Iron roughneck string centralizing mechanism and automated make-break device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of iron driller pipe column centering mechanism and automatic make-up and breakout device and method, belong to oilfield automatic operation under pressure make-up and breakout technical field.The mechanism includes two clamping blocks and U-shaped shell, and centering clamping mechanism, centering clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms, clamping cylinder, intermediate link and centering limit block, the upper surface or lower surface of the middle part of intermediate link is equipped with limit groove, centering limit block is inserted into limit groove, and the other end is fixed on U-shaped shell.Pipe column clamping clamping cylinder drives two clamping blocks to advance synchronously inward, intermediate link floats back and forth under the action of centering limit block, guarantee centering clamping effect.The device includes fixed base, carriage assembly, back wrench assembly, broken buckle wrench assembly, main wrench assembly and main wrench hanger assembly.The application ingeniously solves the problem of centering by centering limit block, guarantees clamping centering positioning effect;Simple structure is compact, and it occupies small space, safety is high, and pipe transportation efficiency of oil operation under pressure is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield automated pressurized operation coupling and uncoupling technology, and in particular to a steel drill string alignment mechanism and an automated coupling and uncoupling device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Live-line operations refer to a method of operating under pressure within the wellbore without venting or controlling the well, using specialized live-line operation equipment to run and pull tubing. As oilfield development deepens, the importance of reservoir protection becomes increasingly apparent, while the requirements for well control safety and environmental protection are also rising. Live-line operation technology can effectively resolve the contradictions between reservoir protection and well control safety and environmental protection.

[0003] With the increasing application of automation in live-line work, the automatic coupling / uncoupling devices used in well workover operations in China are generally modified from traditional power tongs. These devices require manual replacement of the hydraulic tongs' directional knobs during coupling / uncoupling, posing safety hazards. Furthermore, after automatic coupling / uncoupling, the device requires notch alignment, which demands a slow speed to ensure proper alignment, resulting in prolonged operation time and significantly impacting efficiency. During automatic coupling / uncoupling, the device needs to switch between high and low speed modes to improve efficiency; however, the switching process is unstable and sometimes fails to complete, affecting operational continuity.

[0004] Furthermore, the current iron drill string alignment device uses hydraulic cylinders to clamp and release two clamping blocks. However, in actual use, due to many uncertainties during the extension of the hydraulic cylinder, it is easy for the two clamping blocks to not move synchronously. That is, one clamping block moves while the other does not move, resulting in the notch not being aligned and affecting the work efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is evident that the existing automatic coupling / uncoupling devices in live oil operations still have certain shortcomings in terms of safety and efficiency, and urgently need further improvement. This application addresses these shortcomings by creating a new pipe string alignment mechanism and automated coupling / uncoupling device for iron drillers. This device cleverly solves the problem of automatic alignment when iron drillers clamp the pipe string, and features a simple structure, high sensitivity, and small size. It significantly reduces the time required for automated coupling / uncoupling operations, adapts to various pipe string diameters, improves operational efficiency and continuity, enhances operational safety, and significantly improves the efficiency of pipeline transportation in live oil operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pipe string alignment mechanism for iron drillers, which can ingeniously solve the problem of automatic alignment when iron drillers clamp pipe strings. It has a simple structure, high sensitivity, and small size. It can significantly shorten the time required for automated coupling and uncoupling operations, and can adapt to various pipe string diameters, improve work efficiency and continuity, improve work safety, and provide a significant boost to the efficiency of pipeline transportation in pressurized oil operations, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing iron driller pipe string alignment devices.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a centering mechanism for a steel drill string, comprising a U-shaped housing and two clamping blocks respectively disposed inside the U-shaped housing, and a centering clamping mechanism for driving the two clamping blocks to move relative to each other; the centering clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms, a clamping cylinder, a middle connecting rod, and a centering limit block; the clamping cylinder is a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, with the ends of its telescopic rods respectively hinged to the rear ends of the two clamping arms; the two ends of the middle connecting rod are respectively hinged to the middle parts of the two clamping arms; the front ends of the two clamping arms are respectively hinged to the relatively distal ends of the two clamping blocks, and the middle connecting rod... The middle upper or lower surface of the connecting rod is provided with a limiting groove that is aligned with the U-shaped opening direction of the U-shaped housing; the centering limiting block adopts a T-shaped structure, with its vertical end inserted into the limiting groove and its horizontal end face fixed on the upper or lower housing of the U-shaped housing. When the tubing needs to be clamped, both ends of the clamping cylinder extend, driving the rear ends of the two clamping arms to extend. Under the action of the intermediate connecting rod, the front ends of the two clamping arms drive the two clamping blocks to advance inward synchronously, and the intermediate connecting rod moves backward under the action of the centering limiting block to ensure the centering and clamping of the two clamping blocks.

