A feeding device for molecular distillation equipment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of molecular distillation equipment technology, and discloses a feeding device for a molecular distillation equipment, including a distillation body and a liquid inlet pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is installed on one side of the top of the distillation body for injecting a liquid mixture into the distillation body. The liquid inlet pipe contains a valve body, a valve core, a throttling boss, and a multi-stage throttling ring. The valve body is fixed to the inner wall of the end of the liquid inlet pipe closest to the distillation body. This feeding device for molecular distillation equipment, by setting a valve core adjustment structure synchronized with the gas pressure of the distillation body and a liquid outlet fine-tuning component, achieves dynamic adaptation of the feed flow rate to the vacuum degree of the distillation body. This solves the problem of frequent fluctuations in the liquid volume within the distillation body caused by pulse / droplet feeding in existing technologies, ensuring stable liquid layer thickness, uniform heat transfer, avoiding insufficient vaporization of high-boiling-point components or excessive vaporization and decomposition of low-boiling-point components, and maintaining gas-liquid balance and the purity of the target component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of molecular distillation equipment technology, specifically to a feeding device for molecular distillation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular distillation equipment is a special type of distillation equipment that achieves efficient, low-temperature separation of substances based on the difference in the mean free path of molecules. Its feeding device includes a scraped-film feed system, which transports the liquid mixture via pipeline into the still through a scraping film assembly. The scraping film assembly then forces the liquid mixture to spread into a uniform liquid film to facilitate evaporation. To reduce the pressure inside the chamber, ensure that the mean free path of the lighter components is greater than the distance from the liquid film surface to the condensing surface, minimize molecular collisions, ensure their directional arrival at the condensing surface, and prevent oxidation reactions, a vacuum environment must be maintained inside the still to meet these requirements.

[0003] However, in the existing technology, when the molecular distillation equipment's feeding device is first started, the liquid mixture in the feed pipe will stably enter the still. As the vacuum inside the still gradually increases, the residual gas inside the still decreases. When the liquid mixture flows, the dissolved gas escapes and forms bubbles, increasing resistance. At the same time, the liquid occupies space, causing a small amount of residual gas to backflush, alternating with the propulsion force, making the liquid flow slower and pulsating. When the still reaches a vacuum environment, there is very little residual gas inside. The pressure difference and propulsion force can only push the liquid to the feed pipe outlet. The surface tension between liquid molecules becomes dominant, and the liquid contracts into droplets due to cohesion. When gravity or a weak propulsion force exceeds the surface tension constraint, it drips down, ultimately presenting a droplet feed. Pulsed / droplet feeding causes frequent fluctuations in the liquid volume within the still. When the liquid volume increases suddenly, the local temperature is prone to falling below the target separation temperature due to "excessive liquid layer and untimely heat transfer," resulting in the ineffective vaporization of high-boiling-point components. When the liquid volume decreases suddenly, the heating surface may overheat locally due to "excessive liquid layer," even leading to excessive vaporization of low-boiling-point components or material decomposition, ultimately disrupting the gas-liquid balance, reducing the purity of the target component, and causing the separation effect to deviate from expectations. Moreover, pulsed fluctuations in the feed rate directly lead to unstable rising steam volume within the still—when the steam volume increases suddenly, the reflux system is prone to overload, causing uncondensed steam to carry away heavy components; when the steam volume decreases suddenly, the reflux ratio will be too high, increasing energy consumption and prolonging the separation time, ultimately affecting product yield and purity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a feeding device for a molecular distillation apparatus, which solves the problem mentioned above where the liquid mixture in the feed tube will be fed in a pulsed or dripping manner as the vacuum level inside the still changes, resulting in frequent fluctuations in the liquid volume inside the still and ultimately affecting the purity of the target component and the product yield.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a feeding device for a molecular distillation apparatus, comprising a distillation body and a liquid inlet pipe, and further comprising:

[0006] The liquid inlet pipe is installed on one side of the top of the distillation body and is used to inject a liquid mixture into the distillation body;

[0007] The inlet pipe is equipped with a valve body, valve core, throttling boss, and multi-stage throttling ring;

[0008] The valve body is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet pipe near the distillation body, and is used to fix the valve core and the multi-stage throttling ring to ensure that the valve core and the multi-stage throttling ring are in stable position;

[0009] The valve core is slidably connected to one end of the valve body near the distillation body, and is used to change the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​its own pipeline for transporting the liquid mixture according to the vacuum level in the distillation body;

[0010] The multi-stage throttling ring is located at the end of the inlet pipe away from the distillation body. It is used to change its effective flow cross-sectional area by moving the throttling boss, thereby reducing external feed pressure fluctuations and helping to guide the liquid mixture to flow evenly into the distillation body.

[0011] Preferably, the valve body comprises:

[0012] A frustum-shaped groove is formed at one end of the valve body near the distillation body, allowing the valve core to slide inside itself;

[0013] Several buffer holes are formed inside the valve body and communicate with the frustum-shaped groove for transporting the liquid mixture;

[0014] The first vacuum chamber is located inside the valve body and is connected to the frustum-shaped groove at one end near the frustum-shaped groove.

[0015] Several guide holes are all opened inside the valve body and communicate with the frustum-shaped groove;

[0016] A buffer chamber is located at the end of the frustum-shaped groove away from the distillation body and communicates with the liquid inlet pipe, the buffer hole and the first vacuum chamber. Its inner wall is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the multi-stage throttling ring.

