A rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The present application relates to rock mass instability monitoring technical field, specifically disclose a kind of rock mass instability monitoring early warning device, including monitoring skeleton, monitoring skeleton includes multiple monitoring unit plate, two adjacent monitoring unit plate are hinged by hinged assembly, both sides of each monitoring unit plate are hinged pressing plate, monitoring unit plate bottom is equipped with flexible sensor assembly, both ends of flexible sensor assembly are turned up and adhere to on pressing plate, pressing plate side is equipped with multiple installation slot, each installation slot is equipped with winding wheel, winding wheel is equipped with pull rope, pull rope is equipped with sensor.The beneficial effects of the present application: monitoring skeleton can be installed and fixed along the direction of crack, not only suitable for straight crack use, but also suitable for curved crack use, flexible sensor assembly can be pressed tightly on rock mass by pressing plate, the firmness of flexible sensor assembly can also be detected by pressure sensor, ensure the accuracy of flexible sensor assembly for rock mass instability monitoring early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock mass instability monitoring technology, and in particular to a rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device. Background Technology

[0002] The stability of rock mass directly determines the safety of engineering projects. Monitoring and real-time early warning of rock mass stability are crucial technical guarantees for safe construction in rock engineering. During construction, rock mass is affected by vibrations from surrounding construction sites, which can cause it to crack. If reinforcement and monitoring are not implemented after cracking, the probability of rock mass instability increases significantly. (See also...) Figure 10 When a crack 200 exists on the rock mass 100, reinforcement grout is first injected into the crack 200. After the grout solidifies, a flexible sensor assembly 300 is laid and bonded onto the surface of the existing crack. Once the flexible sensor assembly is firmly secured, the stability of the rock mass is monitored through the flexible sensor assembly. If the rock mass becomes unstable again, the deformation of the rock mass will cause the flexible sensor assembly to deform, triggering an alarm signal. Although this method can monitor and warn of rock mass stability to a certain extent, when the rock and soil become unstable, the rock mass on both sides of the crack 200 may sink or bulge together. In this case, the flexible sensor assembly and the rock mass on both sides of the crack 200 are in a relatively static state, and the flexible sensor assembly cannot detect it. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device includes a monitoring frame, which comprises multiple monitoring unit plates. Adjacent monitoring unit plates are hinged together by a hinge assembly. Each monitoring unit plate has a groove on both sides, and a slider is slidably connected in each groove. One side of the slider is hinged to a pressure plate by a spring hinge. When the spring hinge is in a free state, the pressure plate is perpendicular to the monitoring unit plate. Rotating the pressure plate upwards causes it to fit against the monitoring unit plate. The pressure plates on both sides of the monitoring unit plate are temporarily fixed together by tape. A flexible sensor assembly is provided at the bottom of the monitoring unit plate. The two ends of the flexible sensor assembly are flipped upwards and attached to the pressure plate. One side of the pressure plate has multiple mounting slots, each containing a winding wheel with a pull rope attached to it. The winding wheel has torque and can wind up the pull rope in a free state. The other end of the pull rope is fixed to the flexible sensor assembly, and a sensor is mounted on the pull rope.

[0006] Preferably, a guide ring is fixedly connected in the mounting groove by a fixing rod, the guide ring and the pull rope pass through the guide ring, and the sensor is set between the guide ring and the winding wheel.

[0007] Preferably, a cover plate is provided at the opening of the mounting groove, and a clearance hole is provided on the cover plate, through which the pull rope passes.

[0008] Preferably, a spring is fixedly connected between the slider and the top of the slide groove, and a first threaded hole penetrating the monitoring unit plate is provided on the top of the slide groove, with a first screw connected to the internal thread of the first threaded hole.

[0009] Preferably, the hinge assembly includes a hinge shaft, and the monitoring unit plate is provided with a hinge hole corresponding to the hinge shaft. The hinge shaft rotates within the hinge hole, thereby realizing the mutual hinge of two adjacent monitoring unit plates.

[0010] Preferably, the upper outer surface of the hinge shaft is provided with an external thread, and a locking nut is threadedly connected at the external thread. By rotating the locking nut, the two monitoring unit plates can be locked and fixed.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the hinge shaft is provided with a second threaded hole, the second threaded hole is internally threaded with a second screw, the lower end of the second screw is rotatably connected to a rotating block, and the lower end of the rotating block is fixedly connected to a tapered insert rod.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The monitoring frame of the rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device provided by the present invention can be installed and fixed along the direction of the crack, which is not only suitable for use with straight cracks, but also for use with curved cracks. The flexible sensor assembly can be pressed tightly onto the rock mass by the pressure plate, and the firmness of the flexible sensor assembly can be detected by the pressure sensor to ensure the accuracy of the flexible sensor assembly in monitoring and early warning of rock mass instability. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a basic structural diagram of a rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device provided by the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the connection structure between two adjacent monitoring unit boards;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the monitoring unit board;

