Waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switch cabinet

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switch cabinet, and relates to the technical field of switch cabinets. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switch cabinet comprises a cabinet mechanism, the cabinet mechanism comprises a cabinet body, and heat dissipation grooves are evenly formed in the middles of the two side walls of the cabinet body at equal intervals in a penetrating mode; opening and closing mechanisms are arranged in the middles of the inner walls of the two sides of the cabinet body. The opening and closing mechanism is formed by vertically arranging opening and closing assemblies corresponding to the opening and closing mechanism; the opening and closing assembly comprises a filter screen assembly, the filter screen assembly comprises a screen frame fixedly connected with the cabinet body, and a filter screen is fixedly embedded in the wall surface of the screen frame; the opening and closing assembly comprises a baffle assembly, the baffle assembly comprises a baffle penetrating through the upper wall of the screen frame, and the upper end of the baffle is fixedly connected with a panel blocking the screen frame; the opening and closing mechanism comprises a cylinder; a ventilation mechanism is carried on the opening and closing assembly; an induction mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the cabinet mechanism, it is guaranteed that electrical elements in the cabinet can still conduct efficient heat dissipation in a mild rainfall environment, and the operation stability in a changeable rainfall scene is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of switchgear technology, specifically to a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage switchgear, as a core electrical device in the power system's generation, transmission, distribution, and energy conversion processes, undertakes critical functions such as on / off control, overload protection, and circuit isolation. It is widely used in various scenarios including power plants, substations, petrochemical plants, metallurgical mines, ports, high-rise buildings, and outdoor power distribution projects. With the continuous growth of electricity demand, the application environment of high-voltage switchgear is becoming increasingly complex. It not only needs to adapt to dry and clean indoor environments but also withstand harsh conditions such as outdoor rain and snow, coastal salt spray, industrial dust, and humid condensation.

[0003] In actual operation, rainwater, water vapor, and dust in the environment are the core hidden dangers affecting the reliability and service life of high-voltage switchgear. On the one hand, dust easily accumulates on the surface of key electrical components such as busbars, insulators, and circuit breakers inside the cabinet, leading to decreased insulation performance, poor contact, and in severe cases, short circuits, discharges, and other safety accidents. On the other hand, rainwater infiltration or condensation of water vapor in the air can directly corrode metal parts, damage insulation structures, cause equipment failure and shutdown, and even trigger large-scale power outages, causing significant losses to industrial production and residential life. Therefore, waterproof and dustproof performance has become one of the core technical indicators in the design of high-voltage switchgear.

[0004] Patent CN218124048U discloses a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear, including a cabinet. Limiting frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the cabinet's interior. Filters are installed on both sides of the cabinet's interior, and outer frames are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the filters. Multiple heat dissipation slots are formed inside both side walls of the cabinet. Multiple protective covers are fixedly connected to both sides of the cabinet, each protective cover corresponding to one of the heat dissipation slots. Limiting rails are fixedly connected to the bottom of each protective cover. A sealing baffle is slidably connected inside the limiting rails. The sealing baffle penetrates the side wall of the cabinet and is slidably connected to the cabinet. The sealing baffle extends to one end inside the cabinet and is fixedly connected to the filter. The system monitors the environment using rain and snow sensors. During rainy or snowy weather, rain and snow fall on the sensors and the top of the inclined plate. Rainwater slides off the top of the inclined plate, and the sensors send a signal to the dual-axis motor, which then starts and drives two transmission rods to rotate. When the two transmission rods rotate, they drive a threaded rod to rotate, which in turn moves the outer frame horizontally. The outer frame then moves the filter screen to both sides, causing the filter screen to move and press against the sealing baffle. As the filter screen moves, it compresses the spring, pushing the sealing baffle through the limiting sleeve and matching it with the limiting rail. This seals the sealing baffle against the limiting rail, reducing moisture flow and preventing excessive moisture from affecting electrical components.

[0005] The above solution seals the cabinet with filters and sealing baffles, using a closed structure to provide basic protection against rain and snow. However, if the seal is too tight, the heat inside the cabinet cannot be effectively dissipated. At the same time, in sunny weather, the structure designed to cope with rain and snow can also affect the heat dissipation. Electrical components working in high-temperature environments for a long time are prone to performance degradation and shortened lifespan.

