Laminated glass and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides laminated glass and a vehicle, the laminated glass comprises a first glass layer, a light emitting element, a second glass layer and a light extraction measure, the light emitting element is arranged between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; the light extraction measure is used for receiving light from the light-emitting element and scattering the light to form outgoing light; the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure are used for forming a light-emitting pattern; the light emitting pattern is formed based on a first parameter of the light emitting element and a second parameter of the light extraction measure. According to the laminated glass and the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the diversity of luminous patterns is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass manufacturing technology, and more specifically to a laminated glass and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Glass is an indispensable structural material in the automotive industry. With the continuous development of automotive glass technology, the application of laminated glass with light-emitting function is becoming more and more common.

[0003] In existing technologies, ambient lighting sunroof laminated glass typically employs a light-guiding structure and a scattering layer. The inner glass pane acts as a waveguide medium, with light strips, including light emitters, arranged on the sides or front of the inner glass pane. Part of the light emitted from these strips enters the inner glass pane through specific light coupling measures and propagates within the glass under the waveguide principle. The scattering layer, located within the inner glass pane or the interlayer bonding material, extracts and scatters the light propagating within the inner glass pane into the vehicle interior, creating an atmospheric effect. However, because the scattering layer needs to be pre-installed during the laminated glass manufacturing or lamination stage, the resulting luminous pattern is fixed. Therefore, developing a laminated glass design that enables dynamic changes in the luminous pattern is a crucial issue that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a laminated glass and a vehicle that can at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a laminated glass comprising a first glass layer, a light-emitting element, a second glass layer, and a light extraction mechanism, wherein:

[0006] The light-emitting element is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; the light extraction measure receives light originating from the light-emitting element and scatters it to form outward light;

[0007] The light-emitting element and the light extraction measure are used to form a light-emitting pattern; the light-emitting pattern is formed based on a first parameter of the light-emitting element and a second parameter of the light extraction measure.

[0008] Furthermore, the first parameter includes one or any combination of the following: the position of the light-emitting element, the number of light-emitting elements, the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element, the luminous color of the light-emitting element, and the distance between the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure.

[0009] Furthermore, the second parameter includes one of the following: the number of light extraction measures, the shape of the light extraction measures, the position of the light extraction measures, the arrangement of the light extraction measures, and the light extraction efficiency of the light extraction measures, or any combination thereof.

[0010] Furthermore, the incident light source for the light extraction measure comes from different light-emitting elements.

[0011] Furthermore, the different light-emitting elements shall satisfy at least one of the following three conditions:

[0012] At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light of different colors;

[0013] At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light with different intensities;

[0014] At least two of the different light-emitting elements are at different distances from the light extraction measure.

[0015] Furthermore, no light-emitting element is disposed in the positive projection area of ​​the light extraction measure facing the side of the light-emitting element.

[0016] Furthermore, the brightness of the light extraction measure is determined according to the formula... Calculated, L g L represents the brightness of the light extraction measure. i γ represents the luminous flux of the light source of the i-th light-emitting element. i d represents the extraction coefficient of the light extraction measure relative to the i-th light-emitting element. i n represents the distance between the light extraction measure and the projection distance of the i-th light-emitting element on the target glass layer surface. i L represents the attenuation index corresponding to the i-th light-emitting element, where i is a positive integer and i is less than or equal to M, and M represents the number of light-emitting elements not located within the orthographic projection area of ​​the light extraction measure on the side facing the light-emitting element. g n is greater than 0 and less than 100. i Greater than 1 and less than 3; wherein, the target glass layer is the first glass layer or the second glass layer in the light emission direction of the i-th light-emitting element.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element is greater than or equal to the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90°.

[0018] Furthermore, the luminous intensity corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element is greater than or equal to twice the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element in the 0-degree viewing angle direction.

[0019] Furthermore, there are multiple light extraction measures, with at least two light extraction measures displaying different colors.

