A fruit tree disease and insecticide spraying unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle, in particular to a fruit tree disease and insecticide unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises a rack, a pesticide bin fixed at the top end of the rack and a plurality of propellers fixed on one side of the rack through a robot arm, so that the fruit tree disease and insecticide unmanned aerial vehicle can ensure the camera field of view to be transparent and not be disturbed by water mist, and the remote viewing picture is clear and stable, and meanwhile, the setting of the auxiliary adding assembly can deliver the quantitative emulsion to the inside of the flow divider, after the emulsion is mixed with the pesticide in the flow divider, the surface properties of the pesticide are improved, so that when the pesticide is sprayed on the leaf surface, it can better adhere to enhance the adhesion, so that after the pesticide is applied, it is not easy to fall off due to wind blowing or leaf shaking, and when a small amount of emulsion and pesticide mixture splashes on the surface of the flexible transparent sheet, the surface tension of the mist droplets is reduced due to the effect of the emulsion, so that it is easier to be scraped off by the rubber wiping plate, avoiding the formation of stubborn residues, which not only ensures the effective adhesion of the pesticide on the leaf, but also reduces the interference on the switching wiping assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural drone technology, specifically to a drone for spraying pesticides on fruit trees. Background Technology

[0002] When operating existing drones for spraying pesticides on fruit trees, the prepared pesticide is usually injected into the pesticide tank on the drone body first. After starting the equipment, the propellers rotating around the drone body generate lift to take off. The drone uses cameras on the drone body to collect real-time data on the orchard environment and the growth status of the fruit trees, which helps the operator locate the pest and disease areas and plan the spraying route. After the drone arrives at the target area, the liquid supply device in the pesticide tank delivers the pesticide to the nozzle, which atomizes the pesticide and sprays it onto the fruit trees to complete the pest and disease control operation.

[0003] For young fruit trees, sparsely canopied fruit trees, or small-scale operations, multiple nozzles are not necessary; a single nozzle or a small number of nozzles are sufficient to meet the application needs. However, when dealing with mature, densely planted fruit trees, tall trees, or fruit trees with intertwined vines, because these types of fruit trees have thick canopies and overlapping branches and leaves, and pests and diseases are easily hidden in the inner branches and under the leaves, multiple nozzles need to be used to spray simultaneously from different directions and angles to ensure that the pesticide covers all areas of the canopy and avoid any blind spots in the control.

[0004] When multiple nozzles operate simultaneously, they generate a large amount of dense atomized pesticide. These droplets easily adhere to the lens surface of the camera. The simple cleaning structure of existing drones (such as ordinary scrapers) is difficult to effectively remove these droplets. Furthermore, the scraper can obstruct the camera's normal imaging during the scraping process, causing a blurred view and making it impossible to accurately identify pests, diseases, and the condition of the fruit trees. In addition, when the pesticide droplets sprayed by multiple nozzles come into contact with the leaves of fruit trees (especially leaves with a waxy layer), they are difficult to spread and adhere fully due to the lack of targeted auxiliary measures. Some of the pesticide will quickly roll off and be lost, failing to form an effective protective layer. Ultimately, this affects the control of pests and diseases and reduces the accuracy and efficiency of pesticide application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. The simple cleaning structure of existing drones is difficult to effectively remove these droplets, and the scraper will affect the normal imaging of the camera during scraping, causing obstruction and blurring the camera's field of vision, making it impossible to accurately identify pests, diseases and fruit tree conditions. In addition, when the pesticide droplets sprayed by multiple nozzles come into contact with the fruit tree leaves, they are difficult to spread and adhere fully due to the lack of targeted auxiliary measures. Some pesticides will quickly roll off and be lost, failing to form an effective protective layer, ultimately affecting the control effect of pests and diseases and reducing the accuracy and efficiency of pesticide application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone, comprising a frame, a pesticide tank fixed at the top of the frame, and several propellers fixed to one side of the frame via an arm. A landing gear is fixedly installed at the bottom edge of the frame, a diverter is fixedly installed at the middle of the bottom of the frame, a steering mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the diverter, and a mounting box is fixedly installed at the rotating end of the steering mechanism. A camera is fixedly installed inside the mounting box, and a camera hole is provided through the side of the mounting box near the camera. A switching wiping assembly is provided inside the mounting box, and a large gear disk is provided on one side of the mounting box. An auxiliary adding assembly and a defogging assembly are respectively provided on both sides of the large gear disk. The switching wiping assembly includes several rotating rods and a flexible transparent sheet. The rotating rods are sequentially and rotatably installed at the corners of the mounting box, and the flexible transparent sheet is fitted over the rotating rods.

