Splicing combined type heavy die forging extrusion hydraulic machine and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses a spliced and combined type heavy die forging extrusion hydraulic press and a working method. The spliced and combined type heavy die forging extrusion hydraulic press comprises supporting columns, a movable cross beam and a downward pressing oil cylinder. An upper cross beam and a lower cross beam are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the supporting column respectively; shells of the downward pressing oil cylinders vertically penetrate through the upper cross beam, and the downward pressing oil cylinders are fixedly connected with the upper cross beam; the movable cross beam is movably arranged on the supporting column, a return stroke oil cylinder is further arranged on the supporting column, a telescopic rod of the return stroke oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam, and the movable end of the pressing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the movable cross beam; a tool mold is arranged in the center of the lower surface of the movable cross beam, a workbench is arranged on the upper surface of the lower cross beam, and an ejection oil cylinder is vertically arranged in the center of the lower end of the lower cross beam. The lower cross beam, the supporting columns and the upper cross beam are tensioned and fixed through main pull rods. The problems that an upper die and a lower die are prone to dislocation when a hydraulic machine is used for forging large parts and nominal pressure is insufficient are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic machines, in particular to a spliced and combined heavy-duty die forging and extrusion hydraulic machine and a working method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The die forging hydraulic machine is the core equipment for manufacturing key large forgings in the fields of aviation, aerospace, energy, and shipbuilding, and its performance is directly related to the product quality. Nominal force, precision, stability, and efficiency are key indicators for measuring its advancement. The existing traditional large die forging hydraulic machine, especially the machine type using single-cylinder or central master cylinder structure, gradually exposes many technical bottlenecks in long-term use, and is difficult to meet the increasingly demanding process requirements of modern high-end forgings. The typical structure usually includes an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a closed frame composed of four columns, and a master working cylinder and a return cylinder driving the movable cross beam.

[0004] However, at present, the traditional single-cylinder or central master cylinder structure hydraulic machine has a large eccentric moment when forging large and asymmetric parts, which can cause a slight overturning tendency of the movable cross beam, resulting in uneven contact and additional bending moment between the column and the movable cross beam, which can cause the upper and lower dies to be misaligned, resulting in complete loss of precision, seriously affecting the thickness tolerance of the forgings and the service life of the dies, and even causing safety hazards. At the same time, the traditional single-cylinder or central master cylinder structure hydraulic machine also has insufficient nominal pressure when forging large parts, resulting in a high rate of defective workpieces. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a spliced and combined heavy-duty die forging and extrusion hydraulic machine and a working method, which solves the problem of misalignment of the upper and lower dies of the existing single-cylinder or central master cylinder structure hydraulic machine when forging large and asymmetric parts, resulting in complete loss of precision, and the problem of insufficient nominal pressure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a splicing combination type heavy die forging extrusion hydraulic press, comprising: a lower cross beam, a support column, a movable cross beam, an upper cross beam and a lower pressing oil cylinder; the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the support column; the housing of the lower pressing oil cylinder vertically penetrates the upper cross beam, and the lower pressing oil cylinder has a plurality of and is fixedly connected with the upper cross beam; the movable cross beam is movably arranged on the support column, and a return oil cylinder is further arranged on the support column, the movable end of the return oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the movable cross beam, and the movable end of the lower pressing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the movable cross beam; a tooling die is arranged at the center position of the lower surface of the movable cross beam, a workbench is movably arranged on the upper surface of the lower cross beam, and an ejection oil cylinder is further arranged on the lower cross beam; the lower cross beam, the support column and the upper cross beam are fixedly connected through main tension rods.

[0007] As a further implementation manner, the plurality of lower pressing oil cylinders are uniformly distributed in the upper cross beam.

[0008] As a further implementation manner, the support column is divided into an upper stand column and a lower stand column, a positioning key is arranged between the lower stand column and the upper stand column, a fixed support seat is arranged on the outer side wall of the top of the lower stand column, and the fixed support seat is fixedly connected with the housing of the return oil cylinder.

