Device and method for manufacturing barrel with overhanging structure characteristic through additive-equivalent composite manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for manufacturing a cylinder body with a suspension structure characteristic through additive composition. The device comprises a welding robot, a positioner and a suspension structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism, the suspension structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism comprises an inner supporting frame body, an outer supporting frame body, an outer frame lifting adjusting assembly, an additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly, an additive thin cylinder heating assembly and a suspension structure downward pressing forming assembly. According to the method, the additive manufacturing process and the equal-material pressing forming process are combined, and in the additive manufacturing process of the thin additive cylinder, when closed interlayers or inner ribs need to be manufactured on the thin additive cylinder, the method is not limited by the number of the closed interlayers and the number of the inner ribs or the range of the inner diameter of the thin additive cylinder; the requirement for manufacturing closed interlayers and inner ribs of different numbers and sizes on thin additive cylinders of different inner diameter ranges can be met, the additive manufacturing application range of cylinders with overhanging structure characteristics is greatly expanded, and meanwhile the device has the advantages of being simple in structure and easy and flexible to operate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a device and method for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of metal material manufacturing, compared with traditional equal material manufacturing and subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing does not need traditional cutters and clamps, and does not need multiple processing procedures, and can quickly and accurately manufacture parts of any complex shape on a single device, solve the forming problem of many complex structural parts, shorten the processing cycle by reducing the processing procedures, and the more complex the product structure, the more significant the advantage of fast manufacturing.

[0003] At present, the metal material additive manufacturing technology mainly uses laser, electric arc and electron beam as the heat source, and uses metal wire or powder as the supply material. The heat source melts the supply material to form a molten pool. The molten pool is accumulated along the predetermined track, and is stacked layer by layer from bottom to top. Finally, the additive manufacturing of complex metal material structural parts can be completed.

[0004] However, in actual production, when the additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features is performed, the additive manufacturing time of the overhanging structural features is long, and many supports need to be added to the overhanging structure to prevent collapse. The removal of the supports also needs to be machined, which not only wastes materials, but also is time-consuming and laborious. In addition, when the inner diameter of the cylinder with overhanging structural features is too small, the welding gun of the welding robot cannot be inserted into the cylinder, thereby limiting the additive manufacturing of the overhanging structural features.

[0005] The patent application No. 202310735228.4 discloses a thin tube high-frequency sealing machine, but the patent scheme is limited to the manufacturing of a single closed layer, thereby limiting its application range.

[0006] The patent application No. 202311520635.X discloses a method for manufacturing a cylinder with internal ribs based on spinning and additive manufacturing, but the patent scheme needs to additively manufacture internal ribs in the inner cavity of the additive thin cylinder. If the inner diameter of the additive thin cylinder is too small, the manufacturing of the internal ribs cannot be completed, thereby limiting its application range. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the problems in the prior art, the application provides a device and method for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structure features, which combines additive manufacturing process and equal material down-pressing forming process, and in the additive manufacturing process of the additive thin cylinder, when it is required to manufacture closed partitions or inner ribs on the additive thin cylinder, the additive thin cylinder is not limited by the number of closed partitions and inner ribs or the inner diameter range of the additive thin cylinder, and the requirement of manufacturing closed partitions and inner ribs with different numbers and size specifications on the additive thin cylinder with different inner diameter ranges can be met, so that the application range of additive manufacturing of the cylinder with overhanging structure features is greatly expanded, and the device also has the characteristics of simple structure and simple and flexible operation.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a device for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structure features, comprising a welding robot, a positioner and an overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism; the welding robot and the positioner are arranged side by side; the overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism is arranged above the positioner; the positioner comprises a base support, an electric rotary table and a three-jaw chuck; the electric rotary table is arranged at the center of the top of the base support; and the three-jaw chuck is coaxially fixed on the upper part of the electric rotary table.

[0009] The overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism comprises an inner support frame body, an outer support frame body, an outer frame lifting adjusting assembly, an additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly, an additive thin cylinder heating assembly and an overhanging structure down-pressing forming assembly; the inner support frame body is fixedly installed on the top of the base support, and the electric rotary table is located at the center of the inner side of the inner support frame body; the outer support frame body is sleeved and arranged on the outer side of the inner support frame body; the outer frame lifting adjusting assembly is arranged between the inner support frame body and the outer support frame body; the additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly is arranged at the center of the inner side of the outer support frame body; the additive thin cylinder heating assembly is arranged in front of the outer side of the outer support frame body; and the overhanging structure down-pressing forming assembly is arranged behind the outer side of the outer support frame body.

[0010] The outer frame lifting adjusting assembly comprises a lifting motor, a lifting motor support, a first coupling, a ball screw, a nut, a nut seat, a guide slide rod, a guide slide sleeve, a guide slide rail and a guide slide block; the lifting motor, the lifting motor support, the first coupling, the ball screw, the nut, the nut seat, the guide slide rod and the guide slide sleeve are distributed on the same side and are distributed on the opposite side of the guide slide rail and the guide slide block; the lifting motor support is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the inner support frame body; the lifting motor is vertically fixed on the lifting motor support with the motor shaft upward; the ball screw is vertically arranged, the lower end of the ball screw is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the lifting motor through the first coupling, and the upper end of the ball screw is rotationally connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body through a bearing seat; the nut is sleeved on the ball screw, one end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the nut, and the other end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body; the guide slide rods are vertically arranged and symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the ball screw, and the upper and lower ends of the guide slide rods are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body through fixing seats; the guide slide sleeve is sleeved on the guide slide rod and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body; the guide slide rail is vertically fixed on the outer surface of the inner support frame body, and the guide slide block is arranged on the guide slide rail and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body.

