Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive and a preparation method thereof, the following raw materials are respectively weighed: codonopsis pilosula, acanthopanax, hawthorn, andrographis paniculata, citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbyl palmitate and reduced glutathione; immersing the codonopsis pilosula sections, the acanthopanax sections and the haw slices into enzymatic hydrolysate to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction; crushing the codonopsis pilosula, the acanthopanax, the hawthorn and the andrographis paniculata sections subjected to enzymolysis by using a hammer crusher to obtain mixed powder; adding citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbyl palmitate and reduced glutathione, and mixing; the mixture is subjected to superfine grinding through a jet mill, and superfine powder is obtained; and mixing the superfine powder with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, adding water to prepare slurry, stirring and clathrating, and then carrying out spray drying to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultrafine grinding technology is an advanced process that can significantly improve the cell wall breaking rate of Chinese herbal medicine, release more active ingredients (such as polysaccharides, alkaloids, and volatile oils), and thus greatly improve the bioavailability. For example, raw materials such as Astragalus membranaceus and pine needles with high fiber content can improve the dissolution rate of effective ingredients after ultrafine grinding, reduce resource waste, and simplify the production process of feed additives. The application of this technology in the feed field aims to replace chemical additives such as antibiotics by enhancing the nutritional and pharmacological effects of Chinese herbal medicine, and to promote the development of green breeding.

[0003] However, the mechanical friction and airflow impact generated during the grinding process cause high temperature, which makes the active ingredients more susceptible to oxidation, and the heat-sensitive substances are decomposed by heat, destroying their odor molecules, producing astringency or failure, affecting the palatability and stability of the feed. In view of this, we propose a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive and a preparation method thereof to solve the problem of high temperature caused by mechanical friction and airflow impact during the grinding process, which makes the active ingredients more susceptible to oxidation, and the heat-sensitive substances are decomposed by heat, destroying their odor molecules, producing astringency or failure, affecting the palatability and stability of the feed.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following raw materials: Codonopsis pilosula, Acanthopanax senticosus, hawthorn, Andrographis paniculata, citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate, reduced glutathione; S1.2, immerse the Codonopsis pilosula section, Acanthopanax senticosus section and hawthorn slices in the enzyme solution for enzyme reaction; after the reaction is completed, 80℃ water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, rinse with clean water and then drain, to obtain the enzyme-treated Codonopsis pilosula, Acanthopanax senticosus and hawthorn; S1.3, grind the enzyme-treated Codonopsis pilosula, Acanthopanax senticosus, hawthorn and Andrographis paniculata section with a hammer mill to obtain a mixed powder; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, mix in a mixer for 30-45min to obtain a mixture; S1.4, ultrafine grinding of the mixture by airflow mill to obtain ultrafine powder; S1.5, mix the superfine powder with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, add water to make a slurry, and stir at a speed of 100-200 rpm at 35-40℃ for 0.5-1 h; then perform low-temperature spray drying to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive.

[0006] L-ascorbyl palmitate, as a fat-soluble antioxidant, has a palmitate group in its molecule, which helps it to be positioned around the fat-soluble components (such as andrographolide, eleutheroside) of medicinal materials; when oxidative reaction is induced by mechanical friction heat, it can preferentially react with free radicals (such as ·OH, ROO·, etc.) to terminate the chain reaction by providing hydrogen atoms; due to its unique structure and low oxidation potential, it can be oxidized first in the high-temperature crushing process, thereby effectively protecting the fat-soluble active substances from oxidative decomposition and playing a stabilizing and protective role in the processing process.

[0007] Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin forms inclusion compounds by including heat-sensitive odor molecules (such as volatile terpenes in hawthorn and andrographolide) in its hydrophobic cavity; this inclusion can improve the thermal stability of the inclusion compounds, thereby helping the included molecules to resist high temperatures during the crushing process; at the same time, the cavity structure can isolate oxygen to some extent, reducing the oxidative cleavage of components with unsaturated bonds (such as flavonoids C=C bonds), which helps to avoid the generation of aldehydes and other undesirable astringent substances due to oxidation, thereby improving the palatability of the feed.