[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a basic structural diagram of a hinge assembly;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a state diagram when the pressure plate and the flexible sensor assembly are separated;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state when the pressure plate is in contact with the flexible sensor assembly;

[0020] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of part M;

[0021] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 N enlarged images;

[0022] Figure 10 It is a monitoring and early warning map based on existing technology. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment of a rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device includes a foldable monitoring frame 8, which comprises multiple monitoring unit plates 1. Adjacent monitoring unit plates 1 are hinged together by a hinge assembly 2. By changing the angle between adjacent monitoring unit plates 1, the monitoring frame 8 can be arranged along the cracks 200 of the rock mass 100. The hinge assembly 2 includes a hinge shaft 21. The monitoring unit plates 1 are provided with hinge holes corresponding to the hinge shaft 21. The hinge shaft 21 rotates within the hinge holes, thereby achieving mutual hinge between adjacent monitoring unit plates 1. The upper outer surface of the hinge shaft 21 is provided with an external thread, and a locking nut 22 is threadedly connected to the external thread. After the angle of the monitoring unit plates 1 is adjusted, the locking nut 22 is rotated to lock and fix the two monitoring unit plates 1, preventing them from rotating relative to each other. The upper end of the hinge shaft 21 is provided with a second threaded hole 23, and a second screw 24 is internally threaded into the second threaded hole 23. The lower end of the second screw 24 is rotatably connected to a rotating block 25, and the lower end of the rotating block 25 is fixedly connected to a tapered insert 26. After the angle of the monitoring unit plate 1 is adjusted, the second screw 24 is rotated, and a downward compressive force is applied to the tapered insert 26 through the second screw 24, thereby inserting the tapered insert 26 into the crack 200 of the rock mass 100. After the reinforcing grout is injected into the crack 200, the grout solidifies and forms a whole with the tapered insert 26. The tapered insert 26 acts as a reinforcing rib, which on the one hand enhances the strength of the crack repair, and on the other hand, fixes the monitoring frame 8 to the surface of the rock mass 100 through the tapered insert 26.

[0026] Each monitoring unit plate 1 has a sliding groove 11 on both sides, and a slider 12 is slidably connected in each sliding groove 11. A spring 14 is fixedly connected between the slider 12 and the top of the sliding groove 11. The top of the sliding groove 11 has a first threaded hole that penetrates the monitoring unit plate 1. A first screw 15 is threaded into the first threaded hole. The first screw 15 pushes the slider 12 down to the bottom of the sliding groove 11. At this time, the spring 14 is in a tensioned state. One side of the slider 12 is hinged to the pressure plate 3 through a spring hinge 13. The spring hinge 13 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. When the spring hinge 13 is in a free state, the pressure plate 3 is perpendicular to the monitoring unit plate 1. The operator can rotate the pressure plate upwards. Plate 3 is used to make the pressure plate 3 fit against the monitoring unit plate 1. The pressure plates 3 on both sides of the monitoring unit plate 1 are temporarily fixed together by tape 4. A flexible sensor assembly 300 is provided at the bottom of the monitoring unit plate 1. The two ends of the flexible sensor assembly 300 are flipped up and attached to the pressure plate 3. The flexible sensor assembly 300 includes two flexible plates and a flexible sensor is set between the two flexible plates. The flexible sensor refers to the wireless sensing device disclosed in CN202210206249.2. An adhesive layer is provided on one of the flexible plates and a release paper is provided on the adhesive layer. After the release paper is torn off, the flexible sensor assembly 300 can be glued to the rock mass 100 by the adhesive layer.

[0027] The pressure plate 3 has multiple mounting slots 31 on one side, and each mounting slot 31 is equipped with a winding wheel 33. The winding wheel 33 is equipped with a pull rope 34. The winding wheel 33 has a torque force and can wind up the pull rope 34 in a free state. The winding wheel 33 with unidirectional torque force is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The other end of the pull rope 34 is provided with an adhesive cloth 37. The adhesive cloth 37 is bonded and fixed to the flexible sensor assembly 300. Under the action of the torque force of the winding wheel 33, the flexible sensor assembly 300 is tightly attached to the pressure plate 3.

[0028] A guide ring 35 is fixedly connected to the mounting groove 31 by a fixing rod. A pull rope 34 passes through the guide ring 35, and a sensor 36 is positioned between the guide ring 35 and the take-up reel 33. The sensor 36 is mounted on the pull rope 34. The sensor 36 is a pressure sensor. To facilitate the compression of the flexible sensor assembly 300, a cover plate 32 is provided at the opening of the mounting groove 31. The cover plate 32 has clearance holes through which the pull rope 34 passes. This allows the cover plate 32 to block the mounting groove, preventing the flexible sensor assembly 300 from being unable to be compressed at the mounting groove.