[0011] The additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly comprises a bearing turntable, a limiting support rod, a limiting support sleeve, a jackscrew seat, a jackscrew and an arc-shaped clamping claw; the limiting support sleeve is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body and is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer support frame body, one limiting support rod is fixedly and penetratingly arranged in each limiting support sleeve, and the inner end of the limiting support rod extends to the inner side of the outer support frame body; the bearing turntable is horizontally arranged, and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the inner end of the limiting support rod; the jackscrew seat is horizontally fixed on the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing turntable and is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the bearing turntable, and the outer end of each jackscrew seat is horizontally installed with a jackscrew; the arc-shaped clamping claw is arranged at the inner end of the jackscrew seat and is threadedly connected with the jackscrew.

[0012] The additive thin cylinder heating assembly comprises an electromagnetic induction heating coil, a turnover displacement motor, a second coupling, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a first shaft sleeve, a second shaft sleeve, a driving gear, a driven gear and a telescopic displacement air cylinder; the turnover displacement motor is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body with the motor shaft facing inward; the driving shaft is horizontally arranged, one end of the driving shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the turnover displacement motor through the second coupling, and the other end of the driving shaft is rotationally connected with the outer support frame body through a bearing seat; the driven shaft is horizontally arranged and is distributed in parallel with the driving shaft, and both ends of the driven shaft are rotationally connected with the outer support frame body through bearing seats; the first shaft sleeve is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft, the driving gear is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first shaft sleeve and is symmetrically distributed at both ends of the first shaft sleeve; the second shaft sleeve is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outside of the driven shaft, the driven gear is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second shaft sleeve and is symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second shaft sleeve, and the driven gear is engaged with the driving gear; the telescopic displacement air cylinder is symmetrically distributed on the outside of both ends of the second shaft sleeve, and the cylinder barrel bottom end of the telescopic displacement air cylinder is fixedly connected on the driven shaft, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil is fixedly connected on the piston rod top end of the telescopic displacement air cylinder.

[0013] The overhanging structure down forming assembly comprises a turnover displacement oil cylinder, a pressing plate, a force transmission rod and a fulcrum seat; the fulcrum seat is vertically fixed on the top of the outer support frame body; the rear end of the pressing plate is hingedly connected on the fulcrum seat, and the front end of the pressing plate is a free end; one end of the force transmission rod is fixedly connected on the rear end of the pressing plate; the cylinder barrel bottom end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder is hingedly connected with the outer support frame body, and the piston rod top end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder is hingedly connected with the other end of the force transmission rod.

[0014] A method for additive and subtractive composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature, which adopts the device for additive and subtractive composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature, and comprises the following steps: Step one: coaxial fixed clamping of the additive substrate is completed by the three-jaw chuck; Step two: the electric rotary table is started to drive the three-jaw chuck and the additive substrate thereon to rotate at a set speed; Step three: the welding robot is started to manufacture the additive thin cylinder on the rotating additive substrate; Step four: when it is needed to manufacture the overhanging structure on the additive thin cylinder, the welding robot ends the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder and is separated therefrom, the electric rotary table is closed, then the lifting motor is started to drive the ball screw to rotate, and then the screw nut and the screw nut seat are moved upward, so that the outer support frame body is lifted to a set height; Step five: the top screw is screwed to drive the arc-shaped clamping claw to approach the additive thin cylinder until the clamping and fixing of the additive thin cylinder are completed in the circumferential direction of the additive thin cylinder; Step six: start the telescopic displacement cylinder to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil to extend forward to the set position, then start the turnover displacement motor to drive the driving shaft to rotate, through the meshing transmission of the driving gear and the driven gear, drive the driven shaft to rotate synchronously, and then drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil to turn over and displace to the top of the additive thin cylinder, and then start the telescopic displacement cylinder again to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil to descend to the set height until the to-be-heated section of the additive thin cylinder enters the inside of the electromagnetic induction heating coil; Step seven: start the electromagnetic induction heating coil to heat the to-be-heated section of the additive thin cylinder by electromagnetic induction until the heating temperature reaches the set value; Step eight: start the telescopic displacement cylinder to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil to rise to the set height, so that the electromagnetic induction heating coil is raised to the top of the additive thin cylinder, then start the turnover displacement motor to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil to turn over away from the additive thin cylinder, and then start the telescopic displacement cylinder again to make the electromagnetic induction heating coil return to the initial position; Step nine: start the electric rotary table to drive the additive thin cylinder to rotate, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw, the jack, the jack seat and the bearing inner ring of the shaft bearing turntable rotate synchronously with the additive thin cylinder, then start the turnover displacement oil cylinder to drive the pressing plate to turn over and displace to the top of the additive thin cylinder, and press the heated section of the additive thin cylinder into a suspended structure through the pressing plate; Step ten: start the turnover displacement oil cylinder to drive the pressing plate to turn over to the initial position; Step eleven: if the suspended structure on the additive thin cylinder is only one place, the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder with suspended structure characteristics is completed; if the suspended structure on the additive thin cylinder is in multiple places in the height direction, steps three to ten are repeated until the manufacturing of all suspended structures on the additive thin cylinder is completed.

