Aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery module and battery system as well as preparation method and application of aerogel heat insulation sheet

Abstract

The invention discloses an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery module and system. The aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises an aerogel heat insulation layer and a packaging layer, wherein the packaging layer contains a phase change material or a cooling liquid and can contain or can not contain a package for the aerogel, the phase change material or the cooling liquid; when the new energy heat insulation sheet is used, the aerogel heat insulation layer is placed between the battery cells, every two adjacent battery cells are separated through the heat insulation sheet, and the effects of heat insulation, phase change heat absorption and flame retardance are achieved. Specifically, the aerogel mainly plays a role in heat insulation and heat insulation; the phase change cooling material has a phase change heat absorption effect; the cooling liquid and the cooling liquid with the phase change can achieve a cooling effect through phase change refrigeration; the packaging layer is mainly used for packaging the cooling liquid and the phase change cooling material in aerogel pores.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy battery heat insulation, and particularly relates to a new energy battery module, an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a battery system and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the main power source of new energy vehicles, the power battery is of great importance to the new energy vehicles. In the actual vehicle use process, the battery will face complex and changeable use conditions. In order to improve the cruising range, as many battery cells as possible need to be arranged in a certain space, so the space of the battery pack on the vehicle is very limited. A large amount of heat is generated by the battery during the vehicle operation and accumulates in the relatively small space over time. Due to the dense stacking of the battery cells in the battery pack, the heat dissipation in the middle region is relatively difficult, which aggravates the temperature inconsistency between the battery cells, and the result is to reduce the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery and affect the power of the battery. In severe cases, it can also lead to thermal runaway, affecting the safety and service life of the system.

[0003] The temperature of the power battery has a great influence on its performance, service life and safety. At low temperature, the lithium ion battery will have the phenomena of increased internal resistance and reduced capacity, and in extreme cases, the electrolyte will freeze and the battery will not be able to discharge, etc. The low-temperature performance of the battery system is greatly affected, causing the power output performance of the electric vehicle to decay and the cruising range to decrease. Battery thermal management is one of the important functions of BMS, which is mainly to keep the battery pack always working in a suitable temperature range, so as to maintain the best working state of the battery pack. The thermal management of the battery mainly includes cooling, heating and temperature equalization functions. The cooling and heating functions are mainly for adjusting the possible influence of the external environment temperature on the battery. Temperature equalization is used to reduce the temperature difference inside the battery pack to prevent rapid decay caused by overheating of some part of the battery. We generally expect the battery to work in the temperature range of 20-35℃, which can achieve the best power output and input of the vehicle, the maximum available energy and the longest cycle life.

[0004] Generally speaking, the cooling mode of the power battery mainly includes air cooling, liquid cooling and direct cooling. The air cooling mode uses natural wind or passenger compartment cooling wind to flow through the surface of the battery to achieve the effect of heat exchange cooling. The liquid cooling generally uses an independent cooling liquid pipeline to heat or cool the power battery, and at present, this kind of mode is the mainstream of cooling, such as Tesla and volt which adopt this kind of cooling mode. The direct cooling system does not use the cooling pipeline of the power battery, but directly uses the refrigerant to cool the power battery; among them, the liquid cooling is the mainstream mode.

[0005] On the other hand, the thermal runaway of the adjacent battery does not occur when the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, which is the core strategy in the current mainstream safety thermal management system. At present, the main way is to use aerogel for thermal insulation and increase liquid cooling technology. Especially in high specific energy battery systems, such as CN114497826A announced by Ningde Times, which needs to use liquid cooling plates on the bottom and large surface of the battery cell. Pure aerogel only has thermal insulation effect.

[0006] The present application uses high-porosity aerogel to soak part of the cooling liquid containing phase change material, retains a certain porosity, allows the battery to change when the thermal runaway occurs, and allows the phase change material to flow in the pores, taking away a certain amount of heat, and plays a role in thermal insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction. Ultimately, the aerogel itself has the functions of thermal insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction.