[0029] During use, the monitoring frame 8 is first installed and fixed along the direction of the crack, and the conical rod 26 is inserted into the crack. Then, grout is injected into the crack. After the grout solidifies, the tape 4 is cut. After the pressure plate 3 loses the tension of the tape 4, it rotates downward under the torque of the spring hinge 13, thereby pressing the flexible sensor assembly 300 onto the surface of the rock mass 100. After the flexible sensor assembly 300 is firmly bonded, the first screw 15 is loosened. After the slider 12 loses the limit of the first screw 15, it moves upward under the rebound force of the spring 14. At this time, the pressure plate 3 also moves upward with the slider. When the pressure plate 3 moves upward, it generates an upward pulling force on the flexible sensor assembly 300 through the pull rope 34. As the pressure plate 3 rises, the winding wheel 33 also unwinds the pull rope 34. As the pressure plate continues to rise, the guide ring 35 finally contacts the sensor 36. After the spring is free again, the pressure plate reaches the corresponding height, and the sensor 36 obtains a pressure value. At this point, the values ​​of sensors 36 in multiple mounting slots should be identical. If the value of a single sensor 36 differs from that in other locations, it indicates that the flexible sensor assembly 300 at that location is not firmly bonded to the rock mass. When the values ​​of all sensors 36 decrease significantly, it indicates that the flexible sensor assembly 300 has completely detached. During subsequent monitoring, the flexible sensor assembly 300 can monitor and provide early warning of rock mass instability, while the sensors 36 monitor the firmness of the flexible sensor assembly 300's fixation to the rock mass. Simultaneously, the sensors 36 can also provide auxiliary monitoring of rock mass instability; that is, when the rock mass on both sides of crack 200 both depressions or protrudes, the conical rod 26 can serve as a reference benchmark, working in conjunction with the sensors 36 to detect whether changes have occurred in the rock mass on both sides of crack 200. Furthermore, in actual use, the pressure plate and the flexible sensor assembly 300 are in a separated state, and the pressure plate will not interfere with the deformation of the flexible sensor assembly 300.

Claims

1. A rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of monitoring skeleton (8), the monitoring skeleton (8) includes multiple monitoring unit plates (1), two adjacent monitoring unit plates (1) are hinged by hinged assembly (2), both sides of each monitoring unit plate (1) are equipped with sliding slot (11), each sliding slot (11) is slidably connected with sliding block (12), one side of the sliding block (12) is hinged pressing plate (3) by spring hinge (13), when the spring hinge (13) is in free state, the pressing plate (3) is in perpendicular state with the monitoring unit plate (1), upward turning pressing plate (3) makes that pressing plate (3) is attached to the monitoring unit plate (1), the pressing plate (3) between the two sides of the monitoring unit plate (1) is temporarily fixed by adhesive tape (4), the bottom of the monitoring unit plate (1) is equipped with flexible sensor assembly (300), both ends of flexible sensor assembly (300) are turned up and attached to the pressing plate (3), one side of the pressing plate (3) is equipped with multiple installation grooves (31), each installation groove (31) is equipped with winding wheel (33), the winding wheel (33) is equipped with pull rope (34), winding wheel (33) has torque force, can wind pull rope (34) in free state, the other end of the pull rope (34) is fixed with flexible sensor assembly (300), the pull rope (34) is equipped with sensor (36), sensor (36) uses pressure sensor.

2. The rock mass instability monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation groove (31) is fixedly connected with guide ring (35) by fixed rod, the pull rope (34) passes through the guide ring (35), and the sensor (36) is arranged between the guide ring (35) and the winding wheel (33).

3. The rock mass instability monitoring and warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot of the installation groove (31) is provided with a cover plate (32), the cover plate (32) is provided with a clearance hole, and the pull rope (34) passes through the clearance hole.

4. The rock mass instability monitoring and warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (14) is fixedly connected between the sliding block (12) and the top of the sliding slot (11), the top of the sliding slot (11) is provided with a first threaded hole penetrating the monitoring unit plate (1), and the first threaded hole is threadedly connected with the first screw (15).

5. The rock mass instability monitoring and warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinged assembly (2) comprises a hinge shaft (21), the monitoring unit plate (1) is provided with a hinge hole corresponding to the hinge shaft (21), the hinge shaft (21) rotates in the hinge hole, so that the two adjacent monitoring unit plates (1) are hinged to each other.

6. The rock mass instability monitoring and warning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the upper end of the hinge shaft (21), a locking nut (22) is threadedly connected at the external thread, the two monitoring unit plates (1) can be locked and fixed by rotating the locking nut (22).

7. The rock mass instability monitoring and warning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hinge shaft (21) is provided with a second threaded hole (23) at the upper end, the second threaded hole (23) is threadedly connected with the second screw (24), the lower end of the second screw (24) is rotatably connected with a rotating block (25), and the lower end of the rotating block (25) is fixedly connected with a tapered insertion rod (26).

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