[0008] Reduced glutathione (GSH) directly scavenges hydrogen peroxide and other active oxygen generated during the crushing process through its active sulfhydryl group in the molecule, and reduces it to water, while itself being oxidized to oxidized glutathione, thereby protecting water-soluble components (such as radix codonopsis polysaccharide and catechin) from oxidative degradation; in addition, GSH interacts with Maillard reaction intermediates, indirectly affecting the reaction of reducing sugars and amino acids at high temperatures, which helps to reduce the generation of browning and undesirable flavor substances, and has a positive effect on maintaining the color and flavor of the feed.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, in S1.1, the following raw materials are weighed: radix codonopsis 20-30 parts by weight, eleutherococcus 10-18 parts by weight, hawthorn 15-25 parts by weight, andrographis 5-12 parts by weight, citric acid 3-6 parts by weight, catechin 3-5 parts by weight, L-ascorbyl palmitate 0.2-0.5 parts by weight, and reduced glutathione 0.3-0.8 parts by weight.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, in S1.2, the enzyme solution is 40-50 U / g of cellulase dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer at a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, in S1.2, the temperature of the enzymatic reaction is 35-40℃, the shaking speed is 200-300 rpm, and the enzymatic reaction time is 1-2 h.

[0012] Preferably, in S1.3, the particle size of the mixed powder after hammer milling is 200-250 μm.

[0013] Preferably, in S1.4, the oxygen concentration is less than 3% by nitrogen circulation; the temperature for ultrafine milling is -10~-5 ℃, and the milling time is 30-40 min.

[0014] Preferably, in S1.4, the particle size of the ultrafine powder is 20-40 μm.

[0015] Preferably, in S1.5, the mass ratio of the ultrafine powder to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is 1:0.05-0.15.

[0016] Preferably, in S1.5, the inlet air temperature for spray drying is 60-70 ℃, the outlet air temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the drying time is 4-6 h. The spray drying is carried out under nitrogen protection, and the oxygen concentration is less than 3%.

[0017] In another aspect, the present application provides a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, which is prepared by any of the above preparation methods.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. In the present application, L-ascorbyl palmitate as a fat-soluble antioxidant can preferentially remove free radicals when the temperature is raised by mechanical friction, effectively reducing the oxidation loss rate of fat-soluble active ingredients (such as andrographolide and eleutheroside), thereby avoiding the occurrence of rancid smell caused by oil spoilage; at the same time, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin can embed heat-sensitive odor substances (such as hawthorn terpenes and andrographolide bitter glycosides) into its hydrophobic cavity through molecular inclusion, significantly increasing the thermal decomposition temperature, reducing the loss of volatile aroma, masking the bitter and astringent odor, and improving the palatability of the feed; in addition, reduced glutathione can effectively quench active oxygen in the aqueous phase, block the Maillard browning reaction, and prevent the oxidation of tannins and other phenolic substances to produce astringent substances. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] Radix ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus remove mud and sand with soft brush; and Andrographis panniculata is rinsed with flowing water for 3 times, and then drained; and then hot air circulation drying is carried out at 50℃ for 6 hours, until the water content is less than or equal to 8% (to avoid the pyrolysis of andrographolide).

[0021] Radix ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus are cut into 1cm sections; hawthorn is cored and cut into sections; and Andrographis panniculata is cut into 2cm sections.

[0022] Cellulase CAS: 9012-54-8, citric acid CAS: 77-92-9, catechin CAS: 154-23-4, L-ascorbic acid palmitate CAS: 137-66-6, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin CAS: 94035-02-6, are all purchased from Shanghai Yuan Ye Biological Technology Co., Ltd.

[0023] Reduced glutathione CAS: 70-18-8, is purchased from Shenzhen Jianyuan Biological Technology Co., Ltd.