[0017] Preferably, the valve core comprises:

[0018] A plurality of liquid outlet holes are evenly opened on the valve core and penetrate the valve core. The plurality of liquid outlet holes and the corresponding plurality of buffer holes share the same central axis and have the same diameter, and are used to transport the liquid mixture transported by the buffer holes into the distillation body.

[0019] The first vacuum connection tube is fixed inside the valve core, and its two ends extend to the distillation body and the first vacuum chamber, respectively, connecting the distillation body and the first vacuum chamber, so as to synchronize the gas pressure inside the first vacuum chamber with the gas pressure inside the distillation body.

[0020] Several reset spring elements are disposed in the first vacuum chamber. One end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first vacuum chamber away from the distillation body, and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve core extending into the first vacuum chamber to seal the first vacuum chamber. When the gas pressure in the first vacuum chamber decreases, the valve core is pushed to move closer to the distillation body.

[0021] Preferably, the reset spring is configured such that when the interior of the distillation body is in a vacuum environment, the spring force generated by the reset spring just causes the buffer hole to connect with the liquid outlet hole.

[0022] Preferably, the valve core further includes:

[0023] The second vacuum chamber is located inside the valve core, inside the plurality of liquid outlet holes, and communicates with all of the liquid outlet holes to form a communication groove.

[0024] Several second vacuum connection tubes are fixed to the side of the valve core near the distillation body, connecting the distillation body and the second vacuum chamber, so as to synchronize the gas pressure inside the second vacuum chamber with the gas pressure inside the distillation body;

[0025] Several adjusting blocks slide within the corresponding connecting grooves and are configured such that their width is the same as the width of the connecting groove, extending into the liquid outlet hole to change the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet hole and to seal the corresponding connecting groove at all times.

[0026] Several adjusting spring elements are disposed inside the second vacuum chamber, with one end fixedly connected to the valve core and the other end fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting block, for changing the sliding position of the adjusting block according to the pressure inside the second vacuum chamber.

[0027] Preferably, both the first vacuum connecting tube and the second vacuum connecting tube extend into the interior of the distillation body.

[0028] Preferably, the valve core comprises:

[0029] Several connecting rods are disposed in the corresponding guide holes, and one end of each rod is fixedly connected to the side of the valve core away from the distillation body, for driving the throttling boss to move synchronously with the valve core;

[0030] The throttling boss is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rods away from the valve core and is located inside the multi-stage throttling ring.

[0031] Preferably, the outer wall of the connecting rod slides in contact with the inner wall of the guide hole, and sealing rings are provided at both ends of the guide hole to prevent the liquid mixture from seeping into the guide hole.

[0032] Preferably, the throttling boss includes:

[0033] The conical end, which is the end of the throttling boss away from the distillation body, has an isosceles triangle cross-section and is used to reduce the thrust exerted on the throttling boss towards the distillation body when the liquid mixture comes into contact with the throttling boss;

[0034] The circular end, which is the end of the throttling boss near the distillation body, has a rectangular cross-section and is used to move to the inner side of the multi-stage throttling ring to change the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the multi-stage throttling ring.

[0035] Preferably, the multi-stage throttling ring comprises:

[0036] The first, second, and third throttling orifices have progressively larger inner diameters and the same height. The first throttling orifice is located away from the distillation body, the third throttling orifice is located close to the distillation body, and the second throttling orifice is located between the first and third throttling orifices. The height of the annular end is less than the height of each of the first, second, and third throttling orifices.

[0037] The feeding device for molecular distillation equipment provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. By setting a valve core adjustment structure and liquid outlet fine-tuning component that are synchronized with the gas pressure of the distillation body, the feed flow rate is dynamically adapted to the vacuum degree of the distillation body, thereby solving the problem of frequent fluctuations in the liquid volume in the distillation body caused by pulse / droplet feeding in the prior art, ensuring stable liquid layer thickness and uniform heat transfer, avoiding insufficient vaporization of high-boiling-point components or excessive vaporization of low-boiling-point components and material decomposition, and maintaining gas-liquid balance and the purity of target components.

[0039] 2. By coordinating multiple throttling rings and throttling bosses, and utilizing multiple throttling orifices with different inner diameters and a circular end that moves synchronously with the valve core, external feed pressure fluctuations are reduced in stages. Simultaneously, the isosceles triangular cross-section design of the conical end reduces liquid impact thrust, ensuring stable adjustment of the throttling boss. This solves the problem of unstable rising vapor volume within the distillation unit caused by feed rate pulse fluctuations in existing technologies, avoids overloading of the reflux system or excessively high reflux ratios, guarantees product yield and purity, reduces energy consumption, and shortens separation time.

