring.

[0010] Preferably, the first floating ring is further provided with a gas guide hole.

[0011] Preferably, the air suction module is provided with a conduction bin capable of longitudinally guiding the air source and a first air suction device and a second air suction device capable of guiding the air source in the conduction bin out of both ends of the conduction bin respectively; the first air suction device is fixedly arranged at the top of the conduction bin; and the second air suction device is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the conduction bin relative to the first air suction device.

[0012] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0013] 1. The present application forms an annular air cavity by cooperation of the air cooling module, the air suction module and the air supply module, realizes a uniform cooling path from outside to inside, greatly reduces the local high temperature range generated in the operation process of the hydrogen fuel cell stack compared with the traditional cooling mode from inside to outside, and avoids the problem of battery performance degradation caused by uneven heat dissipation.

[0014] 2. The present application can dynamically adjust the air inlet position and stroke of the air cavity according to the real-time temperature data of the monitoring module by setting the adjustable upper limit unit and lower limit unit, realizes targeted air cooling of the local high temperature area, and breaks through the limitation that the prior art cannot accurately dissipate heat from the local hot spot of the battery stack.

[0015] 3. The present application can establish an efficient air circulation channel at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack by cooperation of the air supply module and the air suction module, further improves the efficiency of heat transfer and discharge in combination with the double-end suction design in the conduction bin, realizes rapid circulation heat dissipation of the battery stack, and ensures the thermal balance stability in the operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of a sleeve type annular cathode open type air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view of a sleeve type annular cathode open type air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell.

[0019] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 the cross-sectional view along the A-A plane.

[0020] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the enlarged view of B.

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view of a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell.

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is a sectional perspective view along the plane C-C.

[0023] Figure 7 is Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of D of

[0024] Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell.

[0025] Figure 9 is a side view of a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell with the outer cooling bin removed.

[0026] Figure 10 is Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of E of

[0027] Reference numerals in the drawings are:

[0028] 1. frame;

[0029] 2. air-cooled module; 21. inner cooling bin; 22. outer cooling bin; 221. first air guide nozzle; 222. second air guide nozzle; 23. air cavity;

[0030] 3. air suction module; 31. conduction bin; 32. first air suction device; 33. second air suction device;

[0031] 4. air supply module; 41. upper limiting unit; 411. second floating frame; 412. second sealing ring; 413. second magnetic attraction part; 42. lower limiting unit; 421. first floating ring; 4211. air guide hole; 422. first sealing ring; 423. first magnetic attraction part; 43. traction unit; 431. tension spring; 432. mounting bin; 44. locking unit; 441. mounting frame; 442. electromagnet; 443. controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further understand the features, technical means and achieved specific purposes and functions of the present application, the present application is described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference is made to Figures 1 to 10The application discloses a sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell for cooling a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which comprises a rack 1, an air-cooled module 2 vertically arranged on the rack 1, the air-cooled module 2 comprising an inner cooling bin 21 and an outer cooling bin 22 coaxially arranged outside the inner cooling bin 21, a wind cavity 23 capable of conducting a wind source being formed between the inner cooling bin 21 and the outer cooling bin 22, the hydrogen fuel cell stack being vertically arranged in the inner cooling bin 21, the inner cooling bin 21 being a hollow and two-end-open rectangular shell and a side wall of the inner cooling bin 21 being provided with a through hole for conducting the wind source to the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the outer cooling bin 22 being a hollow and two-end-open rectangular shell, an air suction module 3 vertically arranged at a middle part of the inner cooling bin 21 for sucking the wind source at the middle part of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and an air supply module 4 vertically and slidably arranged in the wind cavity 23, the air supply module 4 comprising an upper limiting unit 41 and a lower limiting unit 42 slidably arranged in the wind cavity 23 and capable of dynamically compressing and guiding the wind source in the wind cavity 23, the air supply module 4 further comprising two traction units 43 capable of dynamically pulling the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 towards two ends of the outer cooling bin 22 respectively and a locking unit 44 capable of dynamically locking sliding strokes of the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 respectively.

[0034] The hydrogen fuel cell is arranged on an inner wall of the inner cooling bin 21 and between the inner cooling bin 21 and the air suction module 3.

