Cylindrical battery high-speed automatic production line

Abstract

This invention relates to a high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries, comprising, in sequence, a negative electrode assembly machine for transferring battery steel casings via a robotic arm / conveyor line, a bottom and side film assembly machine, a positive electrode assembly machine, a cap assembly machine, and a liquid injection machine. The negative electrode assembly machine includes a high-speed reciprocating lithium strip winding and assembly device and a rolling device. The bottom and side film assembly machines are equipped with a bottom film cutting mechanism with synchronously adjustable spacing and a material handling actuator to accommodate multiple specifications. The positive electrode assembly machine employs a multi-stage weighing and pressing device, integrating a fixed-volume coarse metering channel and a precision weighing and fine-tuning channel, sharing a collection hopper and a compaction mechanism. The cap assembly machine integrates a cap body concentric punching device and a welding device with an annular gas-protected tooling. This invention utilizes multiple features synergistically to form an efficient and flexible continuous production system. Through modular device integration and control optimization, it significantly reduces the production cycle per unit while simultaneously supporting rapid switching between multiple battery specifications, providing reliable support for large-scale manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery manufacturing equipment technology, specifically to a high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries, which is particularly suitable for the large-scale production of lithium-ion batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The current cylindrical battery manufacturing industry is plagued by technical bottlenecks such as insufficient production continuity and limited flexibility. Traditional production lines typically employ a discrete equipment layout, relying on manual handling or independent mechanical transfer between processes. This results in low material flow efficiency and makes it difficult to achieve precise coordination at high speeds. Particularly in the negative electrode assembly stage, lithium strip winding and compaction are at different stations, and multiple positioning steps can easily lead to positional deviations. Bottom film assembly requires changing specialized cutting molds for different battery specifications, significantly increasing changeover time. Positive electrode particle filling often uses a single weighing method, making it difficult to balance accuracy and efficiency. The cover welding lacks an effective gas protection mechanism, easily leading to increased weld defect rates due to oxidation. The steel shell positioning in the liquid injection process generally uses rigid clamping, posing a risk of shell damage. These factors collectively restrict the overall efficiency of the production line, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for large-scale manufacturing with high consistency and multi-specification compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries, in which multiple features work synergistically to form an efficient and flexible continuous production system. The entire line, through modular device integration and central control optimization, significantly reduces the production cycle per unit while being compatible with rapid switching between multiple battery specifications, providing reliable support for large-scale manufacturing.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries includes a negative electrode machine, a bottom and side film assembly machine, a positive electrode assembly machine, a cap assembly machine, and a liquid injection machine, which are sequentially connected along the process flow and convey the battery steel shells via a central conveyor line and / or a robotic arm. The negative electrode machine includes a lithium strip winding and assembly device and a rolling device. The winding and assembly device has a circumferential motion component that drives the pressure roller to reciprocate at high speed around a mandrel and a lifting and feeding mechanism. The bottom and side film assembly machine includes a bottom film cutting mechanism with synchronously adjustable spacing for high-speed adaptation to battery specifications and a material handling actuator. The positive electrode assembly machine includes a multi-stage weighing and pressing device for positive electrode particles, which has parallel fixed-volume material cup coarse metering channels and precision weighing device fine adjustment channels, and shares a material collection weighing hopper and a compaction mechanism. The cap assembly machine includes a cap body concentric punching device and a welding device with an annular gas protection fixture. The liquid injection machine includes a positioning mechanism with elastic clamping grooves and a top rod. The entire line is coordinated by a central controller to achieve high-speed continuous production.

[0006] This production line is designed to integrate multiple specialized devices and automate the transfer of battery steel casings via a central conveyor or robotic arm, reducing manual intervention and material handling time, thereby improving overall production efficiency. The lithium strip winding and assembly device in the negative electrode assembly machine is equipped with a circular motion component and a lifting feeding mechanism, enabling rapid winding and precise positioning of the lithium strip, ensuring the stability and consistency of the negative electrode assembly process. Simultaneously, the compaction device enhances the bonding strength between the lithium strip and the steel casing through mechanical compaction, avoiding errors that may arise from traditional manual operation. The bottom film and side film assembly machine employs a synchronously adjustable bottom film cutting mechanism and a material handling actuator, which can dynamically adjust the cutting spacing according to different battery specifications, enhancing the flexibility of the production line, reducing changeover time, and supporting multi-variety, small-batch production needs. The multi-stage weighing and pressing device in the positive electrode assembly machine combines a fixed-volume material cup for coarse metering and a precision weighing device for fine channel adjustment. Through a shared collection weighing hopper and compaction mechanism, it achieves rapid coarse filling and fine replenishment of positive electrode particles, effectively controlling particle filling accuracy, reducing material waste, and ensuring uniform particle density, thus improving battery performance consistency. The concentric punching device on the cover assembly machine ensures high precision in punching position, reducing subsequent assembly deviations. The welding device with annular gas protection tooling provides inert gas protection during welding, effectively suppressing oxidation reactions and improving weld quality and product reliability. The positioning mechanism of the liquid injection machine uses elastic clamping grooves and push rods to gently clamp the steel shell to prevent damage and quickly eject the workpiece after liquid injection, reducing the risk of equipment jamming and improving operational safety. The entire production line is centrally controlled to coordinate the timing of each device's actions, ensuring seamless connection and synchronous operation between workstations. This supports high-speed continuous production, shortening the single-piece production cycle. The modular design facilitates maintenance and fault diagnosis, enhancing system reliability and scalability. Combining these features, this production line improves automation while also considering flexible production and quality control, making it suitable for large-scale battery manufacturing environments.

[0007] Preferably, the negative electrode machine includes a negative electrode steel shell feeding device, a negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device, a negative electrode lithium strip rolling device, and a negative electrode steel shell unloading device arranged sequentially along the process flow direction; the feeding device conveys the battery steel shell; the negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device winds an annular lithium strip ring in situ inside the battery steel shell; the negative electrode lithium strip rolling device compacts the annular lithium strip ring by rotational rolling; and the unloading device removes the battery steel shell after negative electrode assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the negative electrode lithium strip winding assembly device includes an assembly mandrel, a pressure roller, a circular motion assembly, and a lifting and feeding mechanism. The pressure roller is arranged around the outer periphery of the assembly mandrel, and a lithium strip winding channel is formed between the pressure roller and the assembly mandrel. The circular motion assembly includes a rotating body connected to the pressure roller and a drive motor that drives the rotating body to perform reciprocating circular motion around the axis of the assembly mandrel. The lifting and feeding mechanism is used to drive the assembly mandrel to lift as a whole so as to send the wound lithium strip ring into the battery steel shell to be assembled. The negative electrode lithium strip rolling device includes a rotating clamp assembly, a rotating drive mechanism, and a rolling head. The top of the rotating clamp assembly is provided with a first annular groove for positioning the battery steel shell. The rotating drive mechanism drives the rotating clamp assembly to rotate around its own axis. The rolling head is arranged above the rotating clamp assembly, and the lower end of the rolling head can extend into the inner cavity of the battery steel shell and contact the lithium strip. The rolling head has no mechanical transmission connection with the rotating drive mechanism and can be passively rotated by the friction force of the inner wall of the battery steel shell.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom film and side film assembly machine includes a bottom film and side film loading device for conveying the battery steel shell to the steel shell conveying line, a steel shell conveying line for conveying the battery steel shell along the assembly station, a bottom film assembly device arranged along the steel shell conveying line, a side film assembly device arranged downstream of the bottom film assembly device along the steel shell conveying line, and a bottom film and side film unloading device for removing the assembled battery steel shell from the conveying line. The bottom film assembly device includes a bottom film cutting mechanism with adjustable spacing and a material handling actuator for cutting the strip bottom film into individual bottom films and assembling the bottom films onto the steel shell on the steel shell conveying line with adjustable spacing. The side film assembly device includes a side film winding mechanism and a lifting drive mechanism for winding the strip side film into a ring and fitting it into the steel shell with the assembled bottom film.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom film assembly device includes a bottom film unwinding mechanism, a cutting assembly, a spacing adjustment mechanism, and a material handling actuator. The bottom film unwinding mechanism is used to convey the strip bottom film. The cutting assembly includes four sets of cutting units with synchronously adjustable spacing and a driving device. The spacing adjustment mechanism is mechanically connected to the four sets of cutting units to synchronously drive the spacing change of the cutting units. The material handling actuator is located at the bottom of the cutting assembly and includes four sets of negative pressure adsorption components that are synchronously linked with the cutting units. The side film assembly device includes a side film feeding mechanism, a winding mandrel, a cutting mechanism, and a lifting drive mechanism. The side film feeding mechanism is used to convey the strip side film. The winding mandrel is located next to the side film feeding mechanism and is used to wind the strip side film around once to form an annular side film roll. The cutting mechanism is located on the side of the connection between the annular side film roll and the strip side film and is used to cut off the connection. The lifting drive mechanism is connected to the winding mandrel and is used to drive the winding mandrel to move up and down.