[0020] Furthermore, the light-emitting element is disposed in the positive projection area of ​​the light-emitting element on the side facing the light-emitting element.

[0021] Furthermore, the surface of the glass layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element includes a blocking area and a light-transmitting area. The light-emitting element is disposed in the glass interlayer corresponding to the blocking area. The position of the light extraction measure corresponds to the light-transmitting area and is set as a preset pattern.

[0022] Furthermore, the light extraction measure is disposed on the outer surface of the first glass layer or the outer surface of the second glass layer;

[0023] The light extraction measure is disposed on the inner surface of the first glass layer or the inner surface of the second glass layer; or

[0024] The light extraction mechanism is located in either the first glass layer or the second glass layer.

[0025] Furthermore, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer being disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, the light-emitting element being disposed between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, and the light extraction measure being disposed in the adhesive layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element or between the adhesive layer and the glass layer.

[0026] Furthermore, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention also includes a flexible electrical connection element, which is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, and the light-emitting element is disposed on the flexible electrical connection element and electrically connected to the flexible electrical connection element.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a means of transportation comprising the laminated glass described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The laminated glass and transportation vehicle provided in this invention include a first glass layer, a light-emitting element, a second glass layer, and a light extraction measure. The light-emitting element is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer. The light extraction measure receives light originating from the light-emitting element and scatters it to form outward light. The light-emitting element and the light extraction measure are used to form a light-emitting pattern. The light-emitting pattern is formed based on a first parameter of the light-emitting element and a second parameter of the light extraction measure. Since the light-emitting element directly participates in the formation of the light-emitting pattern, and the light-emitting pattern is formed through the first parameter of the light-emitting element and the second parameter of the light extraction measure, the diversity of the light-emitting pattern is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting state change of the light-emitting element provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting pattern provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting pattern provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting pattern provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram of the C-direction structure of the laminated glass provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the flexible electrical connection element and the light-emitting element provided in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting pattern provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other. The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solutions of this application all comply with relevant laws and regulations. The user information in the embodiments of this application is obtained through legal and compliant means, and the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of user information have been authorized and agreed upon by the customer.

[0048] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution provided in this application, the relevant content of the technical solution in this application will be explained below.

[0049] Existing ambient lighting sunroof laminated glass uses a light-guiding structure, with light sources arranged on the sides or front of the inner glass pane. Light enters the inner glass pane through certain light coupling measures, resulting in significant light loss during the coupling process and within the glass itself. Less than 10% of the total light is extracted and reaches the passenger compartment, leading to low light utilization, energy waste, and increased power consumption. Furthermore, the wasted light is absorbed by various window components and converted into heat, increasing the operating temperature of the LED areas, reducing LED reliability, and raising the interior temperature. Additionally, due to the low light utilization, the overall brightness is low, making it invisible during the day and failing to achieve any decorative effect. Given that point P1 is x from light source A and y from light source B, and point P2 is also x from light source A and y from light source B, it's difficult to achieve a difference in brightness between points P1 and P2, meaning it's challenging to create a brightness difference between points at the same distance from the side light source. The distance from point P3 to light source A is x3, and the distance from point P4 to light source A is x4. Since x3 ≈ x4, it is difficult to achieve a brightness difference between points P3 and P4. This is because the light output efficiency attenuation is small within a small area, making it difficult to achieve a brightness difference and thus failing to create the layered effect required in the image. Additional edging or light coupling structures are needed at the positions of the light strips on both sides to secure them, provide waterproofing, ensure light incidence, and facilitate heat dissipation. This increases the complexity and steps involved in the skylight glass manufacturing process and adds extra weight.

[0050] Because the light sources are placed on both sides, the light is stronger where the light source is closer to the light source, and weaker where the light source is farther away, resulting in poor overall brightness uniformity.

[0051] Due to the low light extraction efficiency and the limitations of the precision required for light extraction measures (such as printing precision), existing ambient lights struggle to depict fine dot patterns, such as a star-studded night sky or patterns with extremely small dimensions, such as those less than 2mm in length and width.