[0006] In summary, existing high-voltage switchgear still has significant technical shortcomings in terms of balancing waterproofing and dustproofing with heat dissipation, and adaptability to complex environments, failing to fully meet the requirements for long-term stable operation in harsh environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear, comprising a cabinet mechanism, wherein the cabinet mechanism comprises a cabinet body, and heat dissipation grooves are evenly and equidistantly provided through the middle portions of the two side walls of the cabinet body; The cabinet is equipped with opening and closing mechanisms on the inner walls of both sides. The opening and closing mechanism is formed by vertically arranging the opening and closing components of the corresponding opening and closing mechanism; The opening and closing component includes a filter assembly, which includes a wire frame fixed to the cabinet, and a filter is fixedly embedded in the wall of the wire frame. The opening and closing component includes a baffle assembly, which includes a baffle that passes through the upper wall of the mesh frame, and a panel of the mesh frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle. The opening and closing mechanism includes a cylinder for controlling the baffle assembly; The opening and closing assembly is equipped with a ventilation mechanism for facilitating airflow. A sensing mechanism is provided on the outside of the cabinet mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the heat dissipation groove has a Z-shaped bending structure, the heat dissipation groove is divided into three sections: outer section, middle section and inner section, each section has a bending angle of 120°, and the heat dissipation groove has a stepped channel with a lower outer side and a higher inner side. The outer section of the heat dissipation groove is inclined downwards, and the opening direction of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove forms a 60° angle with the side wall of the cabinet. The width of the middle section of the heat dissipation groove narrows to half that of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove; The inner section of the heat dissipation groove faces into the cabinet. A water-blocking rib is horizontally embedded on the inner side of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove.

[0010] The mesh frame corresponds to the inner section of the heat dissipation groove. A hollow dust box is fixedly embedded in the lower wall of the mesh frame, and a dust groove is opened through the upper wall of the dust box on the side close to the filter screen.

[0011] The lower end of the baffle is fixedly connected to a scraper that fits the filter screen; The two ends of the panel are respectively embedded with connecting rods, and the connecting rods of adjacent opening and closing components are connected together. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the cabinet, and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the panel of the opening and closing assembly at the top.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation mechanism includes a bellows assembly and two connecting assemblies; The bellows assembly includes a vertical plate, a one-way valve is fixedly connected through the middle of the vertical plate, and movable plates are movably connected to the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate via hinges; the sides of the vertical plate and the movable plates are jointly surrounded by a baffle cloth. Each of the connecting components includes a mounting plate on which a base is fixedly connected; the mounting plate of the upper connecting component is fixedly connected to a panel, and the mounting plate of the lower connecting component is fixedly connected to a mesh frame. The end of the movable plate away from the vertical plate is connected to the fixed base via a hinge.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensing mechanism includes a base fixed to the top of the cabinet, and a canopy is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base. The upper port of the canopy is extended outward and covers the top of the cabinet. The bottom of the canopy is fitted with an inner block that is fixed to the base. The middle part of the inner block is raised and the two sides are inclined. Rain and snow sensors for controlling the cylinder are respectively embedded in the lower middle part of the two inclined surfaces of the inner block. The bottom of the canopy has pipe grooves on both sides that connect to the inclined surfaces of the inner blocks, and the pipe grooves extend through the base; a connecting pipe is fixedly embedded in the pipe groove, and the outer end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bend pipe, the end of the bend pipe is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting pipe that fits against the two sides of the side wall of the cabinet, and the lower end of the heat-conducting pipe is fixedly connected to an outwardly inclined drain pipe. U-shaped heat-conducting columns are evenly and uniformly fixed through the heat-conducting pipe, and the ends of the heat-conducting columns penetrate the side wall of the cabinet and extend into the cabinet body.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The sensing mechanism can directly block rainwater from splashing onto the cabinet, just like a rain shelter; it can also quickly guide the collected rainwater to drain out in a specific direction, preventing rainwater from accumulating on the top of the cabinet or flowing along the cabinet walls, greatly reducing the chance of rainwater coming into contact with the heat dissipation channel, reducing the risk of rainwater seeping into the cabinet through the heat dissipation channel from the source, providing a pre-emptive guarantee for the protection of the heat dissipation channel, and further enhancing the overall waterproof reliability.