[0015] In step seven, the heating mode of the electromagnetic induction heating coil needs to meet the requirements of the thermal inertia matching coefficient formula, and the inertia matching coefficient formula is: ; In the formula, Λ is the thermal inertia matching coefficient, delta is the thermal diffusion depth, k is the thermal conductivity of the additive thin cylinder, t is the induction heating time, rho is the specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, h 2 is the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, Λ min is the minimum value of the thermal inertia matching coefficient, and Λ min The value range of Λ is 0.6-0.65.

[0016] In step seven, the heating power of the electromagnetic induction heating coil needs to meet the following formula requirements: ; P T P is the heating power, C C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, T T is the plastic deformation temperature of the additive thin cylinder, T T0 is the initial plastic deformation temperature of the additive thin cylinder, M M is the mass of the inductively heated section of the additive thin cylinder, t t is the inductive heating time.

[0017] In step seven, the heating height calculation formula when the electromagnetic induction heating coil heats the additive thin cylinder is: When the overhanging structure is a closed partition, ; When the overhanging structure is an internal rib, ; In the formula, h 1 is the heating height, h 2 is the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, R 1 is the outer diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, R 2 is the inner diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, r D is the inner diameter of the internal rib.

[0018] Advantages of the present application: The device and method for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature of the present application combines additive manufacturing process and equal material down-pressing forming process. In the additive manufacturing process of the additive thin cylinder, when a closed partition or an internal rib needs to be manufactured on the additive thin cylinder, it is not limited by the number of closed partitions and internal ribs, nor by the inner diameter range of the additive thin cylinder, and can meet the demand for manufacturing different numbers and size specifications of closed partitions and internal ribs on additive thin cylinders in different inner diameter ranges, greatly expanding the application range of additive manufacturing of cylinder bodies with overhanging structure features. At the same time, the device also has the characteristics of simple structure and simple and flexible operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram (view angle one) of a device (initial state) for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature of the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram (view angle one) of a device (additive thin cylinder heating state) for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature of the present application; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram (view angle two) of a device (overhanging structure pressing process) for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature of the present application; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram (view angle two) of a device (after overhanging structure pressing is completed) for additive and equal composite manufacturing of a cylinder body with an overhanging structure feature of the present application; Figure 5 Structure diagram of the positioner of the present application (front view); Figure 6 Structure diagram of the outer frame lifting adjusting assembly of the present application (front view); Figure 7 Structure diagram of the additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly of the present application (top view); Figure 8 Structure diagram of the additive thin cylinder heating assembly of the present application (bottom view); Figure 9 Structure diagram of the overhanging structure down-press forming assembly of the present application (front view); Figure 10 Height diagram of the additive thin cylinder heating assembly of the present application; Figure 11 Diagram of the overhanging structure of the additive thin cylinder when it is a closed partition layer; Figure 12 Diagram of the overhanging structure of the additive thin cylinder when it is an inner rib; In the figure, I-positioner, II-outer frame lifting adjusting assembly, III-additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly, IV-additive thin cylinder heating assembly, V-overhanging structure down-press forming assembly, 1-base support, 2-electric rotary table, 3-three-jaw chuck, 4-inner support frame body, 5-outer support frame body, 6-lifting motor, 7-lifting motor support, 8-first coupling, 9-roller screw, 10-nut, 11-nut seat, 12-guiding slide rod, 13-guiding slide sleeve, 14-guiding slide rail, 15-guiding slide block, 16-bearing rotary table, 17-limiting support rod, 18-limiting support sleeve, 19-top screw seat, 20-top screw, 21-arc-shaped clamping claw, 22-electromagnetic induction heating coil, 23-flipping displacement motor, 24-second coupling, 25-driving shaft, 26-driven shaft, 27-first shaft sleeve, 28-second shaft sleeve, 29-driving gear, 30-driven gear, 31-telescopic displacement air cylinder, 32-flipping displacement oil cylinder, 33-pressing plate, 34-force transmission rod, 35-fulcrum seat, 36-additive thin cylinder, h 1-heating height, h 2-wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, R 1-outer diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, R 2-inner diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, r inner diameter of the inner rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] As Figures 1-12As shown, a device for additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structure features includes a welding robot, a positioner I, and an overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism; the welding robot and the positioner I are arranged side by side; the overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism is arranged above the positioner I; the positioner I includes a base support 1, a motorized rotary table 2, and a three-jaw chuck 3; the motorized rotary table 2 is arranged at the top center of the base support 1; the three-jaw chuck 3 is coaxially arranged on the upper part of the motorized rotary table 2.

