Vacuum chamber sector tailor-welding anti-deformation tool platform

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a vacuum chamber sector tailor-welding anti-deformation tool platform which comprises a bracket and a plurality of vacuum chamber sectors arranged on the top of the bracket, and further comprises segmented pressing plates arranged on the peripheries of the vacuum chamber sectors and used for extruding the vacuum chamber sectors to fix the vacuum chamber sectors. A coiled pipe used for heat conduction is arranged on the side, close to the vacuum chamber sector, of the segmented pressing plate, and a flexible pad made of a flexible material is arranged on one side of the segmented pressing plate and the coiled pipe in a staggered mode; and the fine tuning pieces are arranged at the two ends of each vacuum chamber sector and used for adjusting the positioning accuracy of each vacuum chamber sector, preheating assemblies used for heating the vacuum chamber sectors are arranged in the fine tuning pieces, and a fine tuning assembly used for driving the fine tuning pieces to move so as to apply upsetting force to the vacuum chamber sectors is arranged on one side of the segmented pressing plate. And the fine tuning sheets are matched with a hydraulic control system to perform millimeter-level and even submillimeter-level precise alignment adjustment on the end parts of the adjacent fan sections, so that the welding seam assembly quality is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to a tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments. Background Technology

[0002] The vacuum chamber in a nuclear fusion device serves as a plasma container, providing a stable operating environment for the nuclear fusion reaction. Its structure is complex and demands extremely high manufacturing precision. Taking a tokamak device as an example, its vacuum chamber typically employs a double-layered, thin-walled, fully welded annular structure with a D-shaped cross-section. This complex structure presents numerous challenges to vacuum chamber manufacturing. On one hand, components such as the shell and end face stiffeners are assembled by welding sheet metal after forming. Determining the location of the weld joints requires comprehensive consideration of sheet metal cutting and layout, as well as processing technology, to ensure maximum material utilization and manufacturing feasibility. On the other hand, the vacuum chamber demands extremely high dimensional accuracy, structural stability, and fatigue life; all welds must be fully penetrated. However, localized heat input during welding can lead to uneven heating. The expansion of the heated area and nearby metal is restricted by the metal in other unheated areas, resulting in welding deformation and severely affecting the dimensional accuracy of the vacuum chamber.

[0003] For example, patent document CN118218893B discloses a welding fixture for the main body sector of a high-temperature superconducting tokamak vacuum chamber, which relates to the field of welding equipment technology. By setting limiting unit one and limiting unit two, multiple clamping units can simulate the outer wall shape of the clamped sector body and "memorize" the simulated shape, thus limiting it and enabling rapid clamping and fixing of subsequent sector bodies of the same specifications during welding. Multiple clamping units ensure even distribution of clamping force, preventing excessive force concentration and deformation of the weldment. When fixing sector bodies of other specifications, limiting unit one and limiting unit two can release the previous shape "memory" and re-simulate the outer wall shape of the current sector body, making it a welding fixture suitable for the current sector body, greatly improving its applicability.

[0004] In existing technologies, although the use of limiting units one and two enables rapid positioning and clamping of the outer wall shape of workpieces of the same specifications, improving clamping efficiency and repeatability consistency, significant thermal and residual stresses are generated in large, thin-walled components such as vacuum chamber sector segments due to uneven heating in the weld area during actual welding applications. These stresses continuously diffuse and accumulate within the structure, easily causing elastic / plastic deformation of the workpiece, either overall or locally. This deformation driven by welding stress not only disrupts the original precise geometric orientation and assembly datum, leading to increased alignment deviations in subsequent weld beads, poor weld pool formation, and even welding defects such as misalignment and lack of fusion, but also seriously affects welding accuracy, joint strength, and the overall sealing and stability of the structure, thus restricting the reliable manufacturing of high-precision vacuum chamber components. Therefore, relying solely on rigid clamping methods with external shape limitations is insufficient to effectively suppress dynamic deformation during welding, necessitating the introduction of stress release or active anti-deformation control mechanisms to improve process reliability. To this end, this application proposes a tooling platform for preventing deformation during vacuum chamber sector segment welding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling platform for welding vacuum chamber sector segments to prevent deformation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tooling platform for welding vacuum chamber sector segments to prevent deformation, comprising a bracket and multiple vacuum chamber sector segments placed on top thereof, and further comprising: The segmented pressure plate is placed around the multiple vacuum chamber segments to compress and fix them. A serpentine tube for heat conduction is provided on the side of the segmented pressure plate near the vacuum chamber segments. A flexible pad made of flexible material is provided on one side of the segmented pressure plate and the serpentine tube. A water tank is located inside a segmented pressure plate and is used to store liquid. The segmented pressure plate is provided with multiple pressure rods that can be squeezed and deformed to fit the vacuum chamber sector. A sealing plate for sealing the water tank is fixedly connected inside the segmented pressure plate, and a pressure assembly for alternately driving the pressure rods is provided on one side of the sealing plate. A fine-tuning plate is set at both ends of each vacuum chamber segment to adjust the positioning accuracy of each vacuum chamber segment. The fine-tuning plate is equipped with a preheating component for heating the vacuum chamber segment, and a fine-tuning component is set on one side of the segmented pressure plate to drive the fine-tuning plate to move and apply an upsetting force to the vacuum chamber segment.

