Drip irrigation water and fertilizer integrated device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer application devices, in particular to a drip irrigation water and fertilizer integrated device which comprises a bottom plate, a water pump and a filtering system are fixedly installed on the bottom plate, a water pipe one extending to a water source is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected with the water inlet end of the filtering system, the water outlet end of the filtering system is fixedly connected with a main water pipe, a valve one is installed at the middle position of the main water pipe, and a supporting seat one is fixedly installed between the main water pipe and the bottom plate; the device further comprises a fertilizer suction mechanism which is through-connected between the main water pipe, a negative pressure monitoring assembly is arranged in the fertilizer suction mechanism; and a mixed fertilizer supply mechanism is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism is through-connected with a guide pipe, and the end, away from the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism, of the guide pipe is connected with a drip irrigation pipe network; through the cooperation of the fertilizer suction mechanism and the negative pressure monitoring assembly, the closed-loop control of the fertilizer suction amount is realized, the proportion of the fertilizer suction amount and the water inlet amount in unit time is ensured to be stable, and the accurate fertilization required by corn is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the manufacture of mechanized agricultural machinery, and more particularly to the field of water and fertilizer application devices, specifically a drip irrigation water and fertilizer integrated device. Background Technology

[0002] In the large-scale cultivation of maize, drip irrigation technology has become the mainstream irrigation method for maize cultivation due to its ability to precisely control irrigation water volume, reduce water waste, and adapt to the water requirements of maize at different growth stages (such as seedling stage, jointing stage, and grain-filling stage). Currently, integrated water and fertilizer systems are commonly used to connect to drip irrigation networks, enabling simultaneous watering and fertilization. In this system, the Venturi fertilizer applicator, due to its simple structure and low cost, is the core fertilizer-absorbing component for achieving "water-fed fertilizer." It draws in fertilizer solution through the negative pressure generated at the throat by the main water flow, thereby completing the initial mixing of water and fertilizer.

[0003] However, existing fertigation devices based on Venturi fertilizer applicators have the following shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] The fertilizer inlet of the Venturi fertilizer applicator is located directly at the point of strongest negative pressure in the throat. However, the negative pressure in the throat is easily affected by the inlet water pressure, which can fluctuate drastically. Factors such as fluctuations in pump operating pressure, changes in local resistance in the drip irrigation network, and unstable water pressure can cause the amount of fertilizer solution absorbed per unit time to vary greatly. For example, when the pump pressure suddenly increases, the negative pressure in the throat increases sharply, and the amount of fertilizer absorbed increases dramatically, which can easily lead to local fertility excess in the corn. Conversely, when the pump pressure decreases, the negative pressure in the throat decreases sharply, and the amount of fertilizer absorbed decreases significantly, which can lead to insufficient fertility in the corn, ultimately failing to achieve the precise fertilization required for different growth stages of the corn. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drip irrigation and fertigation device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A drip irrigation and fertigation device includes a base plate. A water pump and a filtration system are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The inlet of the water pump is connected to a water pipe extending to a water source. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the filtration system. A main water pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the filtration system. A valve is installed in the middle of the main water pipe. A support base is fixedly installed between the main water pipe and the base plate. The device also includes:

[0008] A fertilizer suction mechanism is connected to the main water pipe, and a negative pressure monitoring component is installed in the fertilizer suction mechanism.

[0009] And a fertilizer mixing mechanism fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The fertilizer mixing mechanism is connected to a conduit. The end of the conduit away from the fertilizer mixing mechanism is connected to a drip irrigation network. The fertilizer mixing mechanism is used to supply water and fertilizer to the fertilizer absorption mechanism. At the same time, it is connected to the main water pipe. After mixing the water and fertilizer, it is guided to the drip irrigation network through the conduit.

[0010] Furthermore, the fertilizer suction mechanism includes two L-shaped bypass pipes, which are fixedly connected to the main water pipe on both sides of the valve one, and a support seat two is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the L-shaped bypass pipe and the top surface of the base plate.

[0011] A venturi tube is fixedly installed between the ends of the two L-shaped bypass pipes away from the main water pipe. A fertilizer suction pipe is fixedly installed through the throat of the venturi tube. A valve is installed in the middle of the fertilizer suction pipe. A tee is fixedly installed at the end of the fertilizer suction pipe away from the venturi tube. A solenoid valve electrically connected to the negative pressure monitoring component is installed at one end of the tee. A hose is fixedly installed at the end of the solenoid valve away from the tee. The end of the hose away from the solenoid valve extends into the fertilizer mixing mechanism.

[0012] The other end of the tee is connected to a negative pressure monitoring component.