[0022] The overhanging structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism includes an inner support frame body 4, an outer support frame body 5, an outer frame lifting adjustment assembly II, an additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly III, an additive thin cylinder heating assembly IV, and an overhanging structure downward forming assembly V; the inner support frame body 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the base support 1, and the motorized rotary table 2 is arranged at the center of the inner side of the inner support frame body 4; the outer support frame body 5 is arranged on the outer side of the inner support frame body 4; the outer frame lifting adjustment assembly is arranged between the inner support frame body 4 and the outer support frame body 5; the additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly is arranged at the center of the inner side of the outer support frame body 5; the additive thin cylinder heating assembly is arranged in front of the outer side of the outer support frame body 5; and the overhanging structure downward forming assembly is arranged behind the outer side of the outer support frame body 5.

[0023] The outer frame lifting adjustment assembly II includes a lifting motor 6, a lifting motor support 7, a first coupling 8, a ball screw 9, a nut 10, a nut seat 11, a guide slide rod 12, a guide slide sleeve 13, a guide slide rail 14, and a guide slide block 15; the lifting motor 6, the lifting motor support 7, the first coupling 8, the ball screw 9, the nut 10, the nut seat 11, the guide slide rod 12, and the guide slide sleeve 13 are arranged on the same side and are arranged on the opposite side of the guide slide rail 14 and the guide slide block 15; the lifting motor support 7 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the inner support frame body 4; the lifting motor 6 is vertically arranged on the lifting motor support 7 with the motor shaft upward; the ball screw 9 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the ball screw 9 is coaxially connected with the motor shaft of the lifting motor 6 through the first coupling 8, and the upper end of the ball screw 9 is rotatably connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body 4 through a bearing seat; the nut 10 is sleeved on the ball screw 9, one end of the nut seat 11 is fixedly connected with the nut 10, and the other end of the nut seat 11 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body 5; the guide slide rod 12 is vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the ball screw 9, and the upper and lower ends of the guide slide rod 12 are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body 4 through a fixed seat; the guide slide sleeve 13 is sleeved on the guide slide rod 12 and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body 5; the guide slide rail 14 is vertically arranged on the outer surface of the inner support frame body 4, and the guide slide block 15 is arranged on the guide slide rail 14 and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body 5.

[0024] The additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly III comprises a bearing turntable 16, a limiting support rod 17, a limiting support sleeve 18, a jackscrew seat 19, a jackscrew 20 and an arc-shaped clamping claw 21; the limiting support sleeve 18 is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body 5 and evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer support frame body 5, each limiting support sleeve 18 is fixedly provided with a limiting support rod 17, and the inner end of the limiting support rod 17 extends to the inner side of the outer support frame body 5; the bearing turntable 16 is horizontally arranged and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the inner end of the limiting support rod 17; the jackscrew seat 19 is horizontally fixed on the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing turntable 16 and evenly distributed circumferentially on the bearing turntable 16, and the outer end of each jackscrew seat 19 is horizontally provided with a jackscrew 20; the arc-shaped clamping claw 21 is arranged at the inner end of the jackscrew seat 19 and is threadedly connected with the jackscrew 20.

[0025] The additive thin cylinder heating assembly IV comprises an electromagnetic induction heating coil 22, a turnover displacement motor 23, a second shaft coupling 24, a driving shaft 25, a driven shaft 26, a first shaft sleeve 27, a second shaft sleeve 28, a driving gear 29, a driven gear 30 and an extension displacement cylinder 31; the turnover displacement motor 23 is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body 5 and the motor shaft faces inward; the driving shaft 25 is horizontally arranged, one end of the driving shaft 25 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the turnover displacement motor 23 through the second shaft coupling 24, and the other end of the driving shaft 25 is rotationally connected with the outer support frame body 5 through a bearing seat; the driven shaft 26 is horizontally arranged and is parallelly distributed with the driving shaft 25, and both ends of the driven shaft 26 are rotationally connected with the outer support frame body 5 through bearing seats; the first shaft sleeve 27 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft 25, the driving gear 29 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first shaft sleeve 27 and is symmetrically distributed at both ends of the first shaft sleeve 27; the second shaft sleeve 28 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driven shaft 26, the driven gear 30 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the second shaft sleeve 28 and is symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second shaft sleeve 28, and the driven gear 30 is engaged with the driving gear 29; the extension displacement cylinder 31 is symmetrically distributed at the outer sides of both ends of the second shaft sleeve 28, and the cylinder bottom end of the extension displacement cylinder 31 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft 26, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is fixedly connected with the piston rod top end of the extension displacement cylinder 31.

[0026] The overhanging structure downward forming assembly V comprises a turnover displacement oil cylinder 32, a pressing plate 33, a force transmission rod 34 and a fulcrum seat 35; the fulcrum seat 35 is vertically fixed on the top of the outer support frame body 5; the rear end of the pressing plate 33 is hingedly connected with the fulcrum seat 35, and the front end of the pressing plate 33 is a free end; one end of the force transmission rod 34 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the pressing plate 33; the cylinder bottom end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder 32 is hingedly connected with the outer support frame body 5, and the piston rod top end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder 32 is hingedly connected with the other end of the force transmission rod 34.