[0008] In a further improvement, a linear limiting sliding mechanism is provided between the U-shaped housing and the clamping block to ensure that the two clamping blocks move relative to or away from each other along a straight line.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the present invention also provides an automated buckle-attaching device, which includes a fixed base, a slide assembly, a back clamp assembly, a buckle-breaking clamp assembly, a main clamp assembly, and a main clamp hanger assembly.

[0010] The mounting base is used to fix the device to the host platform;

[0011] The carriage assembly includes a movable carriage and a propulsion cylinder that drives the movable carriage to move back and forth relative to the fixed base;

[0012] The back clamp assembly includes a back clamp column centering mechanism, a snap clamp support, a snap clamp support ring, and a snap clamp rotating cylinder. The back clamp column centering mechanism adopts the aforementioned iron drill pipe column centering mechanism, wherein the back clamp U-shaped housing is fixed on the movable slide, and the back clamp centering limit block is located at the lower part of the back clamp intermediate connecting rod. The snap clamp support adopts an arc-shaped structure with an opening and is fixed above the U-shaped opening of the back clamp U-shaped housing. The snap clamp support ring is located on the outer periphery of the snap clamp support. One end of the snap clamp rotating cylinder is hinged to the back clamp U-shaped housing, and the other end is hinged to the outer periphery of the snap clamp support ring, for driving the snap clamp support ring to rotate around the snap clamp support.

[0013] The snap-lock pliers assembly includes a snap-lock pliers column alignment mechanism, which adopts the aforementioned iron drill pipe alignment mechanism. The snap-lock pliers U-shaped housing is fixed on the snap-lock pliers support ring, and the snap-lock pliers alignment limit block is located on the upper part of the snap-lock pliers intermediate connecting rod.

[0014] The main clamp assembly includes a main clamp pipe alignment mechanism, which adopts the aforementioned iron drill pipe alignment mechanism. The main clamp alignment limit block is located at the lower part of the middle connecting rod of the main clamp. The inner side of each main clamp clamping block is provided with two parallel friction wheels and a drive mechanism that drives the two friction wheels to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The four friction wheels on the inner side of the two main clamp clamping blocks always rotate in the same direction, which is used to drive the clamped pipe to perform the clamping or unclamping action.

[0015] The main clamp hanger assembly includes a main clamp U-shaped bracket, a guide assembly, a spring lifting cylinder assembly, and a spring tie rod assembly. A support column is provided at the upper rear end of the back clamp U-shaped housing. The main clamp U-shaped bracket is fixed to the support column by a connecting rod installed below it. The rear end of the main clamp U-shaped housing in the main clamp column centering mechanism has a clearance hole for the support column to pass through. The guide assembly includes two arc-shaped straighteners, which are positioned opposite each other at the bottom of the main clamp U-shaped bracket and can move towards or away from each other to straighten the column. Four spring lifting cylinder assemblies are respectively located at the four corners of the main clamp U-shaped bracket. The lower part of each spring lifting cylinder assembly is connected to the spring tie rod assembly, and the bottom ends of the four spring tie rod assemblies are connected to the four sides of the upper surface of the main clamp U-shaped housing, allowing the main clamp assembly to slide up and down along the support column during the buckling process to absorb some kinetic energy.

[0016] In a further improvement, the drive mechanism that drives the friction wheels to rotate in the main clamp assembly includes a hydraulic motor, a drive shaft, and two driven shafts. The two friction wheels are respectively mounted on the two driven shafts, and each of the two driven shafts has a transmission gear at its bottom. Both transmission gears mesh with the bottom gear of the drive shaft. The upper end of the drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor. Under the action of the hydraulic motor, the two friction wheels rotate synchronously and in the same direction.

[0017] Further improvements include the use of matching groove structures on the outer surfaces of the two friction wheels arranged side by side, and the application of a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant coating on the outer surfaces of the friction wheels.

[0018] In a further improvement, the two arc-shaped centralizers are respectively moved towards each other or away from each other by telescopic hydraulic cylinders.

[0019] Further improvements include a control mechanism that enables the slide assembly, back clamp assembly, snap clamp assembly, main clamp assembly, and main clamp hanger assembly to cooperate in performing the snap-on / unscrew action.

