A metal special-shaped workpiece clamp suitable for lathe machining

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a metal special-shaped workpiece clamp suitable for lathe machining, which comprises a guide rail fixed on a bottom plate, a machining table for placing an elliptical pipe is fixed on the guide rail, adjusting blocks are arranged on the two sides of the machining table and are slidably clamped on the guide rail, the adjusting blocks can synchronously move towards each other or away from each other through a driving mechanism arranged on the guide rail; the driving mechanism comprises a bidirectional screw rod rotatably arranged on the guide rail and first and second limiting rods fixed above the guide rail, the adjusting blocks are threadedly connected with the bidirectional screw rod, the first and second limiting rods pass through the adjusting blocks and are arranged, a movable frame is movably clamped on the adjusting blocks through a clamping assembly, the application realizes multi-point contact and stress dispersion of the arc-shaped clamping plate when the arc-shaped clamping plate clamps the elliptical pipe, solves the problem that local stress concentration caused by few stress clamping points leads to pipe deformation or loosening, meanwhile, the arc-shaped clamping plate can rotate and can be used for clamping and using elliptical pipes with different profiles, and the adaptability is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fixture technology, specifically a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal machining, lathes, as a fundamental and efficient rotary machining equipment, are widely used in turning, boring, and tapping processes on rotating workpieces such as shafts and discs. Traditional lathe fixtures (such as three-jaw chucks, four-jaw chucks, and spring collets) are mainly designed for workpieces with regular structures and symmetrical shapes, achieving stable clamping through evenly distributed clamping forces. However, as the manufacturing industry develops towards greater complexity and lighter weight, the demand for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces (such as asymmetrical structures, thin-walled easily deformable parts, multi-curvature curved surfaces, and locally weakly rigid parts) is increasing.

[0003] Elliptical tubes, for example, are widely used in stroller frames, medical devices, furniture, and industrial equipment due to their streamlined structure and superior mechanical properties. However, their asymmetrical geometry (the difference in curvature between the large and small arc ends) leads to the following core problems with traditional clamps: conventional flat-jaw chucks or cylindrical rollers can only contact a single point at the outermost end of the elliptical tube, resulting in concentrated clamping force that can easily cause deformation or surface damage to the tube.

[0004] In addition, during high-speed machining (such as laser cutting), as disclosed in patent CN204075816U, an online clamping device for tubes uses four interconnected clamping heads to simultaneously clamp the tube. However, due to the limited number of clamping points, local stress concentration can occur, leading to deformation or loosening of the tube. The tube is prone to swinging or deflection, affecting machining accuracy and surface quality. At the same time, fixed jaws or special fixtures cannot flexibly adapt to elliptical tubes with different contours, requiring frequent replacement of customized fixtures or manual padding adjustments. This results in long changeover times, high costs, and difficulty in meeting the needs of multi-variety, small-batch production. Therefore, we provide a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, which are that conventional flat jaws or cylindrical rollers can only contact a single point at the outermost end of the elliptical tube, resulting in concentrated clamping force that can easily cause tube deformation or surface damage. In addition, during high-speed machining, the limited number of clamping points can lead to local stress concentration, causing the tube to deform or loosen, and the tube is prone to swinging or deflection, affecting machining accuracy and surface quality. At the same time, fixed jaws or special fixtures cannot flexibly adapt to elliptical tubes with different contours, requiring frequent replacement of customized fixtures or manual padding adjustments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe processing includes a guide rail fixed on a base plate, a processing table for placing elliptical tubes fixed on the guide rail, and adjustment blocks that are slidably engaged with the guide rail on both sides of the processing table. The adjustment blocks can be driven by a driving mechanism on the guide rail to move synchronously towards or away from each other.

