A smart vacuum freeze dryer and its usage method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of freeze-drying technology, specifically to an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer and its usage method. The dryer includes a main unit and a pre-freezing vacuum chamber within it, a shelf placed inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber, the shelf having an internal cavity and a main gas inlet at its bottom for gas to enter the internal cavity; a carrying tray with multiple evenly arranged internal components for storing materials, the tray having multiple planar grids and heating elements for releasing heat, multiple push rods for moving materials within the planar grids, and an adjustment component for adjusting the position of the push rods according to different usage environments; and side rotating columns with multiple evenly rotatable components connected to the sidewalls of the carrying tray, each side rotating column having multiple exhaust ports, and the carrying tray having an efficiency-enhancing component for driving the side rotating columns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of freeze-drying technology, specifically to an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Lyophilization is an interdisciplinary technology integrating cryogenic refrigeration, vacuum physics, heat and mass transfer, and intelligent control. Its core equipment—the vacuum freeze dryer—is widely used in biomedicine (such as vaccines, antibodies, and sterile preparations), high-end food (such as freeze-dried fruits and vegetables, coffee, and convenience meals), and new materials (such as nanomaterials and aerospace composite materials). According to MarketsandMarkets data, the global freeze-drying equipment market reached $3.2 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow to $4.8 billion by 2028, representing a CAGR of 8.5%, with intelligent and energy-efficient equipment accounting for over 60% of the market.

[0003] For example, patent document CN219141433U discloses a support trolley for a vacuum freeze dryer, relating to the field of vacuum freeze dryer technology. This support trolley includes a vacuum freeze dryer chamber, with the support trolley inside. The bottom of the support trolley is fixedly equipped with casters, and a movable block is slidably connected inside the support trolley. A movable groove is formed on the surface of the movable block. Without rotating the rotating rod, the connecting rope is not pulled on the positioning lever, causing the positioning lever to reset through the elastic force of a return spring. This allows the positioning lever to engage with another positioning hole, thus fixing the movable block. This facilitates adjustment of the material tray and the movable block's position, allowing materials of different heights to be placed on the material tray, improving the ease of tray adjustment, and facilitating drying of materials on the tray, thus expanding the applicability of the material.

[0004] In existing technological systems, the design offers a degree of convenience, allowing materials of varying heights to be easily placed on material trays, significantly improving the ease of adjusting the tray height. However, in actual production applications, materials need to undergo pre-freezing followed by vacuum drying. When materials are piled on trays, the different requirements for material distribution and heating uniformity during pre-freezing and drying make it difficult to simultaneously meet the applicability of both processes. Specifically, during pre-freezing, material accumulation can lead to uneven freezing, affecting the pre-freezing effect; while during vacuum drying, the accumulated material hinders effective evaporation and removal of moisture, reducing drying efficiency. Therefore, to better adapt materials to pre-freezing and drying processes, it is often necessary to change the carrier, an additional step that not only increases the complexity of the production process but also significantly reduces overall production efficiency, increasing production and time costs. To address this, this application proposes an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer, comprising a main unit and a pre-freezing vacuum chamber formed therein, and further comprising:

[0007] A shelf is placed inside a pre-freezing vacuum chamber. The shelf has an internal cavity and its bottom is connected to a main air inlet for gas to enter the internal cavity.

[0008] The tray has multiple uniformly arranged inside the shelf for storing materials. The tray has multiple planar grids and heating elements for releasing heat. The planar grids have multiple push rods that can push the materials to move. The planar grids also have adjustment components that can adjust the position of the push rods according to different usage environments.