[0011] Preferably, the positive electrode assembly machine includes a positive electrode steel shell feeding device, a positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device, and a positive electrode steel shell unloading device. The positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device includes a first feeding module, a second feeding module, a guiding channel, a fixed volume material cup, a precision weighing device, a collection weighing hopper, a steel shell support platform, and a compaction mechanism. The guiding channel has a left branch inlet and a right branch inlet. The left branch inlet is connected to the output end of the first feeding module, and the right branch inlet is connected to the output end of the second feeding module. The left branch inlet and the right branch inlet converge to a common discharge port. The fixed volume material cup is located at the outlet of the first feeding module and is used to accommodate a first-level quantity of positive electrode particles. The precision weighing device is located at the outlet of the first feeding module. The outlet of the second feeding module is used to accurately weigh the second-order positive electrode particles; the collection weighing hopper is located directly below the common discharge port of the guiding channel, used to receive and weigh the positive electrode particles from the fixed volume material cup or the precision weighing device, and to load the weighed positive electrode particles into the steel shell located below it; the steel shell support platform is located below the collection weighing hopper, used to support the steel shell; the compaction mechanism is connected to the steel shell support platform, driving the steel shell support platform to rise and fall vertically; wherein, when the steel shell support platform is driven to rise by the compaction mechanism, the steel shell supported on it abuts against the discharge nozzle of the collection weighing hopper and is squeezed as the steel shell support platform continues to rise, so as to compact the positive electrode particles loaded into the steel shell.

[0012] Preferably, the cover assembly machine includes a cover assembly steel shell feeding device for providing cover body workpieces, a cover body concentric punching device for punching concentric holes in the cover body workpieces, a cover assembly and steel shell welding device for welding the punched cover assembly to the steel shell, a conveyor line for transferring workpieces between workstations, a robot arm for handling workpieces, and a cover assembly steel shell unloading device for outputting finished products; the cover assembly and steel shell welding device includes an annular gas protection fixture, which provides inert gas protection to the weld area between the steel shell and the cover assembly during welding; the cover assembly steel shell feeding device, the cover body concentric punching device, the cover assembly and steel shell welding device, and the cover assembly steel shell unloading device are connected and arranged in sequence according to the processing flow through the conveyor line and / or the robot arm.

[0013] Preferably, the concentric punching device for the cover includes an upper clamping block and a lower clamping block arranged opposite to each other to form a workpiece clamping area, a clamping actuator connecting the upper clamping block and / or the lower clamping block to drive them to open and close relative to each other, a small-diameter punch axially slidably fitted to the upper clamping block, a large-diameter punch axially slidably disposed below the lower clamping block, a small-diameter punch driving unit driving the small-diameter punch downward, and a large-diameter punch driving unit driving the large-diameter punch upward; the large-diameter punch has a coaxial guide cavity inside, the diameter of the small-diameter punch is smaller than the inner diameter of the coaxial guide cavity, and the lower section of the small-diameter punch can be axially inserted into the coaxial guide cavity to form a rigid guide fit.

[0014] Preferably, the annular gas protection fixture includes: an annular fixture body with an inner ring for fixing the steel shell; an annular gas distribution cavity opened inside the fixture body and extending around its annular direction; and a gas nozzle annular slit provided on the distribution cavity, the nozzle annular slit surrounding the inner ring of the fixture, and the nozzle position being directly opposite the weld joint area between the steel shell and the cover assembly in the inner ring of the fixture.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid injection machine includes a liquid injection steel shell feeding device, a liquid supply system, a liquid injection execution system, and a liquid injection steel shell unloading device. The liquid injection execution system includes an injection head, pipelines, and a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism includes a clamp body, the top of which is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the steel shell; a second annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the middle part of the clamping groove; an elastic element is embedded in the second annular groove, and the elastic element protrudes from the second annular groove to make an interference fit with the steel shell; an ejection hole penetrating the clamp body is provided at the bottom center of the clamping groove; a liftable push rod is provided directly below the ejection hole, and the axis of the push rod coincides with the axis of the ejection hole.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0017] This production line achieves a significant improvement in production efficiency through systematic integration and collaborative control design in the following aspects:

[0018] 1. Continuous operation throughout the entire process: Through a combination of a central conveyor line and robotic arms, seamless connections are achieved between the negative electrode winding and assembly, the synchronous assembly of the bottom / side film, the multi-stage weighing and pressing of the positive electrode, the punching and welding of the cover assembly, and the liquid injection process, eliminating material waiting time between processes. Dynamic timing coordination of each unit based on the central controller ensures synchronization of actions under high-speed operation, significantly improving the overall production cycle time.

[0019] 2. Optimized Flexible Changeover Capability: The bottom film assembly adopts a synchronously adjustable cutting mechanism and a linked material handling actuator. Multiple cutting unit spacings are adjusted synchronously via a single command to adapt to the bottom film cutting requirements of steel shells with different diameters. No hardware module replacement is required during the changeover process. The adjustable roller spacing mechanism and temperature control module of the negative electrode winding device support rapid parameter switching for different specifications of lithium strips.

[0020] 3. Key Process Efficiency Breakthroughs: Integrated negative electrode assembly: The lifting and feeding mechanism of the winding device directly feeds the formed lithium strip ring into the steel shell. Combined with the passive rotation compaction design of the rolling device, winding and compaction are completed in situ, reducing the time-consuming secondary positioning in traditional processes. Highly Efficient Positive Electrode Filling: A parallel channel for coarse metering in a fixed-volume material cup and precision weighing and adjustment shares a common material collection and weighing hopper. This combined coarse and fine metering strategy ensures both filling speed and weight accuracy. The integrated compaction mechanism and weighing hopper enable immediate compaction after filling, shortening the process cycle. Guaranteed Cap Assembly Welding Quality: An annular gas protection fixture forms a uniform inert gas curtain through continuous annular seams, suppressing welding oxidation defects and reducing rework rates. The coaxial guiding structure of the double punches in the concentric punching device improves punching accuracy and reduces the risk of subsequent assembly failures.

[0021] 4. Enhanced Reliability Design: The liquid injection positioning mechanism employs a combination of elastic clamping grooves and ejector rods. The interference fit provides gentle clamping force to prevent steel shell deformation, and the ejector mechanism effectively prevents workpiece adhesion after liquid injection. The positive electrode compaction mechanism drives the steel shell to actively rise and compress the weighing hopper nozzle, ensuring uniform particle density and reducing battery performance dispersion.

[0022] The aforementioned technical features work synergistically to form an efficient and flexible continuous production system. The entire line, through modular device integration and central control optimization, significantly reduces the production cycle for individual units while simultaneously supporting rapid switching between multiple battery specifications, providing reliable support for large-scale manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a negative electrode generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of region A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of region B in the middle.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a negative electrode lithium strip rolling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of region C in the middle.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a bottom film and side film assembly machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a bottom film assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a side membrane assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a positive electrode assembly machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-stage weighing and pressing device for positive electrode particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a plan view of a multi-stage weighing and pressing device for positive electrode particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of a protective cover assembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of a cover assembly machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of a concentric punching device for the cover body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the core component of the concentric punching device for the cover body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 19 This is a structural diagram of an annular gas protection fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the core component of an annular gas protection fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 21 This is a structural diagram of a liquid injection machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 22This is a structural diagram of a steel shell clamping and ejection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 23 This is a structural diagram of the steel shell clamping and ejection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0047] Figure 24 This is a top-view structural diagram of a steel shell clamping and ejection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 25 for Figure 4 A magnified view of region D in the middle.

[0049] Figure 26 for Figure 5 A magnified view of region E in the middle.

[0050] Labeling explanation: 01 Battery steel casing, 02 Lithium strip.

[0051] 10000 Negative electrode assembly, 11000 Winding assembly device, 11100 Mandrel, 11200 Pressure roller, 11300 Circular motion assembly, 11310 Rotating body, 11311 Rotating arm, 11320 Drive motor, 11340 Pressing motor, 11400 Lifting and feeding mechanism, 11410 Linear guide rail, 11420 Servo motor, 11500 Lithium strip cutting unit, 11510 Cutting blade, 11520 Cutting blade cylinder, 11600 Lithium strip unwinding system. 11610 Unwinding Roller, 11620 Guide Roller Assembly, 12000 Rolling Device, 12100 Rotary Clamp Assembly, 12110 First Annular Groove, 12200 Rotary Drive Mechanism, 12400 Rolling Head, 12410 Rotary Support Component, 13000 Negative Electrode Steel Shell Feeding Device, 13100 Linear Feeding Track, 13200 Pneumatic Manipulator, 14000 Negative Electrode Steel Shell Unloading Device, 14100 Rotary Grippers, 14200 Translation Slide Table, 14300 Drying Oven.