[0013] Furthermore, the negative pressure monitoring component includes a monitoring cylinder fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The top of the monitoring cylinder is open and is provided with a cover. Microholes are opened on the periphery of the monitoring cylinder near the top. A control module is installed on the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder near the top. The control module is electrically connected to the solenoid valve.

[0014] The monitoring cylinder has a coaxial hollow column at the top. Two symmetrically distributed fixing plates are fixedly connected between the outer periphery of the hollow column and the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder. A pressure sensor electrically connected to the control module is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the hollow column. A squeezing column is slidably installed through the top of the hollow column. A slider that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column is fixedly installed at one end of the squeezing column inside the hollow column. A spring is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slider. A pressure block that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the spring. The bottom surface of the pressure block is in contact with the pressure sensor.

[0015] A piston is slidably installed in the monitoring cylinder below the hollow column. Two L-shaped connecting rods aligned with two fixed plates are fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston. The top of the L-shaped connecting rods is fixedly connected to the top position of the outer periphery of the extrusion column.

[0016] A monitoring tube is fixedly installed through the periphery of the monitoring cylinder near the bottom, and the end of the monitoring tube away from the monitoring cylinder is connected through the tee.

[0017] Furthermore, the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism includes a barrel with open ends and a second sealing cover fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The bottom end of the barrel is threadedly connected to the second sealing cover, and the top end of the barrel is threadedly installed with a first sealing cover. A flexible hose port is fixedly installed through the top surface of the first sealing cover near the edge.

[0018] A sealing partition is fixedly installed in the middle of the interior of the barrel. The sealing partition divides the barrel into an upper liquid storage chamber and a lower mixing chamber. A stirring component is rotatably installed through the sealing partition.

[0019] The barrel has an annular cavity near the bottom, and multiple upward-sloping water injection holes are provided on the side of the annular cavity near the inside of the barrel. The multiple water injection holes are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the barrel.

[0020] A connecting pipe that communicates with the annular cavity is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the barrel. The end of the main water pipe away from the filtration system is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and the main water pipe communicates with the annular cavity through the connecting pipe.

[0021] The barrel is equipped with a drive assembly coaxial with the connecting pipe, and the drive assembly is connected to the stirring assembly via a transmission.

[0022] The end of the hose furthest from the solenoid valve extends through the hose opening to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber;

[0023] The conduit is fixedly installed at the center of the outer periphery of the barrel, communicating with the top of the mixing chamber.

[0024] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a rotating shaft that rotates through the sealing partition at the center of the sealing partition, a bevel gear is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of uniformly distributed stirring blades are fixedly installed on the periphery of the rotating shaft in the liquid storage cavity.

[0025] The auger blades are fixedly installed on the periphery of the rotating shaft in the mixing chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer edge of the auger blade slides in contact with the inner wall of the barrel, and the surface of the auger blade is provided with multiple evenly distributed slots.

[0027] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a bushing embedded in the inner wall of the barrel, the bushing being coaxial with the connecting pipe, and the two ends of the bushing being located in the mixing chamber and the annular cavity, respectively.

[0028] A drive shaft is rotatably mounted in the bushing via a sealed rotating bearing. A bevel gear two, which meshes with bevel gear one, is fixedly mounted at one end of the drive shaft located in the mixing chamber.

[0029] The other end of the drive shaft extends into the connecting pipe and is fixedly mounted with a turbine.

[0030] Furthermore, a filter screen is installed at one end of the water pipe away from the water pump.

[0031] Furthermore, the filtration system includes a centrifugal filter and a mesh filter connected in sequence, with water pipe two connected to the inlet end of the centrifugal filter and the main water pipe connected to the outlet end of the mesh filter.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] 1. This invention achieves closed-loop control of fertilizer absorption through the synergistic effect of the fertilizer absorption mechanism and the negative pressure monitoring component. The venturi tube generates negative pressure for fertilizer absorption, and the negative pressure monitoring component captures changes in negative pressure in real time. Based on the pressure signal, the opening of the solenoid valve is dynamically adjusted to change the fertilizer absorption resistance, ensuring that the ratio of fertilizer absorption to water intake is stable per unit time, thus achieving precise fertilization required for corn.

[0034] 2. In the mixing fertilizer supply mechanism of the present invention, the annular cavity and the water injection hole form a water flow impact, which performs secondary mixing of water and fertilizer solution, and cooperates with the stirring component to perform tertiary mixing, which significantly improves the uniformity of water and fertilizer concentration and further improves the accuracy of fertilization.