[0040] 3. By using the frustum-shaped sealing fit between the valve core and the valve body, combined with the pressure synchronization effect brought by the first vacuum connection pipe, a self-sealing effect is achieved with a higher vacuum degree and a tighter seal, effectively preventing outside air from seeping into the distillation body and damaging the vacuum environment, while avoiding leakage of liquid mixtures due to pressure difference under high vacuum. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the inlet pipe, valve body, valve core and outlet hole of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional structural diagram of the inlet pipe, valve body, valve core, multi-stage throttling ring, and their components of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core and its component connections according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the valve body of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the valve core of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the valve core of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the throttling boss of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the multi-stage throttling ring of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0052] In the diagram: 10. Liquid inlet pipe; 20. Valve body; 21. Frustum-shaped groove; 22. Buffer hole; 23. First vacuum chamber; 24. Guide hole; 25. Buffer chamber; 30. Valve core; 31. Liquid outlet hole; 32. First vacuum connection pipe; 33. Reset spring element; 34. Second vacuum chamber; 35. Second vacuum connection pipe; 36. Adjusting block; 37. Adjusting spring element; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Throttling boss; 391. Conical end; 392. Circular end; 40. Multi-stage throttling ring; 41. First throttling port; 42. Second throttling port; 43. Third throttling port; 50. Distillation body. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 11 A preferred embodiment of the molecular distillation apparatus feeding device according to the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0056] Includes distillation body 50 and liquid inlet pipe 10;

[0057] The liquid inlet pipe 10 is installed on one side of the top of the distillation body 50 for injecting liquid mixture into the distillation body 50; the liquid inlet pipe 10 can also be installed at the top of the side wall of the distillation body 50, and the feed port is located at the top of the scraper rotor inside the distillation body 50, so as to ensure that when the liquid mixture enters the distillation body 50 through the liquid inlet pipe 10, the liquid mixture falls downward into the working range of the scraper rotor, and under the operation of the scraper element on the scraper rotor, it adheres tightly to the evaporation surface to form an extremely thin continuous liquid film.

[0058] The inlet pipe 10 is equipped with a valve body 20, a valve core 30, a throttling boss 39, and a multi-stage throttling ring 40;

[0059] The valve body 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet pipe 10 near the distillation body 50, and is used to fix the valve core 30 and the multi-stage throttling ring 40 to ensure the stability of the valve core 30 and the multi-stage throttling ring 40. The valve body 20 can be made of 316L stainless steel, which has excellent wear resistance and avoids structural wear caused by long-term contact and sliding with the valve core 30 and the connecting rod 38. At the same time, 316L stainless steel also has strong corrosion resistance. When in contact with liquid mixtures that may contain heat-sensitive or corrosive liquids, 316L stainless steel can prevent the material from corroding the valve core 30. In addition, its outgassing volume under high vacuum is extremely low and will not damage the vacuum environment of the distillation body 50.

[0060] The valve core 30 is slidably connected to one end of the valve body 20 near the distillation body 50, and is used to change the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​its own liquid mixture transport pipeline according to the vacuum level in the distillation body 50. The valve core 30 can be set as a frustum of a cone with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, with its smaller upper base away from the distillation body 50 and its larger lower base facing the distillation body 50. The valve core 30 is designed in a frustum shape, which is matched with a frustum-shaped groove 21. This allows the sidewall of the valve core 30 to fit tightly against the inner wall of the frustum-shaped groove 21, forming an annular sealing surface. Compared to a planar seal, the fit between the valve core 30 and the frustum-shaped groove 21 can be further tightened by vacuum pressure. That is, the higher the vacuum level, the tighter the fit, thus preventing external air from seeping into the distillation body 50 and disrupting the vacuum, and also preventing the liquid mixture from leaking due to pressure difference under high vacuum. At the same time, in the initial stage of the distillation body 50, the vacuum level inside the distillation body 50 is low. The pressure of the liquid mixture pushes the valve core 30 to move away from the distillation body 50, and the frustum-shaped valve core 30 separates from the frustum-shaped groove 21, forming an annular gap between them. This gap, combined with the liquid outlet 31, allows the liquid to flow quickly into the distillation body 50 through the gap and the liquid outlet 31. Moreover, the sloping structure of the frustum shape can guide the liquid to be evenly distributed along the gap, avoiding pressure fluctuations caused by excessive local flow velocity.

[0061] The multi-stage throttling ring 40 is located at the end of the inlet pipe 10 furthest from the distillation body 50. It is used to change its effective flow cross-sectional area by moving the throttling boss 39, thereby reducing external feed pressure fluctuations and helping to guide the liquid mixture to flow evenly into the distillation body 50. The multi-stage throttling ring 40 can also be made of 316L stainless steel. Its corrosion resistance and structural stability prevent long-term contact between the liquid mixture and the multi-stage throttling ring 40, thus avoiding corrosion and deformation. This ensures that the multi-stage throttling ring 40 can maintain stable dimensional accuracy of the throttling orifice within the inlet pipe 10, ensuring a stable fit clearance with the ring end 392. If the liquid mixture is highly corrosive, Hastelloy C276 can be selected for the multi-stage throttling ring 40. Its resistance to highly corrosive media such as concentrated hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, organic acids, and chlorine-containing compounds far exceeds that of 316L stainless steel. This can prevent the multi-stage throttling ring 40 from rusting and enlarging due to strong corrosion, ensuring that the adjustment accuracy does not decrease during long-term use. At the same time, its mechanical strength (tensile strength ≥690MPa) and rigidity are better than those of 316L stainless steel, which can better maintain the stability of the fixed structure. Meanwhile, the surface can be machined to a smoothness comparable to that of 316L stainless steel without affecting the liquid guiding effect.