[0052] 20000 Bottom film and side film assembly machine, 21000 Bottom film assembly device, 21100 Bottom film unwinding mechanism, 21200 Cutting assembly, 21210 Cutting unit, 21300 Spacing adjustment mechanism, 21310 Linear slide rail assembly, 21320 Pneumatic piston mechanism, 21400 Material handling actuator, 21410 Negative pressure adsorption assembly, 22000 Side film assembly device, 22100 Side film feeding mechanism, 22110 Unwinding roller, 22120 Tensioning Roller, 22200 winding mandrel, 22300 cutting mechanism, 22310 drive cylinder, 22320 cutter, 22400 lifting drive mechanism, 22410 linear actuator, 22420 support frame, 23000 side and bottom film steel shell feeding device, 23100 linear feeding track, 23200 pneumatic manipulator, 24000 side and bottom film steel shell unloading device, 24100 rotary gripper, 24200 translation slide, 25000 steel shell conveyor line.

[0053] 30000 Positive electrode assembly machine, 30100 Positive electrode steel shell feeding device, 30200 Positive electrode granule multi-stage weighing and pressing device, 30210 First feeding module, 30220 Second feeding module, 30230 Guide channel, 30240 Fixed volume material cup, 30250 Precision weighing device, 30260 Collecting weighing hopper, 30270 Steel shell support platform, 30280 Compaction mechanism, 30300 Positive electrode steel shell unloading device, 30400 Protective cover assembly device, 30410 Protective cover feeding assembly, 30420 Protective cover cutting assembly, 30430 Protective cover variable pitch installation assembly.

[0054] 40000 Cap assembly machine, 41000 Cap body concentric punching device, 41100 Upper clamping block, 41110 Upper guide channel, 41200 Lower clamping block, 41210 Lower guide channel, 41300 Small diameter punch, 41310 Spherical transition structure, 41400 Large diameter punch, 41410 Coaxial guide cavity, 41411 Conical guide surface, 41420 Annular punching blade, 41500 Small diameter punch drive unit, 41600 Large diameter punch drive unit, 42000 Annular gas protection fixture, 42100 Fixture body, 42110 Gas interface, 42200 Annular gas distribution cavity, 42300 Gas nozzle circumferential seam, 43000 Cap assembly steel shell feeding device, 44000 Cap assembly steel shell unloading device, 45000 Conveyor line, 46000 Robotic arm, 47000 Welding device.

[0055] 50000 Liquid Injection Machine, 51000 Positioning Mechanism, 51100 Clamp Body, 51110 Clamping Groove, 51120 Second Annular Groove, 51121 Limiting Protrusion, 51130 Ejection Hole, 51140 Positioning Step, 51200 Steel Shell, 51300 Elastic Component, 51310 Slot, 51400 Push Rod, 51500 Return Spring, 51600 Cylinder, 51610 Pushing Block, 52000 Liquid Injection Steel Shell Feeding Device, 53000 Liquid Injection Steel Shell Unloading Device. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0057] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0059] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0060] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] This embodiment provides a high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries, including a negative electrode machine 10000, a bottom film and side film assembly machine 20000, a positive electrode assembly machine 30000, a cover assembly machine 40000, and a liquid injection machine 50000, which are sequentially connected along the process flow and transport battery steel shells 01 via a central conveyor line and / or a robotic arm. The negative electrode machine 10000 includes a lithium strip winding and assembly device 11000 and a rolling device 12000. The winding and assembly device 11000 has a circular motion component 11300 that drives the pressure roller 11200 to reciprocate at high speed around the mandrel 11100 and a lifting and feeding mechanism 11400. The bottom film and side film assembly machine 20000 includes a spacing synchronization mechanism for high-speed adaptation of battery specifications. The bottom film cutting mechanism 21200 and the material handling actuator 21400 are included; the positive electrode assembly machine 30000 includes a multi-stage weighing and pressing device 30200 for positive electrode particles, which has a coarse metering channel of a fixed volume material cup 30240 and a fine adjustment channel of a precision weighing device 30250 connected in parallel, and shares a material collection weighing hopper 30260 and a compaction mechanism 30280; the cap assembly machine 40000 includes a cap body concentric punching device 41000 and a welding device 47000 with an annular gas protection tool 42000; the liquid injection machine 50000 includes a positioning mechanism 51000 with an elastic clamping groove 51110 and a top rod 51400; the entire line is coordinated by a central controller to achieve high-speed continuous production.

[0062] The production line is designed to integrate multiple specialized devices and automate the transfer of the battery steel casing 01 via a central conveyor line 45000 or a robotic arm 46000, reducing manual intervention and material handling time, thereby improving overall production efficiency. The lithium strip winding and assembly device 11000 in the negative electrode machine 10000 is equipped with a circular motion component 11300 and a lifting and feeding mechanism 11400, enabling rapid winding and precise positioning of the lithium strip 02, ensuring the stability and consistency of the negative electrode assembly process. Simultaneously, the compaction device 12000 enhances the bonding strength between the lithium strip 02 and the steel casing 01 through mechanical compaction, avoiding errors that may arise from traditional manual operation. The bottom film and electrode film assembly machine 20000 employs a synchronously adjustable bottom film cutting mechanism 21200 and a material handling actuator 21400, which can dynamically adjust the cutting spacing according to different battery specifications, enhancing the flexibility of the production line, reducing changeover time, and supporting the needs of multi-variety, small-batch production. The positive electrode assembly machine 30000's multi-stage weighing and pressing device 30200, combined with a fixed-volume material cup 30240 for coarse metering and a precision weighing device 30250 for fine channel adjustment, achieves rapid coarse filling and fine replenishment of positive electrode particles through a shared material collection weighing hopper 30260 and compaction mechanism 30280. This effectively controls particle filling accuracy and reduces material waste. Simultaneously, the compaction mechanism 30280 ensures uniform particle density, improving battery performance consistency. The cover assembly machine 40000's cover concentric punching device 41000 ensures high precision in punching position, reducing subsequent assembly deviations. Meanwhile, the welding device 47000 with an annular gas protection fixture 42000 provides inert gas protection during welding, effectively suppressing oxidation reactions and improving weld quality and product reliability. The positioning mechanism 51000 of the liquid injection machine 50000 employs an elastic clamping groove 51110 and a push rod 51400 to gently clamp the steel shell 01 to prevent damage and quickly eject the workpiece after liquid injection, reducing the risk of equipment jamming and improving operational safety. The entire production line is centrally controlled by a controller that coordinates the timing of each device's actions, ensuring seamless connection and synchronous operation between workstations. This supports high-speed continuous production, shortening the single-piece production cycle. The modular design facilitates maintenance and fault diagnosis, enhancing system reliability and scalability. Combining these features, this production line improves automation while also ensuring flexible production and quality control, making it suitable for large-scale battery manufacturing environments.

[0063] In this embodiment, the negative electrode assembly machine 10000 includes a feeding device 13000, a negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device 11000, a negative electrode lithium strip rolling device 12000, and a discharging device 14000 arranged sequentially along the process flow direction. The feeding device 13000 conveys the battery steel shell 01; the negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device 11000 winds the lithium strip in situ inside the battery steel shell 01 to form an annular lithium strip ring; the negative electrode lithium strip rolling device 12000 compacts the annular lithium strip ring by rotational rolling; and the discharging device 14000 removes the battery steel shell 01 after negative electrode assembly. By subdividing the negative electrode assembly machine 10000 into the feeding device 13000, winding and assembly device 11000, rolling device 12000, and discharging device 14000 arranged sequentially, a streamlined operation of the negative electrode assembly process is achieved. The feeding device 13000 automatically conveys the steel shell 01, reducing manual feeding time; the winding assembly device 11000 winds the lithium strip 02 in situ, ensuring winding accuracy and positional consistency; the compaction device 12000 uses rotary compaction to compact the lithium strip 02, enhancing the density and bonding force of the negative electrode material; and the unloading device 14000 automatically removes the finished part, shortening the workpiece transfer interval. This modular layout optimizes process connections, improves assembly efficiency, and reduces the risk of operational errors.