[0009] The side rotating column has multiple uniformly rotating connections to the side wall of the loading tray. Each of the side rotating columns has multiple exhaust ports inside, and the loading tray has an efficiency enhancement component that can drive the side rotating column to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a common connecting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of multiple push rods, the interior of the planar grid has multiple spiral through holes for sliding of the push rods, and the interior of the planar grid is provided with a push rod for driving the common connecting plate to move, and the top of each of the multiple push rods is fixedly connected with a closing piece adapted to the spiral through hole.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the planar grid is provided with multiple air inlet slots, and a displacement column is slidably connected to and fixedly connected to the common plate within the planar grid. The bottom of the displacement column is fixedly connected to the push rod. The displacement column can seal multiple air inlet slots. Multiple air vents are provided inside the displacement column for gas to pass through. Multiple air dissipation holes are provided inside the common plate. The spiral perforation has a spiral channel inside. The top of each of the multiple push rods is provided with an air vent.

[0012] Preferably, a memory spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the displacement column, and a heat-conducting copper wire connected to the memory spring is connected to the outer surface of the heating element through a heat-conducting sheet. A heat-conducting wire that conducts heat to the memory spring is spirally arranged inside the displacement column.

[0013] Preferably, the shelf has multiple partitions for supporting trays connected by a spiral inside, the top of the multiple partitions is connected to a diversion air inlet, and the bottom of the multiple trays is equipped with a connection port adapted to the diversion air inlet.

[0014] Preferably, the enhancement component includes an electric guide rail fixedly connected to the tray, a plurality of sliding shoes slidably connected to the top of the electric guide rail, and a connecting rod fixedly connected to the top of each of the plurality of sliding shoes, and a transmission collar that can contact the side rotating column is connected to the plurality of connecting rods.

[0015] Preferably, the host is equipped with a cooling structure to reduce the temperature inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a vacuum hood, which is located above the pre-freezing vacuum chamber and fitted onto the outer surface of the shelf. The top of the vacuum hood is provided with a water trap observation window, and a fastening rod is installed on the top of the vacuum hood.

[0017] Preferably, a vacuum port is provided on one side of the main unit to evacuate the pre-freezing vacuum chamber, and a pressure relief port is provided on one side of the main unit.

[0018] This invention also provides a method for using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. The material is placed on the tray and then the rack is placed into the pre-freezing vacuum chamber to seal and cool it, so that the moisture in the material is frozen.

[0020] S2. Move the shelf to the top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber and then seal the vacuum cover. After vacuuming, operate the heating element to control the temperature and heat it so that the ice crystals sublimate and the water vapor is captured by the cold trap.

[0021] S3. During the pre-freezing process, the adjusting component controls the top rod to shrink and increase its cold contact area. After the pre-freezing is completed, the adjusting component is operated to move multiple top rods upward, thereby ejecting the freeze-dried material and continuously supplying air into the rack.

[0022] S4. Part of the gas injected into the loading plate will pass through the exhaust port in the side rotating column and be discharged into the material in the loading plate, increasing the diffusion efficiency of water vapor.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. During the pre-freezing stage, the push rod drives the common plate downward, causing the top rod to retract. The closing plate seals the spiral perforation, ensuring complete contact between the material and the surface of the tray, maximizing the heat conduction area and increasing the freezing speed. During the drying stage, the top rod moves upward, forming an airflow channel. Simultaneously, the displacement column moves upward, opening the air inlet slot. Gas is released through multiple paths via the vent holes, diffuser holes, spiral perforations, and vents, creating turbulent airflow and accelerating water vapor diffusion. Through the coordinated design of the top rod, common plate, displacement column, and push rod, a tight pre-freezing seal is achieved. The dynamic switching between "touch, drying, loosening, and ventilation" balances thermal conductivity and mass transfer efficiency, significantly shortening the freeze-drying cycle. When the heating element heats up, heat is transferred to the memory spring through the heat transfer copper wire. Simultaneously, the heat conduction wire guides the heat to the displacement column, causing the memory spring to deform under heat. This assists in fine-tuning the position of the displacement column, optimizing the airflow channel opening. Gas enters the shelf through the main air inlet, then enters the tray through the branch air inlet and connecting port, and then enters the displacement column through the air inlet slot and vent hole, finally exiting from the spiral perforation and vent. The spiral perforation is equipped with guide vanes to rotate the gas, causing it to merge and disturb with the airflow from the vent. The mechanical linkage between the top rod and the displacement column, the thermal response drive of the heating element and the memory spring, the disturbance design of the multi-path airflow system, and the process optimization of the detachable vacuum sealing structure achieve multiple goals in the freeze-drying process: maximizing thermal conductivity, minimizing diffusion resistance, intelligent control, and convenient operation.