[0052] To achieve light extraction, the corresponding light extraction measures need to be able to scatter light, thus possessing a certain degree of haze. To achieve a certain brightness, existing ambient lights need to have a certain area, and the light output largely depends on the area of ​​the light extraction measures and their light scattering effect. However, increasing the area of ​​the light extraction measures and improving their light scattering effect negatively impacts the glass's appearance. There is a contradiction between increasing light output and improving the glass's appearance.

[0053] To at least partially address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a laminated glass in which a light-emitting element is disposed within the laminated glass, and in conjunction with light extraction measures, diverse light-emitting patterns are achieved. Because the light-emitting element is disposed within the laminated glass, light utilization efficiency is improved and power consumption is reduced.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer 1, a light-emitting element 2, a second glass layer 3, and a light extraction mechanism 4, wherein:

[0055] The light-emitting element 2 is disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3; the light extraction measure 4 receives the light source from the light-emitting element 2 and scatters it to form outward light;

[0056] The light-emitting element 2 and the light extraction measure 4 are used to form a light-emitting pattern; the light-emitting pattern is formed based on the first parameter of the light-emitting element 2 and the second parameter of the light extraction measure 4.

[0057] Specifically, the light-emitting element 2 can be configured to emit light towards either the first glass layer 1 or the second glass layer 3. The following explanation uses the example of emitting light towards the second glass layer 3. The direct light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 can exit the second glass layer 3, forming outgoing light. When the angle between the light emission direction of the light-emitting element 2 and the normal direction of the glass surface of the second glass layer 3 (hereinafter referred to as the light emission angle) is less than an angle threshold, the main part of the light will directly exit the second glass layer 3 and can be observed by the human eye. When the light emission angle is greater than or equal to the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90 degrees, the light will enter the second glass layer 3, where total internal reflection occurs. The second glass layer 3 serves as an optical waveguide medium, allowing incident light to propagate. The light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 and the light propagating in the second glass layer 3 are incident on the light extraction measure 4, which scatters the received light to form outgoing light. The specific location of the light extraction measure 4 is set according to actual needs and is not limited in this embodiment of the invention. The angle threshold is related to the refractive index of the material used in the second glass layer 3. For example, if the second glass layer 3 is made of soda-lime glass with a refractive index of 1.52, then the angle threshold is 41°.

[0058] The light-emitting element 2 and the light extraction measure 4 are used to form a light-emitting pattern. The light-emitting pattern can be formed based on a first parameter of the light-emitting element 2 and a second parameter of the light extraction measure 4. The first parameter includes one or any combination of the following: the position of the light-emitting element 2, the number of light-emitting elements 2, the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2, the luminous color of the light-emitting element 2, and the distance between the light-emitting element 2 and the light extraction measure 4. The second parameter includes one or any combination of the following: the number of light extraction measures 4, the shape of the light extraction measures 4, the position of the light extraction measures 4, the arrangement of the light extraction measures 4, and the light extraction efficiency of the light extraction measures. The light-emitting pattern is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit it.

[0059] To ensure a tight and good bond between the light-emitting element 2 and the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3, a first adhesive layer 5 and a second adhesive layer 6 can be provided. The light-emitting element 2 is placed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6. The light-emitting element 2 is connected to the first glass layer 1 through the first adhesive layer 5 and to the second glass layer 3 through the second adhesive layer 6. The first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 can be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). To avoid blocking light, the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 can be made of transparent PVB. While ensuring that the overall bonding light intensity of the laminated glass meets the standard requirements, the thinnest adhesive layer should be selected to control the overall thickness of the laminated glass.

[0060] When the light-emitting element 2 needs to be connected to an external driving power supply, a flexible electrical connection element 8 can be set. The light-emitting element 2 is electrically connected to the flexible electrical connection element 8. The flexible electrical connection element 8 is set between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3. It can be connected to the external driving power supply through a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) 7. Gold fingers can be set on the printed circuit board 7.