[0007] Preferably, the segmented pressure plate has an internal mounting slot for placing the serpentine tube, the segmented pressure plate is provided with a return pipe communicating with the serpentine tube, and a cooler for cooling the fluid inside the serpentine tube is fixedly connected to the middle end of the return pipe, and a heater for heating the fluid inside the serpentine tube is fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure assembly includes multiple connecting cylinders fixedly connected to one side of the sealing plate, and the connecting cylinders are for the pressure rod to slide. The sealing plate has a through hole communicating with the inside of the connecting cylinder, and a piston plate adapted to it is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure rod located inside the connecting cylinder. Multiple copper pipes that abut against the serpentine tube are fixedly connected inside the water tank.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the connecting cylinder has an overpressure hole, and the overpressure hole is connected to a connecting pipe. The inside of the pressure rod has a row hole, and the opening of the row hole faces the flexible pad. The row hole is flexibly connected to one end of the connecting pipe. The inside of the segmented pressure plate has a cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the fine-tuning component includes a liquid tank fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate. The liquid tank stores fluid inside. One side of the liquid tank is connected to multiple infusion tubes, and one end of each infusion tube is fixedly connected to an empty cylinder. One end of the empty cylinder is slidably connected to a slide rod fixedly connected to the fine-tuning plate.

[0011] Preferably, each of the multiple infusion tubes is fixedly connected to a solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the preheating component includes an electric heater fixedly connected inside the slide bar, and the output end of the electric heater is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting plate, which is attached to one side of the vacuum chamber fan segment.