[0009] As a further implementation manner, the lower cross beam, the movable cross beam and the upper cross beam are all combined cross beams and are composed of two middle beams and two side beams, and the middle beams and the side beams are fixedly connected through cross beam tension rods.

[0010] As a further implementation manner, the main tension rods and the cross beam tension rods are both solid rod structures with threads arranged at two ends, the threads at the two ends of the main tension rods and the cross beam tension rods have the same rotation direction, and washers and nuts are arranged on the threads.

[0011] As a further implementation manner, the housing of the ejection oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower cross beam, through holes are arranged on the lower cross beam and the workbench for penetrating the plunger rod of the ejection oil cylinder, a foundation beam is arranged at the lower end of the lower cross beam, the lower cross beam is installed on the equipment platform through the foundation beam, and the foundation beam has a structure of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0012] As a further implementation manner, a transition cross beam is arranged on the upper surface of the lower cross beam, the bottom end of the transition cross beam is connected with the lower cross beam through a fastener, a sliding rail is arranged on the upper surface of the transition cross beam, and the workbench is slidably arranged on the sliding rail.

[0013] As a further implementation manner, the workbench has a rectangular structure and is driven by a hydraulic equipment.

[0014] As a further implementation manner, a moving guide rail is arranged between the movable cross beam and the support column, the moving guide rail is arranged on the outer side wall of the support column, and a plurality of moving guide rails are arranged.

[0015] In a second aspect, the application further provides a working method of the combined heavy die forging and extruding hydraulic press, comprising the following steps, S1: the down oil cylinder is driven by the hydraulic system to push the movable cross beam to move downward along the moving guide rail, the tooling die on the movable cross beam is synchronously lowered to contact the workpiece, and when the tooling die contacts the workpiece, the ejecting oil cylinder also acts on the workpiece to extrude the workpiece through the workbench under the action of the hydraulic system; S2: when the workpiece is finished, the down oil cylinder and the ejecting oil cylinder are simultaneously relaxed, and the down oil cylinder is reset under the action of the return oil cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: The plurality of down oil cylinders in the application are synchronously supplied with high-pressure oil to generate a huge nominal force, and the force is completely transmitted to the blank through the movable cross beam to make the blank plastically deform in the die cavity; the plurality of down oil cylinders are connected in parallel to synchronously work, which can converge to generate a great downward pressure, and can meet the process requirement of high nominal pressure required for forming large and super-large forgings; the lower cross beam, the support column and the upper cross beam are pre-tightened and straightened by the main pull rod to form a closed and high-rigid prestressed frame structure, which can effectively bear the huge reaction force generated during die forging, reduce the deformation of the machine body, ensure the forging precision, prolong the service life of the equipment, guide the movable cross beam to ensure that it can only move vertically and stably and accurately without any lateral deviation or shaking, thereby ensuring the centering of the upper and lower dies and improving the forging quality and the die life; the down oil cylinder is used to provide the main working pressure, and the independent return oil cylinder is used to quickly lift the movable cross beam, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the idle stroke, working pressure and return stroke.