[0015] 2. It solves the problem of wasting heat dissipation opportunities by closing the heat sink in light rain scenarios, and achieves simultaneous protection and heat dissipation in light rain. It ensures that the electrical components in the cabinet can still dissipate heat efficiently in mild rainy environments, and improves the operational stability in variable rain scenarios.

[0016] 3. In light rain, water cannot directly enter the heat dissipation tank. The water-blocking ribs form the first physical barrier, intercepting most of the splashing raindrops and water mist. Therefore, even in light rain, the heat dissipation tank can be left open to prevent water vapor penetration, thus improving the flexibility and reliability of equipment operation.

[0017] 4. Rainwater collected by the awning flows through heat pipes and passes through U-shaped heat-conducting columns that are evenly spaced and fixed on the heat pipes. Therefore, by utilizing the heat exchange between the rainwater and the heat-conducting columns, the heat inside the cabinet is quickly dissipated, and the rainwater is converted into a heat dissipation medium. This not only solves the heat dissipation problem after the cabinet is closed, but also realizes the rational use of rainwater resources. The heat dissipation efficiency is high and environmentally friendly.

[0018] 5. As the scraper moves downward, it pushes down the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter screen. At the same time, a dust box is set at the bottom of the screen frame. The dust can be transported into the dust box through the dust groove opened on the dust box for storage, realizing automatic dust cleaning of the filter screen components. There is no need for manual disassembly and cleaning, which greatly reduces the frequency of maintenance and the difficulty of operation, and extends the service life and filtration efficiency.

[0019] 6. By sliding the baffle assembly along the filter assembly, the air box assembly continuously draws in and exhausts air, thereby enhancing the airflow at the filter assembly, which in turn enhances the gas exchange in the heat dissipation slot, quickly reduces the temperature inside the cabinet, and provides a better operating environment for electrical components. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cabinet mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation groove of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the opening and closing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal workings of the sensing mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Cabinet mechanism; 101. Cabinet body; 102. Heat dissipation groove; 103. Water baffle; 2. Opening and closing mechanism; 201. Frame; 202. Filter screen; 203. Dust box; 204. Dust trough; 205. Baffle; 206. Scraper; 207. Panel; 208. Connecting rod; 209. Cylinder; 3. Ventilation mechanism; 301. Vertical plate; 302. One-way valve; 303. Moving plate; 304. Cover; 305. Fixed base; 306. Connecting plate; 4. Sensing mechanism; 401. Base; 402. Canopy; 403. Inner block; 404. Rain and snow sensor; 405. Pipe groove; 406. Connecting pipe; 407. Bend; 408. Heat conduction pipe; 409. Drain pipe; 410. Heat conduction column. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switch cabinet includes a cabinet mechanism 1, which includes a cabinet body 101. Heat dissipation grooves 102 are evenly and equidistantly opened in the middle of the two side walls of the cabinet body 101. Opening and closing mechanisms 2 are respectively installed on the middle part of the inner walls on both sides of the cabinet 101; The opening and closing mechanism 2 is formed by vertically arranging the opening and closing components corresponding to the opening and closing mechanism 2; The opening and closing assembly includes a filter assembly, which includes a wire frame 201 fixed to the cabinet 101, and a filter 202 is fixedly embedded in the wall of the wire frame 201. The opening and closing assembly includes a baffle assembly, which includes a baffle 205 that passes through the upper wall of the mesh frame 201, and a panel 207 that blocks the mesh frame 201 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the baffle 205. The opening and closing mechanism 2 includes a cylinder 209 for controlling the baffle assembly; The opening and closing assembly is equipped with a ventilation mechanism 3 for facilitating airflow; A sensing mechanism 4 is installed on the outside of the cabinet mechanism 1.