[0025] 2. During the pre-freezing process, the material expands in volume due to the freezing of moisture, which can easily lead to edge warping or cracking. Multiple evenly distributed side-rotating columns are located on the side wall of the loading tray, forming a ring-shaped limiting structure that effectively restrains the material edges and prevents deformation. Together with the bottom support of the top rod, it forms a three-dimensional fixing mode of "bottom tightening + lateral limiting", ensuring that the material maintains a regular shape throughout the freeze-drying cycle, improving the yield and appearance consistency. Traditional drying mainly relies on bottom or top airflow, which has the problem of "edge drying lag". This device introduces heated gas from the side wall of the material through the exhaust port inside the side rotating column, achieving three-dimensional gas supply. The gas is discharged from the side, directly impacting the sublimation interface on the side of the material, breaking the local saturated vapor layer, and significantly reducing the resistance to water vapor diffusion. It is especially suitable for deep drying of thick or high-density materials. The electric guide rail drives the sliding shoe to move slowly, and the connecting rod drives the transmission collar to slide and rub against the outer surface of the side rotating column, achieving non-contact rotation drive. The rotating side rotating column, without directly contacting the material, slightly disturbs the boundary layer of the material surface through the shearing effect of the airflow, destroying the dense "dry shell" that may form, and promoting the continuous escape of internal moisture. When the side rotating column rotates, the airflow on its surface is driven to form a local vortex, which superimposes with the gas ejected from the exhaust port to produce a stronger turbulence effect, greatly improving the mass transfer coefficient. Through the multi-dimensional linkage of mechanical, airflow and thermal control, a more efficient, uniform and intelligent drying environment is constructed, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to complex materials (such as biological tissues, porous materials and high-viscosity preparations). Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the main unit and the vacuum chamber in this invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vacuum chamber in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the shelf and tray in this invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shelf and tray in this invention.

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tray in this invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the tray in this invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the planar mesh and heating element in this invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the planar mesh in this invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 100, Main unit; 101, Vacuum port; 102, Pressure relief port; 103, Pre-freezing vacuum chamber; 104, Vacuum hood; 105, Water trap observation window; 106, Fastening rod; 200, Shelf; 201, Partition; 202, Main air inlet; 203, Diverter air inlet; 300, Loading tray; 301, Connection port; 302, Planar grid; 303, Heating element; 304, Spiral perforation; 30 5. Common connection plate; 306. Push rod; 307. Closing plate; 308. Vent; 309. Displacement column; 310. Air inlet slot; 311. Vent hole; 312. Heat conduction wire; 313. Memory spring; 314. Push rod; 315. Heat transfer copper wire; 316. Vent hole; 400. Side rotating column; 401. Exhaust port; 402. Electric guide rail; 403. Slipper; 404. Connecting rod; 405. Transmission collar. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer, including a main unit 100 and a pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 opened inside it. The main unit 100 is provided with a refrigeration structure to reduce the temperature inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. The main unit 100 integrates a high-efficiency refrigeration structure, which is usually composed of a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator and a circulation pipeline. It can accurately control and stably maintain the temperature inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 in a low temperature range of -50°C to -80°C to meet the deep freezing requirements of materials such as biological products, pharmaceuticals or food.