[0008] The driving mechanism includes a bidirectional lead screw rotatably mounted on a guide rail and a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod fixed above the guide rail. The adjusting block is threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw. The first limiting rod and the second limiting rod pass through the adjusting block. A movable frame is movably engaged on the adjusting block via a snap-fit ​​assembly. An elastic clearance assembly is provided between the movable frame and the adjusting block. The movable frame can move on the adjusting block when it is compressed. A rectangular frame is fixed on the movable frame. An arc-shaped clamping plate for clamping and fixing the elliptical tube is hinged on the rectangular frame.

[0009] The arc-shaped clamping plate and the movable frame are connected by a linkage structure. When the movable frame moves horizontally on the adjusting block, it can drive the arc-shaped clamping plate to rotate.

[0010] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining: the bottom of the adjusting block is fixed with a slider whose inner surface size matches the outer surface size of the guide rail, and the slider is movably engaged on the guide rail.

[0011] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining includes a motor fixed on the guide rail, and the output end of the motor is connected to a double-acting lead screw via a coupling to drive the double-acting lead screw to rotate.

[0012] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining includes: an internal thread groove on the adjusting block that mates with a bidirectional lead screw thread; a first limiting hole and a second limiting hole on the adjusting block; the first limiting rod being inserted through the first limiting hole; and the second limiting rod being inserted through the second limiting hole.

[0013] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining includes: the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a groove formed on the adjusting block; a movable block is fixed at the bottom of the movable frame and is movably snapped into the groove; the movable block has a through hole whose inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the first limiting rod; the movable block is sleeved on the first limiting rod through the through hole.

[0014] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining includes an elastic relief component comprising a spring sleeved on a first limiting rod and a collar rotatably mounted on a movable block, wherein the two ends of the spring abut against the end faces of the adjusting block and the collar, respectively.

[0015] A metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining, as described above, includes a linkage structure comprising a lead screw rotatably mounted on a rectangular frame, a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the lead screw, a hinge rod between the threaded sleeve and an arc-shaped clamping plate, the two ends of the hinge rod being hinged to the threaded sleeve and the arc-shaped clamping plate respectively, a limiting component for the movement of the threaded sleeve being provided between the threaded sleeve and the rectangular frame, a collar cooperating with a first limiting rod through a transmission mechanism, the collar rotating when sliding on the first limiting rod, and a gear mechanism cooperating with the lead screw for transmission, the collar rotating synchronously driving the lead screw to rotate simultaneously.

[0016] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining includes two limiting frames fixed on a threaded sleeve, which are movably fitted onto a rectangular frame.

[0017] As described above, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe processing includes a transmission mechanism comprising a fixed sleeve sleeved on a first limiting rod. One end of the fixed sleeve is fixed to an adjusting block, and the other end passes through a collar and a movable block. A spiral groove is provided on the fixed sleeve, and a ball is embedded and engaged in the inner wall of the collar. The ball is movably engaged in the spiral groove and can roll along the track of the spiral groove.

[0018] A metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining as described above: the gear mechanism includes a second gear fixed on a collar and a first gear fixed on a lead screw, the first gear meshing with the second gear.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In use, a processing table is fixed on the guide rail, and the elliptical tube is placed on the processing table. Adjusting blocks that are slidably engaged with the guide rail are respectively provided on both sides of the processing table. The adjusting blocks can move synchronously towards or away from each other through a driving mechanism provided on the guide rail. The driving mechanism includes a bidirectional lead screw rotatably mounted on the guide rail and a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod fixed above the guide rail. Rotating the bidirectional lead screw, the adjusting blocks can be driven to move synchronously by the threaded connection between the adjusting blocks and the bidirectional lead screw. A movable frame is movably engaged with the adjusting blocks through a snap-fit ​​assembly. A rectangular frame is fixed on the movable frame, and an arc-shaped clamp for clamping and fixing the elliptical tube is hinged on the rectangular frame. The plate, and thus the adjusting block moves synchronously, can drive the two arc-shaped clamping plates to move synchronously to both sides of the elliptical tube to clamp and fix the elliptical tube. Because there is an elastic relief component between the movable frame and the adjusting block, the elastic relief component includes a collar and a spring. The movable frame can move on the adjusting block, so when the arc-shaped clamping plates are pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube and are squeezed, the movable frame can overcome the spring force and move to drive the arc-shaped clamping plates to move. Therefore, this flexible clamping structure can automatically adjust the clamping force according to the shape and size of the elliptical tube, and has strong adaptability. In addition, due to the elastic characteristics of the spring, the spring clamping can maintain a stable clamping force within a certain range, ensuring the stability of the elliptical tube processing process.