[0064] In this embodiment, the negative electrode lithium strip winding assembly device 11000 includes: an assembly mandrel 11100; a pressure roller 11200, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the assembly mandrel 11100, forming a lithium strip 02 winding channel between the pressure roller 11200 and the assembly mandrel 11100; a circular motion assembly 11300, including a rotating body 11310 connected to the pressure roller 11200 and a drive motor 11320 that drives the rotating body 11310 to reciprocate in a circular motion around the axis of the assembly mandrel 11100; and a lifting and feeding mechanism 11400, which drives the assembly mandrel 11100 to lift as a whole so as to feed the wound lithium strip ring into the battery steel shell 01 to be assembled. The winding assembly device 11000 ensures the stability and uniformity of the lithium strip 02 winding process through the winding channel formed by the assembly mandrel 11100 and the pressure roller 11200. The circular motion component 11300 drives the rotating body 11310 in reciprocating circular motion, achieving high-speed winding of the lithium strip 02. The reciprocating design also avoids material fatigue or distortion that may occur with unidirectional rotation. The lifting and feeding mechanism 11400 raises and lowers the mandrel 11100 as a whole, directly feeding the wound lithium strip ring into the steel shell 01, reducing workpiece transfer steps and improving positioning accuracy and assembly speed. The overall structure is compact, reducing the equipment's footprint and supporting high-speed continuous production.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rotating body 11310 is connected to the drive motor 11320 via a belt. The rotating body 11310 has a rotating arm 11311, and the pressure roller 11200 is mounted on the rotating arm 11311. The belt drive connection between the drive motor 11320 and the rotating body 11310 provides smooth power transmission, reduces vibration and noise, and extends the equipment life. The rotating arm 11311 is designed to facilitate the installation and adjustment of the pressure roller 11200, enhances structural rigidity and motion stability, ensures the precise relative position of the pressure roller 11200 and the mandrel 11100 during winding, avoids lithium belt 02 offset or slippage, and improves winding quality.

[0066] In this embodiment, a pressure motor 11340 and a polyurethane elastic layer are also included. The pressure motor 11340 drives the pressure roller 11200 to move closer to or away from the assembly mandrel 11100. The polyurethane elastic layer covers the surface of the pressure roller 11200. The pressure motor 11340 allows for dynamic adjustment of the distance between the pressure roller 11200 and the mandrel 11100 to accommodate lithium strips 02 of different thicknesses, enhancing the versatility of the equipment. The polyurethane elastic layer covering the surface of the pressure roller 11200 provides cushioning protection, reducing surface damage or indentations to the lithium strip 02 during the winding process, ensuring the integrity of the negative electrode material, while the elastic contact improves winding uniformity and reduces the defect rate.

[0067] In this embodiment, the negative electrode lithium strip winding assembly device 11000 further includes a lithium strip cutting unit 11500, which is disposed on the radial feeding side of the assembly mandrel 11100 and includes a cutting blade 11510, a cutting blade cylinder 11520, and a cutting control module. The cutting control module includes a photoelectric sensor and a controller electrically connected to the cutting blade cylinder 11520. The lithium strip cutting unit 11500, disposed on the feeding side of the mandrel 11100, enables immediate cutting after winding, reducing additional processing time. The photoelectric sensor detects the position of the lithium strip 02, and the controller activates the cutting blade cylinder 11520 to ensure accurate cutting length and timing, avoiding material waste or misalignment. Automated cutting improves production continuity and reduces the need for manual intervention.

[0068] In this embodiment, the lifting and feeding mechanism 11400 further includes a linear guide rail 11410 and a servo motor 11420 that drives the assembly spindle 11100 to move up and down along the guide rail; it also includes a pneumatic push rod, the output end of which is provided with a lithium strip positioning suction cup, the suction cup being positioned facing the surface of the assembly spindle 11100; the surface of the assembly spindle 11100 is provided with staggered hemispherical protrusions; it also includes a lithium strip unwinding system 11600, which includes an unwinding roller 11610, a guide roller group 11620, and a tension detection roller. The linear guide rail 11410 and the servo motor 11420 drive the lifting and lowering, ensuring the smooth and precise positioning of the lifting and lowering movement of the spindle 11100. The pneumatic push rod cooperates with the lithium strip positioning suction cup to help fix the starting end of the lithium strip 02 and prevent slippage during winding. The hemispherical protrusions on the surface of the spindle 11100 increase the gripping force of the lithium strip 02 and improve the winding stability. The unwinding system 11600 includes a guide roller group 11620 and a tension detection roller, which realizes tension control and path guidance during the unwinding process of lithium strip 02, reduces the risk of material relaxation or breakage, and optimizes the winding quality.

[0069] In this embodiment, the negative electrode lithium strip crushing device 12000 includes: a rotating clamp assembly 12100, the top of which is provided with a first annular groove 12110 for positioning the battery steel shell 01; a rotating drive mechanism 12200 for driving the rotating clamp assembly 12100 to rotate around its own axis; and a crushing head 12400 disposed above the rotating clamp assembly 12100, the lower end of which can extend into the inner cavity of the battery steel shell 01 and contact the lithium strip 02; the crushing head 12400 has no mechanical transmission connection with the rotating drive mechanism 12200 and can be passively rotated by the friction force of the inner wall of the battery steel shell 01. The first annular groove 12110 of the rotating clamp assembly 12100 ensures stable positioning of the steel shell 01, the rotating drive mechanism 12200 drives the steel shell 01 to rotate, and the passive rotation design of the crushing head 12400 reduces mechanical complexity and avoids vibration or wear that may be caused by active driving. The compaction head 12400 rotates adaptively via the friction of the inner wall of the steel shell 01, ensuring uniform distribution of compaction pressure, improving compaction effect and density of the lithium strip 02, while reducing equipment energy consumption. In this embodiment, the compaction head 12400 is connected to the output end of the pressure actuator via a rotating support 12410; the pressure actuator is a linear power source, and its direction of movement is parallel to the axis of the compaction head 12400; the working end face of the compaction head 12400 is a curved compaction structure; the compaction head 12400 integrates a temperature control module. The rotating support 12410 allows the compaction head 12400 to rotate freely, and in conjunction with the linear pressure actuator, provides axial pressure without restricting rotation, ensuring smooth compaction. The curved compaction structure increases the contact area, making the pressure distribution more uniform and reducing the risk of local overpressure. The temperature control module can adjust the compaction temperature, optimize the plastic deformation of the lithium strip 02, improve compaction quality, and adapt to different material properties.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first annular groove 12110 is circumferentially provided with at least three radially adjustable clamping blocks; a first height adjustment mechanism is provided between the rotating clamp assembly 12100 and the frame; and a clamping force detection unit is provided at the bottom of the first annular groove 12110. The radially adjustable clamping blocks are adapted to steel shells 01 of different diameters, enhancing the equipment's versatility. The height adjustment mechanism facilitates adjustment of the clamp position, ensuring alignment with the rolling head 12400. The clamping force detection unit monitors the clamping status in real time, preventing over-tightening or loosening, improving operational safety and assembly accuracy, and reducing the risk of workpiece damage. In this embodiment, the negative electrode steel shell feeding device 13000 includes a linear feeding track 13100 and a pneumatic manipulator 13200, and the negative electrode steel shell unloading device 14000 includes a rotating gripper 14100, a translational slide 14200, and a drying chamber 14300. The linear feeding track 13100 and pneumatic manipulator 13200 enable automatic loading of the steel shell 01, reducing manual operation time. The rotary gripper 14100 and translation slide 14200 unloading system provide smooth workpiece transfer, and the drying oven 14300 is integrated into the unloading process to promptly handle assembly parts, improving production efficiency and product consistency.

[0071] In this embodiment, the bottom film and side film assembly machine 20000 includes a feeding device 23000 for conveying the battery steel shell 01 to the steel shell conveying line 25000, a steel shell conveying pole 25000 for conveying the battery steel shell 01 along the assembly station, a bottom film assembly device 21000 arranged along the steel shell conveying line 25000, a side film assembly device 22000 arranged downstream of the bottom film assembly device 21000 along the steel shell conveying line 25000, and a device for conveying the assembled battery steel shell 01 to the assembly station. The conveyor line includes a material unloading device 24000 and a bottom film assembly device 21000, which includes a bottom film cutting mechanism 21200 with adjustable spacing and a material handling actuator 21400. These devices cut the strip-shaped bottom film into individual bottom films and assemble them onto the steel shell 01 on the steel shell conveyor line 25000 with adjustable spacing. The side film assembly device 22000 includes a side film winding mechanism and a lifting drive mechanism 22400, which winds the strip-shaped side film into a ring and inserts it into the steel shell 01 with the assembled bottom film. By connecting the bottom film assembly device 21000 and the side film assembly device 22000 in series via the steel shell conveyor line 25000, continuous assembly operation is achieved. The adjustable-spacing bottom film cutting mechanism 21200 supports rapid switching between different battery specifications, reducing changeover time. The material handling actuator 21400 synchronously assembles the bottom film, ensuring positional accuracy. The edge film winding mechanism, in conjunction with the 22400 lifting drive mechanism, automates the edge film winding and insertion, improving assembly efficiency and consistency. The overall layout optimizes process flow and shortens the production cycle.