[0007] In view of this, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0008] One object of the present application is to provide an aerogel sheet for new energy batteries to solve the problem that the existing aerogel only has thermal insulation and heat insulation functions. The present application uses high-porosity aerogel to soak part of the cooling liquid containing phase change material, retains a certain porosity, allows the battery to change when the thermal runaway occurs, and allows the phase change material to flow in the pores, taking away a certain amount of heat, and plays a role in thermal insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction. Ultimately, the aerogel itself has the functions of thermal insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0010] An aerogel thermal insulation sheet for new energy batteries and modules, characterized in that the aerogel thermal insulation sheet comprises an aerogel layer and a phase change material or a cooling liquid.

[0011] As a specific technical solution, the packaging material is used to encapsulate the phase change material or the cooling liquid in the pores of the aerogel. The packaging material can be one or more of polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester film (PET), polypropylene (PP), nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC), PI, silicone, polyester and flame-retardant materials thereof; preferably PET and PI.

[0012] As a specific technical solution, the thickness of the packaging material is preferably 10-500 μm. It can be exemplified as one or a range of values of any two of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μm.

[0013] As a specific technical solution, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel in the aerogel thermal insulation sheet is 0~1mw / mk at room temperature, preferably 0~0.5mw / mk; the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.5 mw / mk; the density is 0.01~5mg / cm 3 , preferably 0.01~2mg / cm 3 , can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg / cm 3 ; the specific surface area is 200~2000m 2 / g, preferably 300~1000m 2 / g, can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 m 2 / g; the porosity is 30~99.8%, preferably 50~99.8%, can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 99.8%.

[0014] As a specific technical solution, the thickness of the aerogel is 0.1~8mm, preferably the thickness of the aerogel is 0.5~5mm, can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5mm.

[0015] As a specific technical solution, the thickness of the aerogel thermal insulation sheet can be 0.1mm~10mm; preferably 0.5mm~5mm, can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5mm. The thermal conductivity of the aerogel thermal insulation sheet is 0~20mw / mk at room temperature, preferably 0~2mw / m, exemplarily 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mw / mk; the density is 0.01~10mg / cm 3 , preferably 0.01~5mg / cm 3 , can be exemplarily in the range of one or any two of 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg / cm 3 ; the specific surface area is 200~2000m2 / g, preferably 400~1000m2 / g, which can exemplarily be one or any two of the range values of 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 m 2 / g, which can exemplarily be one or any two of the range values of 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 90%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the phase change material or cooling liquid has a mass ratio of 0-100%, preferably 0-100%, which can exemplarily be one or any two of the range values of 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 80%, 90%, 100%.

[0017] Another object of the present application is to provide a power-consuming device comprising the battery module or battery system prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods, and the battery as a power supply for the power-consuming device.

[0018] The power-consuming device of the present application comprises the above-mentioned module or battery, and thus has at least the same advantages as the solid-state battery.

[0019] An aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy batteries and modules, characterized in that the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises an aerogel layer and a phase change material or cooling liquid.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. Weighing the phase change cooling material or cooling liquid and placing it in a container;

[0022] S2. Soaking the aerogel in the above-mentioned liquid for a period of time and then taking it out; controlling the filling rate of the whole aerogel;

[0023] S3. Cutting to the required size and then wrapping with packaging material.

[0024] As a specific technical solution, the phase change cooling material or cooling liquid in step S1 can be compounded in a certain proportion, or can be used alone; the total is phase change cooling material + cooling liquid = 100.

[0025] As a specific technical solution, the filling rate in step S2 of the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet requires that the porosity ≤ the porosity of the aerogel before soaking.