[0035] 3. The driving component and stirring component of the present invention adopt a linkage method driven by water kinetic energy, which does not require additional power; at the same time, the stirring intensity adapts to the water flow speed. The faster the water flow (the larger the fertilizer required), the more intense the stirring, and the mixing efficiency is improved simultaneously, realizing dynamic matching.

[0036] 4. The micro-holes in the monitoring cylinder can maintain atmospheric pressure above the piston, providing a stable reference for negative pressure monitoring and ensuring accurate signal acquisition by the pressure sensor. Furthermore, the small diameter of the micro-holes acts as damping, slowing down the violent movement of the piston caused by sudden changes in negative pressure, avoiding fluctuations in the pressure sensor signal, ensuring smooth adjustment of the solenoid valve by the control module, and improving the stability of fertilizer absorption and concentration. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the fertilizer suction mechanism and the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism and the main water pipe in this invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the monitoring cylinder in this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the extrusion column and the hollow column in this invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the barrel body in this invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the barrel in this invention;

[0045] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section C;

[0046] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of section B;

[0047] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0048] 1-Base plate, 2-Water pump, 3-Water pipe one, 4-Water pipe two, 5-Filtration system, 6-Main water pipe, 7-Fertilizer suction mechanism, 8-Valve one, 9-Mixed fertilizer supply mechanism, 10-Conduit, 11-Venturi tube, 12-Support seat one, 13-L-shaped bypass pipe, 14-Support seat two, 15-Fertilizer suction pipe, 16-Valve two, 17-Tee, 18-Monitoring pipe, 19-Monitoring cylinder, 20-Cover, 21-Solenoid valve, 22-Hose, 23-Bucket body, 24-Piston, 25-Hollow column, 2 6-Fixed plate, 27-L-shaped connecting rod, 28-Extrusion column, 30-Slider, 31-Spring, 32-Pressure block, 33-Pressure sensor, 34-Microhole, 35-Sealing cover one, 36-Hose port, 37-Sealing cover two, 38-Annular cavity, 39-Water injection hole, 40-Sealing partition, 41-Rotating shaft, 42-Auger blade, 43-Slot, 44-Agitator blade, 45-Bevel gear one, 46-Bevel gear two, 47-Drive shaft, 48-Shaft sleeve, 49-Turbine, 50-Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, a drip irrigation fertigation device includes a base plate 1. A water pump 2 and a filtration system 5 are fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The inlet end of the water pump 2 is connected to a water pipe 3 extending to a water source. The outlet end of the water pump 2 is connected to the inlet end of the filtration system 5. A main water pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the filtration system 5. A valve 8 is installed in the middle of the main water pipe 6. A support base 12 is fixedly installed between the main water pipe 6 and the base plate 1. The device also includes:

[0051] Fertilizer suction mechanism 7 is connected to the main water pipe 6, and a negative pressure monitoring component is installed in fertilizer suction mechanism 7.

[0052] And a fertilizer supply mechanism 9 fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The fertilizer supply mechanism 9 is connected to a conduit 10. The end of the conduit 10 away from the fertilizer supply mechanism 9 is connected to a drip irrigation network. The fertilizer supply mechanism 9 is used to supply water and fertilizer to the fertilizer absorption mechanism 7. At the same time, it is connected to the main water pipe 6. After mixing the water and fertilizer, it is guided to the drip irrigation network through the conduit 10.

[0053] In this embodiment, the drip irrigation and fertilization integrated device integrates a water pump 2, a filtration system 5, a fertilizer suction mechanism 7, and a fertilizer mixing and supply mechanism 9 through a base plate 1, enabling switching between watering and fertilization modes:

[0054] Watering mode only: Close valve 16 of fertilizer suction mechanism 7 and open valve 8 of main water pipe 6; water pump 2 draws water from the water source through water pipe 3 with filter screen, and the water enters the filtration system 5 through water pipe 4 to filter out mud, sand and impurities before entering the main water pipe 6; the clean water in the main water pipe 6 enters the annular cavity 38 of the mixing fertilizer supply mechanism 9 through connecting pipe 50, is sprayed into the mixing chamber through water injection hole 39, and finally flows to the drip irrigation network through conduit 10 to complete the drip irrigation of corn.

[0055] Water and fertilizer application mode: Open valve 16 of fertilizer suction mechanism 7 and close valve 8 of main water pipe 6; after water pump 2 draws water and filters it through filtration system 5, the main water flow enters venturi tube 11 through L-shaped bypass pipe 13, negative pressure is generated at the throat, and fertilizer solution is drawn into the storage chamber of fertilizer supply mechanism 9 through fertilizer suction pipe 15, tee 17, solenoid valve 21 and hose 22, completing the initial mixing of water and fertilizer; the initially mixed water and fertilizer enter the mixing chamber of fertilizer supply mechanism 9, and after secondary mixing by stirring component, it flows to drip irrigation network through conduit 10 to realize the simultaneous application of water and fertilizer to corn; during the process, the negative pressure monitoring component of fertilizer suction mechanism 7 monitors the negative pressure in real time, and adjusts the opening of solenoid valve 21 through control module to stabilize the amount of fertilizer absorbed.