[0013] Preferably, a liquid pump is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid tank, one end of the liquid pump is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe communicating with the serpentine tube, and the other end of the liquid pump is connected to the liquid tank.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning frame for sliding connection of a liquid supply tank is fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate, and a pushing cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning frame, with the output end of the pushing cylinder fixedly connected to the liquid tank.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the bracket is provided with a slot for placing the vacuum chamber sector, the top of the bracket is fixedly connected to an inner frame, the top of the inner frame is provided with a guide groove, and a detector for detecting the vacuum chamber sector is slidably connected inside the guide groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The vacuum chamber segments are initially positioned using the slots on the bracket, and then circumferentially clamped by the segmented pressure plates under the action of the drive cylinder to ensure that the workpiece does not shift or overturn during welding. At the same time, the fine-tuning plate, in conjunction with the hydraulic control system, can perform millimeter-level or even sub-millimeter-level precision alignment adjustment on the ends of adjacent segments, significantly improving the weld assembly quality and reducing geometric deviations such as misalignment and angular deformation. During the upsetting process, the fine-tuning plate applies controllable pressure, causing the micro-protrusions on the contact surface to undergo plastic deformation, breaking the oxide film and squeezing out impurities, promoting close contact of clean metal atoms. Under preheating conditions, this facilitates solid-phase diffusion bonding, improves the pre-weld interface quality, enhances the metallurgical bonding strength of the fusion zone, and reduces defects such as incomplete fusion and porosity. The preheating component locally heats both sides of the weld through electric heaters and heat-conducting plates, reducing the temperature difference between the base material and the molten pool, alleviating thermal stress accumulation, and facilitating the escape of hydrogen, thus preventing cold cracking. Furthermore, the heat is transferred to the water tank through copper pipes, converting the liquid working fluid into steam, realizing the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy, providing power for subsequent hammering actions, fully recovering and utilizing thermal energy, and saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0017] 2. The serpentine tubes inside the segmented pressure plates enable active temperature control via circulating fluid: during the welding stage, the cooler is activated to absorb and dissipate excess heat from the welding area, reducing the high-temperature zone and minimizing the temperature gradient; after welding, it switches to heating mode, using heaters for slow cooling and heat preservation, forming a gentle temperature gradient, significantly reducing peak thermal stress, preventing rapid cooling cracking and overall structural instability. Water vapor pressure drives piston plates to move pressure rods in an alternating motion, simulating the effect of manual point-by-point hammering. The impact force is transferred to the weld surface via flexible pads, inducing dislocation slip and micro-creep within the material, promoting the relaxation of residual tensile stress. This distributed, periodic, low-amplitude, high-frequency mechanical excitation method avoids secondary damage caused by concentrated loading, more uniformly and effectively eliminating welding residual stress, and inhibiting stress corrosion and fatigue cracking during long-term service. The flexible pads are made of high-temperature resistant elastic materials, combining buffer protection, thermal conductivity, and softening properties. When high-temperature gas is ejected through the exhaust holes, it can locally heat the flexible pad, reducing its hardness and increasing its flexibility, thereby optimizing the energy transfer efficiency of the hammering and preventing damage to the workpiece surface caused by rigid impact, thus ensuring structural integrity. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the vacuum chamber sector and bracket in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the bracket in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the segmented pressure plate in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the segmented pressure plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the segmented pressure plate in this invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water tank in this invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of C; Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the segmented pressure plate in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, bracket; 101, inner frame; 102, guide groove; 103, detector; 104, vacuum chamber sector; 105, frame groove; 200, segmented pressure plate; 201, drive cylinder; 202, serpentine tube; 203, flexible pad; 204, mounting slot; 205, cooler; 206, return pipe; 207, heater; 300, water tank; 301, copper pipe; 302, sealing plate; 303, through hole. 304. Connecting cylinder; 305. Piston plate; 306. Cavity; 307. Pressure rod; 308. Drain hole; 309. Overpressure hole; 310. Connecting pipe; 400. Fine adjustment plate; 401. Empty cylinder; 402. Infusion pipe; 403. Solenoid valve; 404. Liquid pump; 405. Connecting liquid pipe; 406. Liquid tank; 407. Positioning frame; 408. Push cylinder; 409. Electric heater; 410. Heat conducting plate; 411. Slide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11This invention provides a technical solution: a tooling platform for welding vacuum chamber sector segments to prevent deformation, including a bracket 100 and multiple vacuum chamber sector segments 104 placed on top of it. The top of the bracket 100 has a groove 105 for placing the vacuum chamber sector segments 104. The surface of the groove 105 can be lined with wear-resistant pads such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or copper alloy strips to reduce frictional damage during sector placement and allow for slight position adjustments. Simultaneously, a level sensor and a laser reference calibration hole are integrated at the bottom of the groove for rapid calibration of the entire platform's spatial reference plane. An inner frame 101 is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket 100. A guide groove 102 is provided on the top of the inner frame 101, and a detector 103 for detecting the vacuum chamber sector segments 104 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 102. The inner frame 101 is fixedly connected above the bracket 100. Having the same radius of curvature and geometry as the inner wall of the vacuum chamber sector 104, it forms a stable internal support frame. The frame slot 105 is provided for the placement of the vacuum chamber sector 104, thus providing initial positioning for the vacuum chamber sector 104. The inner frame 101 is the same shape as the vacuum chamber sector 104, allowing the detector 103 to slide within the guide groove 102. The detector 103 is driven by a servo motor or a manual push rod to achieve smooth movement along the entire length of the guide groove. The detector 103 integrates an ultrasonic flaw detection module or a laser ultrasonic detection unit, which can perform non-contact scanning of the weld area before and after welding to identify internal defects such as porosity, slag inclusions, lack of fusion, and cracks.