[0039] A vacuum port 101 is provided on one side of the main unit 100 for connecting to an external vacuum pump. Through this vacuum port 101, the gas in the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 can be continuously extracted to achieve a high vacuum environment, typically below 10 Pa, creating the necessary conditions for subsequent sublimation drying. Meanwhile, a pressure relief port 102 is provided on the other side of the main unit 100. This pressure relief port 102 is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve, which automatically opens after the drying process is completed, allowing the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 to connect with the outside atmosphere, quickly restoring atmospheric pressure and facilitating material removal.

[0040] It also includes a shelf 200, which is detachably placed inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 to hold multiple materials to be dried. The shelf 200 has an internal cavity, and the bottom of the shelf 200 is connected to a main air port 202 for gas to enter its internal cavity. The pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 is equipped with a gas pump that can connect gas to the main air port 202 through a connecting pipe, so that gas is continuously supplied to the cavity of the shelf 200. The main air port 202 is connected to the gas supply system in the main unit 100 through a hose, so that inert gas such as nitrogen or dry air can be continuously or intermittently introduced into the cavity of the shelf 200 during the drying process to regulate the pressure inside the cavity or assist in heat transfer.

[0041] It also includes a vacuum hood 104, which is located above the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 and fitted onto the outer surface of the shelf 200. A water trap observation window 105 is provided on the top of the vacuum hood 104, and a fastening rod 106 is installed on the top of the vacuum hood 104. By setting up the vacuum hood 104, the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 can be covered, creating a sealed space for the shelf 200. Simultaneously, the vacuum hood 104 is transparent for easy observation. The water trap observation window 105 allows operators to observe the frost formation in the cold trap area in real time and judge the drying process. A fastening rod 106 is also installed on the top of the vacuum hood 104, which is connected to the main unit 100 via a threaded or snap-fit ​​structure to ensure reliable sealing.

[0042] It also includes a carrying tray 300, which has multiple uniformly arranged inside the shelf 200 for storing materials. The carrying tray 300 has an array of planar grids 302 and heating elements 303 for releasing heat. The planar grids 302 provide support, and the heating elements 303, such as electric heating films or PTC heating elements, are used to transfer controllable heat to the material during the drying stage, promoting ice crystal sublimation. Multiple vertically movable push rods 306 are embedded inside the planar grids 302, their positions controlled by an adjustment component to dynamically adjust the material contact state. The planar grids 302 have an adjustment component that adjusts the position of the push rods 306 according to different usage environments. The heating elements 303 apply heat to the material, and the planar grids 302, laid inside the carrying tray 300, cooperate with the adjustment component to adjust the position of the push rods 306. This allows them to shrink during pre-freezing, increasing the material contact area and improving freezing efficiency. During drying, the push rods 306 extend, creating airflow gaps and reducing water vapor diffusion resistance.

[0043] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a common plate 305 fixedly connected to the bottom of multiple push rods 306. The interior of the planar grid 302 is provided with multiple spiral perforations 304 for the push rods 306 to slide. The interior of the planar grid 302 is provided with a push rod 314 for driving the common plate 305 to move. The top of each of the multiple push rods 306 is fixedly connected with a closing piece 307 adapted to the spiral perforation 304. By setting the push rod 314, the common plate 305 can be moved, thereby adjusting the position of the multiple push rods 306 and changing the position of the material. The top of the push rod 306 is provided with a closing piece 307. When the push rod 306 moves down, the closing piece 307 can close the spiral perforation 304, making the surface of the tray 300 flat and improving the heat conduction efficiency in the pre-freezing stage.