[0024] Example 1: a preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, the following weight parts of raw materials are weighed: Radix ginseng 20 parts by weight, acanthopanax senticosus 10 parts by weight, hawthorn 15 parts by weight, Andrographis panniculata 5 parts by weight, citric acid 3 parts by weight, catechin 3 parts by weight, L-ascorbic acid palmitate 0.2 parts by weight, reduced glutathione 0.3 parts by weight; S1.2, the sections of Radix ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus and hawthorn slices are immersed in enzyme solution (50U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5), and oscillation is carried out at 40℃ with a vibration speed of 250rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by water bath at 80℃ for 10min, and then washed with clean water and drained to obtain the enzyme-treated Radix ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzyme-treated Radix ginseng, acanthopanax senticosus, hawthorn and Andrographis panniculata sections are crushed with a hammer crusher to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size of 250μm; citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione are added, and mixed in a mixing machine for 30min to obtain a mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine pulverized by an airflow pulverizer (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration is less than 3%) at-10℃ for 30min to obtain an ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30μm; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin according to a mass ratio of 1:0.05, water is added to prepare a slurry, and stirring is carried out at 40℃ with a speed of 200rpm for 1h; and then spray drying is carried out (under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration is less than 3%), the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, and the drying time is 6h, to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0025] Embodiment 2: A preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following weight parts of raw materials: 30 parts by weight of Codonopsis, 18 parts by weight of Acanthopanax, 25 parts by weight of hawthorn, 12 parts by weight of Andrographis, 6 parts by weight of citric acid, 5 parts by weight of catechin, 0.5 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, 0.8 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, immerse the Codonopsis section, Acanthopanax section and hawthorn slices into the enzyme solution (50 U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5), oscillate at 40℃ with 250 rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, 80℃ water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, rinse with clean water and then drain, to obtain the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax, hawthorn and Andrographis section are crushed with a hammer crusher to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size of 250μm; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, mix in a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine pulverized by an airflow pulverizer (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at-10℃ for 30min to obtain an ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30μm; S1.5, mix the ultrafine powder with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin according to a mass ratio of 1:0.15, add water to prepare a slurry, and stir at 40℃ at a speed of 200 rpm for 1h; then spray dry (under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%), the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, and the drying time is 6h, to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0026] Embodiment 3: A preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following weight parts of raw materials: 25 parts by weight of Codonopsis, 14 parts by weight of Acanthopanax, 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 8 parts by weight of Andrographis, 4 parts by weight of citric acid, 4 parts by weight of catechin, 0.3 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, 0.5 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, immerse the Codonopsis section, Acanthopanax section and hawthorn slices into the enzyme solution (50 U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5), oscillate at 40℃ with 250 rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, 80℃ water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, rinse with clean water and then drain, to obtain the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzymolysis party, acanthopanax senticosus, hawthorn and andrographis paniculata section with hammer crusher crushing, get the particle size of 250 μm mixed powder; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, in the mixing machine mixed 30 min, get the mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine pulverized by airflow pulverizer (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at-10℃ for 30min, to obtain the ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30 μm; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:0.1, water is added to prepare a slurry, and stirring is carried out at 40℃ and a speed of 200rpm for 1h; then spray drying (carried out under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%), the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, the drying time is 6h, to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0027] Example 4: a preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, the following weight parts of raw materials: 25 parts by weight of party, 14 parts by weight of acanthopanax senticosus, 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 8 parts by weight of andrographis paniculata, 4 parts by weight of citric acid, 4 parts by weight of catechin, 0.5 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, 0.5 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, the party section, acanthopanax senticosus section and hawthorn piece are immersed in the enzyme solution (50U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5) in 40℃, with 250rpm vibration speed vibration 2h; after the reaction, 80℃ water bath 10min, enzyme inactivation, rinse and dry after, get the enzymolysis party, acanthopanax senticosus and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzymolysis party, acanthopanax