[0056] This invention enables flexible switching between watering and fertilization modes to meet the irrigation needs of corn at different growth stages; by using the negative pressure monitoring of the fertilizer suction mechanism 7 and the secondary mixing of the fertilizer mixing mechanism 9, it solves the problems of unstable fertilizer suction and uneven mixing in traditional devices.

[0057] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 Based on embodiment 1, the fertilizer suction mechanism 7 includes two L-shaped bypass pipes 13. The two L-shaped bypass pipes 13 are fixedly connected to the main water pipe 6 on both sides of the valve 1. A support seat 2 14 is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the L-shaped bypass pipe 13 and the top surface of the base plate 1.

[0058] A venturi tube 11 is fixedly installed between the ends of two L-shaped bypass pipes 13 that are away from the main water pipe 6. A fertilizer suction pipe 15 is fixedly installed through the throat of the venturi tube 11. A valve 2 16 is installed in the middle of the fertilizer suction pipe 15. A tee 17 is fixedly installed at the end of the fertilizer suction pipe 15 that is away from the venturi tube 11. A solenoid valve 21 that is electrically connected to the negative pressure monitoring component is installed at one end of the tee 17. A hose 22 is fixedly installed at the end of the solenoid valve 21 that is away from the tee 17. The end of the hose 22 that is away from the solenoid valve 21 extends into the mixing fertilizer supply mechanism 9.

[0059] The other end of the tee 17 is connected to a negative pressure monitoring component.

[0060] The fertilizer suction mechanism 7 is connected to the main water pipes 6 on both sides of the valve 8 via two L-shaped bypass pipes 13, forming a main water flow bypass channel. After the valve 8 is closed, the main water flow enters the venturi tube 11 from one side of the L-shaped bypass pipe 13, generating negative pressure at the throat. The negative pressure is transmitted to the solenoid valve 21 through the fertilizer suction pipe 15 and the tee 17, driving the hose 22 to suck fertilizer solution from the storage chamber of the mixing fertilizer supply mechanism 9. The fertilizer solution enters the venturi tube 11 through the solenoid valve 21, the tee 17, and the fertilizer suction pipe 15, and is initially mixed with the main water flow. At the same time, the tee 17 is connected to the negative pressure monitoring component through the monitoring pipe 18, which provides real-time feedback on negative pressure changes. The control module adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve 21 to control the fertilizer suction resistance.

[0061] In this embodiment, the L-shaped bypass pipe 13 cooperates with the support base 14 to ensure that the fertilizer suction mechanism 7 is firmly connected to the main water pipe 6, avoiding structural shaking caused by water flow impact; the Venturi tube 11 provides a stable structural foundation for negative pressure fertilizer suction, and with the opening adjustment of the solenoid valve 21, the amount of fertilizer suction can be dynamically controlled, significantly improving the stability of fertilizer suction.

[0062] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 2-5Based on embodiment 2, the negative pressure monitoring component includes a monitoring cylinder 19 fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The top of the monitoring cylinder 19 is open and is provided with a cover 20. Microholes 34 are provided on the periphery of the monitoring cylinder 19 near the top. A control module is installed on the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder 19 near the top. The control module is electrically connected to the solenoid valve 21.

[0063] A coaxial hollow column 25 is provided at the upper part of the monitoring cylinder 19. Two symmetrically distributed fixing plates 26 are fixedly connected between the outer periphery of the hollow column 25 and the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder 19. A pressure sensor 33 electrically connected to the control module is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the hollow column 25. A squeezing column 28 is slidably installed through the top of the hollow column 25. A slider 30 slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column 25 is fixedly installed at one end of the squeezing column 28 inside the hollow column 25. A spring 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slider 30. A pressure block 32 slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the spring 31. The bottom surface of the pressure block 32 is in contact with the pressure sensor 33.

[0064] A piston 24 is slidably installed in the monitoring cylinder 19 below the hollow column 25. Two L-shaped connecting rods 27 aligned with two fixed plates 26 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston 24. The top of the L-shaped connecting rods 27 is fixedly connected to the top position of the periphery of the extrusion column 28.

