Hydrogen energy unmanned ship
By combining hydrogen fuel cells and solid-state hydrogen storage systems with advanced materials and power management technologies, the problems of low energy density and limitations in the open ocean environment of unmanned vessels have been solved, enabling efficient, safe, long-duration navigation and autonomous operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411120132.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional unmanned surface vessels (USVs) have low battery energy density, and their charge-discharge cycles limit their ability to operate under long-term or continuous high-intensity conditions. Furthermore, traditional energy systems have limitations in offshore environments.
The ship employs hydrogen fuel cells and solid-state hydrogen storage systems, combined with composite materials and high-strength lightweight alloys to construct its hull. It features a streamlined shape, integrates fuel cell control, autonomous navigation, and communication equipment, and optimizes power management using unidirectional conduction diodes and a DC-DC boost system.
It achieves efficient and environmentally friendly energy supply, improves the operational efficiency and safety of unmanned vessels, enhances structural strength and durability, reduces underwater resistance, and increases sailing speed and load capacity.
Smart Images
Figure CN121469831A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, specifically to a hydrogen-powered unmanned vessel. Background Technology
[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell technology represents a new path for exploring clean and low-carbon energy development and is a crucial direction for future energy development. To promote a diversified and balanced energy structure and advance in-depth air pollution control and continuous improvement of environmental quality, the vigorous development of hydrogen fuel cell technology has become a global consensus. Unmanned surface vessels (USVs) have significant applications in marine exploration, environmental monitoring, and cargo transportation. In modern marine exploration, environmental monitoring, and cargo transportation, the application of USVs is increasing, especially demonstrating great potential in providing continuous and autonomous remote operation capabilities. However, traditional USVs mostly rely on fuel oil or batteries for propulsion, and these energy solutions are often limited by drawbacks such as low energy density, limited range, and significant environmental impact. Furthermore, the inefficiencies and environmental limitations of traditional energy systems also restrict the application of USVs in long-distance and long-duration missions.
[0003] While traditional battery technology provides a clean energy supply, its low energy density and limited charge-discharge cycles affect its performance under long-term or continuous high-intensity operating conditions. Furthermore, the weight and size of batteries restrict a vessel's payload capacity and navigation efficiency. In addition, battery systems exhibit particular limitations in offshore environments where external power sources are unavailable. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In response to the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydrogen-powered unmanned vessel that solves the problems of low energy density and limited charge-discharge cycles in traditional battery technology, which also affect its long-term or continuous high-intensity operation.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel, comprising a hull, a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve fixedly connected inside the hull, a solid hydrogen storage tank fixedly connected inside the hull, a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve disposed on one side of the outer wall of the solid hydrogen storage tank, an auxiliary lithium battery fixedly connected inside the hull, a fuel cell system disposed on one side of the outer wall of the auxiliary lithium battery, a unidirectional conducting diode fixedly connected inside the hull, a DC-DC boost system disposed on one side of the outer wall of the unidirectional conducting diode, the lower surface of the DC-DC boost system fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, the lower surface of the fuel cell system fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, the upper surface of the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, a handle fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, and a hatch fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, the hatch being positioned above the solid hydrogen storage tank.
[0006] Preferably, an observation window is fixedly connected to the inside of the hatch, an energy display is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, a start switch is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, a communication antenna is provided on one side of the outer wall of the start switch, the lower surface of the communication antenna is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull, a tail rotor shield is fixedly connected to the inside of the hull, and a propulsion system is fixedly connected to the inside of the tail rotor shield.
[0007] Preferably, the propulsion system receives electrical energy from the fuel cell system and the lithium battery energy storage system, wherein the electrical energy is boosted by a DC-DC boost system before being supplied to the power source.
[0008] Preferably, the interior of the hull includes a communication control system, which includes a fuel cell control system, an autonomous navigation system, a ship control unit, and communication equipment. The fuel cell control system is used to monitor and control the operating status of the fuel cell, the autonomous navigation system uses GPS for positioning, and the ship control unit is used to integrate various control commands and feedback.