[0026] Still another object of the present application is to provide a new energy battery module, system aerogel heat insulation sheet, the new energy battery as the power supply of the electric device. In a third aspect, the present application also provides a new energy battery module, system aerogel heat insulation sheet in the application of the battery, the battery includes any one of lithium ion battery, sodium ion battery, solid state battery, semi-solid battery.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) The present application provides a new energy battery module, system aerogel heat insulation sheet, which solves the problem that the aerogel only has the functions of heat insulation and heat insulation in the prior art. The high porosity aerogel is soaked in part of the cooling liquid containing phase change material, and a certain porosity is reserved, so that the battery changes when the phase change material absorbs heat during thermal runaway. At the same time, the phase change material flows in the pores by reserving a certain porosity, and carries away a certain amount of heat, which plays the roles of heat insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction. Finally, the aerogel itself has the functions of heat insulation, heat insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction;

[0029] (2) The preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet of the present application is simple and easy to scale up;

[0030] (3) The aerogel heat insulation sheet of the present application can be used in module and battery system, and as a power supply for electric equipment, which can realize the functions of heat insulation, heat insulation, heat absorption and heat conduction at the same time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present application will be described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In the examples and comparative examples, the experimental methods used are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below through specific examples.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The present application provides an aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1 Take 200ml FC-72 cooling liquid

[0037] S2 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the cooling liquid FC-72 for 2h, and is air-dried after being cooled at low temperature.

[0038] S3 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2

[0039] The embodiment provides an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1 take 200ml of FC-72 cooling liquid;

[0041] S2 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the cooling liquid FC-72 for 4h, and is air-dried after being cooled at low temperature.

[0042] S3 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2

[0043] Embodiment 3

[0044] The embodiment provides an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1 take 200ml of FC-72 cooling liquid;

[0046] S2 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the cooling liquid FC-72 for 6h, and is air-dried after being cooled at low temperature.

[0047] S3 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2

[0048] Embodiment 4

[0049] The embodiment provides an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1 take 200ml of FC-72 cooling liquid;

[0051] S2 cut to the required size after the packaging material is encapsulated. Embodiment 2 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the cooling liquid FC-72 for 8h, and is air-dried after being cooled at low temperature.

[0052] S3 cut to the required size with packaging material.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet includes the following steps:

[0055] S1 weigh 200ml of FC-72 coolant liquid;

[0056] S2 the length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, porosity 90%, specific surface area is 398.3g / cm 2 After aerogel is soaked in the liquid of coolant liquid FC-72 for 10h, take out, low-temperature cooling and dry;

[0057] S3 cut to the required size with packaging material.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet includes the following steps:

[0060] S1 weigh 200ml of FC-72 coolant liquid;

[0061] S2 the length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, porosity 90%, specific surface area is 398.3g / cm 2 After aerogel is soaked in the liquid of coolant liquid FC-72 for 12h, take out, low-temperature cooling and dry;

[0062] S3 cut to the required size with packaging material.

[0063] Example 7

[0064] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet includes the following steps:

[0065] S1 weigh 200ml of FC-72 coolant liquid;

[0066] S2 the length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, porosity 90%, specific surface area is 398.3g / cm after aerogel is soaked in the liquid of coolant liquid FC-72 for 14h, take out, low-temperature cooling and dry;

[0067] S3 cut to the required size with packaging material.

[0068] Example 8

[0069] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet.

[0070] S1, 200ml of FC-72 coolant is weighed;

[0071] S2, the aerogel with a length*width of 60mm*40mm, a thickness of 3mm, a porosity of 90%, and a specific surface area of 398.3g / cm 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the FC-72 coolant for 16h, and is cooled and dried at low temperature;

[0072] S3, the aerogel is cut to a required size and is packaged with packaging material.

[0073] Embodiment 9

[0074] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet.

[0075] S1, 200ml of FC-72 coolant is weighed;

[0076] S2, the aerogel with a length*width of 60mm*40mm, a thickness of 3mm, a porosity of 90%, and a specific surface area of 398.3g / cm 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid of the FC-72 coolant for 18h, and is cooled and dried at low temperature;

[0077] S3, the aerogel is cut to a required size and is packaged with packaging material.

[0078] Embodiment 10

[0079] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, and a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet.

[0080] S1, Na2SO410H2O is crushed to a nanometer level, and then 5% phase change cooling material Na2SO410H2O and 95% coolant FC-72 are mixed, with a total mass of 250g;

[0081] S2, the aerogel with a length*width of 60mm*40mm, a thickness of 3mm, a porosity of 90%, and a specific surface area of 398.3g / cm 2 The aerogel is taken out after being soaked in the liquid for 14h, and is cooled and dried at low temperature;

[0082] S3, the aerogel is cut to a required size and is packaged with packaging material.