[0020] As another improvement of the present invention, the present invention also provides an automated coupling / uncoupling method, which uses the above-mentioned automated coupling / uncoupling device to realize the coupling / uncoupling action of the wellhead tubing, wherein the coupling / uncoupling operation specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] (1) Start the slide assembly and extend the movable slide to the designated position through the propulsion cylinder so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead;

[0022] (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism to center and clamp the back clamp clamping block to the wellhead string;

[0023] (3) When the upper tubing reaches the designated position, start the guide assembly of the main clamp hanger assembly. The upper tubing is straightened by pushing the two arc-shaped stabilizers inward. At this time, the upper tubing continues to slide down slowly until it stops at the tubing clamp of the wellhead tubing.

[0024] (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism so that the four friction wheels of the main clamp clamping block center and clamp the upper column, and then release the arc-shaped stabilizer; at this time, start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly so that the four friction wheels rotate counterclockwise in the same direction, which will drive the upper column to perform a clockwise clamping action.

[0025] (5) After stopping the top connection, start the clamping cylinder of the top connection clamping mechanism to clamp the top connection clamping block of the top connection clamping block, and then release the main clamping block; at this time, start the top connection clamping cylinder to retract the top connection clamping cylinder back into place, and the top connection clamping assembly can rotate clockwise with the top connection clamping support ring to achieve the tightening action of the top connection clamping block. Then open the top connection clamping block to the initial state and extend the top connection clamping cylinder to the middle position. At this time, the top connection clamping assembly returns to the initial state. Repeat the tightening action 1-2 times to make the top connection clamping block and the wellhead connection clamping block meet the top connection requirements.

[0026] (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism to open the back clamp clamping block to the initial state; then restart the slide assembly to retract the moving slide to the initial state, thus completing the automatic clamping operation of the column.

[0027] Further improvements were made, and the unhooking operation specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] (1) Lift the wellhead tubing to the designated position, start the slide assembly, and extend the moving slide through the propulsion cylinder so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead;

[0029] (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism to center and clamp the back clamp clamping block to the wellhead string;

[0030] (3) Start the clamping cylinder of the break-out pliers string centering mechanism to center and clamp the upper string with the break-out pliers clamping block; start the break-out pliers rotating cylinder to extend the break-out pliers rotating cylinder into place, so that the break-out pliers assembly can rotate counterclockwise with the break-out pliers support ring to realize the break-out action on the upper string; then open the break-out pliers clamping block to the initial state and retract the break-out pliers rotating cylinder to the center position. At this time, the break-out pliers assembly returns to the initial state. Repeat the break-out action 1-2 times to make the upper string and the wellhead string meet the break-out requirements.

[0031] (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism to center and clamp the upper column with the four friction wheels of the main clamping block. Start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly to make the four friction wheels rotate clockwise in the same direction, which will drive the upper column to perform a counterclockwise uncoupling action.

[0032] (5) After the uncoupling is stopped, the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism is started, so that the four friction wheels of the main clamping block loosen the upper column and the upper column is lifted.

[0033] (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism to open the back clamp clamping block to the initial state; then restart the slide assembly to retract the moving slide to the initial state, thus completing the automatic uncoupling operation of the column.

[0034] With this design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0035] The iron drill string centering mechanism of the present invention cleverly solves the problem that existing iron drill string centering devices are prone to deviating from the center of the string during actual clamping by setting a centering limit block, ensuring the clamping centering and positioning effect, improving the efficiency of upper and lower buckles, and the structure is simple, reducing the size of the centering device, and providing favorable conditions for the entire upper and lower buckle device.

[0036] The automated coupling and uncoupling device of this invention solves the problems existing in the original automatic coupling and uncoupling device modified from the traditional well workover power tongs. It simplifies the coupling and uncoupling process, eliminates the need for manual reversing, notch alignment, and high / low speed switching, greatly shortens the time required for coupling and uncoupling, improves work efficiency and continuity, greatly enhances equipment safety, reduces equipment failure rate, and significantly improves the efficiency of oilfield pressurized operations.

[0037] The automated coupling / uncoupling device of this invention can adapt to coupling / uncoupling operations of various pipe diameters, and is also beneficial for coupling / uncoupling operations of tool string pipes. It is highly adaptable and has a wide operating range. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The above is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automated buckle-on / off buckle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the automated buckle-on / off buckle device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the back clamp assembly in the automated buckle-on device of this invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the back clamp assembly in the automated upper and lower buckle device of this invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the back clamp assembly in the automated buckle-on / off buckle device of this invention.

[0044] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the buckle-breaking clamp assembly in the automated buckle-on / off buckle-off device of this invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the buckle-breaking clamp assembly in the automated buckle-attaching device of this invention.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the snap-lock clamp assembly in the automated snap-lock device of this invention.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main clamp assembly in the automated buckle-on / off buckle device of this invention.

[0048] Figure 10 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the main clamp assembly in the automated buckle-on / off buckle device of this invention.