[0065] A monitoring tube 18 is fixedly installed through the periphery of the monitoring cylinder 19 near the bottom. The end of the monitoring tube 18 away from the monitoring cylinder 19 is connected through the tee 17.

[0066] The negative pressure monitoring component is connected to the tee 17 through the monitoring tube 18 to collect the negative pressure signal of the throat of the venturi tube 11 in real time. The micro-hole 34 near the top of the monitoring cylinder 19 keeps the upper chamber of the piston 24 at atmospheric pressure, providing a reference for negative pressure monitoring. When the negative pressure of the throat of the venturi tube 11 changes, the pressure below the piston 24 in the monitoring cylinder 19 changes synchronously, and the piston 24 moves up and down based on the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure above and the negative pressure below.

[0067] Piston 24 drives extrusion column 28 to move downward via L-shaped connecting rod 27. Extrusion column 28 compresses spring 31 via slider 30. Spring 31 pushes pressure block 32 to squeeze pressure sensor 33. Pressure sensor 33 transmits pressure signal to control module. Control module adjusts solenoid valve 21 opening according to preset "pressure-opening" correspondence to achieve closed-loop control of fertilizer absorption.

[0068] Among them, the micropore 34 also has a damping effect, which slows down the movement speed of the piston 24 and avoids the signal fluctuation of the pressure sensor 33 caused by sudden changes in negative pressure.

[0069] The negative pressure monitoring component provided in this embodiment can capture negative pressure changes in real time and convert them into pressure signals, providing accurate basis for the control module to control the solenoid valve 21, solving the problem of uncontrolled fertilizer absorption caused by the inability to monitor negative pressure in traditional devices; the micropore 34 has the functions of atmospheric pressure maintenance and damping buffer, avoiding violent jumping of the piston 24, ensuring the stability of the pressure sensor 33 signal, and smooth adjustment of the opening degree of the solenoid valve 21, further improving the stability of fertilizer absorption.

[0070] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Based on Example 2, the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism 9 includes a barrel 23 with both ends open and a sealing cover 2 37 fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate 1. The bottom end of the barrel 23 is threadedly connected to the sealing cover 2 37, and the top end of the barrel 23 is threadedly installed with a sealing cover 1 35. A flexible hose port 36 is fixedly installed through the top surface of the sealing cover 1 35 near the edge.

[0071] A sealing partition 40 is fixedly installed in the middle of the interior of the barrel 23. The sealing partition 40 divides the barrel 23 into an upper liquid storage chamber and a lower mixing chamber. A stirring component is rotatably installed through the sealing partition 40.

[0072] The barrel 23 has an annular cavity 38 near the bottom. The annular cavity 38 has multiple upwardly inclined water injection holes 39 on the side of the barrel 23 near the inside of the barrel 23. The multiple water injection holes 39 are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the barrel 23.

[0073] A connecting pipe 50 that communicates with the annular cavity 38 is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the barrel 23. The end of the main water pipe 6 away from the filter system 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 50. The main water pipe 6 communicates with the annular cavity 38 through the connecting pipe 50.

[0074] The barrel 23 is equipped with a drive assembly coaxial with the connecting pipe 50, and the drive assembly is connected to the stirring assembly by transmission.

[0075] The end of the hose 22 away from the solenoid valve 21 extends through the hose port 36 to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber;

[0076] A conduit 10, which communicates with the top of the mixing chamber, is fixedly installed at the center of the outer periphery of the barrel 23.

[0077] In existing technologies, the inhaled fertilizer solution and the main water flow only undergo a brief initial mixing in the Venturi diffusion section. The short mixing time and poor mixing uniformity can easily lead to a large difference in the concentration of fertilizer solution absorbed by corn plants at the beginning and end of the drip irrigation network. Usually, the fertilizer concentration is too high at the beginning of the network and insufficient at the end, resulting in poor uniformity of corn growth in the field and affecting the overall quality. In the mixed fertilizer supply mechanism 9 provided in this embodiment, the barrel 23 is divided into an upper liquid storage chamber (for storing fertilizer solution) and a lower mixing chamber (for secondary mixing of water and fertilizer) by a sealing partition 40. The liquid storage chamber is connected to a hose 22 through a hose port 36, and the hose 22 extends to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber to ensure that the fertilizer solution is fully absorbed. Water or pre-mixed water and fertilizer from the main water pipe 6 enters the annular cavity 38 through the connecting pipe 50 and is sprayed into the mixing chamber through multiple upwardly inclined water injection holes 39 in a circumferential array. The water flow converges and impacts to form a preliminary turbulent mixing. The drive component uses the kinetic energy of the water to drive the stirring component to stir the fertilizer solution in the liquid storage chamber to prevent sedimentation and to enhance the mixing of water and fertilizer in the mixing chamber. The mixed water and fertilizer flows from the conduit 10 at the top of the mixing chamber to the drip irrigation network.