[0083] Embodiment 11

[0084] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, wherein a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps.

[0085] S1 After Na2SO410H2O is crushed to a nanometer level, 10% phase change cooling material Na2SO410H2O and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed, and the total mass is 250g;

[0086] S2 The length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, 90% porosity, and 398.3g / cm2 specific surface area aerogel is soaked in the above liquid for 14h, taken out, and dried after low-temperature cooling. 2 The aerogel is soaked in the above liquid for 14h, taken out, and dried after low-temperature cooling.

[0087] S3 After being cut to a required size, the aerogel is packaged with packaging material.

[0088] Embodiment 12

[0089] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, wherein a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps.

[0090] S1 After Na2SO410H2O is crushed to a nanometer level, 10% phase change cooling material Na2SO410H2O and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed, and the total mass is 250g;

[0091] S2 The length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, 90% porosity, and 398.3g / cm2 specific surface area aerogel is soaked in the above liquid for 14h, taken out, and dried after low-temperature cooling. 2 The aerogel is soaked in the above liquid for 14h, taken out, and dried after low-temperature cooling.

[0092] S3 After being cut to a required size, the aerogel is packaged with packaging material.

[0093] Embodiment 13

[0094] The embodiment provides a new energy battery aerogel heat insulation sheet, wherein a preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet comprises the following steps.

[0095] S1 10% phase change cooling material paraffin and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed at high temperature, the paraffin is melted into a liquid to form a mixed solution.

[0096] S2 The length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, 90% porosity, and 398.3g / cm2 specific surface area aerogel is soaked in the above liquid for 14h, taken out, and dried after low-temperature cooling.

[0097] S3 After being cut to a required size, the aerogel is packaged with packaging material.

[0098] Example 14

[0099] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet, including the following steps:

[0100] S1 10% phase change cooling material paraffin and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed at high temperature, and paraffin is melted into liquid to form mixed solution;

[0101] S2 after being soaked in the above liquid for 14h, the aerogel with length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, porosity 90%, specific surface area 398.3g / cm is taken out, and is dried after low-temperature cooling;

[0102] S3 after cutting to the size required, it is packaged with packaging material.

[0103] Example 15

[0104] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet, including the following steps:

[0105] S1 10% phase change cooling material paraffin and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed at high temperature, and paraffin is melted into liquid to form mixed solution;

[0106] S2 after being soaked in the above liquid for 14h, the aerogel with length * width = 60mm * 40mm, 3mm thick, porosity 90%, specific surface area 398.3g / cm is taken out, and is dried after low-temperature cooling;

[0107] S3 after cutting to the size required, it is packaged with packaging material.

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] The present embodiment provides a kind of aerogel heat insulation sheet for new energy battery, wherein the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet, including the following steps:

[0110] S1 10% phase change cooling material paraffin and 90% cooling liquid FC-72 are mixed at high temperature, and paraffin is melted into liquid to form mixed solution; 2 The aerogel is packaged with packaging material after cutting to the size required.

[0111] The aerogel heat insulation sheet prepared has the parameter characteristics shown in Table 1. The aerogel heat insulation sheets of Examples 1-15 and Comparative Example 1 are tested for porosity, thermal conductivity, specific surface area and heat insulation capacity.

[0112] The test method for heat insulation capacity is:

[0113] The testing method of porosity and specific surface area is as follows: when the specific surface and pore size distribution tester is used to test and analyze the porous material, the following steps are generally followed:

[0114] (1) The sample to be tested (30-500 mg, different according to the specific surface area of the sample) is loaded into the sample tube.

[0115] (2) The sample tube is loaded into the degassing station. When loading the sample tube, the sample tube must be aligned with the port, the screw is tightened to ensure safety and sealing. Then the heating jacket is placed on the sample tube, and the file information and degassing temperature parameters are set. The vacuum pump is turned on, and the sample is heated and vacuum degassed to remove the gas adsorbed on the surface of the material.