[0007] Furthermore, the inside of the medicine tank is equipped with a liquid supply pump, the output end of which is connected to a connecting pipe. The output end of the connecting pipe is installed inside the distribution plate. Several electromagnetic valve pipes are installed at equal angles around the bottom of the frame. One end of each electromagnetic valve pipe is installed inside one side of the distribution plate, and the other end of each electromagnetic valve pipe is installed with a nozzle.

[0008] Furthermore, a conveying roller is fixedly installed through each of the rotating rods near the outside of the flexible transparent sheet. The outer surface of the conveying roller is in contact with the inner wall of one side of the flexible transparent sheet, and a drive motor is fixedly installed inside one side of the mounting box.

[0009] Furthermore, the output shaft of the drive motor is rotatably mounted on one side of the mounting box, and the through end of the drive motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the large gear disk. Each rotating rod has a small gear fixedly mounted on the outside of one end near the large gear disk, and one side of the small gear is meshed with one side of the large gear disk.

[0010] Furthermore, a rubber wiping plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting box near the camera hole, and one outer surface of the rubber wiping plate abuts and adheres to one outer surface of the flexible transparent sheet.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary addition component includes a first positioning block, a liquid collection cylinder, and an emulsifier storage tank. The first positioning block is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the mounting box, the liquid collection cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the first positioning block, and the emulsifier storage tank is fixedly installed on the outside of the side of the frame near the distribution plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting rod is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the large gear disk, and a limiting frame is provided on one side of the limiting rod. A limiting groove is opened through the inside of the limiting frame, and the limiting groove and the limiting rod are connected through sliding. A first piston rod is fixedly installed at the middle position of one side of the limiting frame, and the piston end of the first piston rod is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the liquid collecting cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a one-way inlet valve pipe and a one-way outlet valve pipe are fixedly installed inside the side of the liquid collection cylinder away from the limiting frame. The input end of the one-way inlet valve pipe is fixedly installed inside the side of the emulsifier storage tank, and the output end of the one-way outlet valve pipe is fixedly installed inside the side of the diverter plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the demisting assembly includes an air collecting cylinder and a second positioning block. The air collecting cylinder is disposed on the outside of the mounting box on the side away from the liquid collecting cylinder. The second positioning block is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the mounting box. One side of the second positioning block is fixedly connected to one side of the air collecting cylinder. A second piston rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the side of the limiting frame away from the first piston rod. The piston end of the second piston rod is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the air collecting cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a one-way inlet valve pipe and a one-way outlet valve pipe are fixedly installed inside the side of the air collecting cylinder away from the limiting frame. The input end of the one-way inlet valve pipe is fixedly installed inside the side of the mounting box. A fixing frame is fixedly installed on one side of the second positioning block. An air guide pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing frame. The output end of the one-way outlet valve pipe is fixedly installed inside the side of the air guide pipe. Several air blowing heads are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the side of the air guide pipe facing the camera hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. By switching the wiping component settings, the drone for spraying pesticides on fruit trees can drive the flexible transparent sheet in continuous cyclical movement. Combined with the rubber wiping plate, it can wipe the surface of the flexible transparent sheet in real time, preventing water mist from accumulating and obstructing the view, thus keeping it clean at all times. This ensures that when the camera shines through the camera hole and the flexible transparent sheet, the field of view is clear and unaffected by water mist, providing a clear and stable image for remote viewing. Simultaneously, the auxiliary addition component can deliver a measured amount of emulsion to the distribution plate. After the emulsion mixes with the pesticide in the distribution plate, it improves the surface properties of the pesticide, allowing it to adhere better to the leaf surface and enhance adhesion. This makes it less likely for the pesticide to fall off due to wind or leaf movement. Furthermore, when a small amount of the mixed emulsion splashes onto the flexible transparent sheet, the surface tension of the droplets is reduced due to the emulsion, making it easier to be scraped off by the rubber wiping plate, preventing stubborn residue. This ensures effective pesticide adhesion to the leaves while minimizing interference with the wiping component switching, allowing spraying and cleaning to work together to improve the overall operational efficiency.