[0078] Among them, the annular cavity 38 and the circumferential array of water injection holes 39 make the water flow in an annular jet state, and multiple water flows converge and collide at the center of the mixing cavity, forming strong turbulence and improving the mixing uniformity.

[0079] The threaded connection structure of the sealing cap 35 and the sealing cap 37 facilitates cleaning of the inner wall of the barrel 23 and the sealing partition 40.

[0080] Example 5: Please refer to Figure 7 and 8 Based on Example 4, the stirring assembly includes a rotating shaft 41 that rotates through the sealing partition 40 at the center position of the sealing partition 40. A bevel gear 45 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft 41, and a plurality of uniformly distributed stirring blades 44 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the rotating shaft 41 in the liquid storage cavity.

[0081] The outer periphery of the rotating shaft 41 is fixedly mounted with an auger blade 42 in the part located in the mixing chamber.

[0082] The rotating shaft 41 of the stirring assembly passes through the sealing partition 40, achieving synchronous stirring of the storage chamber and the mixing chamber. The driving assembly drives the rotating shaft 41 to rotate. Multiple evenly distributed stirring blades 44 are fixed to the portion of the rotating shaft 41 located in the storage chamber. When the stirring blades 44 rotate, they stir the fertilizer solution in the storage chamber, preventing the sedimentation of solid particles in the fertilizer solution. An auger blade 42 is fixed to the portion of the rotating shaft 41 located in the mixing chamber. When the auger blade 42 rotates, it generates a downward thrust, creating a reverse impact with the upward water flow ejected from the water injection hole 39, thus enhancing the mixing of water and fertilizer.

[0083] In this embodiment, the stirring blade 44 effectively prevents fertilizer solution from settling in the storage chamber and avoids the fertilizer suction pipe 15 from sucking in fertilizer solution with uneven concentration, thus ensuring the stability of fertilizer concentration. The downward thrust of the auger blade 42 and the upward water flow of the water injection hole 39 form a reverse impact, which significantly improves the mixing efficiency compared with traditional single stirring and ensures uniform mixing of water and fertilizer.

[0084] Example 6: Please refer to Figure 7 Based on embodiment 5, the outer edge of the auger blade 42 slides in contact with the inner wall of the barrel 23, and the surface of the auger blade 42 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed slots 43.

[0085] The surface of the auger blade 42 has multiple evenly distributed slots 43. The water and fertilizer in the mixing chamber must pass through the slots 43 to flow to the guide tube 10. When the auger blade 42 rotates, the water and fertilizer move towards the bottom of the barrel 23 under the action of "downward thrust", while some of the water and fertilizer flow upward through the slots 43. The slots 43 have a shearing effect on the flowing water and fertilizer, breaking up the local high-concentration fertilizer liquid clumps in the water and fertilizer, and realizing secondary mixing. The pore size and distribution density of the slots 43 are designed according to the fertilizer liquid concentration requirements of corn at different growth stages to ensure a balance between shearing effect and flow efficiency.

[0086] In this embodiment, the shearing action of the slot 43 further disperses the fertilizer liquid clumps, thereby improving the uniformity of water and fertilizer; at the same time, the slot 43 reduces the water flow resistance when the auger blade 42 rotates, reducing the load on the drive component.

[0087] Example 7: Please refer to Figures 7-9 Based on embodiment 5, the drive assembly includes a bushing 48 embedded in the inner wall of the barrel 23. The bushing 48 is coaxial with the connecting pipe 50, and the two ends of the bushing 48 are located in the mixing chamber and the annular cavity 38, respectively.

[0088] A drive shaft 47 is rotatably mounted in the bushing 48 via a sealed rotating bearing. One end of the drive shaft 47 located in the mixing chamber is fixedly mounted with a bevel gear 46 that meshes with a bevel gear 45.

[0089] The other end of the drive shaft 47 extends into the connecting pipe 50 and is fixedly mounted with a turbine 49.

[0090] The drive assembly works in conjunction with the main water flow, requiring no additional power source. When the water or pre-mixed fertilizer in the main water pipe 6 flows through the connecting pipe 50 to the annular cavity 38, it impacts the turbine 49 located inside the connecting pipe 50. The turbine 49 converts the kinetic energy of the water into rotational kinetic energy, driving the drive shaft 47 to rotate. A bevel gear 46 is fixed at one end of the drive shaft 47 in the mixing chamber. The bevel gear 46 meshes with the bevel gear 45 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 41, transmitting rotational kinetic energy to the rotating shaft 41 to drive the stirring assembly. The sealing design of the bushing 48 prevents the fertilizer in the mixing chamber from seeping into the annular cavity 38, ensuring stable transmission.