[0009] Preferably, the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system includes electrodes, a proton exchange membrane, and an electrolyte, with the proton exchange membrane located between the hydrogen electrode and the oxygen electrode.
[0010] Preferably, the unidirectional diode is disposed between the DC-DC boost system and the lithium battery energy storage system to ensure that electrical energy can only flow unidirectionally from the fuel cell system to the lithium battery energy storage system.
[0011] Preferably, the solid hydrogen storage system uses solid hydrogen storage materials based on materials such as metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes, which are embedded inside the solid hydrogen storage bottle.
[0012] Preferably, the hull is made of composite materials and high-strength lightweight alloy materials to reduce overall mass and improve structural strength.
[0013] Preferably, the hull design includes a streamlined bottom and an optimized hull shape to reduce underwater resistance.
[0014] Preferably, the upper surface of the hull includes a non-slip surface treatment material, such as a textured paint or anti-slip adhesive, to provide additional friction during operation.
[0015] Operating Principle: This unmanned surface vessel (USV) integrates advanced hydrogen fuel cell technology and a solid-state hydrogen storage system, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly maritime operations. The hull is equipped with solid-state hydrogen storage tanks, using metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes to store hydrogen, with hydrogen flow controlled by solenoid valves for hydrogen inlet and outlet. The fuel cell system, located inside the hull, consists of electrodes and a proton exchange membrane, responsible for converting hydrogen into electrical energy. The generated electricity is processed by unidirectional diodes and a DC-DC boost system before supplying the propulsion system and other power-demanding equipment on board. The propulsion system relies on electric motors to drive the hull, ensuring efficient movement. Furthermore, the vessel includes a comprehensive communication and control system that integrates fuel cell control, autonomous navigation, and a ship control unit, enabling precise autonomous navigation and remote control. The autonomous navigation system uses GPS for precise positioning, while the ship control unit processes external commands and internal status feedback, optimizing operational efficiency. The hull's structural design utilizes lightweight, high-strength composite materials and lightweight alloys, reducing overall weight while improving structural strength and durability. The streamlined hull design reduces underwater drag, improving speed and fuel efficiency. Non-slip treatments on the hull surface, such as textured paint or anti-slip rubber, enhance safety during operation, especially in slippery environments. This invention's hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel demonstrates significant technological advantages and practical value in providing a continuous and stable energy supply, a highly efficient propulsion system, precise navigation control, and excellent environmental adaptability. These characteristics make it ideal for applications in marine exploration, environmental monitoring, and cargo transportation, while also reflecting an emphasis on environmental protection and the application of innovative technologies.
[0016] This invention provides a hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel. It has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. This invention enables the propulsion system to obtain a continuous and stable power supply through the coordinated operation of the fuel cell system and the lithium battery energy storage system, thereby improving the operating efficiency and power system reliability of the unmanned vessel; the communication control system integrates fuel cell control, autonomous navigation, ship control unit and communication equipment, enabling the unmanned vessel to perform precise autonomous navigation and remote control, improving operational flexibility and safety.
[0018] 2. The configuration of electrodes and proton exchange membranes included in the fuel cell system design of this invention optimizes the electrochemical reaction efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency and battery output performance; the unidirectional conduction diode prevents reverse flow of electrical energy, protects the lithium battery energy storage system, and enhances the stability and safety of the overall power system.
[0019] 3. The present invention utilizes high-performance materials such as metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes in the solid-state hydrogen storage system, making hydrogen storage more efficient and safer, and enhancing energy storage density and release stability; the hull made of composite materials and high-strength lightweight alloy materials significantly reduces the overall weight of the ship, while improving structural strength and durability, which is beneficial to improving navigation efficiency and load-bearing capacity.