[0017] The upper surface of the lower cross beam is provided with a transition cross beam, the upper surface of the transition cross beam is provided with a sliding rail, and the sliding rail is slidably provided with a workbench, so that different dies can be replaced in time when the product is replaced during die forging production; the sliding workbench allows the entire workbench to be directly slid out of the working space of the press along the sliding rail. The off-line preheating, installation and replacement of the die can be realized, the die changing time of the press is reduced to the minimum, and the press is particularly suitable for multi-variety and batch production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0019] Fig. 1 This is a front view of the modular heavy-duty die forging and extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention. Fig. 2 This is a side view of the modular heavy-duty die forging and extrusion hydraulic press of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 1. Foundation beam; 2. Lower crossbeam; 3. Crossbeam tie rod; 4. Transition crossbeam; 5. Workbench; 6. Support column; 7. Return cylinder; 8. Tooling mold; 9. Movable crossbeam; 10. Upper crossbeam; 11. Lower pressure cylinder; 12. Main tie rod; 13. Ejection cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. Example 1 This embodiment discloses a modular heavy-duty die forging and extrusion hydraulic press, such as... Figs. 1-2 As shown, the structure includes: a lower crossbeam 2, a support column 6, a movable crossbeam 9, an upper crossbeam 10, and a downward pressing cylinder 11; the upper crossbeam 10 and the lower crossbeam 2 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the support column 6; the housing of the downward pressing cylinder 11 vertically passes through the upper crossbeam 10, and there are multiple downward pressing cylinders 11, all of which are fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam 10; the movable crossbeam 9 is movably mounted on the support column 6, and a return cylinder 7 is also mounted on the support column 6, the movable end of the return cylinder 7 being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the movable crossbeam 9, and the movable end of the downward pressing cylinder 11 being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the movable crossbeam 9; a tooling mold 8 is located at the center of the lower surface of the movable crossbeam 9, a worktable 5 is movably mounted on the upper surface of the lower crossbeam 2, and an ejection cylinder 13 is vertically mounted at the center of the lower end of the lower crossbeam 2; the lower crossbeam 2, the support column 6, and the upper crossbeam 10 are tightened and fixed together by a main tie rod 12.

[0023] It can be understood that the hydraulic machine of the present application works, the lower pressing oil cylinder 11 pushes its plunger rod to move downward, and drives the movable cross beam 9 to guide along the support column 6 to quickly drop under the weight; the high pressure oil is synchronously input in the plurality of lower pressing oil cylinders 11, a huge nominal force is generated, the force is completely transmitted to the blank through the movable cross beam 9, so that the plastic deformation of the blank occurs in the mold cavity. In the embodiment, the lower pressing oil cylinder 11 has 8 groups, the nominal force of 8 groups of oil cylinders working simultaneously can reach 700MN, the nominal force of the ejection oil cylinder 13 is 100MN, the synchronous output of 800MN nominal force can be realized, and the "net near forming" die forging process of large forging products can be realized through the equipment. The hydraulic machine of the present application adopts a plurality of lower pressing oil cylinders 11 working in parallel, can converge to generate a great downward pressure, and can meet the high tonnage process requirement required by large and super large forging forming; the lower cross beam 2, the support column 6 and the upper cross beam 10 are pre-tightened and straightened through the main pull rod 12, form a closed, high-rigidity prestressed frame structure, can effectively bear the huge reaction force generated during die forging, reduce the deformation of the machine body, ensure the forging precision, prolong the service life of the equipment, the movable cross beam 9 is guided by the support column 6, ensures that it can only move smoothly and accurately in the vertical direction without any lateral deviation or shaking, thereby ensuring the centration of the upper and lower molds, improving the quality of the forgings and the service life of the molds; the lower pressing oil cylinder 11 is used for providing the main working pressure, and the independent return oil cylinder 7 is used for quickly lifting the movable cross beam 9, improves the overall efficiency of the idle stroke, working pressure and return stroke, and shortens the working cycle; the hydraulic machine in the present application adopts a split assembly structure, solves the difficulty of casting, machining and transportation of super large integral components, and reduces the manufacturing cost and difficulty.

[0024] As a further implementation manner, the plurality of lower pressing oil cylinders 11 are uniformly distributed in the upper cross beam 10, which can ensure uniform load distribution and avoid unbalanced load; due to large forgings, the deformation force required by different areas during forming may be different, and eccentric moment is easily generated. If there is only one central oil cylinder or the plurality of oil cylinders are unevenly distributed, the movable cross beam 9 will be subjected to a huge bending moment, resulting in that one end is lifted and the other end is excessively pressed.