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the main clamping block in the automated buckle-on / off buckle device of this invention.

[0050] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the main clamping block in the automated buckle-on device of this invention.

[0051] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main clamp hanger assembly in the automated upper and lower buckle device of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that a more thorough understanding of the invention will be achieved and that the full scope of the invention will be conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0053] See attached document Figure 1 and 2 As shown, this embodiment of the automated coupling / uncoupling device is used for automated live well workover coupling / uncoupling operations. The device includes a fixed base 1, a slide assembly 2, a back clamp assembly 3, a coupling breaking clamp assembly 4, a main clamp assembly 5, and a main clamp hanger assembly 6, as well as a control mechanism 7 that drives the movement of each component.

[0054] The fixed base 1 is used to fix the main unit platform and serves to fix and support the above-mentioned components.

[0055] The slide assembly 2 includes a movable slide 21 and a propulsion cylinder 22 that drives the movable slide to move back and forth relative to the fixed base 1. That is, when the upper and lower slide device is not working, the movable slide 21 is in the initial position, which can avoid interference when the lifting cylinder moves. When the upper and lower slide operation is required, the movable slide 21 moves forward relative to the fixed base 1 to a designated position under the action of the propulsion cylinder 22, thereby driving the mechanism on the upper part of the movable slide 21 to move forward to complete the upper and lower slide operation of the pipe column.

[0056] The back clamp assembly 3 includes a back clamp column centering mechanism 31, a snap clamp support 32, a snap clamp support ring 33, and a snap clamp rotating cylinder 34.

[0057] As attached Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the back clamp column centering mechanism 31 in this embodiment includes a back clamp U-shaped housing 311 and two back clamp clamping blocks 312 respectively disposed inside the back clamp U-shaped housing 311, as well as a back clamp centering clamping mechanism that drives the two back clamp clamping blocks 312 to move relative to each other. A linear limiting sliding mechanism is provided between the back clamp U-shaped housing 311 and the back clamp clamping blocks 312 to ensure that the two back clamp clamping blocks move relative to each other or in opposite directions along a straight line. The inner end of the back clamp clamping block 312 is provided with a V-shaped jaw plate, and the opposing jaw plates are used to clamp columns of different diameters. The back clamp centering clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms 313, a clamping cylinder 314, an intermediate connecting rod 315, and a centering limiting block 316. The clamping cylinder 314 is a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, with the ends of its telescopic rods hinged to the rear ends of the two clamping arms 313 respectively. The two ends of the intermediate connecting rod 315 are hinged to the middle portions of the two clamping arms 313 respectively. The front ends of the two clamping arms 313 are hinged to the relatively distal ends of the two back clamping blocks 312 respectively. The lower surface of the middle portion of the intermediate connecting rod 315 is provided with a limiting groove 3151 aligned with the U-shaped opening direction of the back clamp U-shaped housing 311. The centering limiting block 316 has a T-shaped structure, with its vertical end inserted into the limiting groove 3151. In step 1, its horizontal end face is fixed on the lower housing of the back clamp U-shaped housing 311. When the tubing needs to be clamped, both ends of the clamping cylinder 314 extend, driving the rear ends of the two clamping arms 313 to extend. Under the action of the intermediate connecting rod 315, the front ends of the two clamping arms 313 drive the two back clamping blocks 312 to advance inward synchronously. The intermediate connecting rod 315 floats backward under the action of the centering limit block 316 to ensure the centering and clamping of the two back clamping blocks 312 and avoid the two back clamping blocks 312 from shifting when clamping.

[0058] In this embodiment, the back clamp U-shaped housing 311 is fixed on the movable slide, and the movable slide drives the back clamp assembly 3 to move back and forth. The snap-lock clamp support 32 adopts an arc-shaped structure with an opening and is fixed above the U-shaped opening of the back clamp U-shaped housing 311; the snap-lock clamp support ring 33 is disposed on the outer periphery of the snap-lock clamp support 32, one end of the snap-lock clamp rotating cylinder 34 is hinged to the lug of the back clamp U-shaped housing 311, and the other end is hinged to the outer periphery of the snap-lock clamp support ring 33, for driving the snap-lock clamp support ring 33 to rotate around the snap-lock clamp support 32.