[0020] 4. The streamlined design of the hull of this invention optimizes underwater hydrodynamic performance, reduces underwater resistance, improves sailing speed and fuel efficiency, and reduces energy consumption; the non-slip treatment of the upper surface of the hull improves operational safety in wet and slippery environments, reduces the risk of accidents during operation, and improves the convenience of maintenance and operation. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve part of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary lithium battery section of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the communication antenna part of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the working process of the hydrogen-powered unmanned vessel system of the present invention.
[0028] The components include: 1. Hull; 2. Handle; 3. Observation window; 4. Hatch cover; 5. Energy display; 6. Start switch; 7. Communication antenna; 8. Tail rotor guard; 9. Hydrogen exhaust solenoid valve; 10. Auxiliary lithium battery; 11. One-way conduction diode; 12. DC-DC boost system; 13. Fuel cell system; 14. Hydrogen inlet solenoid valve; 15. Solid hydrogen storage tank; and 16. Propulsion system. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] Example:
[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides a hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel, comprising a hull 1, a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 9 fixedly connected inside the hull 1, a solid hydrogen storage tank 15 fixedly connected inside the hull 1, a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 14 disposed on one side of the outer wall of the solid hydrogen storage tank 15, an auxiliary lithium battery 10 fixedly connected inside the hull 1, a fuel cell system 13 disposed on one side of the outer wall of the auxiliary lithium battery 10, a unidirectional conduction diode 11 fixedly connected inside the hull 1, a DC-DC boost system 12 disposed on one side of the outer wall of the unidirectional conduction diode 11, the lower surface of the DC-DC boost system 12 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1, the lower surface of the fuel cell system 13 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1, the upper surface of the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 14 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1, a handle 2 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1, and a hatch 4 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1, the hatch 4 being positioned above the solid hydrogen storage tank 15.
[0032] In one embodiment, by using hydrogen fuel cell technology, the unmanned vessel achieves zero-emission operation, significantly reducing its negative impact on the environment. At the same time, hydrogen energy provides the vessel with an efficient and continuous energy supply, improving energy efficiency. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder adopts a safe hydrogen storage method, and combined with the strict control of hydrogen inlet and outlet solenoid valves, it effectively avoids the risk of hydrogen leakage and ensures the safety of vessel operation. The auxiliary lithium battery ensures that power can still be supplied when the fuel cell system is under maintenance or unstable, ensuring the continuity of the vessel's power supply and the overall reliability of the system.
[0033] Furthermore, the hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen storage cylinder 15 is supplied to the fuel cell system 13 through the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 14. When the fuel cell needs to be stopped or maintained, the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 9 opens to safely discharge the stored hydrogen, ensuring the safe operation of the system. Energy conversion: The fuel cell system 13 converts the stored hydrogen into electrical energy. The unidirectional conduction diode 11 ensures the unidirectional flow of electrical energy, preventing electrical energy from flowing back to the fuel cell and increasing the power stability of the system. The electrical energy generated by the fuel cell is boosted by the DC-DC boost system 12 and then supplied to various power-demanding equipment on the hull 1, including the propulsion system and control system. The boost system is installed on the upper surface of the hull for easy maintenance and heat dissipation. The hatch cover 4 on the hull 1 is designed with a handle 2 for easy opening. An observation window is provided above the hatch cover (not described in the claims, but commonly found in such designs), allowing operators to directly observe the situation inside the ship and monitor the system status in real time.
[0034] An observation window 3 is fixedly connected inside the hatch cover 4. An energy display 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1. A start switch 6 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1. A communication antenna 7 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the start switch 6. The lower surface of the communication antenna 7 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull 1. A tail rotor shield 8 is fixedly connected inside the hull 1. A propulsion system 16 is fixedly connected inside the tail rotor shield 8.
[0035] In one embodiment, the energy display 5 is located in a prominent position on the hull 1, enabling operators to monitor the vessel's energy status in real time and ensuring effective energy management and timely replenishment; the start switch 6 is designed to allow operators to quickly start or stop the vessel, enhancing ease of use and response speed; the communication antenna 7 ensures stable communication between the vessel and the outside world, supports remote control and data transmission, and enhances the accuracy of the vessel's navigation and operation; the tail rotor shield 8 protects the propulsion system 16 from damage by foreign objects, while ensuring the stable operation and high efficiency of the propulsion system.