[0020] Furthermore, the arc-shaped clamping plate and the movable frame of this invention are connected by a linkage structure. When the arc-shaped clamping plate is pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube and subjected to compression, it can cause the movable frame to overcome the spring force and move, thus moving the movable frame on the adjusting block. When the movable frame moves horizontally on the adjusting block, it can drive the arc-shaped clamping plate to rotate. Thus, after the arc-shaped clamping plate is pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube, the continued movement of the adjusting block can drive the arc-shaped clamping plate to rotate, making the arc-shaped clamping plate tightly fit against the outer contour of the elliptical tube. This achieves multi-point contact and stress dispersion when the arc-shaped clamping plate clamps the elliptical tube, solving the problem of local stress concentration caused by insufficient stress clamping points, which leads to deformation or loosening of the tube. At the same time, the arc-shaped clamping plate can rotate to adapt to the clamping of elliptical tubes with different contours, making it widely adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a second-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining.

[0024] Figure 4This is a partial structural diagram of a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Figure 4 A partial structural diagram.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjusting block for a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Figure 6 A partial structural diagram.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Figure 8 A partially enlarged structural diagram.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a fixture for machining irregularly shaped metal workpieces on a lathe. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Guide rail; 3. Elliptical tube fitting; 4. Machining table; 5. Adjusting block; 6. Slider; 7. Two-way lead screw; 8. Motor; 9. First limit rod; 10. Movable frame; 11. Groove; 12. Movable block; 13. Collar; 14. Spring; 15. Rectangular frame; 16. Arc-shaped clamp; 17. Lead screw; 18. Threaded sleeve; 19. Hinge rod; 20. First gear; 21. Second gear; 22. Limiting frame; 23. Anti-slip protrusion; 24. Spiral groove; 25. Ball bearing; 26. Second limit rod; 27. Internal thread groove; 28. First limit hole; 29. ​​Second limit hole; 30. Fixed sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-10As an embodiment of the present invention, a metal irregular workpiece fixture suitable for lathe processing includes a guide rail 2 fixed on a base plate 1, a processing table 4 for placing an elliptical tube 3 fixed on the guide rail 2, and adjustment blocks 5 slidably engaged on the guide rail 2 on both sides of the processing table 4. The adjustment blocks 5 can be driven by a driving mechanism provided on the guide rail 2 to move synchronously towards or away from each other.

[0034] The driving mechanism includes a bidirectional lead screw 7 rotatably mounted on the guide rail 2 and a first limiting rod 9 and a second limiting rod 26 fixed above the guide rail 2. The adjusting block 5 is threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw 7. The first limiting rod 9 and the second limiting rod 26 pass through the adjusting block 5. A movable frame 10 is movably latched on the adjusting block 5 through a snap-fit ​​assembly. An elastic clearance assembly is provided between the movable frame 10 and the adjusting block 5. When the movable frame 10 is squeezed, it can move on the adjusting block 5. A rectangular frame 15 is fixed on the movable frame 10. An arc-shaped clamping plate 16 for clamping and fixing the elliptical tube 3 is hinged on the rectangular frame 15.

[0035] The arc-shaped clamp 16 and the movable frame 10 are connected by a linkage structure. When the movable frame 10 moves horizontally on the adjusting block 5, it can drive the arc-shaped clamp 16 to rotate.