[0116] (3) After degassing, the heating power is turned off, and the sample is cooled to room temperature. After filling with helium to normal pressure, the sample tube is removed and immediately covered with a rubber plug. The weight is weighed to 0.1 mg, and the weight of the helium-filled sample tube, plug and filling rod is recorded. This is the gross weight of the sample tube. The same sample tube, plug and filling rod are used for the following work.

[0117] The sample is weighed by the subtraction method: 1. Place the support on the balance and zero the skin; 2. Put the sealing plug on the sample tube or put the plug on the support, and record the reading m1; 3. Load the sample into the sample tube through the funnel, seal the plug or plug, weigh and record the reading m2; 4. Load the degassed sample tube into the degassing station; 5. Put the cooled sample tube into the zeroed support after degassing, weigh and record the reading m3; 6. Subtract the reading m1 from the reading m3 to obtain the sample mass.

[0118] (4) The weighed sample tube is loaded into the analysis station. Liquid nitrogen is added to the Dewar flask, and the sample mass is input into the analysis file. Set the test parameters, and start the adsorption and desorption test process.

[0119] (5) After the test is completed, the sample in the sample tube is taken out; the sample tube is washed and dried for standby use.

[0120] The testing method of thermal conductivity is according to GB10294-2008.

[0121] Table 1 Test data of each embodiment

[0122]

[0123] From the above test results, from the comparative example, it can be seen that the aerogel itself without any treatment has a thermal conductivity of 0.13 at 500°C. After soaking in the cooling liquid, due to the retention of a certain porosity, the cooling liquid can be moved from one end to the other at high temperature, taking away part of the heat. Therefore, the thermal conductivity is reduced. From examples 1-7, it can be seen that after soaking in the cooling liquid, the porosity and specific surface area are reduced to different degrees due to the soaking time of the cooling liquid, so the thermal conductivity is gradually reduced. Examples 8-9, due to the soaking and penetration of the cooling liquid, are achieved by molecular motion. When the soaking time is long enough, the porosity and specific surface area change little, so the thermal conductivity is not much different. From examples 10-12, it can be seen that adding a small amount of nano-sodium sulfate hydrate powder can take away heat to a certain extent due to the phase change of sodium sulfate hydrate, thereby further reducing the thermal conductivity. However, since sodium sulfate hydrate is a solid particle, its content is too high and easy to block the pores, so its proportion cannot be too high. From example 13, the phase change agent used is cheaper paraffin wax. At the same time, at high temperature, the paraffin wax becomes a solution and infiltrates in the pores. At low temperature, the paraffin wax becomes solid and solidifies in the aerogel. When the temperature is high, the heat of the aerogel will cause the paraffin wax to change from solid to liquid, absorbing part of the heat. At the same time, under the action of high temperature, the remaining part of the pores can be used as the flow space for the cooling liquid and the paraffin wax. Further take away heat, so its thermal conductivity is relatively lower. Example 14 uses Novec649, which has a relatively high thermal conductivity, so its thermal conductivity is higher than that of example 13. Example 15 uses dimethyl silicone oil as the cooling liquid. Since the thermal conductivity of dimethyl silicone oil itself is high, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel thermal insulation sheet is further increased to 0.18 W / mk.

[0124] The aerogel thermal insulation sheet of the present application can be used in battery modules and battery systems, which can significantly reduce the temperature conduction to adjacent cells after thermal runaway of the cells, thereby improving the safety performance of the modules and systems.

[0125] Table 2. Physical properties of different cooling liquids

[0126]

[0127] The aerogel thermal insulation sheet for battery modules and battery systems provided by the present application can be applied to lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, solid-state batteries, semi-solid-state batteries, and negative electrode-free batteries.

[0128] The above examples only illustrate the concept and technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modification or change on the above examples made by any person with ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, shall be covered by the claims of the present application.

[0129] In addition, it should be understood that, although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the present specification is described in this way only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. The invention discloses an aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery module and system, characterized in that, The aerogel insulation sheet includes an aerogel layer, a phase change material or coolant, and a packaging layer that may or may not contain the aerogel, phase change material, or coolant packaged therein.