[0025] As a further implementation manner, the support column 6 is divided into an upper column and a lower column, the lower column and the upper column are connected through a positioning key, a fixed support seat is arranged on the top outer side wall of the lower column, and the fixed support seat is fixedly connected with the shell of the return oil cylinder 7. The top end and the bottom end of the support column 6 are also connected with the upper cross beam 10 and the lower cross beam 2 through the positioning key respectively; the centration of the upper and lower columns is ensured, the axes of the two columns are coincided, so that no additional error or resistance is introduced to the guidance of the movable cross beam 9. It is ensured that the upper and lower columns will not move or rotate relative to each other when bearing a huge working force, and the connection is reliable.

[0026] As a further implementation manner, the lower cross beam 2, the movable cross beam 9 and the upper cross beam 10 are all combined cross beams and are composed of two middle beams and two side beams which are connected by cross beam pull rods 3.

[0027] As a further implementation manner, the main pull rod 12 and the cross beam pull rod 3 are both solid rod structures with threads at two ends, the threads at two ends of the main pull rod 12 and the cross beam pull rod 3 are of the same rotation direction, and washers and nuts are installed on the threads. Since the lower cross beam 2, the column, the movable cross beam 9 and the upper cross beam 10 are all combined structures, the multiple components can be effectively and stably connected as a whole by the pull rod and the nut, which not only reduces the difficulty of processing and transportation of large components, but also ensures the stability of the whole device.

[0028] As a further implementation manner, the housing of the ejection oil cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower cross beam 2, the center positions of the lower cross beam 2 and the workbench 5 are provided with through holes for penetrating the plunger rod of the ejection oil cylinder 13, the ejection oil cylinder is provided with a return cylinder to realize the quick reset of the ejection oil cylinder, the lower end of the lower cross beam 2 is provided with a foundation beam 1, the lower cross beam 2 is installed on the equipment platform through the foundation beam 1, the foundation beam 1 has a structure of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which can effectively improve the stability of the hydraulic machine. Since the size of the hydraulic machine is increased and the weight is large, the overturning of the hydraulic machine can be effectively avoided by the foundation beam 1.

[0029] As a further implementation manner, the upper surface of the lower cross beam 2 is provided with a transition cross beam 4, the bottom end of the transition cross beam 4 is connected with the lower cross beam 2 through a fastener, the upper surface of the transition cross beam 4 is provided with a sliding rail, and the workbench 5 is slidingly arranged on the sliding rail. In die forging production, different tooling dies need to be replaced when the product is replaced.

[0030] As a further implementation manner, the workbench 5 has a rectangular structure, and a die is installed on the workbench. The workbench 5 is driven by external hydraulic equipment, and when the workbench enters the working position, 800MN nominal pressure can be realized by cooperating with the ejection oil cylinder and the pressing oil cylinder. When the die or the workpiece needs to be replaced, the workbench is pushed out by the external hydraulic equipment, and the die or the workpiece is replaced by a hoisting device.

[0031] As a further implementation manner, a guide rail is arranged between the movable cross beam 9 and the support column 6, the guide rail is arranged on the outer side wall of the support column 6 and is provided with a plurality of guide rails, and the length direction of the guide rail is parallel to the length direction of the support column 6. The wear and scratch of the surface of the support column 6 caused by the movable cross beam 9 can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the whole machine is prolonged.

[0032] Embodiment 2 The embodiment provides a working method of a spliced combined heavy die-forging extrusion hydraulic machine, and comprises the following steps, S1: the downward pressing oil cylinder 11 is driven by a hydraulic system to push the movable cross beam 9 to move downward along the moving guide rail, a tooling die 8 on the movable cross beam 9 is synchronously moved downward and contacts a workpiece, when the tooling die 8 contacts the workpiece, the ejection oil cylinder 13 also contacts the workpiece and performs extrusion by penetrating the workbench under the action of the hydraulic system, the downward pressing oil cylinder 11 has eight groups, the eight groups of oil cylinders can simultaneously work with a nominal force of 700MN, the nominal force of the ejection oil cylinder 13 is 100MN, synchronous output of 800MN nominal force can be realized, and the device can realize "net near forming" of a large forging product; S2: when the workpiece is finished, the downward pressing oil cylinder 11 and the ejection oil cylinder 13 are simultaneously relaxed, the downward pressing oil cylinder 11 is reset under the action of the return oil cylinder 7, the independent return oil cylinder 7 is used for quickly lifting the movable cross beam 9, the overall efficiency of air travel descending, working pressurizing and return rising is improved, the working beat is shortened, and the workbench can be driven by the hydraulic device to move, so that the workpiece and the die are conveniently transferred or replaced.