[0024] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The heat dissipation slot 102 has a Z-shaped bending structure. The heat dissipation slot 102 is divided into three sections: outer section, middle section and inner section. The bending angle of each section is 120°. The heat dissipation slot 102 has a stepped channel with a lower outer section and a higher inner section. The outer section of the heat dissipation trough 102 is inclined downwards, and the opening direction of the outer section of the heat dissipation trough 102 forms a 60° angle with the side wall of the cabinet 101. In light rain, rainwater is guided by gravity and the inclined direction of the outer section of the heat dissipation trough 102, and slides down along the outer section of the heat dissipation trough 102, and cannot directly enter the interior of the heat dissipation trough 102. The width of the middle section of the heat dissipation slot 102 is narrowed to half that of the outer section of the heat dissipation slot 102, forming an airflow contraction channel, which not only ensures air circulation, but also blocks obliquely splashing raindrops and water mist. The inner section of the heat dissipation trough 102 faces the inside of the cabinet 101. The bottom of the inner section of the heat dissipation trough 102 is higher than the bottom of the outer section of the heat dissipation trough 102. Even if a small amount of water vapor enters the middle section of the heat dissipation trough 102, it will be deposited at the bottom of the middle section due to gravity and will not be able to reach the inner section of the heat dissipation trough 102. A water-blocking rib 103 is horizontally embedded on the inner side of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove 102. The water-blocking rib 103 forms the first physical barrier, intercepting most of the splashing raindrops and water mist.

[0025] The mesh frame 201 corresponds to the inner section of the heat dissipation groove 102; A hollow dust box 203 is fixedly embedded in the lower wall of the mesh frame 201, and a dust groove 204 is opened through the upper wall of the dust box 203 and on the side close to the filter screen 202.

[0026] A scraper 206 that fits the filter screen 202 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the baffle 205; Connecting rods 208 are respectively embedded at both ends of the panel 207, and the connecting rods 208 of adjacent opening and closing components are connected together; The cylinder 209 is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the cabinet 101, and the output end of the cylinder 209 is fixedly connected to the panel 207 of the opening and closing assembly at the top.

[0027] Please see Figure 8 The ventilation mechanism 3 includes a bellows assembly and two connecting assemblies; The bellows assembly includes a vertical plate 301, a one-way valve 302 is fixedly connected through the middle of the vertical plate 301, and movable plates 303 are movably connected to the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate 301 by hinges; the sides of the vertical plate 301 and the movable plate 303 are jointly surrounded by a baffle 304. Each connecting component includes a mounting plate 306, on which a base 305 is fixedly connected; the mounting plate 306 of the upper connecting component is fixedly connected to the panel 207, and the mounting plate 306 of the lower connecting component is fixedly connected to the mesh frame 201. The end of the movable plate 303 away from the vertical plate 301 is connected to the fixed base 305 via a hinge.

[0028] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 10 The sensing mechanism 4 includes a base 401 fixed to the top of the cabinet 101, and a canopy 402 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 401. The upper port of the canopy 402 is extended outward and covers the top of the cabinet 101. The bottom of the canopy 402 is fitted with an inner block 403 of a fixed base 401. The middle part of the inner block 403 is raised and the two sides are inclined. Rain and snow sensors 404 for controlling cylinder 209 are respectively fitted into the lower middle part of the two inclined surfaces of the inner block 403. The bottom sides of the canopy 402 are respectively provided with pipe grooves 405 that connect to the inclined surfaces of the inner block 403. The pipe grooves 405 extend through the base 401. A connecting pipe 406 is fixedly embedded in the pipe groove 405. The outer end of the connecting pipe 406 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bend pipe 407. The end of the bend pipe 407 is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting pipe 408 that is attached to both sides of the side wall of the cabinet 101. The lower end of the heat-conducting pipe 408 is fixedly connected to an outwardly inclined drain pipe 409. U-shaped heat-conducting columns 410 are uniformly and evenly connected to the heat-conducting pipe 408. The ends of the heat-conducting columns 410 penetrate the side wall of the cabinet 101 and extend into the cabinet 101.

[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: A rain canopy 402 is installed on the top of the cabinet 101. The upper port of the rain canopy 402 is extended outward and covers the cabinet 101 to achieve the function of rain protection. At the same time, the rainwater collected by the rain canopy 402 can be discharged from the connected pipes 406, bends 407, heat conduction pipes 408 and drain pipes 409 to achieve the function of water drainage. Therefore, the sensing mechanism 4 can not only directly block rainwater from splashing onto the cabinet 101 like a rain canopy, but also quickly guide the collected rainwater to be discharged in a direction, preventing rainwater from accumulating on the top of the cabinet 101 or flowing along the wall of the cabinet 101. This greatly reduces the chance of rainwater contacting the heat dissipation channel 102, reducing the risk of rainwater penetrating into the cabinet 101 through the heat dissipation channel 102 from the source, providing a pre-protection for the protection of the heat dissipation channel 102, and further enhancing the overall waterproof reliability.