[0091] The drive component provided in this embodiment uses the kinetic energy of the water flow itself to drive the stirring component, without the need for an additional motor or hydraulic device. Compared with the traditional stirring structure with a motor, energy consumption is reduced and the structure is more compact. The stirring intensity is adaptively matched with the water flow speed. The faster the water flow speed, the higher the turbine speed, the greater the working intensity of the stirring component, and the mixing efficiency is improved simultaneously, avoiding insufficient mixing at high flow rates or over-stirring at low flow rates.

[0092] Example 8: Based on Example 3, the control module uses an industrial-grade PLC (such as Siemens S7-200SMART), which, together with pressure sensor 33 and solenoid valve 21, forms a closed-loop control system. The PLC pre-stores a table of correspondence between "pressure and solenoid valve opening" (specifically set according to the target water-fertilizer concentration). Pressure sensor 33 collects pressure signals in real time and transmits them to the PLC. The PLC compares the real-time pressure value with the preset pressure threshold. If the real-time pressure > the preset threshold (i.e., the negative pressure is too high and fertilizer absorption is too fast), it controls solenoid valve 21 to reduce the opening, increase the fertilizer absorption resistance, and reduce the fertilizer absorption amount until the pressure returns to the preset value. If the real-time pressure < the preset threshold (i.e., the negative pressure is too low and fertilizer absorption is too slow), it controls solenoid valve 21 to increase the opening, reduce the fertilizer absorption resistance, and increase the fertilizer absorption amount until the pressure returns to the preset value. Ultimately, the ratio of fertilizer absorption to water intake remains stable, ensuring a constant water-fertilizer concentration.

[0093] The technology of using a PLC in conjunction with a pressure sensor to control a solenoid valve is a mature existing technology, ensuring control stability and reliability. Furthermore, the PLC supports modifying preset parameters via an external touch screen or host computer, making it easy for farmers to adjust the control according to different growth stages of corn.

[0094] The constant value of water and fertilizer concentration can be adjusted by modifying the preset pressure threshold of the PLC. Specifically, the concentration setting interface can be accessed through the external touch screen or host computer of the PLC. The corresponding pressure threshold can be determined according to the fertilizer concentration requirements of the target growth stage of corn.

[0095] For example, when corn enters the grain-filling stage and the water and fertilizer concentration needs to be increased, the preset pressure threshold of the PLC is increased. At this time, the PLC allows the negative pressure in the throat to increase, the opening of the solenoid valve 21 is larger, and the amount of fertilizer absorbed increases, thereby achieving constant control of the concentration increase.

[0096] Example 9: Based on Example 1, a filter screen is installed at the end of water pipe 3 away from water pump 2 to perform preliminary filtration of the water source, remove large particles such as weeds and stones from the water, and prevent them from entering water pump 2 and causing damage to the impeller.

[0097] Example 10: Based on Example 1, the filtration system 5 includes a centrifugal filter and a mesh filter connected in sequence, water pipe 4 is connected to the inlet end of the centrifugal filter, and main water pipe 6 is connected to the outlet end of the mesh filter.

[0098] After being pressurized by water pump 2, the water first enters the centrifugal filter, where centrifugal force separates silt and small particulate impurities to the bottom of the filter; then it enters the mesh filter to filter out fine suspended solids in the water; the filtered clean water enters the main water pipe 6 to ensure that the subsequent Venturi tube 11, water injection hole 39 and drip irrigation network are not blocked.

[0099] The filtration system provided in this embodiment adopts a two-stage filtration design to avoid irrigation interruptions caused by impurities clogging the system.