[0044] The planar grid 302 has multiple air inlet slots 310 on its outer surface. A displacement column 309, fixedly connected to and communicating with a common plate 305, is slidably connected within the planar grid 302. The bottom of the displacement column 309 is fixedly connected to a push rod 314. The displacement column 309 can seal multiple air inlet slots 310. Multiple air vents 311 are provided inside the displacement column 309 for gas to pass through. Multiple air vents 316 are provided inside the common plate 305. The spiral perforation 304 has a spiral channel inside. Air vents 308 are provided at the top of multiple push rods 306. A memory spring 313 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the displacement column 309. The outer surface of the heating element 303 is connected to a heat-conducting plate. The memory spring 313 is connected to the heat transfer copper wire 315. The displacement column 309 has a spiral arrangement of heat-conducting wires 312 that conduct heat to the memory spring 313. At the same time, when the displacement column 309 drives the common plate 305 to move, it opens the channel of the air intake slot 310, allowing the gas to pass through the air intake slot 310 and then enter the displacement column 309 through the air inlet 311. Then, it is discharged through the spiral throughlet 304 and the vent 308, thereby realizing the release of airflow. This process is synchronized with the upward movement of the push rod 306. The displacement column 309 has a spiral arrangement of heat-conducting wires 312, which can transfer heat to the memory spring 313, causing it to deform and assisting in the fine adjustment of the displacement column 309.

[0045] Furthermore, the shelf 200 has multiple spirally connected partitions 201 for supporting trays 300. The tops of the partitions 201 are connected to air inlets 203, and the bottoms of the trays 300 are each equipped with connecting ports 301 that are compatible with the air inlets 203. By setting the partitions 201, the trays 300 can be supported. At the same time, the air inlets 203 and the connecting ports 301 can cooperate to introduce gas from the shelf 200 into the trays 300, thereby realizing gas delivery.

[0046] Specifically, the material is first placed in multiple trays 300 for pre-freezing. The rack 200 is placed inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. Then, the cover is placed on top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 to form a seal. The refrigeration system in the main unit 100 is turned on to pre-freeze the material, so that the moisture inside the material is completely frozen into ice. Then, the rack 200 is taken out and placed on top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. Then, the vacuum cover 104 is placed on the outer surface of the rack 200 to seal the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum port 101, so that the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 is evacuated. At the same time, the heating element 303 begins to controllably and slowly heat up the trays 300. Heat is transferred to the material, and the ice crystals in the material absorb the heat and sublimate into water vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the water vapor diffuses out from the inside of the material and enters the vacuum chamber 104, where it is eventually captured by the cold trap and condenses into ice. During the pre-freezing process, the push rod 314 drives the displacement column 309 to move downward, which in turn moves the common plate 305 downward, causing multiple push rods 306 to move downward and causing the closing plate 307 to close the spiral perforation 304. At this time, the material is completely in contact with the inner wall of the carrier plate 300, thus improving the cooling efficiency. After the pre-freezing is completed, the push rod 314 is operated to move multiple push rods 306 upward, thereby ejecting the freeze-dried material. At the same time, gas is continuously supplied into the rack 200. The gas passes through multiple branch gas injection ports 203 and the connection port 3. The gas is diverted to the loading tray 300 by the cooperation of 01. At the same time, the heating element 303 heats the gas through the heat transfer copper wire 315 to the memory spring 313. As the displacement column 309 moves, it opens the gap of the air inlet slot 310 to allow the gas to pass through the bottom of the displacement column 309 and enter the interior of the common plate 305 through the air vent 311. Some of the gas is discharged through the spiral perforation 304 and the other part of the gas passes through the top rod 306 and is discharged through the vent 308. The gas passing through the spiral perforation 304 is guided to rotate by the spiral blade inside and merges with the gas discharged through the vent 308, increasing the gas dispersion area. The gas will be heated when it passes through the memory spring 313 and the heat conduction wire 312.