senticosus, hawthorn and andrographis paniculata section with hammer crusher crushing, get the particle size of 250 μm mixed powder; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, in the mixing machine mixed 30 min, get the mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine pulverized by airflow pulverizer (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at-10℃ for 30min, to obtain the ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30 μm; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:0.1, water is added to prepare a slurry, and stirring is carried out at 40℃ and a speed of 200rpm for 1h; then spray drying (carried out under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%), the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, the drying time is 6h, to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0028] Example 5: a preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following weight parts of raw materials: 25 parts by weight of Codonopsis, 14 parts by weight of Acanthopanax, 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 8 parts by weight of Andrographis, 4 parts by weight of citric acid, 4 parts by weight of catechin, 0.7 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, 0.5 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, immerse the Codonopsis section, Acanthopanax section and hawthorn slices in the enzyme solution (50 U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5), oscillate at 40℃ with 250 rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, 80℃ water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, rinse with water and drain, get the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax, hawthorn and Andrographis section are crushed by hammer crusher to get mixed powder with particle size of 250μm; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, mix in the mixing machine for 30min to get the mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine pulverized by airflow pulverizer (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at-10℃ for 30min to get ultrafine powder with particle size of 30μm; S1.5, mix the ultrafine powder with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin according to mass ratio 1:0.1, add water to make slurry, stir at 40℃ with 200 rpm for 1h; then spray dry (under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%), the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, the drying time is 6h, get Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0029] Example 6: a preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following weight parts of raw materials: 25 parts by weight of Codonopsis, 14 parts by weight of Acanthopanax, 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 8 parts by weight of Andrographis, 4 parts by weight of citric acid, 4 parts by weight of catechin, 0.3 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, 0.5 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, immerse the Codonopsis section, Acanthopanax section and hawthorn slices in the enzyme solution (50 U / g of cellulase is dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio is 1:5), oscillate at 40℃ with 250 rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, 80℃ water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, rinse with water and drain, get the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax, hawthorn and Andrographis section are crushed by hammer crusher to get mixed powder with particle size of 250μm; add citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione, mix in the mixing machine for 30min to get the mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine ground by a jet mill (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at -10℃ for 30min, to obtain an ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30μm; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:0.15, water is added to prepare a slurry, and the slurry is stirred at 40℃ at a speed of 200rpm for 1h; then spray drying (under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%) is carried out, the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, and the drying time is 6h, to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0030] Example 7: A preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, comprising the following steps: S1.1, the following raw materials are weighed respectively: 25 parts by weight of radix codonopsis, 14 parts by weight of acanthopanax, 20 parts by weight of hawthorn, 8 parts by weight of andrographis, 4 parts by weight of citric acid, 4 parts by weight of catechin, 0.3 parts by weight of L-ascorbyl palmitate, and 0.5 parts by weight of reduced glutathione; S1.2, the radix codonopsis segments, acanthopanax segments and hawthorn pieces are immersed in an enzymatic solution (50U / g of cellulase is dissolved in a pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer, mass ratio 1:5) and oscillated at 40℃ at a vibration speed of 250rpm for 2h; after the reaction is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by water bath at 80℃ for 10min, and then washed with clean water and drained to obtain the enzymatically hydrolyzed radix codonopsis, acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzymatically hydrolyzed radix codonopsis, acanthopanax and hawthorn are crushed by a hammer crusher to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size of 250μm; citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbyl palmitate and reduced glutathione are added and mixed in a mixing machine for 30min to obtain a mixture; S1.4, the mixture is ultrafine ground by a jet mill (nitrogen circulation, oxygen concentration less than 3%) at -10℃ for 30min, to obtain an ultrafine powder with a particle size of 30μm; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:0.2, water is added to prepare a slurry, and the slurry is stirred at 40℃ at a speed of 200rpm for 1h; then spray drying (under nitrogen protection, oxygen concentration less than 3%) is carried out, the inlet air temperature is 60℃, the outlet air temperature is 40℃, and the drying time is 6h, to obtain the Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: The method of Example 3 is used, and in the preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, L-ascorbyl palmitate is not added.