[0062] Valve body 20 includes:

[0063] A frustum-shaped groove 21 is provided at one end of the valve body 20 near the distillation body 50, allowing the valve core 30 to slide inside itself. The frustum-shaped groove 21 is designed to match the shape of the valve core 30, ensuring that its inner wall and the outer wall of the valve core 30 have a sealing function after they are fitted together, preventing outside air from seeping into the distillation body 50 and breaking the vacuum, and also preventing the liquid mixture from leaking due to pressure difference under high vacuum.

[0064] Several buffer holes 22 are opened inside the valve body 20 and communicate with the frustum-shaped groove 21 for transporting liquid mixtures;

[0065] The first vacuum chamber 23 is located inside the valve body 20, and one end of it is connected to the frustum-shaped groove 21 near the frustum-shaped groove 21.

[0066] Several guide holes 24 are all opened inside the valve body 20 and communicate with the frustum-shaped groove 21;

[0067] The buffer chamber 25 is located at the end of the frustum-shaped groove 21 away from the distillation body 50 and communicates with the inlet pipe 10, the buffer hole 22, and the first vacuum chamber 23. Its inner wall is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the multi-stage throttling ring 40. Through its fixed engagement with the multi-stage throttling ring 40, the buffer chamber 25 stably constrains the multi-stage throttling ring 40 within the end of the inlet pipe 10 away from the distillation body 50, ensuring that the first throttling port 41 / second throttling port 42 / third throttling port 43 of the multi-stage throttling ring 40 can be precisely aligned with the throttling boss 39. Moreover, the buffer chamber 25 serves as a transition space for the liquid mixture to enter the buffer hole 22 from the inlet pipe 10, which can weaken external feed pressure fluctuations and allow the liquid mixture to form a relatively stable flow field within the buffer chamber 25 before entering the buffer hole 22, preventing pressure fluctuations from being directly transmitted to the buffer hole 22 and the outlet hole 31, thus helping to maintain feed stability.

[0068] Valve core 30 includes:

[0069] A plurality of liquid outlet holes 31 are evenly opened on and through the valve core 30. The plurality of liquid outlet holes 31 and the corresponding plurality of buffer holes 22 share the same central axis and have the same diameter, and are used to transport the liquid mixture transported by the buffer holes 22 into the distillation body 50. The liquid outlet holes 31 and the buffer holes 22 can be selected as circular flow channels. The inner wall of the circular channel has no sharp corners, and the resistance is uniform when the liquid flows through, which can avoid local eddies caused by sharp corners. Moreover, the symmetry of the circle ensures that when the buffer holes 22 and the liquid outlet holes 31 slide and adjust the valve core 30, the change of the flow area of ​​the overlapping area is always linear and controllable, regardless of whether there is a slight coaxiality deviation, avoiding the sudden change of flow area caused by misalignment of non-circular channels.

[0070] The first vacuum connection tube 32 is fixed inside the valve core 30, and its two ends extend to the distillation body 50 and the first vacuum chamber 23 respectively, connecting the distillation body 50 and the first vacuum chamber 23, so as to synchronize the gas pressure inside the first vacuum chamber 23 with the gas pressure inside the distillation body 50.

[0071] Several reset elastic elements 33 are disposed in the first vacuum chamber 23. One end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first vacuum chamber 23 away from the distillation body 50, and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve core 30 extending into the first vacuum chamber 23 to seal the first vacuum chamber 23. When the gas pressure in the first vacuum chamber 23 decreases, the valve core 30 is pushed to move closer to the distillation body 50. The reset spring 33 can be a compression spring, and the material can be selected as 304 stainless steel. It has extremely low outgassing in a high vacuum environment and will not release additional gas into the first vacuum chamber 23, thus avoiding disruption of the pressure synchronization between the distillation body 50 and the first vacuum chamber 23. At the same time, it has good elastic recovery performance and corrosion resistance, and can withstand the material volatilization atmosphere that may exist in the first vacuum chamber 23. If the vacuum degree of the distillation body 50 fluctuates frequently, the reset spring 33 needs to respond quickly to push the valve core 30. In this case, the elastic sensitivity of the reset spring 33 needs to be higher. In this case, the material can also be selected as beryllium copper alloy, such as QBe2. Its elastic limit is much higher than that of 304 stainless steel. After long-term operation, its elasticity (attenuation rate ≤5% of 304 stainless steel is about 8%-10%) is better, and its stability in a vacuum environment is better, which can accurately control the thrust.

[0072] The reset spring element 33 is configured such that, when the interior of the distillation body 50 is in a vacuum environment, the spring force generated by the reset spring element 33 just connects the buffer hole 22 and the liquid outlet hole 31. This prevents the valve core 30 from being pulled towards the distillation body 50 by the vacuum suction due to insufficient spring force, which would cause misalignment between the buffer hole 22 and the liquid outlet hole 31 and a reduction in the flow cross-sectional area. It also prevents the valve core 30 from being pushed away from the distillation body 50 due to excessive spring force, which would cause an excessive gap between the buffer hole 22 and the liquid outlet hole 31 and excessive liquid inflow. At the same time, it ensures that the buffer hole 22 and the liquid outlet hole 31 always maintain a stable connection under vacuum conditions, allowing the liquid mixture to flow continuously and evenly to the distillation body 50 through the channel formed by the two, and ensuring that the subsequent adjusting block 36 can effectively adjust the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet hole 31.