[0018] 2. The heat generated by the drive motor and camera during operation raises the temperature inside the mounting box, while the outside is at a lower temperature due to the sprayed pesticide. This temperature difference easily causes moisture in the air inside the mounting box to condense into fog on the surface of the flexible transparent sheet, obstructing the view. Through the continuous operation of the defogging component, the hot air inside the mounting box is extracted, which can promptly remove the moisture it contains, reducing the total amount of moisture inside the mounting box and reducing the possibility of condensation into fog from the source. In addition, during each exhaust process, the airflow will briefly sweep the surface of the flexible transparent sheet, which can also slightly increase the temperature of the flexible transparent sheet and reduce the temperature difference between it and the inside of the mounting box, indirectly inhibiting moisture condensation. This comprehensively ensures that the camera maintains a clear view in complex pesticide application environments, providing stable support for remote observation and pesticide application control. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame and distribution plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting box and camera of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the conveyor roller and flexible transparent sheet of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the large gear disk and the limiting rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flow divider and the one-way drain valve pipe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air collecting cylinder and one-way air inlet valve pipe of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0029] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0030] 1. Frame; 2. Chemical tank; 3. Propeller; 4. Landing gear; 5. Diverter plate; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Solenoid valve pipe; 8. Nozzle; 9. Diverter; 10. Mounting box; 11. Camera; 12. Camera hole; 13. Rotating rod; 14. Conveyor roller; 15. Flexible transparent sheet; 16. Drive motor; 17. Large gear disk; 18. Small gear; 19. Rubber wiping plate; 20. Limiting rod; 21. Limiting frame; 22. First positioning block; 23. Liquid collection cylinder; 24. One-way liquid inlet valve pipe; 25. One-way liquid outlet valve pipe; 26. Emulsifier storage tank; 27. First piston rod; 28. Limiting slide groove; 29. ​​Air collection cylinder; 30. Second positioning block; 31. Second piston rod; 32. One-way air inlet valve pipe; 33. One-way air outlet valve pipe; 34. Fixing frame; 35. Air guide pipe; 36. Air blowing head. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8A fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone includes a frame 1, a pesticide tank 2 fixed to the top of the frame 1, and several propellers 3 fixed to one side of the frame 1 by a boom. A landing gear 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom edge of the frame 1. A diverter 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom of the frame 1. A steering mechanism 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the diverter 5. An installation box 10 is fixedly installed at the rotating end of the steering mechanism 9. A camera 11 is fixedly installed inside the installation box 10. A camera hole 12 is opened through the side of the installation box 10 near the camera 11. A switching wiping component is set inside the installation box 10. A large gear disk 17 is set on one side of the installation box 10. An auxiliary adding component and a defogging component are respectively set on both sides of the large gear disk 17. The switching wiping component includes several rotating rods 13 and a flexible transparent sheet 15. The several rotating rods 13 are sequentially installed through and rotate at the corner of the installation box 10. The flexible transparent sheet 15 is sleeved on the outside of the several rotating rods 13.

[0033] The inside of the medicine tank 2 is equipped with a liquid supply pump. The output end of the liquid supply pump is connected to a connecting pipe 6. The output end of the connecting pipe 6 is installed inside the distribution plate 5. Several solenoid valve pipes 7 are installed at equal angles around the bottom of the frame 1. One end of each solenoid valve pipe 7 is installed inside one side of the distribution plate 5, and the other end of each solenoid valve pipe 7 is installed with a nozzle 8.

[0034] A conveyor roller 14 is fixedly installed through the outer side of the rotating rod 13 near the flexible transparent sheet 15. The outer surface of the conveyor roller 14 is in contact with the inner wall of one side of the flexible transparent sheet 15. A drive motor 16 is fixedly installed inside one side of the mounting box 10.

[0035] The output shaft of the drive motor 16 is rotatably mounted on the outside of one side of the mounting box 10. The through end of the output shaft of the drive motor 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the large gear disk 17. A small gear 18 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the end of each rotating rod 13 near the large gear disk 17. One side of the small gear 18 is meshed with one side of the large gear disk 17.

[0036] A rubber wiping plate 19 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting box 10 near the camera hole 12. The outer surface of one side of the rubber wiping plate 19 is in contact with and adheres to the outer surface of one side of the flexible transparent sheet 15.