[0036] In this embodiment, a processing table 4 is fixed on the guide rail 2. During use, the elliptical tube 3 is placed on the processing table 4. Adjusting blocks 5, which are slidably engaged with the guide rail 2, are respectively provided on both sides of the processing table 4. A bidirectional lead screw 7 is driven to rotate via a drive mechanism. The threaded connection between the adjusting blocks 5 and the bidirectional lead screw 7 allows the two adjusting blocks 5 to move synchronously. A movable frame 10 is movably engaged with the adjusting blocks 5 via a snap-fit ​​assembly. A rectangular frame 15 is fixed on the movable frame 10, and a clamping device for securing the elliptical tube 3 is hinged to the rectangular frame 15. The arc-shaped clamping plates 16, along with the adjusting block 5, move synchronously, causing the two arc-shaped clamping plates 16 to move synchronously to both sides of the elliptical tube 3 to clamp and fix the elliptical tube 3. Because an elastic clearance component, including a collar 13 and a spring 14, is provided between the movable frame 10 and the adjusting block 5, the movable frame 10 can move on the adjusting block 5. Thus, when the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 are pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3 and subjected to pressure, the movable frame 10 can overcome the elastic force of the spring 14 and move, causing the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 to shift. This flexible clamping structure allows for automatic adjustment of the clamping force according to the shape and size of the elliptical tube 3, providing strong adaptability. Furthermore, due to the elastic characteristics of the spring 14, the spring-type clamping can maintain a stable clamping force within a certain range, ensuring the stability of the elliptical tube 3 processing process. Additionally, the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 and the movable frame 10 are linked together; when the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 are pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3 and subjected to pressure, the movable frame 10 can overcome the elastic force of the spring 14 and move, causing the movable frame 10 to move on the adjusting block 5. When the movable frame 10 moves horizontally on the adjusting block 5, it can drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to rotate. After the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 is pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3, the adjustment block 5 continues to move and drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to rotate, so that the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 can fit tightly against the outer contour of the elliptical tube 3. This achieves multi-point contact and stress dispersion when the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 clamps the elliptical tube 3. In addition, anti-slip protrusions 23 can be optionally installed on the surface of the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to increase the anti-slip performance of the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 when clamping the elliptical tube 3.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a slider 6 with an inner surface size that matches the outer surface size of the guide rail 2 is fixed at the bottom of the adjusting block 5, and the slider 6 is movably engaged on the guide rail 2.

[0038] In this embodiment, the slider 6 is movably engaged with the guide rail 2, so that the adjusting block 5 can slide on the guide rail 2 without shifting its position or falling off.

[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a motor 8 is fixed on the guide rail 2, and the output end of the motor 8 is connected to the bidirectional lead screw 7 through a coupling to drive the bidirectional lead screw 7 to rotate.

[0040] In this embodiment, the motor 8 is electrically connected to an external power source via a wire. Starting the motor 8 can drive the bidirectional lead screw 7 to rotate forward or in reverse. When the bidirectional lead screw 7 rotates, the adjusting block 5 can be moved horizontally by means of the threaded connection between the adjusting block 5 and the bidirectional lead screw 7.

[0041] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting block 5 is provided with an internal thread groove 27 that is threaded to the bidirectional lead screw 7, and the adjusting block 5 is provided with a first limiting hole 28 and a second limiting hole 29. The first limiting rod 9 is inserted through the first limiting hole 28, and the second limiting rod 26 is inserted through the second limiting hole 29.

[0042] In this embodiment, the adjusting block 5 is provided with an internal thread groove 27 that is threaded to engage with the bidirectional lead screw 7, so that the bidirectional lead screw 7 can drive the adjusting block 5 to move horizontally when it rotates. The inner diameter of the first limiting hole 28 is adapted to the outer diameter of the first limiting rod 9, and the inner diameter of the second limiting hole 29 is adapted to the outer diameter of the second limiting rod 26. The first limiting rod 9 is inserted through the first limiting hole 28, and the second limiting rod 26 is inserted through the second limiting hole 29. It can be used to limit the adjusting block 5 when it moves horizontally, so that it does not shift its position when it moves.