[0059] See attached document Figures 6 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the snap-lock pliers assembly 4 employs a snap-lock pliers column centering mechanism 41. The snap-lock pliers column centering mechanism 41 includes a snap-lock pliers U-shaped housing 411 and two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 respectively disposed inside the snap-lock pliers U-shaped housing 411, as well as a snap-lock pliers centering clamping mechanism that drives the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 to move relative to each other. A linear limiting sliding mechanism is provided between the snap-lock pliers U-shaped housing 411 and the snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 to ensure that the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 move relative to or away from each other along a straight line. The snap-lock pliers centering clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms 413, a clamping cylinder 414, an intermediate connecting rod 415, and a centering limiting block 416. The clamping cylinder 414 is a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, with the ends of its telescopic rods hinged to the rear ends of the two clamping arms 413 respectively. The two ends of the intermediate connecting rod 415 are hinged to the middle parts of the two clamping arms 413 respectively. The front ends of the two clamping arms 413 are hinged to the opposite distal ends of the two snap-lock clamping blocks 412 respectively. The upper surface of the middle part of the intermediate connecting rod 415 is provided with a limiting groove 4151 that is aligned with the U-shaped opening direction of the snap-lock clamping U-shaped housing 411. The centering limiting block 416 adopts a T-shaped structure, with its vertical end inserted into the limiting groove 4151. In the middle, its horizontal end face is fixed on the upper housing of the U-shaped housing 411 of the snap-lock pliers. When it is necessary to clamp the pipe string, the two ends of the clamping cylinder 414 extend, driving the rear ends of the two clamping arms 413 to extend. Under the action of the intermediate connecting rod 415, the front ends of the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 drive the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 to advance inward synchronously. Under the action of the centering limit block 416, the intermediate connecting rod 415 floats backward to ensure the centering and clamping of the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 and avoid the two snap-lock pliers clamping blocks 412 from shifting when clamping.

[0060] In this embodiment, the U-shaped housing 411 of the snap-lock pliers is fixed on the snap-lock pliers support ring 33 and rotates around the snap-lock pliers support 32 as the snap-lock pliers support ring 33 rotates.

[0061] See attached document Figures 9 to 12As shown, the main clamp assembly 5 employs a main clamp column centering mechanism 51. The main clamp column centering mechanism 51 includes a main clamp U-shaped housing 511 and two main clamping blocks 512 respectively disposed inside the main clamp U-shaped housing 511, as well as a main clamp centering and clamping mechanism that drives the two main clamping blocks 512 to move relative to each other. A linear limiting sliding mechanism is provided between the main clamp U-shaped housing 511 and the main clamping blocks 512 to ensure that the two main clamping blocks 512 move relative to or away from each other along a straight line. The main clamp centering and clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms 513, a clamping cylinder 514, an intermediate connecting rod 515, and a centering limiting block 516. The clamping cylinder 514 is a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, with the ends of its telescopic rods hinged to the rear ends of the two clamping arms 513 respectively. The two ends of the intermediate connecting rod 515 are hinged to the middle portions of the two clamping arms 513 respectively. The front ends of the two clamping arms 513 are hinged to the relatively distal ends of the two main clamping blocks 512 respectively. The lower surface of the middle portion of the intermediate connecting rod 515 is provided with a limiting groove 5151 aligned with the U-shaped opening direction of the main clamp's U-shaped housing 511. The centering limiting block 516 has a T-shaped structure, with its vertical end inserted into the limiting groove 5151. In step 1, its horizontal end face is fixed on the lower housing of the main clamp U-shaped housing 511. When the pipe column needs to be clamped, both ends of the clamping cylinder 514 extend, driving the rear ends of the two clamping arms 513 to extend. Under the action of the intermediate connecting rod 515, the front ends of the two clamping arms 513 drive the two main clamping blocks 512 to advance inward synchronously. The intermediate connecting rod 515 floats backward under the action of the centering limit block 516 to ensure the centering and clamping of the two main clamping blocks 512 and avoid the two main clamping blocks 512 from shifting when clamping.

[0062] Furthermore, the inner side of the main clamping block 512 of the main clamping column centering mechanism 51 is provided with two parallel friction wheels 517, as well as a drive mechanism that drives the two friction wheels 517 to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The four friction wheels 517 on the inner side of the two main clamping blocks 512 always rotate in the same direction, which is used to drive the clamped column to perform the fastening or unfastening action.

[0063] Specifically, the drive mechanism in the main clamp assembly 5 that drives the friction wheel 517 to rotate includes a hydraulic motor 5181, a drive shaft 5182, and two driven shafts 5183. The two friction wheels 517 are respectively mounted on the two driven shafts 5183, and each of the two driven shafts 5183 has a transmission gear 5184 at its bottom. Both transmission gears 5184 mesh with the bottom gear of the drive shaft 5182. The upper end of the drive shaft 5182 is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 5181. Under the action of the hydraulic motor 5181, the two friction wheels 517 rotate synchronously and in the same direction.