[0033] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular heavy swage extrusion hydraulic press characterized in that, It includes: The lower crossbeam, the column, the movable crossbeam, the upper crossbeam, the lower pressing oil cylinder, the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the column respectively, the shell of the lower pressing oil cylinder vertically passes through the upper crossbeam, the lower pressing oil cylinder has a plurality of and is fixedly connected with the upper crossbeam, the movable crossbeam is movably arranged on the column, the column is further provided with a return oil cylinder, the movable end of the return oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the movable crossbeam, the movable end of the lower pressing oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the movable crossbeam, the lower surface center position of the movable crossbeam is provided with a tooling mold, the upper surface of the lower crossbeam is provided with a workbench, and the lower crossbeam is further provided with an ejection oil cylinder; the lower crossbeam, the column and the upper crossbeam are fixedly connected through the main pull rod.

2. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein, A plurality of the lower pressing oil cylinders are uniformly distributed in the upper crossbeam.

3. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 1, wherein, The column is divided into an upper stand and a lower stand, a positioning key is arranged between the lower stand and the upper stand, a fixed support seat is arranged on the top outer side wall of the lower stand, and the fixed support seat is fixedly connected with the shell of the return oil cylinder.

4. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 3, wherein, The lower crossbeam, the movable crossbeam and the upper crossbeam are all combined crossbeams and are composed of two middle beams and two side beams, and the middle beams and the side beams are fixedly connected through crossbeam pull rods.

5. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 4, wherein, The main pull rod and the crossbeam pull rod are both solid rod structures provided with threads at two ends, the threads at the two ends of the main pull rod and the crossbeam pull rod are of the same rotation direction, and washers and nuts are mounted on the threads.

6. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 5, wherein, The shell of the ejection oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower crossbeam, the lower crossbeam and the workbench are both provided with through holes for penetrating the plunger rod of the ejection oil cylinder, the lower end of the lower crossbeam is provided with a foundation beam, the lower crossbeam is installed on the equipment platform through the foundation beam, and the foundation beam has a structure of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

7. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 6, wherein, The upper surface of the lower crossbeam is provided with a transition crossbeam, the bottom end of the transition crossbeam is connected with the lower crossbeam through a fastener, the upper plane of the transition crossbeam is provided with a sliding rail, and the workbench is slidably arranged on the sliding rail.

8. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press according to claim 7, wherein, The workbench has a rectangular structure and is driven by a hydraulic device.

9. A split modular heavy swage hydraulic press as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A guide rail is arranged between the movable crossbeam and the column, the guide rail is arranged on the outer side wall of the column and is provided with a plurality of guide rails, and the length direction of the guide rail is parallel to the length direction of the column.

10. A method of working a combined modular heavy die-forging extrusion hydraulic press according to any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, The steps include S1, the lower pressing oil cylinder is driven by the hydraulic system to push the movable crossbeam to move downward along the moving guide rail, the tooling mold on the movable crossbeam moves downward synchronously and contacts the workpiece, when the tooling mold contacts the workpiece, the ejection oil cylinder also penetrates the workbench to extrude the workpiece under the action of the hydraulic system; S2, when the workpiece is finished, the lower pressing oil cylinder and the ejection oil cylinder are simultaneously relaxed, and the lower pressing oil cylinder is reset under the action of the return oil cylinder.

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