[0027] A method for additive and subtractive composite manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structure features, which employs the additive and subtractive composite manufacturing device for manufacturing a cylinder with overhanging structure features, comprises the following steps: Step one: the coaxial fixing and clamping of the additive substrate is completed by the three-jaw chuck 3; Step two: the electric rotary table 2 is started to drive the three-jaw chuck 3 and the additive substrate thereon to rotate at a set speed; Specifically, the speed range of the electric rotary table 2 is 100 r / min to 200 r / min; Step three: the welding robot is started to manufacture the additive thin cylinder 36 on the rotating additive substrate; Specifically, the welding robot can manufacture the additive thin cylinder 36 with a diameter range of 200 mm to 400 mm and a height range of 550 mm to 750 mm on the additive substrate. In order to balance the thermal response and thermal diffusion efficiency of the reinforced layer structure, while avoiding excessive system power, the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder 36 is set to be 5 mm to 20 mm. In addition, if the diameter of the additive thin cylinder 36 is too large or the wall thickness is too small, the additive thin cylinder 36 will not be rigid enough during the manufacturing of the overhanging structure, and the non-heating section of the additive thin cylinder 36 will also deform under the pressure applied by the pressing plate 33. If the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder 36 is too large, the overhanging structure will deform due to the accumulation of surface material during the manufacturing of the overhanging structure. In addition, the height of the additive thin cylinder 36 should be greater than the heating height of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22. Furthermore, the material of the additive thin cylinder 36 includes but is not limited to aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, steel, etc. Step four: when it is necessary to manufacture an overhanging structure on the additive thin cylinder 36, the welding robot ends the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder and detaches from it, and the electric rotary table 2 is turned off, then the lifting motor 6 is started to drive the ball screw 9 to rotate, and then drive the nut 10 and the nut seat 11 to move upwards, so that the outer support frame body 5 rises to a set height; Specifically, the travel range of the ball screw 9 is 0 mm to 200 mm, and the lifting height of the outer support frame body 5 should be less than 100 mm each time; Step five: the top screw 20 is screwed to drive the arc-shaped clamping jaw 21 to approach the additive thin cylinder 36 until the clamping and fixing of the additive thin cylinder 36 is completed in the circumferential direction of the additive thin cylinder 36; Step six: start the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to extend forward to the set position, and then start the turnover displacement motor 23 to drive the driving shaft 25 to rotate, through the meshing transmission of the driving gear 29 and the driven gear 30, drive the driven shaft 26 to rotate synchronously, and then drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to turn over and displace to the top of the additive thin cylinder 36, and then start the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 again to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to descend to the set height until the to-be-heated section of the additive thin cylinder 36 enters the inside of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22; Specifically, the turnover angle range of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is 0°-90°, when the turnover angle is 0°, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is in the initial position, and when the turnover angle is 90°, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is in the working position; Step seven: start the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to perform electromagnetic induction heating on the to-be-heated section of the additive thin cylinder 36 until the heating temperature reaches the set value; Specifically, according to the different materials of the additive thin cylinder 36, the heating temperature is also different, wherein the heating temperature of the aluminum alloy is 350℃-550℃, the heating temperature of the titanium alloy is 800℃-1150℃, and the heating temperature of the magnesium alloy is 200℃-350℃; Step eight: start the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to rise to the set height, so that the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is raised to the top of the additive thin cylinder 36, and then start the turnover displacement motor 23 to drive the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 to turn over and move away from the additive thin cylinder 36, and then start the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 again to make the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 return to the initial position; Step nine: start the electric rotary table 2 to drive the additive thin cylinder 36 to rotate, and the arc-shaped clamping jaw 21, the jack 20, the jack seat 19 and the inner ring of the bearing rotary table 16 synchronously follow the additive thin cylinder 36 to rotate, and then start the turnover displacement oil cylinder 32 to drive the pressing plate 33 to turn over and displace to the top of the additive thin cylinder 36, and press the heated section of the additive thin cylinder 36 into a suspended structure through the pressing plate 33; Specifically, the turnover angle range of the pressing plate 33 is 0°-90°, when the turnover angle is 90°, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is in the initial position, and when the turnover angle is 0°, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is in the working position. In addition, according to the different materials of the additive thin cylinder 36, the pressure range of the pressing plate 33 is also different, wherein the pressing plate 33 pressure of the aluminum alloy is 3kN-5kN, the pressing plate 33 pressure of the titanium alloy is 7kN-8kN, and the pressing plate 33 pressure of the magnesium alloy is 2kN-3kN; Step ten: start the turnover displacement oil cylinder 32 to drive the pressing plate 33 to turn over to the initial position; Step eleven: if the overhanging structure on the additive thin cylinder 36 is only one place, the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder 36 with the overhanging structure feature is completed; if the overhanging structure on the additive thin cylinder 36 is multiple places in the height direction, steps three to ten are repeated until the manufacturing of all overhanging structures on the additive thin cylinder 36 is completed.

[0028] In step seven, the heating mode of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 needs to meet the requirement of the thermal inertia matching coefficient formula, and the inertia matching coefficient formula is: ; In the formula, Λ is the thermal inertia matching coefficient, delta is the thermal diffusion depth, k is the thermal conductivity of the additive thin cylinder, t is the induction heating time, rho is the specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, h 2 is the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, Λ min is the minimum value of the thermal inertia matching coefficient, and Λ min The value range of Λ is 0.6-0.65.