[0035] When the hydrogen fuel cell stack needs to be cooled, an external power source is connected to drive the air supply module 4 to work, the air supply module 4 continuously inputs a stable wind source into the wind cavity 23 arranged at the periphery of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, so as to form an air flow field from outside to inside. The air flow can promote the heat generated in the working process of the hydrogen fuel cell stack to be conducted in a transverse direction and gradually gathered, and finally the generated heat energy is efficiently discharged from two ends of the air-cooled module 2 by the air suction module 3, so as to realize the active cooling effect of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. By adopting the cooling mode from outside to inside, compared with the traditional cooling mode from inside to outside, the heat dissipation concentration and efficiency can be significantly improved, and the secondary heat accumulation in the heat dissipation process can be effectively reduced, so as to avoid the problem that the temperature of surrounding equipment is increased due to heat overflow in the heat dissipation process.

[0036] Further, when the monitoring module (which is used to monitor the working temperature of each section of the hydrogen fuel cell stack in real time, which is the prior art and will not be described here) detects that a certain area of the hydrogen fuel cell stack has a local high temperature and there is a risk of overheating, the system can automatically drive the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42 to slide towards each other in the air cavity 23, thereby dynamically adjusting the air flow path of the air cavity 23 to the corresponding high temperature section, achieving spot air supply and strengthening cooling of the local area. When the cooling effect reaches the preset temperature threshold and the high temperature warning is removed, the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42 are restored to the normal position under synchronous action, respectively close to the top and bottom of the outer cooling bin 22, thereby lengthening the overall air inlet stroke of the air cavity 23 and maintaining the normal air supply cooling effect of the battery stack.

[0037] In the above manner, not only can the hydrogen fuel cell stack be actively and efficiently cooled, but also targeted cooling can be provided under local overheating conditions, improving the intelligence and accuracy of cooling. Thus, the technical problems of battery performance degradation and membrane electrode assembly accelerated aging caused by uneven cooling are effectively avoided.

[0038] The two traction units 43 are fixedly arranged at the top and bottom of the outer cooling bin 22 and the limiting ends are arranged towards the outer cooling bin 22.

[0039] The locking unit 44 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of locking units 44 are arranged in a vertical state on the two sides of the outer cooling bin 22, for dynamically locking the sliding stroke of the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42.

[0040] In the non-working state, the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42 are respectively positioned near the top and bottom of the outer cooling bin 22 under the action of the two traction units 43, so that they are in a stable initial state. Not only can the position of the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42 be effectively limited in the non-working state to avoid abnormal structure of the air cavity 23 caused by loosening or deviation, but also the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42 can be quickly restored to the initial state under the elastic resetting action of the traction unit 43 after completing the local limiting adjustment, achieving efficient resetting of the upper limit unit 41 and the lower limit unit 42.

[0041] Further, when it is necessary to efficiently exchange the air source in the air cavity 23, the lower limit unit 42 is driven to slide back and forth in the air cavity 23 at high speed, which can achieve the effect of efficiently pumping and exchanging the air source in the air cavity 23.

[0042] In addition, the locking unit 44 is used to longitudinally lock the upper and lower limit units 41 and 42 in the adjusting position when local high temperature occurs during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and targeted cooling is needed, so that the local cooling airflow can be kept in a stable position within the preset limit section, ensuring the pinpoint effect of the local cooling airflow.

[0043] The limit unit 42 has good initial limiting and automatic resetting functions in the non-working state, and can cooperate with the locking unit 44 to realize accurate locking and stable control of the local cooling channel in the working state, so as to ensure the long-term stable operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack heat dissipation structure, and realize local efficient cooling and dynamic controllability of the overall air cavity 23 structure.

[0044] Referring to Figure 10 As shown in the figure: the traction unit 43 includes a tension spring 431 capable of always pulling the upper limit unit 41 and a mounting bin 432 capable of keeping the traction end of the tension spring 431 in the non-working state flush with the top of the outer cooling bin 22; the tension spring 431 is vertically fixed to the top of the outer cooling bin 22 through the mounting bin 432, and the traction end of the tension spring 431 is movably connected with the upper surface of the upper limit unit 41.

[0045] By installing the tension spring 431 through the mounting bin 432, the upper limit unit 41 can be pulled to a position flush with the top of the outer cooling bin 22 by the retraction force of the tension spring 431 in the non-working state, so as to ensure that the upper limit unit 41 remains stable in the resting state. In order to ensure the stability of the traction force, the mounting bin 432 and the tension spring 431 are both arranged in at least two symmetrical groups, so that the tension spring 431 can act on both sides of the upper limit unit 41 at the same time, thereby realizing bidirectional balanced traction. Through this symmetrical distribution, it can effectively prevent the upper limit unit 41 from tilting or jamming during resetting, and ensure its linearity and stability in longitudinal movement.