[0064] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the two friction wheels 517 arranged side by side adopt a matching groove structure, and the outer surfaces of the friction wheels 517 are covered with a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant coating to improve pressure resistance and wear resistance and extend service life.

[0065] See attached document Figure 13 As shown, the main clamp hanger assembly 6 includes a main clamp U-shaped bracket 61, a guide assembly 62, a spring lifting cylinder assembly 63, and a spring pull rod assembly 64. A support column 317 is provided at the upper rear end of the back clamp U-shaped housing 311. The main clamp U-shaped bracket 61 is fixed to the support column 317 by a connecting rod 611 installed below it. The rear end of the main clamp U-shaped housing 511 in the main clamp tube column centering mechanism 51 has an clearance hole 519 for the support column 317 to pass through.

[0066] The guide assembly 62 includes two arc-shaped stabilizers 621, which are positioned opposite each other at the bottom of the main clamp U-shaped support 61. These stabilizers move towards or away from each other via telescopic cylinders 622, used to stabilize the tubing and improve safety during the coupling / uncoupling process. Four spring-loaded cylinder assemblies 63 are respectively located at the four corners of the main clamp U-shaped support 61. The lower parts of each spring-loaded cylinder assembly 63 are connected to spring-loaded rod assemblies 64, and the bottom ends of the four spring-loaded rod assemblies 64 are connected to the upper surface of the main clamp U-shaped housing 511. The initial position of the main clamp assembly 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the spring-loaded rod assemblies 64. Furthermore, the sliding mechanism of the main clamp assembly 5 allows it to absorb some kinetic energy during the coupling / uncoupling process, maintaining stability.

[0067] In this embodiment, the control mechanism 7 adopts a PLC program control system to realize the automated operation of attaching and detaching the tubing.

[0068] The automated coupling / uncoupling device in this embodiment performs the coupling / uncoupling operation of the wellhead tubing, which includes the following steps:

[0069] (1) Start the slide assembly 3, and extend the movable slide 21 to the designated position through the propulsion cylinder 22 so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead;

[0070] (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism 31 to center and clamp the wellhead string with the back clamp clamping block 312;

[0071] (3) When the upper tubing reaches the designated position, the guide assembly 62 of the main clamp hanger assembly 6 is activated. The upper tubing is straightened by the inward push of the two arc-shaped stabilizers 621. At this time, the upper tubing continues to slide down slowly until it stops at the pipe clamp of the wellhead tubing.

[0072] (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism 51 so that the four friction wheels 517 of the main clamping block 512 center and clamp the upper column, and then release the arc-shaped stabilizer 621; at this time, start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly 5 so that the four friction wheels 517 rotate counterclockwise in the same direction, which will drive the upper column to perform a clockwise clamping action;

[0073] (5) After stopping the connection according to the instruction of the control mechanism 7, start the clamping cylinder of the connection plier string centering mechanism 41 to center and clamp the upper string with the connection plier clamping block 412, and then release the main clamping block 512; at this time, start the connection plier rotating cylinder 34 to retract the connection plier rotating cylinder 34 back to the position, and the connection plier assembly 4 can rotate clockwise with the connection plier support ring 33 to realize the tightening action of the upper string. Then open the connection plier clamping block 412 to the initial state and extend the connection plier rotating cylinder 34 to the middle position. At this time, the connection plier assembly 4 returns to the initial state. Repeat the tightening action 1-2 times to make the upper string and the wellhead string meet the connection requirements.

[0074] (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism 31 to open the back clamp clamping block 312 to the initial state; then restart the slide assembly 2 to retract the moving slide 21 to the initial state, thus completing the automatic clamping operation of the column.

[0075] The uncoupling operation specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Lift the wellhead tubing to the designated position, start the slide assembly 2, and extend the movable slide 21 through the push cylinder 22 so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead;

[0077] (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism 31 to center and clamp the wellhead string with the back clamp clamping block 312;

[0078] (3) Start the clamping cylinder of the break-out pliers string centering mechanism 41 so that the break-out pliers clamping block 412 centers and clamps the upper string; start the break-out pliers rotating cylinder 34 so that the break-out pliers rotating cylinder 34 extends into place, then the break-out pliers assembly 4 can rotate counterclockwise with the break-out pliers support ring 33 to realize the break-out action on the upper string. Then open the break-out pliers clamping block 412 to the initial state and retract the break-out pliers rotating cylinder 34 to the center position. At this time, the break-out pliers assembly 4 returns to the initial state. Repeat the break-out action 1-2 times so that the upper string and the wellhead string meet the break-out requirements.