[0029] Specifically, when the heating mode of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 meets the requirement of the thermal inertia matching coefficient formula, the structural thermal stability of the additive thin cylinder 36 can be realized in the induction heating process, the structural failure of the additive thin cylinder 36 caused by overheating is prevented, and the induction heating temperature is ensured to meet the deformation needs of the additive thin cylinder 36.

[0030] In step seven, the heating power of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 needs to meet the following formula requirement: ; In the formula, P T is the heating power, C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, T is the plastic deformation temperature of the additive thin cylinder, T 0 is the initial temperature of the plastic deformation of the additive thin cylinder, M is the mass of the induction heated section of the additive thin cylinder, t is the induction heating time.

[0031] In step seven, the heating height calculation formula of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 when heating the additive thin cylinder 36 is: When the overhanging structure is a closed partition, ; When the overhanging structure is an internal rib, ; In the formula, h 1 is the heating height, h 2 is the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, R1 is the outer diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, R 2 is the inner diameter radius of the additive thin cylinder, r is the inner diameter of the inner rib.

[0032] Example one

[0033] In the preparation stage, an annular additive substrate is selected, and the size of the additive substrate is: inner diameter 370 mm, outer diameter 420 mm, and thickness 20 mm; the material of the additive substrate is aluminum alloy, and the surface is polished to remove the surface oxide layer.

[0034] In the additive thin cylinder 36 manufacturing stage, the welding robot selects a diameter of 1.2 mm ER5356 welding wire, and selects a cmt+P mode for welding, wherein the dry elongation is 8 mm, the wire feeding speed is 9 m / min, the welding speed is 6.5 mm / s, the argon flow rate of the protective gas is 18 L / min, the inner diameter of the additive thin cylinder 36 is 390 mm, the outer diameter is 400 mm, and the wall thickness is 5 mm. When the height of the additive thin cylinder 36 reaches 600 mm, the welding robot ends the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder 36.

[0035] In the outer support frame body 5 lifting stage, the outer support frame body 5 is lifted by 50 mm by driving the lifting motor 6.

[0036] In the additive thin cylinder 36 clamping and fixing stage, the top wire 20 is screwed by bolts and in a manual manner until the additive thin cylinder 36 is clamped and fixed by the arc-shaped clamping claw 21 in the circumferential direction.

[0037] In the heating stage, the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 is first controlled to fully extend, and then the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is driven by the overturning displacement motor 23 to overturn 90°, so that the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 moves directly above the additive thin cylinder 36. Subsequently, the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 is controlled to retract, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 descends to the heating position, so that the heating height of the additive thin cylinder 36 is 100 mm, the heating temperature is 500°C, and the heating time is 5 s. After the heating stage ends, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 returns to the initial position.

[0038] In the overhanging structure under pressure forming stage, the rotation speed of the electric rotary table 2 is 200 r / min, the pressure plate 33 is driven by the overturning displacement cylinder 32 to overturn 90°, the overturning angular velocity of the pressure plate 33 is 5 rad / s, and the pressure of the pressure plate 33 is 2.5 KN, until the sealing is completed, and a closed partition layer with a thickness of 5 mm is formed. After the closed partition layer manufacturing ends, the pressure plate 33 returns to the initial position.

[0039] The outer support frame body 5 is lifted by 50 mm again by driving the lifting motor 6, and the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder 36 continues above the first layer of closed partition layer, and the manufacturing of the second layer of closed partition layer is completed by referring to the manufacturing process of the first layer of closed partition layer.

[0040] It is calculated that, compared with the traditional additive thin cylinder 36 closed interlayer manufacturing method, the work efficiency of the present application is improved by about 40%, and the material utilization rate is improved by about 60%.

[0041] Example two

[0042] In the preparation stage, the annular additive substrate is selected, and the size of the additive substrate is: inner diameter 300mm, outer diameter 350mm, thickness 20mm; the material of the additive substrate is magnesium alloy, and the surface is polished to remove the surface oxide layer.

[0043] In the additive thin cylinder 36 manufacturing stage, the welding robot selects AZ31B welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm, and selects cmt mode for welding, wherein the dry elongation is 8mm, the wire feeding speed is 8m / min, the welding speed is 11mm / s, the argon flow rate of the protective gas is 20L / min, the inner diameter of the additive thin cylinder 36 is 320mm, the outer diameter is 330mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm. When the height of the additive thin cylinder 36 reaches 600mm, the welding robot ends the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder 36.

[0044] In the outer support frame body 5 lifting stage, the outer support frame body 5 is lifted by 80mm by driving the lifting motor 6.

[0045] In the additive thin cylinder 36 clamping and fixing stage, the top wire 20 is screwed by bolts and in a manual way until the additive thin cylinder 36 is clamped and fixed by the arc-shaped clamping claw 21 in the circumferential direction.

[0046] In the heating stage, the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 is first controlled to fully extend, and then the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 is driven by the overturning displacement motor 23 to overturn 90°, so that the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 moves directly above the additive thin cylinder 36. Subsequently, the telescopic displacement cylinder 31 is controlled to retract, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 descends to the heating position, so that the heating height of the additive thin cylinder 36 is 53mm, the heating temperature is 350℃, and the heating time is 4s. After the heating stage ends, the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 returns to the initial position.