[0032] Comparative Example 2: The method of Example 3 is used, and in the preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, reduced glutathione is not added.

[0033] Comparative Example 3: The method of Example 3 was used in the preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive, without adding hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.

[0034] By adding L-ascorbyl palmitate, reduced glutathione and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin in the preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive, and the performance index test items and test standards of the obtained Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive are as follows: The sample to be tested was added to the extraction solvent (70% ethanol) in proportion, usually with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20-25; microwave-assisted extraction was used, with a power setting of 350-400 W, and heating time of 3-4 minutes, followed by cooling and centrifugation (14000-16000 rpm, 15 minutes), and the supernatant was filtered for use; the content of the target component was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the detection wavelength was selected according to the type of the component (for example, 283 nm for flavonoids and 203 nm for saponins); 1 μL of the sample solution was injected into the chromatograph, and the peak area of the target component was recorded, and the content was calculated by the standard curve; finally, the retention rate of the active ingredient (%) was calculated as (content after treatment / initial content) x 100%.

[0035] The DPPH solid was accurately weighed, dissolved with anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 0.1 mmol / L solution, and stored in the dark; 2 mL of the sample solution (which needed to be gradiently diluted) was mixed with 2 mL of the DPPH solution; the blank control was 2 mL of anhydrous ethanol and 2 mL of the DPPH solution; the sample control was 2 mL of the sample solution and 2 mL of anhydrous ethanol (to eliminate the interference of the sample background color); the mixture was placed in the dark for 30 minutes (room temperature); the absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 517 nm by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate was calculated by the formula.

[0036] The Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additives prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested by the above standards, and the data obtained are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Performance data of Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additives in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 As can be seen from Examples 3-5, when the weight of L-ascorbyl palmitate is continuously increased in the preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive with other components unchanged, the retention rate of the active ingredient and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the Chinese herbal medicine superfine powder feed additive continuously decrease; L-ascorbyl palmitate (AP) itself is a surfactant, and excessive addition leads to changes in the interfacial properties of the Chinese herbal medicine powder, making the active ingredient more easily exposed to oxygen and a humid heat environment, thereby accelerating oxidative degradation; AP has a pro-oxidation effect at high concentrations, especially in the presence of metal ions (such as Mn 2+ , Fe3+ The Chinese herbal medicine itself is rich in metal elements, which can catalyze the decomposition of AP, produce excess free radicals, and then attack active ingredients. In addition, AP is a fat-soluble substance and is difficult to dissolve in water. Excessive addition in the powder system can easily cause uneven distribution, and high local concentration can cause agglomeration or crystallization precipitation, hindering the effective play of its antioxidant function, and reducing the overall stability and free radical scavenging efficiency.

[0037] Further, by comparing Example 3 and Examples 6-7, it can be seen that when the mass ratio of super-fine powder to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is continuously increased in the preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine super-fine powder feed additive, the retention rate of active ingredients and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of Chinese herbal medicine super-fine powder feed additive continuously decrease. Excessive hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) leads to insufficient utilization of the cavity, and instead competes with the formed inclusion complex to bind active molecules, causing a dynamic dissociation-recombination process, which exposes part of the active ingredients to heat and oxygen environment, accelerating degradation. Appropriate HP-β-CD can protect antioxidant components (such as catechin) by isolating oxygen, but when excessive, the cavity binds to antioxidants (such as L-ascorbic acid palmitate), which instead limits the molecular freedom of the antioxidant, weakening its kinetic efficiency of scavenging free radicals. At the same time, cyclodextrin itself has no significant antioxidant capacity, and excessive dilution of the effective antioxidant concentration in the system leads to a decrease in DPPH scavenging rate.

[0038] According to the above test experiments, Example 3 is taken as the optimal example. By comparing Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when L-ascorbic acid palmitate is not added, the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of Chinese herbal medicine super-fine powder feed additive decreases significantly. L-ascorbic acid palmitate (AP) as a high-efficiency electron donor can directly neutralize active oxygen (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O2⁻) and hydroxyl radical (·OH), thereby effectively blocking the chain reaction of lipid free radicals and preventing the exponential growth of oxidation reaction. In the airflow crushing process, high temperature and oxygen exposure cause a burst of free radicals, and the absence of AP weakens this scavenging ability. At the same time, under the inlet air temperature, heat-sensitive antioxidant components (such as catechin and flavonoids) are oxidized themselves, and the synergistic protection effect of AP disappears, further reducing the free radical scavenging efficiency.