[0100] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation and fertigation device, comprising a base plate, a water pump and a filtration system fixedly mounted on the top surface of the base plate, a water pipe extending to a water source connected to the inlet end of the water pump, a water outlet end connected to the inlet end of the filtration system, a main water pipe fixedly connected to the outlet end of the filtration system, a valve installed in the middle of the main water pipe, and a support base fixedly mounted between the main water pipe and the base plate; characterized in that, Also includes: The fertilizer suction mechanism is connected to the main water pipe, and a negative pressure monitoring component is installed in the fertilizer suction mechanism. And a fertilizer mixing mechanism fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The fertilizer mixing mechanism is connected to a conduit. The end of the conduit away from the fertilizer mixing mechanism is connected to a drip irrigation network. The fertilizer mixing mechanism is used to supply water and fertilizer to the fertilizer absorption mechanism. At the same time, it is connected to the main water pipe. After mixing the water and fertilizer, it is guided to the drip irrigation network through the conduit. The fertilizer suction mechanism includes two L-shaped bypass pipes, which are fixedly connected to the main water pipe on both sides of valve one. Support base two is fixedly installed between the outer periphery of the L-shaped bypass pipe and the top surface of the base plate. A venturi tube is fixedly installed between the ends of two L-shaped bypass pipes away from the main water pipe. A fertilizer suction pipe is fixedly installed through the throat of the venturi tube. A valve is installed in the middle of the fertilizer suction pipe. A tee is fixedly installed at the end of the fertilizer suction pipe away from the venturi tube. A solenoid valve electrically connected to the negative pressure monitoring component is installed at one end of the tee. A hose is fixedly installed at the end of the solenoid valve away from the tee. The end of the hose away from the solenoid valve extends into the mixing fertilizer supply mechanism. The other end of the tee is connected to a negative pressure monitoring component; The negative pressure monitoring assembly includes a monitoring cylinder fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The top of the monitoring cylinder is open and covered with a cover. Micro-holes are opened on the outer periphery of the monitoring cylinder near the top. A control module is installed on the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder near the top. The control module is electrically connected to the solenoid valve. A coaxial hollow column is installed at the upper part of the monitoring cylinder. Two symmetrically distributed fixing plates are fixedly connected between the outer periphery of the hollow column and the inner wall of the monitoring cylinder. A pressure sensor electrically connected to the control module is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the hollow column. A squeezing column is slidably installed through the top of the hollow column. A slider that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column is fixedly installed at one end of the squeezing column inside the hollow column. A spring is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the slider. A pressure block that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the hollow column is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the spring. The bottom surface of the pressure block is in contact with the pressure sensor. A piston is slidably installed in the monitoring cylinder below the hollow column. Two L-shaped connecting rods aligned with two fixed plates are fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston. The top of the L-shaped connecting rods is fixedly connected to the top position of the outer periphery of the extrusion column. A monitoring tube is fixedly installed through the periphery of the monitoring cylinder near the bottom, and the end of the monitoring tube away from the monitoring cylinder is connected through a tee.

2. The drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixed fertilizer supply mechanism includes a barrel that is open at both ends and a sealing cover two that is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base plate. The bottom end of the barrel is threadedly connected to the sealing cover two, and the top end of the barrel is threadedly installed with a sealing cover one. A flexible hose port is fixedly installed through the top surface of the sealing cover one near the edge. A sealing partition is fixedly installed in the middle of the inside of the tank. The sealing partition divides the tank into an upper liquid storage chamber and a lower mixing chamber. A stirring component is installed through the sealing partition in a rotating manner. The barrel has an annular cavity near the bottom, and multiple upward-sloping water injection holes are provided on the side of the annular cavity near the inside of the barrel. The multiple water injection holes are arranged in a circumferential array about the axis of the barrel. A connecting pipe that communicates with the annular cavity is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the barrel. The end of the main water pipe away from the filtration system is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, and the main water pipe communicates with the annular cavity through the connecting pipe. The barrel is equipped with a drive assembly coaxial with the connecting pipe, and the drive assembly is connected to the stirring assembly by transmission. The end of the hose furthest from the solenoid valve extends through the hose opening to the bottom of the reservoir. A conduit is fixedly installed at the center of the outer perimeter of the barrel, which communicates with the top of the mixing chamber.

3. The drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a rotating shaft that rotates through the sealing partition at the center of the sealing partition, a bevel gear is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and multiple evenly distributed stirring blades are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the liquid storage chamber. Screw blades are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft in the mixing chamber.

4. The drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer edge of the auger blade slides in contact with the inner wall of the barrel, and the surface of the auger blade has multiple evenly distributed slots.

5. A drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a bushing embedded in the inner wall of the barrel, the bushing being coaxial with the connecting pipe, and the two ends of the bushing being located in the mixing chamber and the annular cavity, respectively. A drive shaft is rotatably mounted in the bushing via a sealed rotating bearing. One end of the drive shaft, located in the mixing chamber, is fixedly mounted with a second bevel gear that meshes with a first bevel gear. The other end of the drive shaft extends into the connecting pipe and is fixedly mounted with a turbine.

6. The drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter screen is installed at the end of the water pipe away from the water pump.

7. The drip irrigation and fertigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration system includes a centrifugal filter and a mesh filter connected in sequence. Water pipe 2 is connected to the inlet end of the centrifugal filter, and the main water pipe is connected to the outlet end of the mesh filter.

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