[0047] In summary, during the pre-freezing stage, push rod 314 drives common plate 305 downward, causing top rod 306 to retract, and closing plate 307 seals spiral perforation 304, ensuring complete contact between the material and the surface of carrier plate 300, maximizing the heat conduction area and increasing the freezing speed. During the drying stage, top rod 306 moves upward, forming an airflow channel, while displacement column 309 moves upward, opening air inlet slot 310. Gas is released through multiple paths via perforation hole 311, diffuser hole 316, spiral perforation 304, and vent 308, creating turbulent airflow and accelerating water vapor diffusion. Through the coordinated design of top rod 306, common plate 305, displacement column 309, and push rod 314, "tight pre-freezing" is achieved. The dynamic switching between "contact, drying, loosening, and ventilation" takes into account both thermal conductivity and mass transfer efficiency, significantly shortening the freeze-drying cycle. When the heating element 303 heats, the heat is transferred to the memory spring 313 through the heat transfer copper wire 315. At the same time, the heat conduction wire 312 guides the heat into the displacement column 309, causing the memory spring 313 to deform due to heat. This assists in driving the displacement column 309 to finely adjust its position and optimize the airflow channel opening. The gas enters the shelf 200 through the main air port 202, enters the tray 300 through the diversion air inlet 203 and the connecting port 301, and then enters the displacement column 309 through the air inlet slot 310 and the air vent 311. Finally, it is discharged from the spiral perforation 304 and the vent 308. The spiral perforation 304 has a guide vane inside, which makes the gas rotate and merge with the airflow at the vent 308 to cause disturbance. The mechanical linkage between the top rod 306 and the displacement column 309, the thermal response drive of the heating element 303 and the memory spring 313, the disturbance design of the multi-path airflow system, and the process optimization of the detachable vacuum sealing structure achieve multiple goals in the freeze-drying process: maximizing heat conduction, minimizing diffusion resistance, intelligent control, and convenient operation.

[0048] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 1-10 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 in that: the intelligent vacuum freeze dryer further includes multiple side rotating columns 400, which are evenly rotatably connected to the side wall of the carrying tray 300. Each side rotating column 400 has multiple exhaust ports 401 inside, allowing gas to be discharged from there. The carrying tray 300 has an efficiency-enhancing component inside, used to drive the side rotating columns 400 to rotate, thereby enhancing the drying effect.

[0049] The enhancement component includes an electric guide rail 402, which is fixed inside the tray 300. Multiple sliding shoes 403 are slidably connected to the top of the electric guide rail 402. Each sliding shoe 403 is fixedly connected to the top of a connecting rod 404. The multiple connecting rods 404 are connected to a transmission collar 405, which contacts the outer surface of the side rotating column 400 and drives it to rotate through friction transmission.

[0050] During the pre-freezing stage, the side-rotating column 400 limits the edge of the material to prevent it from deforming due to expansion during freezing, ensuring a regular shape after freeze-drying. During the drying process, some gas is discharged from the exhaust port 401 of the side-rotating column 400, directly acting on the sidewall of the material to promote water vapor diffusion. Simultaneously, the electric guide rail 402 is activated, driving the sliding shoe 403 to move slowly, causing the transmission collar 405 to slide and rub against the surface of the side-rotating column 400, causing it to rotate. When the material is still in a freeze-dried state, the rotation of the side-rotating column 400 can further agitate the surrounding airflow, accelerating the escape of water vapor; when the surface of the material begins to thaw, the rotating side-rotating column 400 can slightly disturb the surface of the material, breaking up any dense layer that may have formed, significantly improving the diffusion efficiency of internal moisture.