[0079] (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism 51, so that the four friction wheels 517 of the main clamping block 512 center and clamp the upper column, start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly 5, so that the four friction wheels 517 rotate clockwise in the same direction, thereby driving the upper column to perform a counterclockwise uncoupling action.

[0080] (5) After stopping the unhooking according to the instruction of the control mechanism 7, start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism 51, so that the four friction wheels 517 of the main clamping block 512 release the upper column and the upper column is lifted.

[0081] (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism 31 to open the back clamp clamping block 312 to the initial state; then restart the slide assembly 2 to retract the moving slide 21 to the initial state, thus completing the automatic uncoupling operation of the column.

[0082] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or alterations made by those skilled in the art using the disclosed technical content shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated buckle-on / off device, characterized in that, Includes a fixed base, slide assembly, back clamp assembly, snap clamp assembly, main clamp assembly, and main clamp hanger assembly. The mounting base is used to fix the device to the host platform; The carriage assembly includes a movable carriage and a propulsion cylinder that drives the movable carriage to move back and forth relative to the fixed base; The back clamp assembly includes a back clamp column centering mechanism, a snap clamp support, a snap clamp support ring, and a snap clamp rotating cylinder. The back clamp column centering mechanism adopts a steel drill pipe column centering mechanism, wherein the back clamp U-shaped housing is fixed on the movable slide, and the back clamp centering limit block is located at the lower part of the back clamp middle connecting rod. The snap clamp support adopts an arc-shaped structure with an opening and is fixed above the U-shaped opening of the back clamp U-shaped housing. The snap clamp support ring is located on the outer periphery of the snap clamp support. One end of the snap clamp rotating cylinder is hinged to the back clamp U-shaped housing, and the other end is hinged to the outer periphery of the snap clamp support ring, for driving the snap clamp support ring to rotate around the snap clamp support. The snap-lock pliers assembly includes a snap-lock pliers column alignment mechanism, which is an iron drill pipe alignment mechanism. The snap-lock pliers U-shaped housing is fixed on the snap-lock pliers support ring, and the snap-lock pliers alignment limit block is located on the upper part of the snap-lock pliers middle connecting rod. The main clamp assembly includes a main clamp pipe alignment mechanism, which adopts a steel drill pipe alignment mechanism. The main clamp alignment limit block is located at the lower part of the middle connecting rod of the main clamp. The inner side of each main clamp clamping block is provided with two parallel friction wheels and a drive mechanism that drives the two friction wheels to rotate synchronously in the same direction. The four friction wheels on the inner side of the two main clamp clamping blocks always rotate in the same direction, which is used to drive the clamped pipe to perform the clamping or unclamping action. The main clamp hanger assembly includes a main clamp U-shaped bracket, a guide assembly, a spring lifting cylinder assembly, and a spring tie rod assembly. A support column is provided at the upper rear end of the back clamp U-shaped housing. The main clamp U-shaped bracket is fixed to the support column by a connecting rod installed below it. The rear end of the main clamp U-shaped housing in the main clamp column centering mechanism has a clearance hole for the support column to pass through. The guide assembly includes two arc-shaped straighteners, which are positioned opposite each other at the bottom of the main clamp U-shaped bracket and can move towards or away from each other to straighten the column. Four spring lifting cylinder assemblies are respectively located at the four corners of the main clamp U-shaped bracket. The lower part of each spring lifting cylinder assembly is connected to the spring tie rod assembly, and the bottom ends of the four spring tie rod assemblies are connected to the four sides of the upper surface of the main clamp U-shaped housing, allowing the main clamp assembly to slide up and down along the support column during the buckling process to absorb some kinetic energy. The centering mechanism for the iron drill string includes a U-shaped housing and two clamping blocks respectively disposed inside the U-shaped housing, as well as a centering clamping mechanism that drives the two clamping blocks to move relative to each other. The centering clamping mechanism includes two clamping arms, a clamping cylinder, a central connecting rod, and a centering limit block. The clamping cylinder is a bidirectional telescopic cylinder, with its two ends of the telescopic rod hinged to the rear ends of the two clamping arms. The two ends of the central connecting rod are hinged to the middle parts of the two clamping arms, and the front ends of the two clamping arms are hinged to the relatively distal ends of the two clamping blocks. The central connecting rod... The upper or lower surface is provided with a limiting groove that is aligned with the U-shaped opening direction of the U-shaped housing; the centering limiting block adopts a T-shaped structure, with its vertical end inserted into the limiting groove and its horizontal end face fixed on the upper or lower housing of the U-shaped housing. When the tubing needs to be clamped, both ends of the clamping cylinder extend, driving the rear ends of the two clamping arms to extend. Under the action of the intermediate connecting rod, the front ends of the two clamping arms drive the two clamping blocks to advance inward synchronously, and the intermediate connecting rod moves backward under the action of the centering limiting block to ensure the centering and clamping of the two clamping blocks.