[0046] Referring to Figure 7 As shown in the figure: the locking unit 44 includes a mounting frame 441, an electromagnet 442 and a controller 443; the mounting frame 441 is centrally arranged in a vertical state on the side wall of the outer cooling bin 22; the electromagnet 442 is embeddedly installed on the mounting frame 441 and is equidistantly arranged along the long edge direction of the mounting frame 441; the controller 443 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 441 and is arranged close to the top of the mounting frame 441. Among them, the controller 443 is electrically connected with the detection module to control the opening and closing of the electromagnet 442.

[0047] When it is necessary to accurately limit the longitudinal adjustment height of the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42, first, the position and range of the local high-temperature section are determined according to the hydrogen fuel cell stack temperature distribution data collected by the monitoring module in real time; then the controller 443 selectively opens the electromagnet 442 at the corresponding position according to the detection result, so that it is in the energized working state. In this process, when the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 are gradually moved towards the high-temperature section under the drive, and when they are moved to the preset position and contact the corresponding electromagnet 442, the electromagnet 442 immediately magnetically adsorbs the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42, thereby realizing the stable locking of the position. In this way, the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 can be reliably fixed at the required position under the action of electromagnetic adsorption, and the two form a local air cavity 23 with a short stroke and corresponding to the high-temperature section in the longitudinal direction, so that the air source is concentrated on the high-temperature section of the battery stack to realize efficient, directional and continuous forced air cooling.

[0048] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the top and bottom of the outer cooling bin 22 are also provided with a first air guide nozzle 221 and a second air guide nozzle 222, respectively, which can guide the air source into the air cavity 23.

[0049] When it is necessary to longitudinally slide and adjust the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 in the air cavity 23, first, the external air source is connected and the first air guide nozzle 221 and the second air guide nozzle 222 are respectively guided to direct the airflow into the air cavity 23. At this time, the air source entering the air cavity 23 forms a push field from top to bottom and from bottom to top under the action of air pressure, which respectively acts on the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42, so that they move along the longitudinal trajectory in the opposite direction without mechanical contact intervention. By adjusting the air pressure size and air supply duration of the first air guide nozzle 221 and the second air guide nozzle 222, the sliding speed and stopping position of the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 can be flexibly controlled, so as to realize the dynamic adjustment of the longitudinal section of the air cavity 23 and ensure that the local high-temperature section can be enclosed and accurately cooled in the shortest time. Correspondingly, when the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 do not need to slide, at this time, only the air supply needs to be stopped, and the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 will quickly reset to the initial state under the traction of the traction unit 43.

[0050] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the lower limiting unit 42 is composed of a first floating ring 421, a first sealing ring 422 arranged around the outside of the first floating ring 421, and a first magnetic attraction part 423 arranged vertically opposite to the two sides of the first floating ring 421.

[0051] The first floating ring 421 is matched with the shape of the air cavity 23 and is sealed with the sealing ring arranged on the outer wall, so that when the first air guide nozzle 221 is in the input air source, the lower limiting unit 42 can slide in the air cavity 23 under the driving of the air source; the first magnetic attraction part 423 fixed on both sides of the first floating ring 421 is used to lock with the locking unit 44, so as to realize the purpose of locking the lower limiting unit 42 sliding to the corresponding height on the preset height through the locking unit 44.

[0052] The upper limiting unit 41 is composed of a second floating frame 411, a second sealing ring 412 arranged around the outer of the second floating frame 411, and a second magnetic attraction part 413 arranged vertically on both sides of the second floating frame 411.

[0053] Referring to Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the first floating ring 421 is also provided with a gas guide hole 4211.

[0054] The gas guide hole 4211 is communicated with the external air source through the gas supply pipeline, which is used to provide stable air source input for the air cavity 23 in different working states. In the normal cooling state, the external air source is continuously input into the air cavity 23 through the gas guide hole 4211, forming a constant cooling air flow, so as to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell stack can maintain balanced heat dissipation under normal operating conditions. Further, when the longitudinal position of the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 needs to be adjusted, the first air guide nozzle 221 and the second air guide nozzle 222 are opened synchronously, and the external air source is injected into the air cavity 23 in the form of directional air flow. At this time, the directional air flow acts on the upper limiting unit 41 and the lower limiting unit 42 respectively, and pushes them to slide along the guide structure in the longitudinal direction, so as to complete the position adjustment without mechanical driving. By adjusting the gas supply pressure and flow, the moving speed and the stopping position of the upper and lower limiting units 42 can be flexibly controlled, and the rapid dynamic adjustment of the local cooling section of the air cavity 23 can be realized.