[0036] Furthermore, the energy display 5 provides real-time data on the vessel's current energy level, assisting operators in making energy management decisions. The start switch 6 provides a simple interface to control the vessel's on / off status; communication functionality: a communication antenna 7, mounted on the upper surface of the hull 1, receives and transmits control signals, enabling remote control of the vessel and ensuring reliable operation in complex sea conditions; propulsion system protection and propulsion: a tail rotor shield 8 covers the propulsion system 16, protecting the propulsion unit from damage by marine debris, reducing maintenance frequency and costs. The propulsion system 16 utilizes electrical energy obtained from the fuel cell system to drive the vessel forward via an electric motor, ensuring efficient and stable navigation performance.
[0037] The propulsion system 16 receives electrical energy from the fuel cell system 13 and the lithium battery energy storage system 10, wherein the electrical energy is boosted by the DC-DC boost system 12 before being supplied to the power source.
[0038] In one embodiment, the propulsion system 16 receives electrical energy from the fuel cell system 13 and the auxiliary lithium-ion battery storage system 10, ensuring the diversity and stability of the power supply. This design allows the vessel to automatically select the optimal power source based on power demand under different operating conditions, improving energy utilization efficiency. The application of the DC-DC boost system 12 enables the electrical energy obtained from the fuel cell system and the lithium-ion battery storage system to be boosted according to the specific needs of the propulsion system, ensuring the stability and applicability of the power output and enhancing the overall operating efficiency of the system. Through effective power management and supply, the continuous and reliable operation of the propulsion system of the unmanned vessel is ensured during long-term missions, which is particularly important in remote operations and long-distance voyages.
[0039] Furthermore, the propulsion system first receives DC power generated by the hydrogen fuel cell from the fuel cell system 13. This system converts hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, while producing water and heat as byproducts. Additionally, an auxiliary lithium-ion battery storage system 10 provides backup power to ensure the vessel's power needs are met during fuel cell system maintenance or performance degradation. The received electrical energy undergoes initial unidirectional flow control via a unidirectional diode 11 to prevent backflow into the fuel cell or lithium-ion battery storage system. Subsequently, a DC-DC boost system 12 boosts the electrical energy to ensure it reaches a suitable voltage level before being transferred to the propulsion system. The adjusted electrical energy is then supplied to the propulsion system 16, which uses an electric motor to convert the electrical energy into mechanical energy, driving the vessel forward or adjusting its course. This design ensures efficient and stable propulsion for the vessel under various marine conditions.
[0040] The interior of hull 1 includes a communication control system, which includes a fuel cell control system, an autonomous navigation system, a ship control unit, and communication equipment. The fuel cell control system is used to monitor and control the operating status of the fuel cell, the autonomous navigation system uses GPS for positioning, and the ship control unit is used to integrate various control commands and feedback.
[0041] In one embodiment, the fuel cell control system enables the unmanned vessel to monitor and regulate the operating status of the fuel cell in real time, ensuring that the fuel cell operates at optimal efficiency, while promptly identifying and addressing potential operational problems, thereby improving energy utilization and safety. The autonomous navigation system uses GPS technology for precise positioning, enabling the unmanned vessel to accurately execute predetermined routes in the vast ocean environment, reducing human error and improving navigation efficiency. The ship control unit integrates control commands and status feedback from various systems, improving response speed and operational accuracy through central processing, and optimizing the overall performance and responsiveness of the vessel.
[0042] Furthermore, the fuel cell control system is responsible for real-time monitoring of various parameters of the fuel cell, such as voltage, current, temperature, and the flow rates of hydrogen and oxygen. The control system adjusts the fuel cell's operating status based on the monitoring data, optimizing power output while ensuring safe operation. When any abnormality is detected, the system automatically adjusts or issues an alarm to ensure timely problem handling. The autonomous navigation system utilizes GPS technology to provide precise geographical location information, combined with preset routes or commands issued through a remote control center, to automatically adjust course and speed. This autonomous navigation system enables unmanned vessels to perform complex navigation tasks without human intervention, making it particularly suitable for long-duration operations or operations in adverse weather conditions.