[0051] In summary, during the pre-freezing process, the material expands in volume due to the freezing of moisture, which can easily lead to edge warping or cracking. Multiple evenly distributed side-rotating columns 400 are located on the side wall of the loading tray 300, forming a ring-shaped limiting structure that effectively restrains the material edges and prevents deformation. Together with the bottom support of the top rod 306, it forms a three-dimensional fixing mode of "bottom tightening + lateral limiting", ensuring that the material maintains a regular shape throughout the freeze-drying cycle, improving the yield and appearance consistency. Traditional drying mainly relies on bottom or top airflow, which has the problem of "edge drying lag". This device introduces heating gas from the side wall of the material through the exhaust port 401 inside the side rotating column 400, achieving three-dimensional gas supply. The gas is discharged from the side, directly impacting the sublimation interface on the side of the material, breaking the local saturated vapor layer, and significantly reducing the resistance to water vapor diffusion. It is especially suitable for deep drying of thick or high-density materials. The electric guide rail 402 drives the sliding shoe 403 to move slowly, and through the connecting rod 404, it drives the transmission collar 405 to slide and rub against the outer surface of the side rotating column 400, achieving non-contact rotation drive. The rotating side rotating column 400 does not directly contact... Under the premise of material conditions, the surface boundary layer of the material is slightly disturbed by the shearing action of the airflow, which breaks up the dense "dry shell" that may be formed and promotes the continuous escape of internal moisture. When the side rotating column 400 rotates, the airflow on its surface is driven to form a local vortex, which superimposes with the gas ejected from the exhaust port 401 to produce a stronger turbulence effect, which greatly improves the mass transfer coefficient. Through the multi-dimensional linkage of mechanical, airflow and thermal control, a more efficient, uniform and intelligent drying environment is constructed, which significantly improves the equipment's adaptability to complex materials such as biological tissues, porous materials and high-viscosity preparations.

[0052] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 1-10 The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a method for using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1. First, the material is placed in multiple trays 300 for pre-freezing. The rack 200 is placed inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. Then, the cover is placed on top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103 to form a sealed state. The refrigeration system in the main unit 100 is turned on to pre-freeze the material so that the moisture inside the material is completely frozen into ice.

[0054] S2. Then, remove the shelf 200 and place it on top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. Next, cover the outer surface of the shelf 200 with the vacuum cover 104 to seal the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. Connect the vacuum pump to the vacuum port 101 to evacuate the pre-freezing vacuum chamber 103. At the same time, the heating element 303 begins to controllably and slowly heat the carrier plate 300. Heat is transferred to the material, and the ice crystals in the material absorb the heat and sublimate into water vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the water vapor diffuses out from the inside of the material and enters the vacuum cover 104, and is finally captured by the cold trap and condenses into ice.

[0055] S3. During the pre-freezing process, push rod 314 drives displacement column 309 to move downward, which in turn moves common plate 305 downward, causing multiple push rods 306 to move downward and causing closing plate 307 to close spiral perforation 304. At this time, the material is completely in contact with the inner wall of the carrying tray 300, thereby improving cooling efficiency. After pre-freezing, push rod 314 is operated to move multiple push rods 306 upward, thereby ejecting the freeze-dried material. At the same time, air is continuously supplied into the rack 200. The gas is diverted into the carrying tray 300 through the cooperation of multiple diversion air inlets 203 and connecting ports 301. Meanwhile, the heating element 303 heats the material through... The heat transfer copper wire 315 is delivered to the memory spring 313. As the displacement column 309 moves, it opens the gap of the air inlet slot 310 to allow gas to pass through the bottom of the displacement column 309 and enter the interior of the common plate 305 through the air vent 311. Some of the gas is discharged through the spiral perforation 304, while the other part of the gas passes through the top rod 306 and is discharged through the vent 308. The gas passing through the spiral perforation 304 is guided to rotate by the spiral blade inside and merges with the gas discharged through the vent 308, increasing the gas dispersion area. The gas will be heated when it passes through the memory spring 313 and the heat-conducting wire 312.