[0047] In the overhanging structure under pressure forming stage, the rotation speed of the electric rotary table 2 is 150r / min, the pressure plate 33 is driven by the overturning displacement oil cylinder 32 to overturn 90°, the overturning angular velocity of the pressure plate 33 is 5rad / s, the pressure of the pressure plate 33 is 2.5KN, and the inner rib with a thickness of 5mm is formed. After the inner rib manufacturing is completed, the pressure plate 33 returns to the initial position.

[0048] The outer support frame body 5 is lifted by 50mm again by driving the lifting motor 6, and the manufacturing of the additive thin cylinder 36 continues above the first layer of inner ribs, and the manufacturing of the second layer of inner ribs is completed by referring to the manufacturing process of the first layer of inner ribs.

[0049] It is calculated that, compared with the traditional additive thin cylinder 36 rib manufacturing method, the work efficiency of the application is improved by about 50%, and the material utilization rate is improved by about 40%.

[0050] The scheme in the embodiment is not used to limit the protection scope of the application, and any equivalent implementation or change without departing from the application is included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for manufacturing a cylindrical body with a suspended structure using composite materials, characterized in that: The application relates to a welding robot, a positioner and a suspension structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism; the welding robot and the positioner are arranged side by side; the suspension structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism is arranged above the positioner; the positioner comprises a base support, a motorized rotary table and a three-jaw chuck; the motorized rotary table is arranged at the top center of the base support; the three-jaw chuck is coaxially arranged on the upper portion of the motorized rotary table.

2. The apparatus for additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suspension structure auxiliary manufacturing mechanism comprises an inner support frame body, an outer support frame body, an outer frame lifting adjusting assembly, an additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly, an additive thin cylinder heating assembly and a suspension structure downward pressing forming assembly; the inner support frame body is fixedly arranged on the top of the base support, and the motorized rotary table is arranged at the center of the inner side of the inner support frame body; the outer support frame body is sleeved and arranged on the outer side of the inner support frame body; the outer frame lifting adjusting assembly is arranged between the inner support frame body and the outer support frame body; the additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly is arranged at the center of the inner side of the outer support frame body; the additive thin cylinder heating assembly is arranged in front of the outer side of the outer support frame body; and the suspension structure downward pressing forming assembly is arranged behind the outer side of the outer support frame body.

3. The apparatus for additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer frame lifting adjusting assembly comprises a lifting motor, a lifting motor support, a first coupling, a ball screw, a nut, a nut seat, a guide slide rod, a guide slide sleeve, a guide slide rail and a guide slide block; the lifting motor, the lifting motor support, the first coupling, the ball screw, the nut, the nut seat, the guide slide rod and the guide slide sleeve are arranged on the same side and are arranged on the opposite side of the guide slide rail and the guide slide block; the lifting motor support is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the inner support frame body; the lifting motor is vertically arranged on the lifting motor support and the motor shaft faces upwards; the ball screw is vertically arranged, the lower end of the ball screw is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the lifting motor through the first coupling, and the upper end of the ball screw is rotationally connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body through a bearing seat; the nut is sleeved on the ball screw, one end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the nut, and the other end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body; the guide slide rods are vertically arranged and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the ball screw, and the upper and lower ends of the guide slide rods are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the inner support frame body through fixing seats; the guide slide sleeve is sleeved on the guide slide rod and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body; the guide slide rail is vertically arranged on the outer surface of the inner support frame body, and the guide slide block is arranged on the guide slide rail and is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the outer support frame body.

4. The apparatus for additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features according to claim 2, wherein: The additive thin cylinder auxiliary clamping assembly comprises a bearing turntable, a limiting support rod, a limiting support sleeve, a jackscrew base, a jackscrew and an arc-shaped clamping claw; the limiting support sleeve is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body and evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer support frame body, each limiting support sleeve is fixed with a limiting support rod, and the inner end of the limiting support rod extends to the inner side of the outer support frame body; the bearing turntable is horizontally arranged and the outer ring is fixedly connected with the inner end of the limiting support rod; the jackscrew base is horizontally fixed on the upper surface of the inner ring of the bearing turntable and evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing turntable, and the outer end of each jackscrew base is horizontally provided with a jackscrew; the arc-shaped clamping claw is arranged at the inner end of the jackscrew base and is threadedly connected with the jackscrew.