[0039] As can be seen by comparing Example 3 with Comparative Example 2: when no reduced glutathione is added, the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the Chinese herbal medicine ultra-fine powder feed additive is significantly reduced; the sulfhydryl group (-SH) of reduced glutathione GSH can directly capture a single electron in the DPPH free radical, converting it into a stable substance, thereby exerting an antioxidant effect; in the absence of GSH, the free radical scavenging reaction loses a key electron donor, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity; in addition, GSH, as a substrate for glutathione peroxidase (GPx), can reduce lipid peroxide to harmless alcohol and water, thereby preventing oxidative damage; if GSH is absent, peroxide will not be effectively cleared, triggering a chain reaction and further exacerbating oxidative stress.

[0040] As can be seen by comparing Example 3 with Comparative Example 3: when no hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is added, the active ingredient retention rate of the Chinese herbal medicine ultra-fine powder feed additive is significantly reduced; the cavity structure of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) can effectively embed these ingredients, isolating them from external high temperatures and oxygen, thereby improving their stability; in addition, HP-β-CD can also block the contact of oxygen and ultraviolet light with the active ingredients, further enhancing their protection; for Chinese herbal medicine volatile oils (such as terpenes in Andrographis and hawthorn), which are prone to escape during pulverization and drying, resulting in loss of active ingredients; and poorly water-soluble ingredients (such as flavonoid glycosides), which are prone to precipitate during slurry stirring after losing the solubilizing effect of HP-β-CD, resulting in uneven distribution and local oxidation.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1.1, respectively, take the following raw materials: Codonopsis, acanthopanax, hawthorn, and Andrographis, citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate, reduced glutathione; S1.2, the Codonopsis section, Acanthopanax section and hawthorn pieces are immersed in the enzyme solution for enzymolysis reaction; after the reaction is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by 80℃ water bath for 10 min, and then washed with clean water and drained to obtain the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax and hawthorn; S1.3, the enzyme hydrolyzed Codonopsis, Acanthopanax, hawthorn and Andrographis section are crushed by a hammer crusher to obtain a mixed powder; citric acid, catechin, L-ascorbic acid palmitate and reduced glutathione are added and mixed in a mixer for 30-45 min to obtain a mixture; S1.4, the mixture is subjected to ultrafine grinding by an air flow crusher to obtain an ultrafine powder; S1.5, the ultrafine powder is mixed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, water is added to prepare a slurry, and the slurry is stirred at a speed of 100-200 rpm at 35-40℃ for 0.5-1 h; then low-temperature spray drying is performed to obtain a Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive.

2. The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine ultra-micro powder feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.1, the following raw materials are weighed: 20-30 parts by weight of Codonopsis, 10-18 parts by weight of Acanthopanax, 15-25 parts by weight of hawthorn, 5-12 parts by weight of Andrographis, 3-6 parts by weight of citric acid, 3-5 parts by weight of catechin, 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of L-ascorbic acid palmitate, and 0.3-0.8 parts by weight of reduced glutathione.

3. The method for preparing ultrafine powder feed additives of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.2, the enzyme solution is 40-50 U / g of cellulase dissolved in pH 5.0 acetic acid buffer with a mass ratio of 1:

5.

4. The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine ultra-micro powder feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.2, the temperature of the enzymolysis reaction is 35-40℃, the shaking speed is 200-300 rpm, and the enzymolysis time is 1-2 h.

5. The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine ultra-micro powder feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.3, the particle size of the mixed powder after hammer crushing is 200-250 μm.

6. The method for preparing Chinese herbal medicine ultra-micro powder feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.4, the air flow crusher circulates nitrogen, and the oxygen concentration is less than 3%; the temperature for ultrafine grinding is -10~-5℃, and the grinding time is 30-40 min.

7. The method for preparing ultrafine powder feed additives of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.4, the particle size of the ultrafine powder is 20-40 μm.

8. The method for preparing ultrafine powder feed additives of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.5, the mass ratio of the ultrafine powder to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is 1:0.05-0.

15.

9. The method for preparing ultrafine powder feed additives of traditional Chinese medicine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1.5, the inlet air temperature for spray drying is 60-70℃, the outlet air temperature is 40-45℃, and the drying time is 4-6 h; The spray drying is carried out under nitrogen protection, and the oxygen concentration is less than 3%.

10. A Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive, characterized in that, A Chinese herbal medicine ultrafine powder feed additive prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-9.

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