[0043] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes a groove 11 formed on the adjusting block 5, and a movable block 12 fixed at the bottom of the movable frame 10 and snap-fitted inside the groove 11. The movable block 12 has a through hole with an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the first limiting rod 9, and the movable block 12 is sleeved on the first limiting rod 9 through the through hole.

[0044] In this embodiment, the movable block 12 is sleeved on the first limiting rod 9 through the through hole, so the movable block 12 can move horizontally on the first limiting rod 9. The movable block 12 is also movably engaged inside the groove 11, which can be used to limit the horizontal movement of the movable block 12, ensuring that the movable frame 10 on the movable block 12 does not shift position when it moves horizontally.

[0045] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the elastic clearance component includes a spring 14 sleeved on the first limiting rod 9 and a collar 13 rotatably mounted on the movable block 12, with the two ends of the spring 14 respectively abutting against the end faces of the adjusting block 5 and the collar 13.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the movable frame 10 moves horizontally on the first limiting rod 9 and moves relative to the adjusting block 5 on the adjusting block 5, the collar 13 moves synchronously with the movable frame 10. Therefore, the collar 13 will squeeze the spring 14 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 14, so that the movable frame 10 on the movable block 12 can move relative to the adjusting block 5 on the adjusting block 5.

[0047] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage structure includes a lead screw 17 rotatably mounted on a rectangular frame 15, a threaded sleeve 18 threadedly connected to the lead screw 17, a hinge rod 19 provided between the threaded sleeve 18 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 16, the two ends of the hinge rod 19 being hinged to the threaded sleeve 18 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 respectively, a limiting component for the movement of the threaded sleeve 18 being provided between the threaded sleeve 18 and the rectangular frame 15, a collar 13 cooperating with a first limiting rod 9 through a transmission mechanism, the collar 13 rotating when sliding on the first limiting rod 9, and the lead screw 17 cooperating with the collar 13 through a gear mechanism for transmission, the collar 13 rotating simultaneously driving the lead screw 17 to rotate synchronously.

[0048] In this embodiment, the collar 13 and the first limiting rod 9 are connected by a transmission mechanism. When the collar 13 slides on the first limiting rod 9, it will drive the collar 13 to rotate. The lead screw 17 and the collar 13 are connected by a gear mechanism. When the collar 13 rotates, it will drive the lead screw 17 to rotate synchronously. When the lead screw 17 rotates, the threaded sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 17, which can drive the threaded sleeve 18 to move horizontally. When the threaded sleeve 18 moves, the two ends of the hinge rod 19 are hinged to the threaded sleeve 18 and the arc-shaped clamp 16 respectively, which can drive the arc-shaped clamp 16 to open or close, so that when the arc-shaped clamp 16 clamps the elliptical tube 3, it can fit against the outer contour of the elliptical tube 3 to achieve multi-point contact.

[0049] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limiting component includes two limiting frames 22 fixed on the threaded sleeve 18, and the limiting frames 22 are movably sleeved on the rectangular frame 15.

[0050] In this embodiment, the limiting frame 22 is movably fitted onto the rectangular frame 15. When the threaded sleeve 18 moves horizontally on the lead screw 17, it can limit the movement of the threaded sleeve 18 and prevent it from rotating during movement.

[0051] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed sleeve 30 sleeved on the first limiting rod 9. One end of the fixed sleeve 30 is fixed to the adjusting block 5, and the other end passes through the collar 13 and the movable block 12. A spiral groove 24 is provided on the fixed sleeve 30. A ball bearing 25 is embedded and engaged in the inner wall of the collar 13. The ball bearing 25 is movably engaged in the spiral groove 24 and can roll along the track where the spiral groove 24 is located.