[0030] The bottom of the canopy 402 is fitted with an inner block 403 of the fixed base 401. The inner block 403 has a raised center and sloping sides with a raised center. Rain and snow sensors 404 for controlling cylinder 209 are respectively embedded in the lower middle part of the sloping sides of the inner block 403, which can accurately guide rainwater to flow through the rain and snow sensors 404. In light rain, the output of the canopy 402 is greater than the input, and the rainwater is directly drained. The rain and snow sensors 404 are in a non-continuous soaking state, and there is no need to close the heat sink 102. This solves the problem of wasting heat dissipation opportunities by closing the heat sink 102 in light rain scenarios. It achieves simultaneous protection and heat dissipation in light rain, ensuring that the electrical components in the cabinet can still dissipate heat efficiently in mild rainy environments and improving the operational stability in variable rain scenarios.

[0031] The heat dissipation trough 102 has a Z-shaped bending structure, with the outer section of the trough 102 sloping downwards. In light rain, rainwater is guided by gravity and the sloping direction of the outer section of the trough 102, sliding down along the outer section of the trough 102 and preventing it from directly entering the interior of the trough 102. A water-blocking rib 103 is horizontally embedded on the inner side of the outer section of the trough 102, forming the first physical barrier and intercepting most of the splashing raindrops and water mist. Therefore, even without closing the trough 102 in light rain, water vapor infiltration can be blocked, improving the flexibility and reliability of equipment operation.

[0032] Rain and snow sensors 404 for controlling cylinder 209 are embedded in the lower middle part of the two inclined surfaces of the inner block 403. The rain and snow sensors 404 accurately identify the rainfall intensity. Only during moderate to heavy rain, the input of the canopy 402 is greater than the output. Therefore, the rain and snow sensors 404 are soaked by rainwater, triggering the condenser 102 to close. During light rain, the condenser 102 remains open, taking into account both protection and natural heat dissipation. After the canopy 402 is closed during rain, the rainwater collected by the canopy 402 flows through the heat pipe 408. The heat pipe 408 is equidistantly and evenly connected to U-shaped heat-conducting columns 410. Therefore, by utilizing the heat exchange between the rainwater and the heat-conducting columns 410, the heat inside the cabinet 101 is quickly dissipated, and the rainwater is converted into a heat dissipation medium. This not only solves the heat dissipation problem after the condenser is closed, but also realizes the rational use of rainwater resources. The heat dissipation efficiency is high and environmentally friendly.

[0033] When the heat sink 102 is in normal operation, the inner section of the heat sink 102 is covered by a mesh frame 201, and a filter screen 202 is embedded in the mesh frame 201. Therefore, the airflow exchanged through the heat sink 102 will be filtered by the filter screen 202, effectively intercepting large dust particles and fine impurities, and preventing short circuits and poor contact caused by dust accumulation on components. At the same time, the baffle assembly will be activated frequently during ventilation and rain / snow. The scraper 206 of the baffle assembly is in contact with the filter screen 202. Therefore, as the scraper 206 moves downward, it can push down the dust accumulated on the surface of the filter screen 202. Meanwhile, a dust box 203 is set at the bottom of the mesh frame 201. Dust can be transported into the dust box 203 for storage through the dust groove 204 opened on the dust box 203, realizing automatic dust cleaning of the filter assembly without manual disassembly and cleaning, greatly reducing the frequency of maintenance and operation difficulty, and extending the service life and filtration efficiency.