[0022] It also includes a fine-tuning plate 400, which is set at both ends of each vacuum chamber sector 104 to adjust the positioning accuracy of each vacuum chamber sector 104. The fine-tuning plate 400 is equipped with a preheating component for heating the vacuum chamber sector 104, and a fine-tuning component is set on one side of the segmented pressure plate 200 to drive the fine-tuning plate 400 to move and apply a forging force to the vacuum chamber sector 104. By setting the fine-tuning plate 400 on both sides of the welding point of the vacuum chamber sector 104, the two vacuum chamber sector 104 can be accurately positioned before welding, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent welding. The pressure generated by the fine-tuning component causes the micro protrusions on the contact surface to undergo plastic deformation, breaking and squeezing out the oxide film and impurities on the surface, so that the pure metal atoms are in close contact, realizing solid-phase diffusion connection, which greatly improves the density and strength of the weld. Since the temperature of the molten pool is extremely high during welding, while the temperature of the base material far from the weld is relatively low, the huge temperature difference is the main reason for the generation of thermal stress and deformation. With the help of the preheating components, the heating on both sides expands the high-temperature area, making the temperature distribution more gradual, significantly reducing thermal stress and deformation tendency, while also facilitating the escape of hydrogen and effectively preventing cold cracks.

[0023] Furthermore, the fine-tuning component includes a liquid tank 406 fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate 200. The liquid tank 406 stores fluid inside, and one side of the liquid tank 406 is connected to multiple infusion tubes 402. One end of each infusion tube 402 is fixedly connected to an empty cylinder 401, and one end of the empty cylinder 401 is slidably connected to a slide rod 411 fixedly connected to the fine-tuning plate 400. Solenoid valves 403 are fixedly connected inside each of the multiple infusion tubes 402. By setting the liquid tank 406 to store fluid and deliver it to the empty cylinder 401, the slide rod 411 is driven to move the fine-tuning plate 400 and apply pressure to the vacuum chamber segment 104. The solenoid valves 403 can control the operation of each heat-conducting plate 410 respectively, thereby achieving precise pressure regulation of the vacuum chamber segment 104.

[0024] Furthermore, the preheating assembly includes an electric heater 409 fixedly connected inside the slide bar 411. The output end of the electric heater 409 is fixedly connected to a heat-conducting plate 410, and the heat-conducting plate 410 is attached to one side of the vacuum chamber segment 104. A liquid pump 404 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid tank 406. One end of the liquid pump 404 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 405 that communicates with the serpentine tube 202, and the other end of the liquid pump 404 is connected to the liquid tank 406. The liquid pump 404 can drive the fluid in the liquid tank 406 to achieve pressure transmission. The electric heater 409 can heat the slide bar 411 so that it conducts heat into the vacuum chamber segment 104. The heat-conducting plate 410 and the fine-tuning plate 400 are located on the same plane and can simultaneously contact the surface of the vacuum chamber segment 104.

[0025] The segmented pressure plate 200 is fixedly connected to a positioning frame 407 that is slidably connected to a liquid supply tank 406 on one side. A pushing cylinder 408 is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning frame 407. The output end of the pushing cylinder 408 is fixedly connected to the liquid tank 406. By setting the cooperation between the pushing cylinder 408 and the positioning frame 407, the lateral position of the fine-tuning piece 400 can be adjusted, allowing the fine-tuning piece 400 to be offset to the welding point. This allows for secondary processing of the weld after welding, applying pressure to the weld and introducing compressive stress on the weld surface. When the structure is subjected to external alternating loads, this compressive stress must first be offset by external tensile stress before crack propagation begins. This significantly delays the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. Furthermore, this post-weld pressurization treatment introduces a certain amount of residual compressive stress on the weld surface. During equipment service, when subjected to alternating loads, the external tensile stress must first offset this compressive stress before crack propagation occurs, thus effectively delaying the initiation and propagation rate of fatigue cracks and extending the structural lifespan.