[0052] In this embodiment, the spring 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed sleeve 30. When the arc-shaped clamp 16 abuts against the elliptical tube 3, the adjusting block 5 continues to move, which causes the arc-shaped clamp 16 to be pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3. When the pressing force is transmitted to the movable frame 10, the movable block 12 at the bottom of the movable frame 10 moves against the elastic force of the spring 14, causing the movable frame 10 to move on the adjusting block 5. When the movable frame 10 moves horizontally on the adjusting block 5, it causes the collar 13 to slide against the elastic force of the spring 14 on the fixed sleeve 30. When the collar 13 moves on the fixed sleeve 30, it is movably engaged with the spiral groove 24 by the ball 25 and can roll along the track where the spiral groove 24 is located, which can cause the collar 13 to rotate. When the collar 13 rotates, it will drive the lead screw 17 to rotate synchronously.

[0053] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the gear mechanism includes a second gear 21 fixed on the collar 13 and a first gear 20 fixed on the lead screw 17, wherein the first gear 20 meshes with the second gear 21.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the collar 13 rotates, it will drive the second gear 21 to rotate. The first gear 20 is driven to rotate by meshing with the second gear 21, thereby driving the lead screw 17 to rotate synchronously. When the lead screw 17 rotates, the threaded sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 17, which can drive the threaded sleeve 18 to move horizontally.

[0055] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, the elliptical tube 3 is placed on the processing table 4. Adjusting blocks 5, which are slidably engaged with guide rails 2, are respectively installed on both sides of the processing table 4. Starting the motor 8 drives the bidirectional lead screw 7 to rotate forward. When the bidirectional lead screw 7 rotates, the adjusting blocks 5, connected to the bidirectional lead screw 7 by threads, can drive the two adjusting blocks 5 to move synchronously towards each other. A movable frame 10 is movably engaged with the adjusting blocks 5 via a snap-fit ​​assembly. A rectangular frame 15 is fixed to the movable frame 10. An arc-shaped clamping plate 16 for clamping and fixing the elliptical tube 3 is hinged to the rectangular frame 15, thus allowing the adjusting blocks 5 to move synchronously towards each other. The two arc-shaped clamping plates 16 move synchronously towards each other to the sides of the elliptical tube 3 to clamp and fix it. Because an elastic clearance component is provided between the movable frame 10 and the adjusting block 5, including a collar 13 and a spring 14, the movable frame 10 can move on the adjusting block 5. Thus, when the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 are pressed against the sides of the elliptical tube 3 and subjected to pressure, the movable frame 10 can overcome the elastic force of the spring 14 and move, causing the arc-shaped clamping plates 16 to shift. Therefore, this flexible clamping structure can automatically adjust the clamping force according to the shape and size of the elliptical tube 3. In addition, due to the elastic characteristics of spring 14, the spring-type clamping can maintain a stable clamping force within a certain range, ensuring the stability of the elliptical tube 3 processing. Furthermore, the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 and the movable frame 10 are connected by a linkage structure. When the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 is pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3 and subjected to compression, it can cause the movable frame 10 to overcome the elastic force of spring 14 and move, thus displacing the movable frame 10 on the adjusting block 5. When the movable frame 10 moves horizontally on the adjusting block 5, it can drive the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to rotate, thereby allowing the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to rotate after it is pressed against both sides of the elliptical tube 3. As the adjusting block 5 continues to move, it drives the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to rotate, causing the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 to retract inward, so that the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 can tightly fit on the outer contour of the elliptical tube 3. This achieves multi-point contact and stress dispersion when the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 clamps the elliptical tube 3. After the elliptical tube 3 is processed, the starting motor 8 drives the bidirectional lead screw 7 to reverse, and the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 opens outward to release the clamping on the outer contour of the elliptical tube 3. At the same time, the adjusting block 5 moves to reset, and the arc-shaped clamping plate 16 releases the clamping fixation on the elliptical tube 3, so that the elliptical tube 3 can be quickly removed from the processing table 4.