2. The automated buckle-on / off device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A linear limiting sliding mechanism is provided between the U-shaped housing and the clamping block to ensure that the two clamping blocks move relative to or away from each other along a straight line.

3. The automated buckle-on / off device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism that drives the friction wheels in the main clamp assembly includes a hydraulic motor, a drive shaft, and two driven shafts. The two friction wheels are respectively mounted on the two driven shafts, and each driven shaft has a transmission gear at its bottom. Both transmission gears mesh with the bottom gear of the drive shaft. The upper end of the drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor. Under the action of the hydraulic motor, the two friction wheels rotate synchronously and in the same direction.

4. The automated buckle-on / off device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the two friction wheels arranged side by side adopt a matching groove structure, and the outer surfaces of the friction wheels are covered with a pressure-resistant and wear-resistant coating.

5. The automated buckle-on / off device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The two arc-shaped stabilizers are respectively moved towards each other or away from each other by telescopic hydraulic cylinders.

6. The automated buckle-on / off device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a control mechanism that drives the slide assembly, back clamp assembly, buckle breaker assembly, main clamp assembly and main clamp hanger assembly to perform buckle-on and buckle-off actions.

7. An automated method for attaching and detaching buckles, characterized in that, The automated coupling / uncoupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used to perform coupling / uncoupling operations on the wellhead tubing, wherein the coupling / uncoupling operation specifically includes the following steps: (1) Start the slide assembly and extend the movable slide to the designated position through the propulsion cylinder so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead; (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism to center and clamp the back clamp clamping block to the wellhead string; (3) When the upper tubing reaches the designated position, start the guide assembly of the main clamp hanger assembly. The upper tubing is straightened by pushing the two arc-shaped stabilizers inward. At this time, the upper tubing continues to slide down slowly until it stops at the tubing clamp of the wellhead tubing. (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism to center and clamp the upper column with the four friction wheels of the main clamp clamping block, and then open the arc-shaped stabilizer; at this time, start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly to make the four friction wheels rotate counterclockwise in the same direction, which will drive the upper column to perform a clockwise clamping action. (5) After stopping the top connection, start the clamping cylinder of the top connection clamping mechanism to clamp the top connection clamping block of the top connection clamping block, and then release the main clamping block; at this time, start the top connection clamping cylinder to retract the top connection clamping cylinder back into place, and the top connection clamping assembly can rotate clockwise with the top connection clamping support ring to achieve the tightening action of the top connection clamping block. Then open the top connection clamping block to the initial state and extend the top connection clamping cylinder to the middle position. At this time, the top connection clamping assembly returns to the initial state. Repeat the tightening action 1-2 times to make the top connection clamping block and the wellhead connection clamping block meet the top connection requirements. (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism to open the back clamp clamping block to the initial state; then restart the slide assembly to retract the moving slide to the initial state, thus completing the automatic clamping operation of the column.

8. The automated buckle-on / off method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The uncoupling operation specifically includes the following steps: (1) Lift the wellhead tubing to the designated position, start the slide assembly, and extend the moving slide through the propulsion cylinder so that the upper uncoupling device is aligned with the center of the wellhead; (2) Start the clamping cylinder of the back clamp string centering mechanism to center and clamp the back clamp clamping block to the wellhead string; (3) Start the clamping cylinder of the break-out pliers string centering mechanism to center and clamp the upper string with the break-out pliers clamping block; start the break-out pliers rotating cylinder to extend the break-out pliers rotating cylinder into place, so that the break-out pliers assembly can rotate counterclockwise with the break-out pliers support ring to realize the break-out action on the upper string; then open the break-out pliers clamping block to the initial state and retract the break-out pliers rotating cylinder to the center position. At this time, the break-out pliers assembly returns to the initial state. Repeat the break-out action 1-2 times to make the upper string and the wellhead string meet the break-out requirements. (4) Start the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism to center and clamp the upper column with the four friction wheels of the main clamping block. Start the drive mechanism of the main clamp assembly to make the four friction wheels rotate clockwise in the same direction, which will drive the upper column to perform a counterclockwise uncoupling action. (5) After the uncoupling is stopped, the clamping cylinder of the main clamp column centering mechanism is started, so that the four friction wheels of the main clamping block loosen the upper column and the upper column is lifted. (6) Restart the clamping cylinder of the back clamp column centering mechanism to open the back clamp clamping block to the initial state; Then, the carriage assembly is restarted to retract the moving carriage to its initial state, thus completing the automatic uncoupling operation of the tube column.

Images