[0026] Specifically, the fine-tuning plates 400 are positioned on both sides of the welding point of the vacuum chamber sector 104. The liquid pump 404 can be operated to drive the liquid in the liquid tank 406 to flow into the interior of the empty cylinder 401. The solenoid valve 403 can control the opening and closing of the liquid delivery pipe 402, thereby realizing the individual control of multiple fine-tuning plates 400. This further adjusts the alignment accuracy of the welding point of the vacuum chamber sector 104. After alignment, the heater 409 can be turned on to heat the heat-conducting plate 410, thereby conducting heat to both sides of the welding point of the vacuum chamber sector 104. This allows preheating before welding the vacuum chamber sector 104, thereby reducing the temperature gradient and making the temperature distribution more gradual, significantly reducing thermal stress and deformation tendency. At the same time, heating makes it easier to upsetting the fine-tuning plates 400.

[0027] In summary, the vacuum chamber segment 104 is initially positioned by the bracket groove 105 on the bracket, and the segmented pressure plate 200 is circumferentially clamped by the drive cylinder 201, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift or overturn during the welding process. At the same time, the fine adjustment plate 400, in conjunction with the hydraulic control system, can perform millimeter-level or even sub-millimeter-level precision alignment adjustment on the ends of adjacent segments, significantly improving the weld assembly quality and reducing geometric deviations such as misalignment and angular deformation. The fine adjustment plate 400 applies controllable pressure during the upsetting process, causing the micro-protrusions on the contact surface to undergo plastic deformation, breaking the oxide film and squeezing out impurities, promoting close contact of clean metal atoms. Under preheating conditions, this is conducive to achieving solid-phase diffusion bonding, improving the interface quality before welding, enhancing the metallurgical bonding strength of the fusion zone, and reducing defects such as incomplete fusion and porosity. The preheating component locally heats both sides of the weld through the heater 409 and the heat-conducting plate 410, reducing the temperature difference between the base material and the molten pool, alleviating the accumulation of thermal stress, and facilitating the escape of hydrogen elements, thus preventing cold cracking. Furthermore, the heat is transferred to the water tank 300 through the copper pipe 301, converting the liquid working fluid into steam, realizing the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy, providing power for subsequent hammering actions, fully recovering and utilizing thermal energy, and saving energy and protecting the environment.

[0028] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11The present invention also provides a technical solution, which differs from the technical solution of Embodiment 1 as follows: a tooling platform for welding vacuum chamber sector segments to prevent deformation, further comprising a segmented pressure plate 200, which is placed on the periphery of multiple vacuum chamber sector segments 104 to compress and fix the vacuum chamber sector segments 104, and a serpentine tube 202 for heat conduction is provided on the side of the segmented pressure plate 200 near the vacuum chamber sector segment 104, which is made of a metal tube with excellent thermal conductivity bent into a continuous "S" shape or multi-loop spiral arrangement to maximize the heat exchange area. A flexible pad 203 with a flexible material structure is interspersed on one side of the segmented pressure plate 200 and the serpentine tube 202, which is made of a material with high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, and low compression set, preferably silicone rubber composite thermal conductive particles such as alumina and boron nitride. The segmented pressure plate 200 is an arc-shaped metal component, distributed circumferentially on the periphery of multiple vacuum chamber sector segments 104, the number matching the number of sector segments, and driven by an independent drive cylinder 201. The drive makes a reciprocating motion, so that its end is attached and pressed against the vacuum chamber sector 104. By setting the segmented pressure plate 200, the vacuum chamber sector 104 can be squeezed and initially fixed. The inside of the serpentine tube 202 is filled with fluid medium, which can exchange heat with the vacuum chamber sector 104 through the serpentine tube 202.

[0029] It also includes a water tank 300, which is located inside the segmented pressure plate 200 and is used to store liquid. The segmented pressure plate 200 has multiple pressure rods 307 that can deform and fit into the vacuum chamber sector 104. A sealing plate 302 for sealing the water tank 300 is fixedly connected inside the segmented pressure plate 200. A pressure component for alternately driving the pressure rods 307 is provided on one side of the sealing plate 302. By storing water in the water tank 300, multiple pressure rods 307 can be pushed evenly and alternately in cooperation with the pressure component, thereby hammering the flexible pads 203 and transmitting force to the surface of the vacuum chamber sector 104. This alternate hammering can help promote internal creep of the material, release and redistribute residual stress more evenly, avoid local overcorrection, and thus more effectively suppress overall deformation.