5. The apparatus for additive manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features according to claim 1, wherein: The additive thin cylinder heating assembly comprises an electromagnetic induction heating coil, a turnover displacement motor, a second coupling, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a first shaft sleeve, a second shaft sleeve, a driving gear, a driven gear and a telescopic displacement cylinder; the turnover displacement motor is horizontally fixed on the outer support frame body with the motor shaft facing inward; the driving shaft is horizontally arranged, one end of the driving shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the turnover displacement motor through the second coupling, and the other end of the driving shaft is rotatably connected with the outer support frame body through a bearing seat; the driven shaft is horizontally arranged and is parallel to the driving shaft, and both ends of the driven shaft are rotatably connected with the outer support frame body through bearing seats; the first shaft sleeve is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driving shaft, the driving gear is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first shaft sleeve and symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first shaft sleeve; the second shaft sleeve is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the driven shaft, the driven gear is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the second shaft sleeve and symmetrically arranged at both ends of the second shaft sleeve, and the driven gear is engaged with the driving gear; the telescopic displacement cylinder is symmetrically arranged at the outer sides of both ends of the second shaft sleeve, and the cylinder barrel bottom end of the telescopic displacement cylinder is fixedly connected with the driven shaft, and the electromagnetic induction heating coil is fixedly connected with the piston rod top end of the telescopic displacement cylinder.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the apparatus is configured to perform the additive manufacturing of the cylindrical body having the overhanging structural feature. The overhanging structure downward forming assembly comprises a turnover displacement oil cylinder, a pressing plate, a force transmission rod and a fulcrum seat; the fulcrum seat is vertically fixed on the top of the outer support frame body; the rear end of the pressing plate is hingedly connected with the fulcrum seat, and the front end of the pressing plate is a free end; one end of the force transmission rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the pressing plate; the cylinder barrel bottom end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder is hingedly connected with the outer support frame body, and the piston rod top end of the turnover displacement oil cylinder is hingedly connected with the other end of the force transmission rod.

7. A method of additive composite manufacturing of a cylinder with overhanging structural features using the device of claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: the coaxial fixing clamping of the additive substrate is completed by the three-jaw chuck; Step two: the electric rotary table is started to drive the three-jaw chuck and the additive substrate thereon to rotate at a set speed; Step three: the welding robot is started to manufacture the additive thin cylinder on the rotating additive substrate; Step four: when it is needed to manufacture the overhanging structure on the additive thin cylinder, the welding robot stops manufacturing the additive thin cylinder and is separated therefrom, the electric rotary table is closed, the lifting motor is started to drive the ball screw to rotate, and then the nut and the nut seat are moved upward to lift the outer support frame body to a set height; Step five: the jackscrew is screwed to drive the arc-shaped clamping claw to approach the additive thin cylinder until the clamping and fixing of the additive thin cylinder are completed in the circumferential direction of the additive thin cylinder. Step Six: Activate the telescopic displacement cylinder to extend the electromagnetic induction heating coil forward to the set position. Then, activate the flipping and displacement motor to drive the drive shaft to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the drive gear and the driven gear, the driven shaft rotates synchronously, thereby driving the electromagnetic induction heating coil to flip and move to directly above the additive thin cylinder. Then, activate the telescopic displacement cylinder again to lower the electromagnetic induction heating coil to the set height until the section of the additive thin cylinder to be heated enters the inner side of the electromagnetic induction heating coil. Step 7: Activate the electromagnetic induction heating coil to perform electromagnetic induction heating on the section of the additive thin cylinder to be heated until the heating temperature reaches the set value; Step 8: Activate the telescopic displacement cylinder to raise the electromagnetic induction heating coil to the set height, so that the electromagnetic induction heating coil is directly above the additive thin cylinder. Then activate the flipping displacement motor to flip the electromagnetic induction heating coil away from the additive thin cylinder. After that, retract the telescopic displacement cylinder again to return the electromagnetic induction heating coil to the initial position. Step 9: Start the electric rotary table to drive the additive manufacturing cylinder to rotate. The arc-shaped clamping claw, set screw, set screw seat and bearing turntable inner ring will rotate synchronously with the additive manufacturing cylinder. Then start the tilting and positioning cylinder to drive the pressure plate to tilt and position above the additive manufacturing cylinder. The heating section of the additive manufacturing cylinder will be pressed into a suspended structure by the pressure plate. Step 10: Activate the tilting and positioning cylinder to tilt the pressure plate back to its initial position; Step 11: If there is only one overhanging structure on the additive thin tube, the manufacturing of the additive thin tube with overhanging structure features is complete. If there are multiple overhanging structures on the additive thin tube in the height direction, repeat steps three through ten until all overhanging structures are manufactured on the additive thin tube.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: In step seven, the heating mode of the electromagnetic induction heating coil needs to meet the requirements of the thermal inertia matching coefficient formula, which is: ； wherein, Λ is the thermal inertia matching coefficient, δ is the thermal diffusion depth, k is the thermal conductivity of the additive thin cylinder, t is the induction heating time, ρ is the specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, h 2 is the wall thickness of the additive thin cylinder, Λ min is the minimum value of the thermal inertia matching coefficient, and Λ min Λ is in the range of 0.6-0.

65.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: In step seven, the heating power of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 22 needs to meet the following formula requirement: ； where P T is the heating power, C is the average specific heat capacity of the additive thin cylinder, T is the plastic deformation temperature of the additive thin cylinder, T 0 is the initial plastic deformation temperature of the additive thin cylinder, M is the mass of the section of the additive thin cylinder being inductively heated, t is the inductive heating time.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the method of additive manufacturing a composite cylinder with overhanging structural features comprises: In step seven, the formula for calculating the heating height when the electromagnetic induction heating coil heats the additive thin cylinder is as follows: When the overhanging structure is a closed compartment, ; When the overhanging structure is an inner rib, ; wherein h 1 is the heated height, h 2 is the additive thin cylinder wall thickness, R 1 is the additive thin cylinder outer diameter radius, R 2 is the additive thin cylinder inner diameter radius, r is the inner rib inner diameter.

Images