[0055] Referring to Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the air suction module 3 includes a conduction bin 31 capable of longitudinally guiding the air source and a first air suction device 32 and a second air suction device 33 capable of guiding the air source in the conduction bin 31 out of both ends of the conduction bin 31 respectively; wherein the first air suction device 32 is fixedly arranged at the top of the conduction bin 31; the second air suction device 33 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the conduction bin 31 relative to the first air suction device 32. The conduction bin 31 is a hollow rectangular shell with both ends open, and a plurality of groups of through holes for air source conduction are also equally arranged on the side wall of the conduction bin 31.

[0056] When the hydrogen fuel cell stack is cooled by the air supply module 4, the heat generated by the stack during operation gradually spreads to the interior of the stack body and, under the continuous cooling effect, is guided to the middle region of the stack and finally converges to the conduction bin 31. In order to timely export the heat source accumulated in the conduction bin 31, when the cooling demand is enhanced, the first air suction device 32 and the second air suction device 33 are synchronously or alternately actuated under the driving instruction of the control system to form a directional negative pressure suction air flow from one end of the conduction bin 31, rapidly discharge the high-temperature gas, and establish a stable circulating air flow path. The present application not only can efficiently cool the hydrogen fuel cell stack but also can dynamically adjust the heat dissipation section, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

[0057] The above embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell for cooling a hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized by, The application relates to a hydrogen fuel cell cooling device. The device comprises a rack, a wind cooling module vertically arranged on the rack, the wind cooling module comprising an inner cooling bin and an outer cooling bin coaxially arranged outside the inner cooling bin, a wind cavity for conducting air source being formed between the inner cooling bin and the outer cooling bin, the hydrogen fuel cell stack being vertically arranged in the inner cooling bin, the inner cooling bin being a hollow rectangular shell with both ends being open and a through hole being formed in the side wall for conducting air source to the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the outer cooling bin being a hollow rectangular shell with both ends being open. A wind suction module is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cooling bin for sucking air source in the middle of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. An air supply module is vertically and slidably arranged in the wind cavity, the air supply module comprising an upper limiting unit and a lower limiting unit which are slidably arranged in the wind cavity and can dynamically compress and guide air source in the wind cavity. The air supply module further comprises two traction units which can respectively dynamically pull the upper limiting unit and the lower limiting unit towards the two ends of the outer cooling bin and a locking unit which can respectively lock the sliding stroke of the upper limiting unit and the lower limiting unit. When local high temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is monitored, the upper limiting unit and the lower limiting unit slide towards each other in the wind cavity, the air flow path of the wind cavity is dynamically adjusted to the corresponding high temperature section, and spot air supply and intensified cooling of the local area are realized. The traction unit comprises a tension spring which can always pull the upper limiting unit and the lower limiting unit and a mounting bin which can keep the pulling end of the tension spring in the non-working state flush with the top of the outer cooling bin.

2. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension spring is vertically arranged at the top of the outer cooling bin through the mounting bin and the pulling end is movably connected with the upper surface of the upper limiting unit. The locking unit comprises a mounting frame, an electromagnet and a controller.

3. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame is vertically arranged in the middle of the side wall of the outer cooling bin. The electromagnet is embeddedly mounted on the mounting frame and a plurality of electromagnets are equidistantly arranged along the long direction of the mounting frame. The controller is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame and close to the top of the mounting frame. The top and the bottom of the outer cooling bin are respectively provided with a first air guide nozzle and a second air guide nozzle which can guide air source into the wind cavity.

4. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower limiting unit comprises a first floating ring, a first sealing ring arranged around the first floating ring and a first magnetic attraction part arranged opposite to the two sides of the first floating ring.

5. The open-cathode air-breathing hydrogen-fueled cell of claim 1, wherein The first floating ring is further provided with an air guide hole.

6. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wind suction module comprises a conducting bin which can longitudinally guide air source, a first air suction device and a second air suction device which can respectively guide air source in the conducting bin out of the two ends of the conducting bin, the first air suction device being fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the conducting bin and the second air suction device being fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom of the conducting bin.

7. A sleeve type annular cathode open air-cooled hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

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