2. According to claim 1, the feature is that, The thickness of the aerogel insulation sheet can be 0.1 mm to 10 mm; the thermal conductivity of the aerogel insulation sheet is 0 to 20 mW / mK at room temperature, and the density is 0.01 to 10 mg / cm³. 3 Specific surface area is 200~1500m² 2 / g, porosity 5~99.8%.

3. According to claim 1, the feature is that, The aerogel layer can be made of inorganic or organic aerogels. Inorganic aerogel layers can be glass fiber aerogel, pre-oxidized fiber aerogel, ceramic aerogel, SiO2 aerogel, Al2O3 aerogel, TiO2 aerogel, ZrO2 aerogel, CuO aerogel, or ZnO aerogel; organic aerogel layers can be nanocellulose aerogel, regenerated cellulose aerogel, and cellulose derivative aerogel; and one or more composites of carbon aerogel, carbide aerogel, and sulfide aerogel; the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is 0~1 mW / mK at room temperature, and its density is 0.01~5 mg / cm³. 3 Specific surface area is 200~1500m² 2 / g, porosity 5~99.8%; the thickness of the aerogel is 0.1~8mm.

4. According to claim 1, the feature is that, The phase change material can be one or more of the following: solid-solid phase change materials, solid-liquid phase change materials, etc.; the solid-solid phase change material can be one or more of the following: polyols (pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolethane, etc.), inorganic salts (Li2SO4, KHF2, CaCl2 6H2O, Na2SO4 10H2O, CaBr2 6H2O, CH3COONa3H2O, etc.), and organic polymers (high-density polyethylene); the solid-liquid phase change material can be paraffin wax, caprylic acid, polyethylene glycol, lauric acid-palmitic acid, lauric acid, pharmaceutical paraffin wax, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid.

5. According to claim 1, the coolant may be a single-phase electronic immersion fluid; one or more of the following: electronic fluorinated liquids, esters, synthetic hydrocarbons, organosilicon oils, castor oil, and water-based coolants; the electronic fluorinated liquid may be a fluorinated liquid such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), or hydrofluoroethers (HFEs). The coolant can be one or more of the following: Novec 649, Novec 7000, Novec 7100, HFE-7100, FC-72, SF33, HFE-6512, and TTE; the ester-based coolant can be one or more of the following: mivolt-df7, mivolt-dfk; the silicone oil coolant can be one or more of the following: silicone oil containing dimethyl, ethyl, hydrogen, ethyl, phenyl, chlorophenyl, trifluoropropyl, etc.; the water-based coolant can be one or more of the following: ethylene glycol aqueous solution, alumina nanofluid, polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, pentaerythritol aqueous solution, neopentyl glycol aqueous solution, etc.

6. According to claim 1, the packaging layer, which may or may not contain, can be a film material used for encapsulation. Specifically, it can be one or more of the following composite materials: polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyester film (PET), polypropylene (PP), nylon (PA), polycarbonate (PC), silicone, polyester materials, etc., and the above-mentioned flame-retardant modified materials; the thickness of the packaging layer is ≤2mm.

7. According to claim 1, the preparation method of the aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery system and module is as follows, including the following steps: S1 Weigh the phase change cooling material or coolant and place it in a container; S2. Soak the aerogel in the above liquid for a period of time and then take it out; control the overall filling rate of the aerogel (which can also be controlled by controlling the soaking time). S3 is cut to the required size and then wrapped with packaging material.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the phase change cooling material or coolant can be compounded in a certain proportion or used alone; the total is phase change cooling material + coolant = 100.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the filling rate requires that its porosity be ≤ the porosity of the aerogel before impregnation; and the soaking time be ≤ 24h.

10. An aerogel heat insulation sheet for a new energy battery system and module according to claim 1; characterized in that, The aerogel heat insulation sheet includes an aerogel layer, a phase change material or a coolant, and a packaging layer that may or may not contain the aerogel, phase change material, or coolant. The aerogel heat insulation sheet prepared by any one of claims 1 to 9 is used in battery modules, battery packs, battery groups, battery systems, and electrical devices. The battery includes any one of lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, solid-state batteries, semi-solid-state batteries, and negative electrode-free batteries.

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