[0072] In this embodiment, the bottom film assembly device 21000 includes: a bottom film unwinding mechanism 21100 for conveying a strip of bottom film; a cutting assembly 21200 including four sets of cutting units 21210 with synchronously adjustable spacing and a driving device; a spacing adjustment mechanism 21300 mechanically connected to the four sets of cutting units 21210 for synchronously driving the spacing changes of the cutting units 21210; and a material handling actuator 21400 disposed at the bottom of the cutting assembly 21200, including four sets of negative pressure adsorption components 21410 and synchronously linked with the cutting units 21210. The bottom film unwinding mechanism 21100 provides a continuous supply of strip-shaped bottom film, and the cutting assembly 21200, through the four sets of synchronously adjustable cutting units 21210, enables simultaneous cutting of multiple bottom films, improving cutting efficiency. The spacing adjustment mechanism 21300 ensures that the spacing changes of all units are consistent, adapting to different size requirements. The material handling actuator 21400 is linked with the cutting unit 21210, and the negative pressure adsorption component 21410 quickly grabs and assembles the bottom film, reducing material handling time and enhancing production flexibility.

[0073] In this embodiment, the spacing adjustment mechanism 21300 includes a linear slide rail assembly 21310 and a pneumatic piston mechanism 21320. Four cutting units 21210 are slidably mounted on the linear slide rail assembly 21310 via sliders. The output end of the pneumatic piston mechanism 21300 is rigidly linked to each slider. The linear slide rail assembly 21310 provides smooth guidance, and the pneumatic piston mechanism 21320 drives the sliders to move synchronously, ensuring that the spacing of all cutting units 21210 changes rapidly and consistently. The rigid linkage design avoids deviations, improves adjustment accuracy and reliability, and supports dynamic adjustments in high-speed production.

[0074] In this embodiment, the negative pressure adsorption component 21410 is directly fixed to the bottom of the base of the cutting unit 21210. Fixing the negative pressure adsorption component 21410 to the base of the cutting unit 21210 simplifies the structure and reduces moving parts. This integrated design ensures synchronization between adsorption and cutting actions, improves assembly accuracy and speed, and reduces the failure rate.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first pitch is smaller than the second pitch, and the extended stroke of the pitch adjustment mechanism 21300 covers the continuous variation range from the first pitch to the second pitch. The pitch adjustment mechanism 21300 supports continuous adjustment from the minimum to the maximum pitch, covering a wide range of battery sizes. The continuous variation design eliminates the need for discrete settings, enhancing production flexibility, reducing adjustment time, and making it suitable for multi-specification production.

[0076] In this embodiment, the edge film assembly device 22000 includes: an edge film feeding mechanism 22100 for conveying a strip of edge film; a winding mandrel 22200, disposed beside the edge film feeding mechanism 22100, for winding the strip of edge film around to form an annular edge film roll; a cutting mechanism 22300, disposed on the side of the connection between the annular edge film roll and the strip of edge film, for cutting off the connection; and a lifting drive mechanism 22400, connected to the winding mandrel 22200, for driving the winding mandrel 22200 to perform lifting and lowering movements. The edge film feeding mechanism 22100 provides a continuous strip of edge film, and the winding mandrel 22200 quickly forms an annular edge film roll, simplifying the edge film forming process. The cutting mechanism 22300 cuts off the connection in a timely manner, reducing material waste. The lifting drive mechanism 22400 moves the mandrel 22200 to directly insert the edge film roll into the steel shell 01, improving assembly efficiency and automation.

[0077] In this embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 22400 includes a linear actuator 22410 and a support frame 22420. The linear actuator 22410 is fixed on the support frame 22420, and its output end is connected to the top of the winding mandrel 22200. The support frame 22420 is provided with a lifting guide rail, and the output end of the winding mandrel 22200 or the linear actuator 22410 is slidably engaged with the lifting guide rail. The linear actuator 22410 provides stable lifting power, and the support frame 22420 and the lifting guide rail ensure vertical accuracy of the movement and prevent the mandrel 22200 from deviating. The sliding engagement design reduces frictional loss, improves lifting smoothness and positioning accuracy, and optimizes the edge film insertion action.

[0078] In this embodiment, the cutting mechanism 22300 includes a drive cylinder 22310 and a cutter 22320. The cutting edge of the cutter 22320 is positioned facing the strip-shaped side film conveying path between the winding mandrel 22200 and the side film feeding mechanism 22100. The drive cylinder 22310 drives the cutter 22320 to move rapidly, with the cutting edge directly facing the conveying path, ensuring precise cutting. The lateral positioning avoids interference with the winding process, improves cutting efficiency and reliability, and reduces damage to the side film.

[0079] In this embodiment, the edge film feeding mechanism 22100 includes an unwinding roller 22110 and at least one tensioning roller 22120. The strip-shaped edge film extends to the winding mandrel 22200 after passing sequentially around the unwinding roller 22110 and the tensioning roller 22120. The unwinding roller 22110 provides edge film supply, and the tensioning roller 22120 controls material tension to prevent slack or over-tightening. The path design ensures that the edge film is smoothly conveyed to the winding mandrel 22200, improving winding quality and reducing the risk of breakage.

[0080] In this embodiment, the side and bottom film steel shell feeding device 23000 includes a linear feeding track 23100 and a pneumatic manipulator 23200, while the side and bottom film steel shell unloading device 24000 includes a rotary gripper 24100 and a translational slide 24200. The linear feeding track 23100 and the pneumatic manipulator 23200 enable automatic feeding of the steel shell 01, while the rotary gripper 24100 and translational slide 24200 unloading system provide efficient workpiece transfer. The automated design reduces manual operation and improves production continuity and efficiency.

[0081] In this embodiment, the positive electrode assembly machine 30000 includes a positive electrode steel shell feeding device 30100, a positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device 30200, and a positive electrode steel shell unloading device 30300. The positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device 30200 includes: a first feeding module 30210; a second feeding module 30220; a guiding channel 30230 with a left branch inlet and a right branch inlet, the left branch inlet being connected to the output end of the first feeding module 30210, the right branch inlet being connected to the output end of the second feeding module 30220, and the left and right branch inlets converging at a common discharge port; a fixed volume material cup 30240, located at the outlet of the first feeding module 30210, for containing a first-level quantity of positive electrode particles; and a precision weighing device 30250, located at the outlet of the second feeding module 30220, for accurately weighing... The second-order positive electrode particles are weighed; the aggregate weighing hopper 30260, located directly below the common discharge port of the guide channel 30230, is used to receive and weigh the positive electrode particles from the fixed volume material cup 30240 or the precision weighing device 30250, and load the weighed positive electrode particles into the steel shell 01 located below it; the steel shell support platform 30270, located below the aggregate weighing hopper 30260, is used to support the steel shell 01; the compaction mechanism 30280 is in contact with the steel shell support platform 30270 and drives the steel shell support platform 30270 to rise vertically; wherein, when the steel shell support platform 30270 is driven to rise by the compaction mechanism 30280, the steel shell 01 supported on it abuts against the discharge nozzle of the aggregate weighing hopper 30260 and is squeezed as the steel shell support platform 30270 continues to rise, so as to compact the positive electrode particles loaded into the steel shell 01. The multi-stage weighing and compaction device 30200 achieves rapid coarse filling and fine replenishment through parallel fixed-volume material cups 30240 for coarse metering and precision weighing devices 30250 for fine-tuning, combined with the confluence of the material guide channel 30230, thus improving filling efficiency. The fixed-volume material cups 30240 provide high-speed coarse metering, while the precision weighing devices 30250 ensure weight accuracy and reduce material errors. The collection and weighing hopper 30260 uniformly receives and weighs the particles, which are then loaded into the steel shell 01. The compaction mechanism 30280 directly drives the support platform 30270 to rise and compact the particles. This high level of integration reduces transfer steps and improves compaction uniformity and battery performance consistency. The overall design supports high-speed continuous production.