[0056] S4. Part of the gas injected into the loading tray 300 will pass through the exhaust port 401 in the side rotating column 400 and be discharged into the material in the loading tray 300. At the same time, the electric guide rail 402 drives the sliding shoe 403 to move slowly, so that the transmission collar 405 continuously rubs against multiple side rotating columns 400 and rotates. When the material is freeze-dried, the side rotating column 400 cannot drive the material to rotate and achieve self-rotation, and continuously discharges gas into the material. As the material thaws, the side rotating column 400 will disturb the material and improve the diffusion efficiency of water vapor.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The material is placed on the tray (300) and then the rack (200) is placed into the pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103) to seal and cool it, so that the moisture in the material is frozen. S2. The shelf (200) is moved to the top of the pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103), and then the vacuum cover (104) is sealed. After vacuuming, the heating element (303) is operated to control the temperature and heat the ice crystals so that the water vapor is captured by the cold trap. S3. During the pre-freezing process, the adjusting component controls the top rod (306) to shrink and increase its cold contact area. After the pre-freezing is completed, the adjusting component is operated to move multiple top rods (306) upward, thereby pushing out the freeze-dried material, while continuously supplying air into the shelf (200). S4. Part of the gas injected into the loading tray (300) will pass through the exhaust port (401) in the side rotating column (400) and be discharged into the material in the loading tray (300), increasing the diffusion efficiency of water vapor. The intelligent vacuum freeze dryer includes a main unit (100) and a pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103) formed therein, and also includes: A shelf (200) is placed inside a pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103). The shelf (200) has an internal cavity and the bottom of the shelf (200) is connected to a main air inlet (202) for gas to enter its internal cavity. The tray (300) is constructed with multiple uniformly arranged inside the shelf (200) for storing materials. The tray (300) has multiple planar grids (302) arranged in an array inside and heating elements (303) for releasing heat. The planar grids (302) have multiple push rods (306) inside that can push the materials to move. The planar grids (302) have an adjustment component inside that can adjust the position of the push rods (306) according to different usage environments. The side rotating column (400) has multiple uniformly rotatably connected to the side wall of the tray (300). Each of the side rotating columns (400) has multiple exhaust ports (401) inside, and the tray (300) has an internal structure that can drive the side rotating column (400) to rotate. The adjustment assembly includes a common plate (305) fixedly connected to the bottom of multiple push rods (306), the interior of the planar grid (302) is provided with multiple spiral perforations (304) for sliding of the push rods (306), and the interior of the planar grid (302) is provided with a push rod (314) for driving the common plate (305) to move, and the top of each of the multiple push rods (306) is fixedly connected with a closing piece (307) adapted to the spiral perforation (304). The outer surface of the planar grid (302) is provided with multiple air inlet slots (310). The planar grid (302) is slidably connected to a displacement column (309) that is fixedly connected to and communicates with the common plate (305). The bottom of the displacement column (309) is fixedly connected to the push rod (314). The displacement column (309) can seal multiple air inlet slots (310). The interior of the displacement column (309) is provided with multiple air vents (311) for gas to pass through. The interior of the common plate (305) is provided with multiple air vents (316). The interior of the spiral perforation (304) is constructed with a spiral channel. The top of each of the multiple push rods (306) is provided with an air vent (308). The bottom of the displacement column (309) is fixedly connected to a memory spring (313), and the outer surface of the heating element (303) is connected to a heat transfer copper wire (315) connected to the memory spring (313) through a heat-conducting sheet. The interior of the displacement column (309) is spirally arranged with a heat-conducting wire (312) that conducts heat to the memory spring (313).

2. The method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelf (200) has multiple partitions (201) for supporting trays (300) connected by a spiral inside. The top of the multiple partitions (201) is connected to a diversion air inlet (203). The bottom of the multiple trays (300) is equipped with a connection port (301) adapted to the diversion air inlet (203).

3. The method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enhancement component includes an electric guide rail (402) fixedly connected to the loading tray (300), a plurality of slip shoes (403) slidably connected to the top of the electric guide rail (402), and a connecting rod (404) fixedly connected to the top of each of the slip shoes (403), and a transmission collar (405) that can contact the side rotating column (400) is connected to the plurality of connecting rods (404).

4. The method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host (100) is equipped with a cooling structure to reduce the temperature inside the pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103).

5. The method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum hood (104), which is located above the pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103) and fitted onto the outer surface of the shelf (200). The top of the vacuum hood (104) is provided with a water trap observation window (105), and a fastening rod (106) is installed on the top of the vacuum hood (104).

6. The method of using an intelligent vacuum freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host (100) has a vacuum port (101) on one side to evacuate the pre-freezing vacuum chamber (103), and a pressure relief port (102) on one side of the host (100).

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