[0037] The auxiliary addition components include a first positioning block 22, a liquid collection cylinder 23, and an emulsifier storage tank 26. The first positioning block 22 is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the mounting box 10, the liquid collection cylinder 23 is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the first positioning block 22, and the emulsifier storage tank 26 is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the frame 1 near the distribution plate 5.

[0038] A limiting rod 20 is fixedly installed on one side of the large gear disk 17. A limiting frame 21 is provided on one side of the limiting rod 20. A limiting groove 28 is opened through the inside of the limiting frame 21. The limiting groove 28 and the limiting rod 20 are connected through sliding. A first piston rod 27 is fixedly installed at the middle position of one side of the limiting frame 21. The piston end of the first piston rod 27 is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the liquid collecting cylinder 23.

[0039] A one-way inlet valve pipe 24 and a one-way outlet valve pipe 25 are fixedly installed inside the side of the liquid collection cylinder 23 away from the limit frame 21. The input end of the one-way inlet valve pipe 24 is fixedly installed inside the side of the emulsifier storage tank 26, and the output end of the one-way outlet valve pipe 25 is fixedly installed inside the side of the diverter plate 5.

[0040] In this embodiment, before using the fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone, the prepared pesticide is injected into the pesticide tank 2, and emulsion is added to the emulsifier storage tank 26. After the preparation is completed, the equipment is started, the propeller 3 rotates to generate lift and drive the whole thing to take off. The camera 11 collects the orchard environment and fruit tree growth status in real time through the camera hole 12 and the flexible transparent sheet 15 to assist the operator in planning the spraying route.

[0041] For young fruit trees, sparsely canopied fruit trees, or small-scale operations, only some nozzles 8 need to be turned on to meet the application needs; when facing mature, densely planted fruit trees, tall trees, or fruit trees with intertwined vines, multiple nozzles 8 need to be turned on to spray simultaneously from different directions and angles to ensure that the pesticide covers all areas of the canopy. When the multi-nozzle 8 is working, the drive motor 16 is started synchronously. The output shaft of the drive motor 16 drives the large gear disk 17 to rotate. The large gear disk 17 meshes with the small gear 18 at one end of each rotating rod 13, driving the rotating rod 13 and the external conveyor roller 14 to rotate synchronously. This drives the flexible transparent sheet 15 sleeved on the outside of the conveyor roller 14 to continuously circulate. The flexible transparent sheet 15 abuts against the rubber wiping plate 19 on the inner wall of the mounting box 10, realizing real-time wiping of the surface of the flexible transparent sheet 15. This effectively avoids the water mist generated by the multi-nozzle 8 from accumulating on its surface and forming obstruction, ensuring that the camera 11 has a clear field of view. At the same time, there is always a clean transparent area corresponding to the camera hole 12 during the wiping process, which will not obstruct the imaging field of view of the camera 11, ensuring the continuity of remote viewing. This is fundamentally different from the existing ordinary scraper and has significant advantages: the existing ordinary scraper is mostly a single reciprocating structure of rigid material, which can easily directly obstruct the imaging field of view of the camera 11 during wiping, resulting in interruption of the field of view during the application of pesticides and affecting the real-time positioning of pests and diseases.

[0042] Simultaneously, when the large gear disk 17 rotates, it drives the limiting rod 20 on one side to slide within the limiting groove 28 of the limiting frame 21, pushing the limiting frame 21 to reciprocate. The limiting frame 21 drives the first piston rod 27 to reciprocate within the liquid collection cylinder 23, drawing a quantitative amount of emulsion from the emulsifier storage tank 26 through the one-way liquid inlet valve pipe 24, and then transporting the emulsion to the inside of the distribution plate 5 through the one-way liquid outlet valve pipe 25 to fully mix with the agent. The mixed agent is then transported to the nozzle 8 for atomization and spraying through the solenoid valve pipe 7. Because the emulsion improves the surface properties of the agent, it can better adhere to the leaves with the waxy layer, enhancing the adhesion ability, and making it less likely to fall off due to wind or leaf shaking after application. At the same time, the surface tension of the small amount of droplets splashed onto the surface of the flexible transparent sheet 15 after mixing is reduced under the action of the emulsion, making it easier to be scraped off by the rubber wiping plate 19, avoiding the formation of stubborn residues. This design achieves coordinated operation of cleaning and anti-fogging with pesticide enhancement by using a single drive motor 16 to synchronously switch between the wiping component and the auxiliary addition component. It solves the problems of blurry camera 11 and low pesticide adhesion rate when operating multiple nozzles on existing drones, and significantly improves the accuracy of pesticide application and the overall operation effect.