[0034] The opening and closing assembly is equipped with a ventilation mechanism 3 for airflow. In clear weather, the baffle assembly can be continuously activated to push and pull the bellows assembly. By sliding the baffle assembly along the filter assembly, the bellows assembly can continuously draw in and exhaust air, thereby enhancing airflow at the filter assembly and improving gas exchange in the heat sink 102. This rapidly reduces the temperature inside the cabinet and provides a better operating environment for electrical components.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear, comprising a cabinet mechanism (1), wherein the cabinet mechanism (1) comprises a cabinet body (101), and heat dissipation grooves (102) are evenly and equidistantly provided in the middle of the two side walls of the cabinet body (101). The inner walls on both sides of the cabinet (101) are respectively provided with opening and closing mechanisms (2); Its features are: The opening and closing mechanism (2) is formed by vertically arranging the opening and closing components of the corresponding opening and closing mechanism (2); The opening and closing component includes a filter assembly, which includes a wire frame (201) fixed to the cabinet (101), and a filter (202) is fixedly embedded in the wall of the wire frame (201). The opening and closing assembly includes a baffle assembly, which includes a baffle (205) that passes through the upper wall of the mesh frame (201), and the upper end of the baffle (205) is fixedly connected to the panel (207) of the mesh frame (201). The opening and closing mechanism (2) includes a cylinder (209) for controlling the baffle assembly. The opening and closing assembly is equipped with a ventilation mechanism (3) for facilitating airflow. A sensing mechanism (4) is provided on the outside of the cabinet mechanism (1).

2. The waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation groove (102) has a Z-shaped bending structure. The heat dissipation groove (102) is divided into three sections: outer section, middle section and inner section. The bending angle of each section is 120°. The heat dissipation groove (102) has a stepped channel with a lower outer section and a higher inner section. The outer section of the heat dissipation groove (102) is inclined downwards, and the opening direction of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove (102) forms a 60° angle with the side wall of the cabinet (101). The width of the middle section of the heat dissipation groove (102) is narrowed to half of the width of the outer section of the heat dissipation groove (102); The inner section of the heat dissipation groove (102) faces into the cabinet (101); The outer section of the heat dissipation groove (102) is horizontally fitted with a water-blocking rib (103).

3. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mesh frame (201) corresponds to the inner section of the heat dissipation groove (102); A hollow dust box (203) is fixedly embedded in the lower wall of the mesh frame (201), and a dust groove (204) is provided through the upper wall of the dust box (203) and on the side close to the filter screen (202).

4. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the baffle (205) is fixedly connected to a scraper (206) that fits the filter screen (202). The two ends of the panel (207) are respectively fitted with connecting rods (208), and the connecting rods (208) of the adjacent opening and closing components are connected together; The cylinder (209) is fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the cabinet (101), and the output end of the cylinder (209) is fixedly connected to the panel (207) of the opening and closing assembly at the top.

5. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation mechanism (3) includes a bellows assembly and two connecting assemblies; The bellows assembly includes a vertical plate (301), a one-way valve (302) is fixedly connected through the middle of the vertical plate (301), and movable plates (303) are movably connected to the upper and lower sides of the vertical plate (301) via hinges; the sides of the vertical plate (301) and the movable plate (303) are jointly surrounded by a baffle (304). Each of the connecting components includes a mounting plate (306) on which a base (305) is fixedly connected; the mounting plate (306) of the upper connecting component is fixedly connected to a panel (207), and the mounting plate (306) of the lower connecting component is fixedly connected to a wire frame (201). The end of the movable plate (303) away from the vertical plate (301) is connected to the fixed base (305) via a hinge.

6. A waterproof and dustproof high-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing mechanism (4) includes a base (401) fixed to the top of the cabinet (101), and a canopy (402) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (401). The upper port of the canopy (402) is extended outward and covers the top of the cabinet (101). The bottom of the canopy (402) is fitted with an inner block (403) of a fixed base (401). The inner block (403) has a raised center and inclined sides. Rain and snow sensors (404) for controlling cylinders (209) are respectively fitted into the lower middle part of the inclined sides of the inner block (403). The bottom sides of the canopy (402) are respectively provided with pipe grooves (405) that connect to the inclined surfaces of the inner block (403), and the pipe grooves (405) extend through the base (401); a connecting pipe (406) is fixedly embedded in the pipe groove (405), and the outer end of the connecting pipe (406) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bend pipe (407). The end of the bend pipe (407) is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting pipe (408) that fits against the side wall of the cabinet (101), and the lower end of the heat-conducting pipe (408) is fixedly connected to an outwardly inclined drain pipe (409). U-shaped heat-conducting columns (410) are uniformly and evenly connected to the heat-conducting pipe (408), and the ends of the heat-conducting columns (410) penetrate the side wall of the cabinet (101) and extend into the cabinet (101).

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