[0082] In this embodiment, the fixed-volume material cup 30240 has a constant volume, and the feeding amount is controlled by vibration filling the cup. The fixed-volume material cup 30240 adopts a constant volume design, and the vibration filling method ensures that the feeding amount is consistent each time, simplifying the control logic. The vibration filling method reduces particle voids, improves coarse metering accuracy and speed, and is suitable for high-speed production lines.

[0083] In this embodiment, the precision weighing device 30250 includes a weighing component and a movable weighing hopper. The weighing hopper reciprocates between the outlet of the second feeding module 30220 and the right branch inlet of the guide channel 30230. The reciprocating motion of the movable weighing hopper between the feeding outlet and the guide inlet achieves separation of weighing and feeding, reducing interference. The weighing component ensures accurate fine-tuning of the weight, improves filling accuracy, and the reciprocating design optimizes space utilization.

[0084] In this embodiment, the compaction mechanism 30280 is driven to rise and fall by a power actuator. The power actuator drives the compaction mechanism 30280 to rise and fall, providing stable and controllable compaction force. Directly raising and lowering the steel shell support platform 30270 to compact the particles ensures uniform pressure, improves density consistency, and reduces equipment complexity. In this embodiment, the output end of the first feeding module 30210 is only connected to the fixed-volume material cup 30240. The first feeding module 30210 is dedicated to the fixed-volume material cup 30240, simplifying the feeding path and avoiding cross-contamination. The independent channel design improves the efficiency and reliability of coarse metering and reduces potential failure points. In this embodiment, the output end of the second feeding module 30220 is only connected to the precision weighing device 30250. The second feeding module 30220 is dedicated to the precision weighing device 30250, ensuring the purity and accuracy of the fine-tuning channel. Independent supply reduces interference and improves weighing accuracy and filling quality. In this embodiment, the left branch inlet of the material guide channel 30230 connects to the fixed volume material cup 30240, and the right branch inlet of the material guide channel 30230 connects to the weighing hopper of the precision weighing device 30250. The direct connection of the left branch inlet of the material guide channel 30230 to the fixed volume material cup 30240 and the right branch inlet to the weighing hopper achieves the convergence and integration of coarse and fine particles. This design ensures smooth entry of particles into the collection and weighing hopper 30260, reducing the risk of blockage and improving feeding efficiency. In this embodiment, a controllable valve is provided at the bottom of the weighing hopper. The controllable valve at the bottom of the weighing hopper allows for precise control of the release timing and flow rate of the fine-tuned particles. The valve design prevents particle leakage or premature drop, ensuring weighing accuracy and filling consistency. In this embodiment, the compaction mechanism 30280 drives the steel shell support platform 30270 to rise for compaction, which is performed after each loading and unloading of positive electrode particles by the collection and weighing hopper 30260. The compaction process is performed immediately after loading and unloading, achieving seamless process continuity. Optimized compaction equipment reduces waiting time, improves production continuity, and ensures that the particles are compacted in a fresh state, enhancing the density effect.

[0085] In this embodiment, a protective cover assembly device 30400 is also included. The protective cover assembly device 30400 includes a protective cover feeding assembly 30410, a protective cover cutting assembly 30420, and a protective cover variable-pitch mounting assembly 30430, used to install the cut protective cover onto the steel shell 01 where the positive electrode particles have been compacted. The protective cover assembly device 30400 integrates the feeding assembly 30410, the cutting assembly 30420, and the variable-pitch mounting assembly 30430, automating the assembly of the protective cover. The variable-pitch mounting assembly 30430 adapts to different steel shell 01 sizes, and the cutting assembly 30420 ensures accurate protective cover dimensions. The overall design expands assembly functionality and improves product integrity and protection. In this embodiment, the cover assembly machine 40000 includes: a cover assembly steel shell feeding device 43000 for providing cover body workpieces; a cover body concentric punching device 41000 for punching concentric holes in the cover body workpieces; a cover assembly and steel shell welding device 47000 for welding the punched cover assembly to the steel shell 01; a conveyor line 45000 for conveying workpieces between workstations; a robot arm 46000 for handling workpieces; and a unloading device 44000 for outputting finished products. The cover assembly and steel shell welding device 47000 includes an annular gas shielding fixture 42000, which provides inert gas protection to the weld area between the steel shell 01 and the cover assembly during welding. The cover assembly steel shell loading device 43000, the cover body concentric punching device 41000, the cover assembly and steel shell welding device 47000, and the unloading device 44000 are connected and arranged in the processing sequence via a conveyor line 45000 and / or a robotic arm 46000. This cover assembly machine 40000 connects each station in series via the conveyor line 45000 or the robotic arm 46000, realizing automated assembly line operations for cover body punching, welding, and unloading. The cover body concentric punching device 41000 ensures hole position accuracy, providing a foundation for welding. The welding device 47000 is equipped with the annular gas shielding fixture 42000, which provides inert gas protection during welding, inhibits oxidation, and improves weld quality and product lifespan. The overall layout optimizes the workflow, reduces manual intervention, and supports high-speed production.

[0086] In this embodiment, the concentric punching device 41000 for the cover body includes: an upper clamping block 41100 and a lower clamping block 41200 arranged opposite to each other to form a workpiece clamping area; a clamping actuator connecting the upper clamping block 41100 and / or the lower clamping block 41200 to drive them to open and close relative to each other; a small-diameter punch 41300 axially slidably fitted to the upper clamping block 41100; and a large-diameter punch 41400 axially slidably disposed below the lower clamping block 41200. A large-diameter punch 41400 has a coaxial guide cavity 41410 inside; a small-diameter punch drive unit 41500 drives the small-diameter punch 41300 downward; a large-diameter punch drive unit 41600 drives the large-diameter punch 41400 upward; wherein, the diameter of the small-diameter punch 41300 is smaller than the inner diameter of the coaxial guide cavity 41410, and the lower section of the small-diameter punch 41300 can be axially inserted into the coaxial guide cavity 41410 to form a rigid guide fit. The upper clamping block 41100 and the lower clamping block 41200 constitute the clamping area, and the clamping actuator ensures that the workpiece is fixed and stable. The small-diameter punch 41300 and the coaxial guide cavity 41410 of the large-diameter punch 41400 form a rigid fit, providing high-precision guidance and avoiding punching deviation. The small-diameter punch drive unit 41500 and the large-diameter punch drive unit 41600 are independently controlled to achieve step-by-step punching, ensuring hole concentricity and dimensional accuracy, and reducing scrap rate. In this embodiment, the cover concentric punching device 41000 further includes: an upper guide channel 41110 that passes through the upper clamping block 41100, in which the small-diameter punch 41300 is axially slidably fitted; and a lower guide channel 41210 that passes through the lower clamping block 41200 and coincides with the axis of the upper guide channel 41110; wherein, the inner wall of the coaxial guide cavity 41410 and the outer wall of the small-diameter punch 41300 form a sliding guide pair, the upper guide channel 41110 and the lower guide channel 41210 have the same diameter, which is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter punch 41300, and the diameter of the lower guide channel 41210 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the large-diameter punch 41400. The upper guide channel 41110 and the lower guide channel 41210 provide sliding paths for the small-diameter punch 41300 and the large-diameter punch 41400, ensuring that the motion axes coincide. The guide pair design enhances the stability and accuracy of the punching process. Hole diameter matching avoids interference, allows the punch to move freely, and improves punching quality and equipment durability.

[0087] In this embodiment, the small-diameter punch drive unit 41500 is a hydraulic cylinder or a servo electric push rod, and the large-diameter punch drive unit 41600 is a hydraulic cylinder or a servo electric push rod. The clamping actuator is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder or servo electric push rod, as the drive unit, provides high-precision controllable motion, ensuring stable punching force and accurate positioning. The clamping actuator, using a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, achieves rapid clamping and release, improving operational efficiency. These power source selections enhance equipment reliability and response speed. In this embodiment, the bottom end face of the small-diameter punch 41300 is a spherical transition structure 41310, and a tapered guide surface 41411 is provided at the entrance of the coaxial guide cavity 41410. The top end of the large-diameter punch 41400 is provided with an annular cutting blade 41420, the inner contour of which is coaxial with the coaxial guide cavity 41410. The spherical transition structure 41310 of the small-diameter punch 41300 reduces the impact at the start of punching, protecting the workpiece surface. The tapered guide surface 41411 facilitates the insertion of the small-diameter punch 41300 into the guide cavity 41410, ensuring centering accuracy. The annular cutting blade 41420 is coaxial with the large-diameter punch 41400, providing uniform cutting force, improving the quality of the hole edge, and reducing burrs. In this embodiment, the cover concentric punching device 41000 also includes a lateral ejection mechanism, whose output end moves horizontally and ejects the punched workpiece to the conveyor line 45000. The lateral ejection mechanism automatically removes the punched workpiece, reducing manual operation time. The horizontal movement design ensures smooth transfer of the workpiece to the conveyor line 45000, optimizing process connections and improving production continuity.