[0043] The selected emulsifier is an existing reagent (such as food-grade polysorbate), which is an adjuvant permitted in agricultural production. It does not cause phytotoxicity to fruit trees and fruits, and will not damage the chemical stability of pesticides (it does not react with fungicides or insecticides).

[0044] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 9 - Figure 10 This embodiment further describes Example 1. The demisting assembly includes an air collecting cylinder 29 and a second positioning block 30. The air collecting cylinder 29 is disposed on the outside of the mounting box 10 away from the liquid collecting cylinder 23. The second positioning block 30 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting box 10 on one side. One side of the second positioning block 30 is fixedly connected to one side of the air collecting cylinder 29. A second piston rod 31 is fixedly installed in the middle of the side of the limiting frame 21 away from the first piston rod 27. The piston end of the second piston rod 31 is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the air collecting cylinder 29.

[0045] One-way air inlet valve pipe 32 and one-way exhaust valve pipe 33 are fixedly installed inside the side of the air collecting cylinder 29 away from the limiting frame 21. The input end of the one-way air inlet valve pipe 32 is fixedly installed inside the side of the mounting box 10. A fixing frame 34 is fixedly installed on one side of the second positioning block 30. An air guide pipe 35 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing frame 34. The output end of the one-way exhaust valve pipe 33 is fixedly installed inside the side of the air guide pipe 35. Several air blowing heads 36 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the side of the air guide pipe 35 facing the camera hole 12.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the multi-nozzle 8 is operating, the drive motor 16 drives the large gear disk 17 to rotate. The limiting rod 20 on one side of the large gear disk 17 slides in the limiting groove 28 of the limiting frame 21, pushing the limiting frame 21 to reciprocate. At this time, the second piston rod 31 on the side of the limiting frame 21 away from the first piston rod 27 simultaneously performs reciprocating sliding sealing motion in the air collecting cylinder 29. When the second piston rod 31 is pulled outward, a negative pressure is formed inside the air collecting cylinder 29, and warm and humid air is drawn from the mounting box 10 through the one-way air inlet valve pipe 32. This warm and humid air is formed by the heat generated by the drive motor 16 and the camera 11. The large amount of water vapor it contains is the main reason for the condensation of fog on the flexible transparent sheet 15. When the second piston rod 31 is pushed inward, the drawn warm and humid air is delivered to the air guide pipe 35, and finally blown directionally towards the outer surface of the flexible transparent sheet 15 through the air guide pipe 35 toward several air blowing heads 36 of the camera hole 12.