[0073] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0074] First, the liquid inlet pipe 10 injects a liquid mixture into the distillation body 50. In the initial stage, the vacuum degree of the distillation body 50 is low. The pressure of the liquid mixture and the elasticity of the reset spring 33 push the valve core 30 to move away from the distillation body 50, so that the valve core 30 separates from the frustum-shaped groove 21 to form an annular gap. After the liquid is initially buffered by the first throttling port 41, the second throttling port 42, and the third throttling port 43 of the multi-stage throttling ring 40, it enters the buffer chamber 25 of the valve body 20 to weaken the pressure fluctuation. Then, it flows to the distillation body 50 through the buffer hole 22 and the liquid outlet hole 31 of the valve core 30. At this time, the connecting rod 38 drives the throttling boss 39 to move synchronously with the valve core 30. The annular end 392 of the throttling boss 39 changes the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the multi-stage throttling ring 40, further weakening the external feed pressure fluctuation. As the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 increases, the first vacuum connection pipe 32 synchronizes the pressure of the first vacuum chamber 23 with that of the distillation body 50, pushing the valve core 30 to fit tightly against the frustum-shaped groove 21. This connects the buffer hole 22 with the liquid outlet 31, preventing the valve core 30 from becoming misaligned due to vacuum suction, thus reducing the flow area, and also preventing excessive liquid inflow due to excessive elasticity. At this time, the liquid flows continuously and evenly into the distillation body 50 through the liquid outlet 31, forming a thin liquid film against the evaporation surface under the action of the scraper rotor. Simultaneously, the frustum-shaped groove 21 and the valve core 30 fit more tightly as the vacuum level increases, preventing air infiltration or liquid leakage. This achieves stable feeding without pulses or drips under vacuum conditions, solving the problems of uneven liquid layer and material decomposition caused by feed fluctuations in the prior art.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] refer to Figures 7 to 8 The valve core 30 also includes:

[0077] The second vacuum chamber 34 is opened inside the valve core 30, located inside a plurality of liquid outlet holes 31 and connected to all liquid outlet holes 31 to form a connecting groove.

[0078] Several second vacuum connecting pipes 35 are fixed to the side of the valve core 30 near the distillation body 50, connecting the distillation body 50 and the second vacuum chamber 34 to synchronize the gas pressure inside the second vacuum chamber 34 with the gas pressure inside the distillation body 50. Since the second vacuum connecting pipes 35 need to synchronize the gas pressure inside the second vacuum chamber 34 with the distillation body 50, the adjusting block 36 needs to slide rapidly according to the gas pressure inside the second vacuum chamber 34 to fine-tune the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31. If the second vacuum chamber 34 is long, the end of the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 located inside the second vacuum chamber 34 can be positioned in the middle of the second vacuum chamber 34. This is because if the second vacuum chamber 34 is long, and the end of the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 is only close to one end of the second vacuum chamber 34, a pressure gradient difference will occur in the gas pressure transmission within the second vacuum chamber 34. The gas pressure update in the area far from the end of the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 will lag, failing to synchronize with the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 in real time. This will cause the adjusting block 36 to experience sliding delays or jamming due to the inconsistent gas pressure on both sides. By positioning the end of the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 in the middle of the second vacuum chamber 34, the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 can be quickly transmitted to the entire chamber of the second vacuum chamber 34 through the second vacuum connecting pipe 35. This ensures that the gas pressure in each area of ​​the second vacuum chamber 34 is uniform and responds synchronously to changes in the vacuum level of the distillation body 50. It provides a consistent pressure drive signal to all regulating blocks 36, avoiding asynchronous expansion and contraction of the regulating blocks 36 due to uneven gas pressure transmission. This enables the regulating blocks 36 to expand and contract quickly and uniformly according to the vacuum level, and precisely adjusts the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31.

[0079] Several adjusting blocks 36 slide within corresponding connecting grooves and are configured such that their width is the same as the width of the connecting groove. These blocks extend into the liquid outlet 31, altering the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31 and ensuring constant sealing of the corresponding connecting groove. The adjusting blocks 36 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which has an extremely low coefficient of friction, ensuring smooth sliding within the connecting groove. Furthermore, PTFE is chemically inert, does not react with liquid mixtures, and provides excellent sealing, maintaining a constant seal on the connecting groove whether sliding or stationary.

[0080] Several adjusting spring elements 37 are disposed within the second vacuum chamber 34, with one end fixedly connected to the valve core 30 and the other end fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting block 36. These spring elements are used to change the sliding position of the adjusting block 36 according to the pressure inside the second vacuum chamber 34. The material selection for the adjusting spring elements 37 is the same as that for the reset spring elements 33; a compression spring can be used, specifically 304 stainless steel, to ensure long-term stable operation in a vacuum environment. If the liquid mixture is highly corrosive, a beryllium copper alloy, such as QBe2, can be selected, which can operate stably for a long time in a highly corrosive vacuum environment.