[0030] Furthermore, the segmented pressure plate 200 has an internal mounting slot 204 for placing the serpentine tube 202. The segmented pressure plate 200 is equipped with a return pipe 206 communicating with the serpentine tube 202, and a cooler 205 for cooling the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202 is fixedly connected to the middle end of the return pipe 206. A heater 207 for heating the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202 is fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate 200. By setting the cooler 205 and the heater 207, the temperature of the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202 can be adjusted. When the serpentine tube 202 is in operation, the heater 207 is operated, and when the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202 is cooled, the cooler 205 is operated. At the same time, when the vacuum chamber sector 104 is being welded, the cooler 205 is operated to cool the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202, thereby cooling the vacuum chamber sector 104, allowing it to absorb excess heat to control the thermal field and guide stress. Meanwhile, after the fluid inside the serpentine tube 202 absorbs the excess heat during the welding of the vacuum chamber sector 104, it will gradually heat up, which will form a gentler temperature gradient after welding, thereby slowing down cooling and preventing cracks.

[0031] Welding stage: Start the cooler 205 to make the low temperature fluid circulate in the serpentine tube 202, absorb the heat conducted from the welding heat source to the far end of the base material, form a "directional heat conduction path", effectively control the range of the heat-affected zone, reduce the thermal gradient, and suppress angular deformation and wave deformation.

[0032] Post-welding stage: Turn off cooler 205 and start heater 207 to heat serpentine tube 202 to a preset temperature, such as 150–200°C, to perform slow cooling and heat preservation treatment on the weld area. At this time, the high temperature is slowly conducted to the surface of the vacuum chamber sector through flexible pad 203, prolonging the cooling time and forming a gentle temperature gradient to avoid hardened structure and cold cracks caused by rapid cooling.

[0033] Furthermore, the pressure assembly includes multiple connecting cylinders 304 fixedly connected to one side of the sealing plate 302, and the connecting cylinders 304 are for sliding of the pressure rod 307. The sealing plate 302 has a through hole 303 communicating with the inside of the connecting cylinder 304, and the end of the pressure rod 307 located inside the connecting cylinder 304 is fixedly connected to a piston plate 305 adapted to it. The inside of the water tank 300 is fixedly connected to multiple copper pipes 301 that abut against the serpentine tube 202. By setting the copper pipes 301, the heat generated by the serpentine tube 202 can be absorbed, thereby heating the water in the water tank 300, causing it to vaporize and continuously expand, abutting against the piston plate 305 and moving, thereby driving the pressure rod 307 to move.

[0034] Furthermore, the top of the connecting cylinder 304 is provided with an overpressure hole 309, and the overpressure hole 309 is connected to the connecting pipe 310. The inside of the pressure rod 307 is provided with a discharge hole 308, and the opening of the discharge hole 308 faces the flexible pad 203. The discharge hole 308 is flexibly connected to one end of the connecting pipe 310. The inside of the segmented pressure plate 200 is provided with a cavity 306. By providing the overpressure hole 309, gas can be discharged to allow the pressure rod 307 to reset and realize the hammering action. At the same time, the discharged gas will be guided to the discharge hole 308 and discharged. After the high temperature gas is ejected through the discharge hole 308, it directly blows into the inside of the flexible pad 203, causing its temperature to rise, its hardness to decrease, and its flexibility to increase, making it easier to deform in the next hammering and improving energy transfer efficiency.

[0035] Specifically, in use, multiple vacuum chamber segments 104 are placed inside the frame groove 105 and located inside multiple segmented pressure plates 200. Then, the drive cylinder 201 is operated to move the segmented pressure plates 200 so that they are positioned against the inner wall of the vacuum chamber segments 104. Subsequently, the multiple vacuum chamber segments 104 are welded. After welding, the heater 207 heats the medium inside the serpentine tube 202, causing the serpentine tube 202 to transfer heat to the surface of the vacuum chamber segments 104 in contact with it. Simultaneously, the serpentine tube 202 transfers heat through the copper tube 301. The water in the water tank 300 is heated to generate steam. The steam gradually fills the space inside the water tank 300, causing it to alternately contact the piston plate 305. The piston plate 305 is continuously moved under force, driving the pressure rod 307 to contact the flexible pad 203 and compress the vacuum chamber segment 104. The continuous movement of the piston plate 305 will pass over the overpressure hole 309 and allow gas to be discharged. It is then transported through the connecting pipe 310 to the interior of the discharge hole 308. Finally, while heating the flexible pad 203, the gas remains in the cavity 306. The staggered movement of multiple pressure rods 307 simulates dispersed hammering and eliminates the residual stress in the vacuum chamber segment 104.