[0047] This process produces multiple beneficial effects: Firstly, continuously drawing warm, humid air from the mounting box 10 reduces the total amount of moisture at the source, preventing moisture from condensing into fog on the inner side of the flexible transparent sheet 15 due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the mounting box 10. Secondly, the directional airflow from the air blower 36 disperses the fog droplets that are about to adhere to the surface of the flexible transparent sheet 15, while accelerating the evaporation of residual liquid droplets scraped off by the rubber wiping plate 19, further improving the cleaning effect. In addition, the temperature of the blown airflow is close to the temperature inside the mounting box 10, which can slightly increase the surface temperature of the flexible transparent sheet 15, reduce the temperature difference between it and the inside of the mounting box 10, and indirectly inhibit moisture precipitation. This design eliminates the need for an additional drive unit, utilizing the power of the existing drive motor 16 to achieve the defogging function. It forms a triple synergy with the mechanical wiping of the switching wiping component and the emulsion enhancement of the auxiliary addition component, completely solving the dual problems of water mist obstruction and temperature difference fogging when multiple nozzles 8 are in operation. This ensures that the camera 11 maintains a clear field of view in complex pesticide application environments, while not interfering with the normal spraying and adhesion of the pesticide, significantly improving the overall operational stability and accuracy of the equipment.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0049] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone, comprising a frame (1), a pesticide tank (2) fixed to the top of the frame (1), and a plurality of propellers (3) fixed to one side of the frame (1) by means of an arm, characterized in that: A landing gear (4) is fixedly installed at the bottom edge of the frame (1). A flow divider (5) is fixedly installed at the middle of the bottom of the frame (1). A steering gear (9) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the flow divider (5). A mounting box (10) is fixedly installed at the rotating end of the steering gear (9). A camera (11) is fixedly installed inside the mounting box (10). A camera hole (12) is opened through the side of the mounting box (10) near the camera (11). A switching wiping component is provided inside the mounting box (10). A large gear disk (17) is provided on one side of the mounting box (10). An auxiliary adding component and a defogging component are respectively provided on both sides of the large gear disk (17). The switching wiping assembly includes several rotating rods (13) and a flexible transparent sheet (15). The several rotating rods (13) are sequentially and rotatably installed at the corner of the mounting box (10), and the flexible transparent sheet (15) is sleeved on the outside of the several rotating rods (13). A drive motor (16) is fixedly installed inside one side of the mounting box (10). The output shaft of the drive motor (16) is rotatably mounted on the outside of one side of the mounting box (10). The through end of the output shaft of the drive motor (16) is fixedly connected to the middle of the large gear disk (17). Each rotating rod (13) has a small gear (18) fixedly mounted on the outside of one end near the large gear disk (17). One side of the small gear (18) is meshed with one side of the large gear disk (17). The auxiliary addition component includes a first positioning block (22), a liquid collection cylinder (23), and an emulsifier storage tank (26). A limiting rod (20) is fixedly installed on one side of the large gear disk (17). A limiting frame (21) is provided on one side of the limiting rod (20). A limiting groove (28) is opened through the inside of the limiting frame (21). The limiting groove (28) and the limiting rod (20) are connected through sliding. A first piston rod (27) is fixedly installed at the middle position of one side of the limiting frame (21). The piston end of the first piston rod (27) is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the liquid collecting cylinder (23). The demisting assembly includes an air collecting cylinder (29) and a second positioning block (30). The air collecting cylinder (29) is located on the outside of the mounting box (10) away from the liquid collecting cylinder (23). The second positioning block (30) is fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting box (10) on one side. One side of the second positioning block (30) is fixedly connected to one side of the air collecting cylinder (29). The limiting frame (21) is fixedly installed with a second piston rod (31) in the middle of the side away from the first piston rod (27). The piston end of the second piston rod (31) is slidably sealed and installed inside one side of the air collecting cylinder (29).

2. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine tank (2) is equipped with a liquid supply pump. The output end of the liquid supply pump is connected to a connecting pipe (6). The output end of the connecting pipe (6) is installed inside the distribution plate (5). Several electromagnetic valve pipes (7) are installed at equal angles around the bottom of the frame (1). One end of each electromagnetic valve pipe (7) is installed inside one side of the distribution plate (5), and the other end of each electromagnetic valve pipe (7) is installed with a nozzle (8).

3. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the rotating rods (13) has a conveying roller (14) fixedly installed through it near the outside of the flexible transparent sheet (15), and the outer surface of the conveying roller (14) is in contact with the inner wall of one side of the flexible transparent sheet (15).

4. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber wiping plate (19) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting box (10) near the camera hole (12), and the outer surface of one side of the rubber wiping plate (19) is in contact with the outer surface of one side of the flexible transparent sheet (15).

5. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning block (22) is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the mounting box (10), the liquid collection cylinder (23) is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the first positioning block (22), and the emulsifier storage tank (26) is fixedly installed on the outside of one side of the frame (1) near the distribution plate (5).

6. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid collecting cylinder (23) is fixedly installed with a one-way liquid inlet valve pipe (24) and a one-way liquid outlet valve pipe (25) through the inside of the side away from the limiting frame (21). The input end of the one-way liquid inlet valve pipe (24) is fixedly installed through the inside of the emulsifier storage tank (26), and the output end of the one-way liquid outlet valve pipe (25) is fixedly installed through the inside of the diverter plate (5).

7. The fruit tree pest and disease spraying drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air collecting cylinder (29) is fixedly installed with a one-way air inlet valve pipe (32) and a one-way air outlet valve pipe (33) through the side away from the limiting frame (21). The input end of the one-way air inlet valve pipe (32) is fixedly installed inside the side of the mounting box (10). A fixing frame (34) is fixedly installed on one side of the second positioning block (30). A guide pipe (35) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixing frame (34). The output end of the one-way air outlet valve pipe (33) is fixedly installed inside the side of the guide pipe (35). Several air blowing heads (36) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the side of the guide pipe (35) facing the camera hole (12).

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