[0056] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining, comprising a guide rail (2) fixed on a base plate (1), characterized in that, A processing table (4) for placing elliptical tubes (3) is fixed on the guide rail (2). Adjustment blocks (5) that are slidably engaged with the guide rail (2) are respectively provided on both sides of the processing table (4). The adjustment blocks (5) can move synchronously towards each other or away from each other by the drive mechanism provided on the guide rail (2). The driving mechanism includes a bidirectional lead screw (7) rotatably mounted on the guide rail (2) and a first limiting rod (9) and a second limiting rod (26) fixed above the guide rail (2). The adjusting block (5) is threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw (7). The first limiting rod (9) and the second limiting rod (26) pass through the adjusting block (5). A movable frame (10) is movably latched on the adjusting block (5) by a snap-fit ​​assembly. An elastic clearance assembly is provided between the movable frame (10) and the adjusting block (5). The movable frame (10) can move on the adjusting block (5) when it is squeezed. A rectangular frame (15) is fixed on the movable frame (10). An arc-shaped clamping plate (16) for clamping and fixing the elliptical tube (3) is hinged on the rectangular frame (15). The arc-shaped clamp (16) and the movable frame (10) are connected by a linkage structure. When the movable frame (10) moves horizontally on the adjusting block (5), it can drive the arc-shaped clamp (16) to rotate. The elastic clearance component includes a spring (14) sleeved on the first limiting rod (9) and a collar (13) rotatably mounted on the movable block (12). The two ends of the spring (14) abut against the end faces of the adjusting block (5) and the collar (13), respectively. The linkage structure includes a lead screw (17) rotatably mounted on a rectangular frame (15), a threaded sleeve (18) threadedly connected to the lead screw (17), a hinge rod (19) between the threaded sleeve (18) and the arc-shaped clamp (16), the two ends of the hinge rod (19) being hinged to the threaded sleeve (18) and the arc-shaped clamp (16) respectively, a limiting component for the movement of the threaded sleeve (18) between the threaded sleeve (18) and the rectangular frame (15), a collar (13) cooperating with the first limiting rod (9) through a transmission mechanism, the collar (13) rotating when sliding on the first limiting rod (9), the lead screw (17) and the collar (13) cooperating with a gear mechanism for transmission, the collar (13) rotating simultaneously driving the lead screw (17) to rotate synchronously.

2. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the adjusting block (5) is fixed with a slider (6) whose inner surface size matches the outer surface size of the guide rail (2), and the slider (6) is movably engaged on the guide rail (2).

3. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, A motor (8) is fixed on the guide rail (2). The output end of the motor (8) is connected to the bidirectional lead screw (7) through a coupling to drive the bidirectional lead screw (7) to rotate.

4. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting block (5) has an internal thread groove (27) that is threaded to the bidirectional lead screw (7). The adjusting block (5) has a first limiting hole (28) and a second limiting hole (29). The first limiting rod (9) is inserted through the first limiting hole (28), and the second limiting rod (26) is inserted through the second limiting hole (29).

5. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​assembly includes a groove (11) opened on the adjusting block (5), and a movable block (12) is fixed at the bottom of the movable frame (10) and snap-fitted inside the groove (11). The movable block (12) has a through hole with an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the first limiting rod (9). The movable block (12) is sleeved on the first limiting rod (9) through the through hole.

6. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component includes two limiting frames (22) fixed on the threaded sleeve (18), and the limiting frames (22) are movably fitted on the rectangular frame (15).

7. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a fixed sleeve (30) sleeved on the first limiting rod (9). One end of the fixed sleeve (30) is fixed to the adjusting block (5), and the other end is set through the collar (13) and the movable block (12). A spiral groove (24) is opened on the fixed sleeve (30). A ball (25) is embedded and engaged in the inner wall of the collar (13). The ball (25) is movably engaged in the spiral groove (24) and can roll along the track where the spiral groove (24) is located.

8. A metal irregular-shaped workpiece fixture suitable for lathe machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear mechanism includes a second gear (21) fixed on a collar (13) and a first gear (20) fixed on a lead screw (17), wherein the first gear (20) meshes with the second gear (21).

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