[0036] In summary, the serpentine tube 202 inside the segmented pressure plate 200 achieves active temperature control through circulating fluid: during the welding stage, the cooler 205 is activated to absorb and dissipate excess heat from the welding area, reducing the high-temperature zone and decreasing the temperature gradient; after welding, it switches to heating mode, using the heater 207 for slow cooling and heat preservation, forming a gentle temperature gradient, significantly reducing thermal stress peaks, preventing rapid cooling cracking and overall structural instability. Water vapor pressure drives the piston plate 305 to move the pressure rod 307 in an alternating motion, simulating the effect of manual point-by-point hammering. The impact force is transmitted to the weld surface through the flexible pad 203, inducing dislocation slip and micro-creep within the material, promoting the relaxation of residual tensile stress. This distributed, periodic, low-amplitude, high-frequency mechanical excitation method avoids secondary damage caused by concentrated loading, more uniformly and effectively eliminating welding residual stress, and inhibiting stress corrosion and fatigue cracking during long-term service. The flexible pad 203 is made of high-temperature resistant elastic material, combining buffer protection, thermal conductivity, and softening properties. When high-temperature gas is ejected through the exhaust hole 308, it can locally heat the flexible pad, reducing its hardness and increasing its flexibility, thereby optimizing the energy transfer efficiency of the hammering and preventing damage to the workpiece surface caused by rigid impact, thus ensuring structural integrity.

[0037] Working principle: In use, multiple vacuum chamber segments 104 are placed inside the frame slot 105 and located inside multiple segmented pressure plates 200. Then, the drive cylinder 201 is operated to drive the segmented pressure plates 200 to move so that they fit against the inner wall of the vacuum chamber segment 104 to achieve positioning. The fine-tuning plates 400 are positioned on both sides of the welding joint of the vacuum chamber sector 104. The liquid pump 404 can be operated to drive the liquid in the liquid tank 406 to flow into the interior of the empty cylinder 401. The solenoid valve 403 can control the opening and closing of the liquid delivery pipe 402, thereby realizing the individual control of multiple fine-tuning plates 400. This further adjusts the alignment accuracy of the welding joint of the vacuum chamber sector 104. After alignment, the heater 409 can be turned on to heat the heat-conducting plate 410, thereby conducting heat to both sides of the welding joint of the vacuum chamber sector 104. This allows preheating before welding the vacuum chamber sector 104, thereby reducing the temperature gradient and making the temperature distribution more gradual, significantly reducing thermal stress and deformation tendency. At the same time, heating makes it easier to upsetting the fine-tuning plates 400. Subsequently, multiple vacuum chamber segments 104 are welded. After welding, the medium inside the serpentine tube 202 is heated by the heater 207, so that the serpentine tube 202 is heated and transfers heat to the surface of the vacuum chamber segment 104 in contact with it. At the same time, the serpentine tube 202 heats the water in the water tank 300 through the copper pipe 301, thereby generating steam. The steam gradually fills the space inside the water tank 300 and alternately contacts the piston plate 305, so that the piston plate 305 is continuously moved under force and drives the pressure rod 307 to contact the flexible pad 203, thus squeezing the vacuum chamber segment 104. The continuous movement of the piston plate 305 will pass through the overpressure hole 309 and allow the gas to be discharged through the connecting pipe 310 to the inside of the discharge hole 308. Finally, while heating the flexible pad 203, it is retained in the cavity 306. The residual stress in the vacuum chamber segment 104 is eliminated by simulating the dispersed hammering through the alternating movement of multiple pressure rods 307.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tooling platform for welding vacuum chamber segments to prevent deformation, comprising a bracket (100) and multiple vacuum chamber segments (104) placed on top thereon, characterized in that, Also includes: A segmented pressure plate (200) is placed around the multi-segment vacuum chamber sector (104) to compress and fix the vacuum chamber sector (104). A serpentine tube (202) for heat conduction is provided on the side of the segmented pressure plate (200) near the vacuum chamber sector (104). A flexible pad (203) of flexible material is provided on one side of the segmented pressure plate (200) and the serpentine tube (202). A water tank (300) is located inside a segmented pressure plate (200) and is used to store liquid. The segmented pressure plate (200) is provided with a plurality of pressure rods (307) that can be deformed and fitted to the vacuum chamber sector (104) by a squeezeable flexible pad (203). A sealing plate (302) for sealing the water tank (300) is fixedly connected inside the segmented pressure plate (200). A pressure assembly for alternately driving the pressure rods (307) to move is provided on one side of the sealing plate (302). A fine-tuning plate (400) is disposed at both ends of each vacuum chamber segment (104) to adjust the positioning accuracy of each vacuum chamber segment (104). The fine-tuning plate (400) is provided with a preheating component for heating the vacuum chamber segment (104), and a fine-tuning component is provided on one side of the segmented pressure plate (200) to drive the fine-tuning plate (400) to move and apply an upsetting force to the vacuum chamber segment (104).

2. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segmented pressure plate (200) has an installation slot (204) for placing the serpentine tube (202) inside. The segmented pressure plate (200) is provided with a return pipe (206) that communicates with the serpentine tube (202). A cooler (205) for cooling the fluid in the serpentine tube (202) is fixedly connected to the middle end of the return pipe (206). A heater (207) for heating the fluid in the serpentine tube (202) is fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate (200).

3. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure assembly includes multiple connecting cylinders (304) fixedly connected to one side of the sealing plate (302), and the connecting cylinders (304) are for sliding of the pressure rod (307). The sealing plate (302) has a through hole (303) communicating with the inside of the connecting cylinder (304), and the end of the pressure rod (307) located inside the connecting cylinder (304) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (305) that is adapted to it. The water tank (300) has multiple copper pipes (301) fixedly connected inside to abut against the serpentine tube (202).

4. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the connecting cylinder (304) is provided with an overpressure hole (309), and the overpressure hole (309) is connected to the connecting pipe (310). The inside of the pressure rod (307) is provided with a drain hole (308), and the opening of the drain hole (308) faces the flexible pad (203). The drain hole (308) is flexibly connected to one end of the connecting pipe (310). The inside of the segmented pressure plate (200) is provided with a cavity (306).

5. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine-tuning component includes a liquid tank (406) fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate (200). The liquid tank (406) stores fluid inside. One side of the liquid tank (406) is connected to multiple infusion tubes (402). One end of the infusion tube (402) is fixedly connected to an empty cylinder (401), and one end of the empty cylinder (401) is slidably connected to a slide rod (411) fixedly connected to the fine-tuning plate (400).

6. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the infusion tubes (402) is fixedly connected to a solenoid valve (403).

7. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preheating assembly includes an electric heater (409) fixedly connected inside the slide bar (411), and a heat-conducting plate (410) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric heater (409), and the heat-conducting plate (410) is attached to one side of the vacuum chamber sector (104).

8. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid pump (404) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid tank (406). One end of the liquid pump (404) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (405) that communicates with the serpentine pipe (202). The other end of the liquid pump (404) is connected to the liquid tank (406).

9. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning frame (407) that is slidably connected to a liquid supply tank (406) is fixedly connected to one side of the segmented pressure plate (200). A push cylinder (408) is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning frame (407). The output end of the push cylinder (408) is fixedly connected to the liquid tank (406).

10. The tooling platform for preventing deformation during welding of vacuum chamber sector segments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the bracket (100) is provided with a rack slot (105) for placing the vacuum chamber sector (104). The top of the bracket (100) is fixedly connected to an inner frame (101). The top of the inner frame (101) is provided with a guide groove (102), and a detector (103) for detecting the vacuum chamber sector (104) is slidably connected inside the guide groove (102).

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