[0081] Both the first vacuum connecting pipe 32 and the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 extend into the interior of the distillation body 50. Both the first vacuum connecting pipe 32 and the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 can be made of 316L stainless steel. 316L stainless steel has excellent welding and sealing properties, allowing for high-tightness connections with the valve core 30 and the distillation body 50 through precision machining. Furthermore, its outgassing rate in a high vacuum environment is extremely low, preventing the release of additional gas into the first vacuum chamber 23 or the distillation body 50, thus ensuring a stable vacuum environment. Although the first vacuum connecting pipe 32 and the second vacuum connecting pipe 35 do not directly contact the liquid mixture, vapors generated by the volatilization atmosphere of potentially highly corrosive materials within the distillation body 50 will still come into contact with the first vacuum connecting pipe 32 and the second vacuum connecting pipe 35. 316L stainless steel has strong chemical inertness and can withstand the corrosion of such volatile substances, preventing pipe corrosion and blockage.

[0082] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0083] When the vacuum level inside the distillation body 50 changes, the second vacuum connection pipe 35 synchronously transmits the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 to the second vacuum chamber 34. The pressure change in the second vacuum chamber 34 drives the adjusting spring element 37 to move the adjusting block 36 in the connecting groove. The adjusting block 36 extends into the liquid outlet 31, changing its effective flow cross-sectional area. Specifically, when the vacuum level inside the distillation body 50 increases, the pressure in the second vacuum chamber 34 decreases, and the resistance to the flow of the liquid mixture in the pipe increases. At this time, the elastic force of the adjusting spring element 37 pushes the adjusting block 36 to slide towards the liquid outlet 31, increasing the length of the adjusting block 36 extending into the liquid outlet 31. This reduces the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31, thereby decreasing the flow rate of the liquid mixture per unit time and preventing liquid accumulation and subsequent sudden surges caused by increased resistance, thus avoiding pulses. When the vacuum level inside the distillation body 50 decreases, the gas pressure in the second vacuum chamber 34 increases, reducing the flow resistance of the liquid mixture. At this time, the gas pressure pushes the regulating block 36 to slide away from the liquid outlet 31, compressing the regulating spring 37 and shortening the length of the regulating block 36 extending into the liquid outlet 31. This increases the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31, thereby increasing the flow rate and preventing excessively fast liquid flow and excessively thin liquid layers due to insufficient resistance, which could lead to overheating of the heating surface. Furthermore, the width of the regulating block 36 is consistent with the connecting groove, ensuring a constant seal to prevent liquid leakage or gas pressure disturbances. Thus, by changing the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid outlet 31, a fine-tuned and stable flow effect is achieved, adapting to subtle fluctuations in the vacuum level of the distillation body 50.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] refer to Figures 2 to 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The valve core 30 also includes:

[0086] Several connecting rods 38 are set in several corresponding guide holes 24, and one end of each rod is fixedly connected to the side of the valve core 30 away from the distillation body 50, so as to drive the throttling boss 39 to move synchronously with the valve core 30.

[0087] The throttling boss 39 is fixedly connected to one end of several connecting rods 38 away from the valve core 30 and is located inside the multi-stage throttling ring 40.

[0088] The connecting rod 38 can be made of titanium alloy TC4, which has a density of only 4.51 g / cm³, about 60% of that of 316L stainless steel. This can reduce the overall weight of the valve core 30, reduce the load on the reset spring 33, and ensure the response sensitivity of the valve core 30 in a vacuum environment. At the same time, the tensile strength of titanium alloy TC4 is ≥860MPa, and its wear resistance is better than that of ordinary stainless steel. It can withstand the sliding friction with the sealing ring of the guide hole 24 for a long time, avoid the wear of the connecting rod 38 causing the position of the throttling boss 39 to shift, and ensure the effective flow cross-sectional area adjustment accuracy of the multi-stage throttling ring 40.

[0089] The outer wall of the connecting rod 38 slides against the inner wall of the guide hole 24. Sealing rings are provided at both ends of the guide hole 24 to prevent liquid mixtures from seeping into it. Since the connecting rod 38 needs to drive the throttling boss 39 to move synchronously with the valve core 30 to adjust the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the multi-stage throttling ring 40, its sliding contact design with the guide hole 24 provides stable guidance for the axial movement of the connecting rod 38, preventing misalignment between the throttling boss 39 and the throttling orifice of the multi-stage throttling ring 40 due to the connecting rod 38's deviation, thus ensuring the accuracy of the flow cross-sectional area adjustment. Furthermore, by designing sealing rings at both ends of the guide hole 24, the seepage of liquid mixtures into the guide hole 24 can be completely prevented. If liquid seeps into the guide hole 24, not only will the increased viscosity of the liquid increase the sliding resistance of the connecting rod 38, causing the throttling boss 39 to become stuck and the adjustment to fail, but it may also remain in the guide hole 24 and evaporate under the influence of the vacuum environment, damaging the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 or contaminating subsequent materials. Therefore, by designing a sealing ring, it is possible to ensure that the connecting rod 38 slides smoothly to achieve precise adjustment of the throttling boss 39, and to maintain the stability of the equipment's vacuum environment and the purity of the feed.

[0090] Throttling boss 39 includes:

[0091] The conical end 391 is the end of the throttling boss 39 away from the distillation body 50. Its cross-section is an isosceles triangle. It is used to reduce the thrust of the throttling boss 39 toward the distillation body 50 when the liquid mixture comes into contact with the throttling boss 39.

[0092] The circular end 392 is the end of the throttling boss 39 near the distillation body 50. It has a rectangular cross-section and is used to move to the inside of the multi-stage throttling ring 40 to change the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the multi-stage throttling ring 40.