[0088] In this embodiment, the annular gas protective fixture 42000 includes: an annular fixture body 42100 with an inner ring for fixing the steel shell 01; an annular gas distribution cavity 42200 formed inside the fixture body 42100 and extending around its annular direction; and a gas nozzle annular slit 42300 disposed on the distribution cavity 42200, the nozzle annular slit 42300 surrounding the inner ring of the fixture, with the nozzle position directly facing the weld joint area between the steel shell 01 and the cover assembly in the inner ring of the fixture. The annular fixture body 42100 fixes the steel shell 01, ensuring a stable welding position. The gas distribution cavity 42200 and the nozzle annular slit 42300 provide continuous inert gas coverage, surrounding the weld area, effectively isolating air and preventing oxidation. This design improves weld uniformity and strength, enhancing product reliability. In this embodiment, the gas nozzle annular gap 42300 is a continuous annular gap of uniform width. The gas nozzle annular gap 42300 is located radially outward from the weld joint area along the tooling, forming a radial gap between them. The continuous annular gap ensures uniform gas distribution and avoids insufficient local protection. The gap's location radially outward from the weld, forming a gap, prevents direct gas impact on the weld, reduces interference, expands the protection range, and optimizes the anti-oxidation effect. In this embodiment, the tooling body 42100 is provided with an axial gas path interface 42110 communicating with the distribution chamber 42200. The gas path interface 42110 is connected to an external inert gas source. The axial gas path interface 42110 facilitates connection to an external gas source, simplifying the pipeline layout. The interface design ensures smooth gas entry into the distribution chamber 42200, providing a stable supply and improving the continuity and controllability of the protection effect.

[0089] In this embodiment, the cover assembly steel shell feeding device 43000 includes a linear feeding track and a pneumatic manipulator, and the cover assembly steel shell unloading device 44000 includes a rotary gripper and a translational slide. The linear feeding track and pneumatic manipulator realize automatic loading of the cover body, and the rotary gripper and translational slide unloading system provides efficient workpiece transfer. The automated design reduces manual operation and improves production efficiency and consistency. In this embodiment, the liquid injection machine 50000 includes a feeding device 52000, a liquid supply system, a liquid injection execution system, and an unloading device 53000. The liquid injection execution system includes an injection head, pipelines, and a positioning mechanism 51000. The positioning mechanism 51000 includes a clamping body 51100, and the top of the clamping body 51100 is provided with a clamping groove 51110 for clamping the steel shell 51200; a second ring is formed on the inner wall of the middle part of the clamping groove 51110. The positioning mechanism 51000 features a shaped groove 51120; a second annular groove 51120 houses an elastic element 51300, which protrudes from the second annular groove 51120 to provide an interference fit with the steel shell 51200; a clamping groove 51110 has an ejector hole 51130 at its bottom center, penetrating the clamp body 51100; directly below the ejector hole 51130 is a liftable push rod 51400, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the ejector hole 51130. This positioning mechanism 51000 provides a gentle clamping force through the interference fit between the clamping groove 51110 and the elastic element 51300, preventing damage to the steel shell 51200. The elastic element 51300 embedded in the second annular groove 51120 increases clamping stability. The ejector hole 51130 and push rod 51400 are designed to facilitate ejection of the workpiece after liquid injection, reducing the risk of adhesion. The overall structure is simple and reliable, improving injection accuracy and operational efficiency.

[0090] In this embodiment, the elastic element 51300 is an O-ring or a polyurethane elastic ring. The O-ring or polyurethane elastic ring provides good elasticity and wear resistance, ensuring the reliability of the clamping interference fit. These materials buffer impacts, protect the surface of the steel shell 51200, and are easy to replace and maintain. In this embodiment, the clamping groove 51110 is a cylindrical structure with an inner diameter not less than the outer diameter of the steel shell 51200. The cylindrical clamping groove 51110 has a simple structure, and its inner diameter matches the size of the steel shell 51200, facilitating quick insertion and centering of the workpiece. The design of an inner diameter not less than the outer diameter of the steel shell 51200 avoids forced compression and reduces the risk of deformation. In this embodiment, the diameter of the ejector hole 51130 is smaller than the inner diameter of the clamping groove 51110 but larger than the diameter of the ejector rod 51400. The smaller diameter of the ejector hole 51130 prevents the workpiece from falling out; its larger diameter ensures the free movement of the ejector rod. This size matching optimizes the ejection action and reduces jamming. In this embodiment, the top of the ejector rod 51400 is provided with anti-slip texture or a buffer pad. The anti-slip texture or buffer pad at the top of the ejector rod 51400 increases the friction with the workpiece and prevents slippage; the buffer pad reduces the ejection impact, protects the bottom of the steel shell 51200, and improves operational safety. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the clamping groove 51110 is provided with a positioning step 51140 surrounding the ejection hole 51130. The positioning step 51140 provides a support point for the bottom of the steel shell 51200, ensuring vertical positioning of the workpiece. The step design enhances clamping stability, prevents shaking during liquid injection, and improves injection accuracy.

[0091] In this embodiment, a return spring 51500 is sleeved at the bottom of the push rod 51400. The two ends of the return spring 51500 abut against the push rod 51400 and the clamp body 51100 respectively, driving the push rod 51400 to descend and reset. The push rod 51400 is connected to a lifting mechanism that drives its lifting and lowering. The lifting mechanism includes a cylinder 51600, and a push block 51610 is provided at the output end of the cylinder 51600. The push block 51610 is located directly below the push rod 51400 and has a clearance fit with it. A clamping block for clamping and fixing the steel shell 51200 is also provided above or to the side of the clamp body 51100. The return spring 51500 automatically drives the push rod 51400 to descend and reset, simplifying control. The cylinder 51600 and the push block 51610 of the lifting mechanism provide stable lifting force, and the clearance fit ensures smooth movement. The clamping block assists in fixing the steel shell 51200, enhancing the clamping force and preventing displacement during liquid injection. In this embodiment, the side wall of the second annular groove 51120 is provided with at least one limiting protrusion 51121, and the elastic element 51300 has a corresponding slot 51310 that engages with the limiting protrusion 51121. The engagement of the limiting protrusion 51121 and the slot 51310 prevents the elastic element 51300 from rotating or falling out of the groove, improving the reliability of the fixation. This design ensures the stability of the position of the elastic element 51300 during long-term use. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism is connected to the controller. After receiving the liquid injection completion signal, the controller drives the push rod 51400 to rise and push out the steel shell 51200. The controller, in conjunction with the lifting mechanism, automatically pushes out the steel shell 51200 after liquid injection, realizing timing control. The automated response reduces manual operation and improves production continuity and efficiency.

[0092] In this embodiment, the liquid-filled steel shell loading device 52000 includes a linear feeding track and a pneumatic manipulator, while the liquid-filled steel shell unloading device 53000 includes a rotary gripper and a translational slide. The linear feeding track and pneumatic manipulator enable automatic loading of the steel shell 51200, while the rotary gripper and translational slide unloading system provides efficient workpiece transfer. The automated design reduces manual intervention and optimizes the flow rate of the liquid-filling process.

[0093] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries, characterized in that, The system includes a negative electrode assembly machine (10000), a bottom film and side film assembly machine (20000), a positive electrode assembly machine (30000), a cover assembly machine (40000), and a liquid injection machine (50000), which are connected sequentially along the process flow and transfer the battery steel shell through a central conveyor line and / or a robotic arm. The negative electrode machine (10000) includes a lithium strip winding assembly device (11000) and a rolling device (12000). The winding assembly device (11000) has a circular motion component (11300) that drives the pressure roller (11200) to reciprocate at high speed around the mandrel (11100) and a lifting and feeding mechanism (11400). The bottom film and side film assembly machine includes a bottom film cutting mechanism with adjustable spacing for high-speed adaptation to battery specifications and a material handling actuator (21400). The positive electrode assembly machine includes a multi-stage weighing and pressing device (30200) for positive electrode particles, which has a coarse metering channel of a fixed volume material cup (30240) and a fine adjustment channel of a precision weighing device (30250) connected in parallel, and shares a material collection weighing hopper (30260) and a compaction mechanism (30280). The cover assembly machine includes a cover concentric punching device (41000) and a welding device (47000) with an annular gas protection fixture (42000). The liquid injection machine includes a positioning mechanism (51000) with an elastic clamping groove (51110) and a push rod (51400). The entire production line is coordinated by a central controller to ensure the timing of the actions of each device, enabling high-speed continuous production.

2. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative electrode machine (10000) includes a negative electrode steel shell feeding device (13000), a negative electrode lithium strip winding and assembly device (11000), a negative electrode lithium strip rolling device (12000), and a negative electrode steel shell unloading device (14000) arranged sequentially along the process flow direction. The feeding device (13000) conveys the battery steel casing; The negative electrode lithium strip winding assembly device (11000) forms an annular lithium strip ring by in-situ winding inside the battery steel shell; The negative electrode lithium strip compaction device (12000) compacts the annular lithium strip ring by rotational compaction. The feeding device (14000) removes the battery steel casing after the negative electrode assembly is completed.

3. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative electrode lithium strip winding assembly device (11000) includes: Assembly mandrel (11100); A pressure roller (11200) is arranged around the outer periphery of the assembly mandrel (11100), and a lithium strip winding channel is formed between the pressure roller (11200) and the assembly mandrel (11100); The circular motion assembly (11300) includes a rotating body (11310) connected to the pressure roller (11200) and a drive motor (11320) that drives the rotating body (11310) to reciprocate in a circular motion around the axis of the assembly mandrel (11100). The lifting and feeding mechanism (11400) is used to drive the assembly mandrel (11100) to lift as a whole so as to feed the wound lithium strip ring into the battery steel shell to be assembled. The negative electrode lithium strip rolling device (12000) includes: A rotating clamp assembly (12100) has a first annular groove (12110) on its top for positioning the battery steel casing. A rotary drive mechanism (12200) that drives the rotary clamp assembly (12100) to rotate about its own axis. The rolling head (12400) is located above the rotating clamp assembly (12100), and its lower end can extend into the inner cavity of the battery steel shell (01) and contact the lithium strip (02); The rolling head (12400) has no mechanical transmission connection with the rotary drive mechanism (12200) and can be passively rotated by the friction force of the inner wall of the battery steel shell (021).

4. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom and side film assembly machine includes a bottom and side film steel shell feeding device (23000) for conveying battery steel shells to a steel shell conveying line, a steel shell conveying line (25000) for conveying battery steel shells along an assembly station, a bottom film assembly device (21000) arranged along the steel shell conveying line (25000), a side film assembly device (22000) arranged downstream of the bottom film assembly device along the steel shell conveying line (25000), and a device for removing the assembled battery steel shells. The conveyor line includes a bottom film steel shell unloading device (24000) and a bottom film assembly device (21000), which includes a bottom film cutting mechanism with adjustable spacing and a material handling actuator (21400) for cutting the strip bottom film into individual bottom films and assembling the bottom films onto the steel shell on the steel shell conveyor line with adjustable spacing; and a side film assembly device (22000) includes a side film winding mechanism and a lifting drive mechanism (22400) for winding the strip side film into a ring and fitting it into the steel shell with the assembled bottom film.

5. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom film assembly device (21000) includes: Bottom film unwinding mechanism (21100) is used to convey strip bottom film; The cutting assembly (21200) includes four sets of cutting units (21210) with synchronously adjustable spacing and a drive device; The spacing adjustment mechanism (21300) is mechanically connected to the four sets of cutting units (21210) to synchronously drive the spacing of the cutting units to change. The material handling actuator (21400) is located at the bottom of the cutting assembly (21200), and includes four sets of negative pressure adsorption components (21410) that are synchronously linked with the cutting unit (21210). The side membrane assembly device (22000) includes: Side film feeding mechanism (22100) is used to convey strip-shaped side film; A winding mandrel (22200) is disposed next to the edge film feeding mechanism (22100) and is used to wind the strip edge film around one turn to form an annular edge film roll; A cutting mechanism (22300) is located on the side of the connection between the annular side film roll and the strip side film, and is used to cut the connection. The lifting drive mechanism (22400) is connected to the winding mandrel (22200) and is used to drive the winding mandrel (22200) to move up and down.

6. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode assembly machine includes a positive electrode steel shell feeding device (30100), a positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device (30200), and a positive electrode steel shell unloading device (30300). The positive electrode particle multi-stage weighing and pressing device (30200) includes: First feeding module (30210); Second feeding module (30220); The material guide channel (30230) has a left branch inlet and a right branch inlet. The left branch inlet is connected to the output end of the first feeding module (30210), and the right branch inlet is connected to the output end of the second feeding module (30220). The left branch inlet and the right branch inlet converge to a common discharge port. A fixed-volume material cup (30240) is provided at the outlet of the first feeding module (30210) to contain a first-order amount of positive electrode particles; A precision weighing device (30250) is located at the outlet of the second feeding module (30220) and is used to accurately weigh the second-order positive electrode particles. The material weighing hopper (30260) is located directly below the common discharge port of the material guide channel (30230). It is used to receive and weigh the positive electrode particles from the fixed volume material cup (30240) or the precision weighing device (30250), and to load the weighed positive electrode particles into the steel shell located below it. A steel shell support platform (30270) is located below the aggregate weighing hopper (30260) and is used to support the steel shell; A compaction mechanism (30280) is connected to the steel shell support platform (30270) and drives the steel shell support platform (30270) to rise vertically. When the steel shell support platform (30270) is driven to rise by the compaction mechanism (30280), the steel shell supported on it abuts against the discharge nozzle of the aggregate weighing hopper (30260) and is squeezed as the steel shell support platform (30270) continues to rise, so as to compact the positive electrode particles loaded into the steel shell.

7. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover assembly machine includes: The cover assembly steel shell feeding device (43000) is used to provide cover body workpieces; A concentric punching device for the cover body (41000) is used to punch concentric holes in the cover body workpiece; The cover assembly and steel shell welding device (47000) is used to weld the punched cover assembly to the steel shell; Conveyor line (45000) is used to transfer workpieces between workstations; Robotic arm (46000) is used to move workpieces; The cover assembly steel shell unloading device (44000) is used to output the finished product; The cover assembly and steel shell welding device includes an annular gas protection fixture (42000), which is used to provide inert gas protection for the weld area between the steel shell and the cover assembly during welding. The cover assembly steel shell feeding device (43000), the cover body concentric punching device (41000), the cover assembly and steel shell welding device (47000), and the cover assembly steel shell unloading device (44000) are connected and arranged in the order of processing flow through the conveyor line (45000) and / or the robot (46000).

8. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, The concentric punching device (41000) for the cover body includes: The upper clamping block (41100) and the lower clamping block (41200) are arranged opposite to each other to form the workpiece clamping area. A clamping actuator that connects the upper clamping block (41100) and / or the lower clamping block (41200) to drive the two to open and close relative to each other; A small-diameter punch (41300) is axially slidingly fitted to the upper clamping block (41100). A large-diameter punch (41400) is axially slidably disposed below the lower clamping block (41200), and a coaxial guide cavity (41410) is formed inside the large-diameter punch (41400). Small diameter punch drive unit (41500) that drives the small diameter punch (41300) downward. Large-diameter punch drive unit (41600) that drives the large-diameter punch (41400) upward. The small-diameter punch (41300) has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the coaxial guide cavity (41410), and the lower section of the small-diameter punch (41300) can be axially inserted into the coaxial guide cavity (41410) to form a rigid guide fit.

9. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, The annular gas protection fixture (42000) includes: The inner ring is used to fix the annular tooling body (42100) of the steel shell. An annular gas distribution chamber (42200) is located inside the tooling body (42100) and extends around its annular direction. A gas nozzle annular seam (42300) is provided on the distribution cavity (42200). The nozzle annular seam (42300) surrounds the inner ring of the tooling, and the nozzle position is directly opposite the weld joint area between the steel shell and the cover assembly in the inner ring of the tooling.

10. The high-speed automated production line for cylindrical batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid injection machine includes a liquid injection steel shell feeding device (52000), a liquid supply system, a liquid injection execution system, and a liquid injection steel shell unloading device (53000). The liquid injection execution system includes an injection head, pipelines, and a positioning mechanism (51000). The positioning mechanism (51000) includes a clamp body (51100). Its characteristic is that: The top of the clamp body (51100) is provided with a clamping groove (51110) for clamping the steel shell (51200). The inner wall of the middle part of the clamping groove (51110) has a second annular groove (51120). An elastic element (51300) is embedded in the second annular groove (51120), and the elastic element (51300) protrudes from the second annular groove (51120) to make an interference fit with the steel shell (51200); The bottom center of the clamping groove (51110) is provided with an ejection hole (51130) that penetrates the clamp body (51100). A liftable push rod (51400) is provided directly below the ejector hole (51130), and the axis of the push rod (51400) coincides with the axis of the ejector hole (51130).

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