[0043] The fuel cell stack of fuel cell system 13 includes electrodes, a proton exchange membrane and an electrolyte, with the proton exchange membrane located between the hydrogen electrode and the oxygen electrode.
[0044] In one embodiment, the proton exchange membrane technology used in the fuel cell system can efficiently convert hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. This conversion process has high energy conversion efficiency and fast response characteristics, thus providing a stable and reliable power source. The fuel cell stack has a compact structural design that integrates electrodes, proton exchange membranes, and electrolytes, which makes the entire system easy to install inside the hull, while reducing the hull load and improving space utilization efficiency.
[0045] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack is a key component of the system, internally comprising hydrogen and oxygen electrodes, a proton exchange membrane, and an electrolyte. The electrodes are responsible for the electrochemical reactions. In the hydrogen electrode, electrons are generated by the action of hydrogen gas, and the oxygen electrode uses these electrons. When hydrogen gas passes through the hydrogen electrode, hydrogen molecules are broken down into protons and electrons. These electrons flow to the oxygen electrode through an external circuit, generating an electric current that powers various systems on the unmanned surface vessel. Simultaneously, protons move through the proton exchange membrane to the oxygen electrode; at the oxygen electrode, electrons, protons, and oxygen molecules combine to form water. This process not only releases electrical energy but also generates heat and water. The heat can be used for the vessel's temperature control system, while the generated water can be discharged or recycled.
[0046] A unidirectional diode 11 is disposed between the DC-DC boost system 12 and the lithium battery energy storage system 10 to ensure that electrical energy can only flow unidirectionally from the fuel cell system to the lithium battery energy storage system.
[0047] In one embodiment, a unidirectional diode ensures that electrical energy can only flow from the fuel cell system 13 to the lithium battery energy storage system 10, preventing reverse flow of electrical energy. This is crucial for protecting the lifespan of the fuel cell and the lithium battery. This design allows the fuel cell system to charge the lithium battery when operating at high efficiency, thereby optimizing the energy storage and release process and ensuring that the lithium battery can take over power supply when the fuel cell system is under maintenance or underperforming. Seamless switching enhances the reliability of the system.
[0048] Furthermore, a unidirectional diode is installed between the DC-DC boost system 12 and the lithium-ion battery energy storage system 10. Its main function is to ensure that the electrical energy generated from the fuel cell system, after being processed by the DC-DC boost system, can flow to the lithium-ion battery energy storage system for storage, but reverse flow is not allowed. The electrical energy generated by the fuel cell system first passes through the DC-DC boost system, which adjusts the voltage to ensure that the electrical energy is supplied at a voltage suitable for lithium-ion battery storage and use. The boosted electrical energy is then transferred to the lithium-ion battery energy storage system through the unidirectional diode. During the flow of electrical energy from the fuel cell to the lithium-ion battery energy storage system, the unidirectional diode plays a crucial protective role, preventing battery damage or system instability caused by reverse flow. This protection mechanism ensures the long-term stable operation of the power system and the safety of the equipment.
[0049] The solid hydrogen storage system uses solid hydrogen storage materials based on materials such as metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes, which are embedded inside the solid hydrogen storage cylinder 15; the hull 1 is made of composite materials and high-strength lightweight alloy materials to reduce the overall mass and improve the structural strength.
[0050] In one embodiment, the use of advanced solid-state hydrogen storage materials such as metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes enables the safe storage of hydrogen at higher densities while reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage. The use of these materials improves hydrogen storage efficiency and system safety.