[0093] The throttling boss 39 can be designed as a single unit, meaning the conical end 391 and the annular end 392 can be integrated into one piece, both made of the same material, such as 316L stainless steel, which has strong chemical inertness and can operate in long-term contact with liquid mixtures. Alternatively, the throttling boss 39 can be composed of the conical end 391 and the annular end 392. The conical end 391 can be made of PTFE-modified material filled with 20% glass fiber, which has an extremely low coefficient of friction (dynamic friction coefficient ≤0.05), a smooth surface, and is neither hydrophilic nor oleophilic. This results in low resistance when the liquid mixture flows over the inclined surface of the conical end 391, minimizing the impact thrust of the liquid on the throttling boss 39. Its strong chemical inertness also prevents material corrosion or residue buildup. Furthermore, the addition of glass fiber increases the rigidity of the PTFE, preventing deformation of the inclined surface due to liquid impact and maintaining the structural stability of the triangular cross-section, ensuring consistent thrust reduction.

[0094] The multi-stage throttling ring 40 includes:

[0095] The first slug orifice 41, the second slug orifice 42, and the third slug orifice 43 have progressively larger inner diameters and the same height. The first slug orifice 41 is far away from the distillation body 50, the third slug orifice 43 is close to the distillation body 50, and the second slug orifice 42 is located between the first slug orifice 41 and the third slug orifice 43. The height of the annular end 392 is less than the height of each of the first slug orifice 41, the second slug orifice 42, and the third slug orifice 43. The first throttling orifice 41, the second throttling orifice 42, and the third throttling orifice 43 have the same height, which ensures that the height of the annular end 392 overlapping with the throttling orifice changes in a consistent manner as it moves with the valve core 30, regardless of which throttling orifice it extends into. This avoids imbalance in adjustment accuracy due to differences in throttling orifice height. Furthermore, the height of the annular end 392 is less than the height of the throttling orifice, ensuring that the annular end 392 will never completely block the throttling orifice during adjustment. Even if the annular end 392 is fully inserted into a certain throttling orifice, the throttling orifice will still retain an annular flow space of "throttling orifice height - annular end 392 height". This avoids liquid flow interruption due to complete blockage and allows for precise adjustment of the effective flow cross-sectional area by changing the depth of the annular end 392, thereby stably reducing fluctuations in external feed pressure and ensuring that the liquid mixture can flow evenly to the buffer hole 22 after being adjusted by the multi-stage throttling ring 40.

[0096] The following is the complete working process and working principle of the above embodiments:

[0097] First, the liquid inlet pipe 10 injects a liquid mixture into the distillation body 50. In the initial stage, the distillation body 50 is in a non-vacuum or low-vacuum state, and the liquid mixture has a strong propulsive force. Together with the elastic force of the reset spring element 33, it pushes the valve core 30 to move closer to the distillation body 50. The valve core 30 drives the throttling boss 39 to move synchronously through the connecting rod 38, so that the annular end 392 of the throttling boss 39 extends into the first throttling port 41 of the multi-stage throttling ring 40. The annular fit between the annular end 392 and the first throttling port 41 slightly reduces the flow cross-sectional area, initially weakening the fluctuation of the external feed pressure and avoiding a sudden increase in liquid flow. As the vacuum level of the distillation body 50 increases, the first vacuum chamber 23 is connected to the first vacuum connecting pipe 32. As the pressure in the distillation body 50 decreases synchronously, the thrust of the reset spring element 33 in the first vacuum chamber 23 pushes the valve core 30 further towards the distillation body 50, causing the annular end 392 to disengage from the first throttling orifice 41 and move into the space between the second throttling orifice 42. By adapting to the medium flow cross-sectional area, the increased liquid flow resistance caused by the increase in vacuum is balanced, maintaining a stable flow of the liquid mixture towards the buffer chamber 25 and avoiding sudden changes in flow rate. Finally, when the distillation body 50 approaches or reaches a complete vacuum state, the valve core 30 fits tightly against the frustum-shaped groove 21, and the annular end 392 moves into the space between the third throttling orifice 43. Strong throttling is achieved through the cooperation of the small-diameter throttling orifice and the annular end 392, suppressing the dripping feed formed by the surface tension of the liquid. When the distillation body 50 stops working, as the pressure in the distillation body 50 gradually returns to normal, the liquid mixture no longer enters the distillation body 50. Under the elastic force of the reset spring element 33, the annular end 392 returns to the inside of the first throttling orifice 41.

[0098] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A molecular distillation equipment feed device, comprising a distillation main body (50) and a liquid inlet pipe (10), characterized in that: the liquid inlet pipe (10) is installed on one side of the top of the distillation main body (50) and used for injecting a liquid mixture into the distillation main body (50); the liquid inlet pipe (10) is provided with a valve body (20), a valve core (30), a throttling boss (39) and a multi-stage throttling ring (40); the valve body (20) is fixed to the inner wall of one end of the liquid inlet pipe (10) close to the distillation main body (50) and used for fixing the valve core (30) and the multi-stage throttling ring (40) to ensure the position stability of the valve core (30) and the multi-stage throttling ring (40); the valve core (30) is slidingly connected to one end of the valve body (20) close to the distillation main body (50) and used for changing the effective flow area of the pipeline for transporting the liquid mixture according to the vacuum degree in the distillation main body (50); the multi-stage throttling ring (40) is arranged in one end of the liquid inlet pipe (10) away from the distillation main body (50) and used for changing the effective flow area thereof by moving the throttling boss (39); the valve body (20) comprises: a circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21) which is arranged at one end of the valve body (20) close to the distillation main body (50) and used for sliding the valve core (30) in the valve body (20); a plurality of buffer holes (22) which are arranged in the valve body (20) and communicate with the circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21) and used for transporting the liquid mixture; a first vacuum cavity (23) which is arranged in the valve body (20) and communicates with the circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21) at one end close to the circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21); a plurality of guide holes (24) which are arranged in the valve body (20) and communicate with the circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21); and a buffer cavity (25) which is arranged at one end of the circular truncated cone-shaped groove (21) away from the distillation main body (50) and communicates with the liquid inlet pipe (10), the buffer holes (22) and the first vacuum cavity (23) and has an inner wall fixedly connected with an outer wall of the multi-stage throttling ring (40); the valve core (30) comprises: a plurality of liquid outlet holes (31) which are uniformly arranged on the valve core (30) and penetrate through the valve core (30), a plurality of the liquid outlet holes (31) share the same central axis and have the same diameter with corresponding ones of the plurality of buffer holes (22) and are used for transporting the liquid mixture transported by the buffer holes (22) into the distillation main body (50); and a first vacuum connection pipe (32) which is fixed in the valve core (30) and extends into the distillation main body (50) and the first vacuum cavity (23) at two ends respectively and connects the distillation main body (50) and the first vacuum cavity (23) and is used for synchronizing the air pressure in the first vacuum cavity (23) with the air pressure in the distillation main body (50). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ A plurality of reset elastic members (33) are arranged in the first vacuum cavity (23), one end of each of which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first vacuum cavity (23) away from the distillation main body (50), and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve core (30) extending into the first vacuum cavity (23) to seal the first vacuum cavity (23), for pushing the valve core (30) to move towards the distillation main body (50) when the air pressure in the first vacuum cavity (23) decreases; The valve core (30) further comprises: A second vacuum cavity (34) is arranged inside the valve core (30) and located inside and communicated with all the liquid outlet holes (31) to form a communication groove; A plurality of second vacuum connection pipes (35) are fixed to the side of the valve core (30) close to the distillation main body (50) and communicate the distillation main body (50) and the second vacuum cavity (34), for synchronizing the air pressure inside the second vacuum cavity (34) with the air pressure inside the distillation main body (50); A plurality of adjusting blocks (36) are arranged in the corresponding communication grooves, and the width of each adjusting block (36) is the same as the width of the corresponding communication groove, for extending into the liquid outlet hole (31) to change the effective flow area of the liquid outlet hole (31) and seal the corresponding communication groove at the moment; A plurality of adjusting elastic members (37) are arranged in the second vacuum cavity (34), one end of each of which is fixedly connected to the valve core (30), and the other end is fixedly connected to the corresponding adjusting block (36), for changing the sliding position of the adjusting block (36) according to the pressure inside the second vacuum cavity (34).

2. A feed arrangement for a molecular distillation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset elastic member (33) is arranged to generate a force just to make the buffer hole (22) communicate with the liquid outlet hole (31) when the inside of the distillation main body (50) is a vacuum environment.

3. A feed apparatus for a molecular distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first vacuum connection pipe (32) and the second vacuum connection pipe (35) both extend into the inside of the distillation main body (50).

4. A feed apparatus for a molecular distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The valve core (30) further comprises: A plurality of connecting rods (38) are arranged in the corresponding guide holes (24), one end of each of which is fixedly connected to the side of the valve core (30) away from the distillation main body (50), for driving the throttling boss (39) to move synchronously with the valve core (30); The throttling boss (39) is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod (38) away from the valve core (30) and located inside the multi-stage throttling ring (40).

5. A feed apparatus for a molecular distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting rod (38) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the guide hole (24), and the guide hole (24) is provided with a sealing ring at each end, for preventing the liquid mixture from penetrating into the guide hole (24).

6. A feed apparatus for a molecular distillation apparatus as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: The throttling boss (39) comprises: A conical end (391) is the end of the throttling boss (39) away from the distillation main body (50), the cross section of which is an isosceles triangle, for reducing the thrust given to the throttling boss (39) in the direction of the distillation main body (50) when the liquid mixture contacts the throttling boss (39). A circular ring end (392) is an end of the throttle boss (39) close to the distillation main body (50), with a rectangular cross section, used to move to the inside of the multi-stage throttle ring (40) to change the effective flow area of the multi-stage throttle ring (40).

7. A feed apparatus for a molecular distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-stage throttle ring (40) comprises: A first throttle port (41), a second throttle port (42) and a third throttle port (43), the inner diameters of the first throttle port (41), the second throttle port (42) and the third throttle port (43) increase in turn and the heights are the same, wherein the first throttle port (41) is away from the distillation main body (50), the third throttle port (43) is close to the distillation main body (50), the second throttle port (42) is between the first throttle port (41) and the third throttle port (43), and the height of the circular ring end (392) is less than the height of each of the first throttle port (41), the second throttle port (42) and the third throttle port (43).

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