[0051] Furthermore, the selection of hydrogen storage materials: the metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes used inside solid-state hydrogen storage systems have extremely high hydrogen adsorption and release capabilities, enabling stable storage and release of hydrogen under relatively low pressure and temperature conditions; the hydrogen adsorption and release mechanism: these materials fix hydrogen in their structure through physical or chemical adsorption, and when hydrogen is needed to provide energy for fuel cells, the release of hydrogen can be controlled by adjusting environmental conditions such as temperature and pressure.
[0052] The design of hull 1 includes a streamlined bottom and an optimized hull shape to reduce underwater resistance; the upper surface of hull 1 includes non-slip surface treatment materials, such as textured paint or anti-slip rubber, to provide additional friction during operation.
[0053] In one embodiment, the streamlined bottom and optimized hull shape design significantly reduce underwater resistance, which helps to improve the vessel's speed and fuel efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing range. The use of non-slip surface treatment materials, such as textured paint or anti-slip adhesive, on the upper hull surface provides additional friction, reducing the risk of operators slipping in wet conditions and enhancing safety during operations.
[0054] Specifically, non-slip treatments on the hull surface, such as the use of textured paint or anti-slip adhesive, increase surface roughness, thereby enhancing the grip of personnel's feet in wet and slippery conditions and reducing the risk of slipping accidents. This surface treatment allows operators to move and work more safely when performing maintenance, operations, or working in harsh marine environments, especially when the vessel is subjected to wave impacts.
[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel, comprising a hull (1), characterized in that, A hydrogen discharge solenoid valve (9) is fixedly connected inside the hull (1). A solid hydrogen storage cylinder (15) is fixedly connected inside the hull (1). A hydrogen inlet solenoid valve (14) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the solid hydrogen storage cylinder (15). An auxiliary lithium battery (10) is fixedly connected inside the hull (1). A fuel cell system (13) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the auxiliary lithium battery (10). A unidirectional conduction diode (11) is fixedly connected inside the hull (1). A unidirectional conduction diode (11) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the unidirectional conduction diode (11). There is a DC-DC boost system (12), the lower surface of which is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1), the lower surface of the fuel cell system (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1), the upper surface of the hydrogen inlet solenoid valve (14) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1), a handle (2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1), and a hatch cover (4) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1). The hatch cover (4) is located above the solid hydrogen storage cylinder (15).
2. The hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, An observation window (3) is fixedly connected inside the hatch (4). An energy display (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1). A start switch (6) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1). A communication antenna (7) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the start switch (6). The lower surface of the communication antenna (7) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hull (1). A tail rotor shield (8) is fixedly connected inside the hull (1). A propulsion system (16) is fixedly connected inside the tail rotor shield (8).
3. The hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The propulsion system (16) receives electrical energy from the fuel cell system (13) and the lithium battery energy storage system (10), wherein the electrical energy is boosted by the DC-DC boost system (12) before being supplied.
4. The hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the hull (1) includes a communication control system, which includes a fuel cell control system, an autonomous navigation system, a ship control unit, and communication equipment. The fuel cell control system is used to monitor and control the operating status of the fuel cell, the autonomous navigation system is used for positioning via GPS, and the ship control unit is used to integrate various control commands and feedback.
5. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system (13) includes electrodes, a proton exchange membrane and an electrolyte, with the proton exchange membrane located between the hydrogen electrode and the oxygen electrode.
6. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unidirectional diode (11) is positioned between the DC-DC boost system (12) and the lithium battery energy storage system (10) to ensure that electrical energy can only flow unidirectionally from the fuel cell system to the lithium battery energy storage system.
7. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage system uses solid hydrogen storage materials based on materials such as metal hybrids or carbon nanotubes, which are embedded inside the solid hydrogen storage bottle (15).
8. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hull (1) is made of composite materials and high-strength lightweight alloy materials to reduce overall mass and improve structural strength.
9. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The design of the hull (1) includes a streamlined bottom and an optimized hull shape to reduce underwater resistance.
10. A hydrogen-powered unmanned surface vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the hull (1) includes a non-slip surface treatment material, such as a textured paint or anti-slip adhesive, to provide additional friction during operation.