[0061] The first glass layer 1 and / or the second glass layer 3 can be transparent or translucent glass, selected according to actual needs; this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations. The light-emitting element 2 includes, but is not limited to, surface light sources and linear light sources such as LED beads, light-emitting chips, and light-emitting strips, selected according to actual needs; this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations. The light extraction measure 4 can employ opaque or translucent inks, light-scattering particles, microstructure coating, sandblasting, etching, laser micro-engraving, etc., selected according to actual needs; this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations.

[0062] The size of the light-emitting element is selected according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit it. For example, the length of the light-emitting element is less than 1 mm, and the width of the light-emitting element is less than 1 mm. Since the size of the light-emitting element is small, its impact on the appearance of the laminated glass is small and limited to the size range of the light-emitting element itself.

[0063] The laminated glass provided in this invention includes a first glass layer, a light-emitting element, a second glass layer, and a light extraction measure. The light-emitting element is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer. The light extraction measure receives light originating from the light-emitting element and scatters it to form emitted light. The light-emitting element and the light extraction measure are used to form a light-emitting pattern. The light-emitting pattern is formed based on a first parameter of the light-emitting element and a second parameter of the light extraction measure. Since the light-emitting element directly participates in the formation of the light-emitting pattern, and the light-emitting pattern is formed through the first parameter of the light-emitting element and the second parameter of the light extraction measure, the diversity of light-emitting pattern formation is improved. Furthermore, the placement of the light-emitting element between the first and second glass layers significantly shortens the distance between the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure. Compared to the prior art where the light source is disposed on the side of the glass, most of the light entering along the glass plane is lost in the coupling stage and inside the glass, thus improving light utilization and reducing power consumption.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, the first parameter further includes the position of the light-emitting element 2, the number of light-emitting elements 2, the light intensity of the light-emitting element 2, the light color of the light-emitting element 2, and one or any combination of the light-emitting element 2 and the light extraction measure 4.

[0065] Specifically, since the light-emitting element 2 can emit light along the thickness direction of the laminated glass, the light-emitting position of the light-emitting element 2 can be the light-emitting position of the light-emitting pattern. By changing the position of the light-emitting element, the light-emitting position of the light-emitting pattern can be changed. By setting the position of the light-emitting element 2, a uniform light emission effect of the light-emitting pattern can be achieved.

[0066] The number of light-emitting elements 2 affects the number of light-emitting positions in the light-emitting pattern and the brightness of the light-emitting pattern. Furthermore, in the case of multiple light-emitting elements, different light-emitting patterns can be formed by controlling the number of light-emitting elements that emit light each time, thereby achieving dynamic changes in the light-emitting pattern.

[0067] The luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2 affects the brightness of the luminous pattern. With the same laminated glass structure, the stronger the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2, the brighter the luminous pattern. Luminous intensity, or light strength for short, is a physical quantity closely related to the emission angle. It is the visible light flux emitted by a light source per unit solid angle in a given direction, used to measure the "directional brightness" of a light source. The luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2 can vary at different angles; changing the luminous intensity at different angles of the light-emitting element 2 can also affect the brightness of the luminous pattern.

[0068] The color of light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 affects the color of the light-emitting pattern. By changing the color of light emitted by the light-emitting element 2, light-emitting patterns of different colors can be formed.

[0069] The distance between the light-emitting element 2 and the light extraction measure 4 affects the intensity of the light received by the light extraction measure 4. The closer the light extraction measure 4 is to the light-emitting element 2, the stronger the light received.

[0070] It is understood that the first parameter may include one of the following: the position of the light-emitting element, the number of light-emitting elements, the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element, the luminous color of the light-emitting element, the distance between the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure, or any combination thereof.

[0071] Based on the above embodiments, the second parameter further includes one of the following: the number of light extraction measures 4, the shape of the light extraction measures 4, the position of the light extraction measures 4, the arrangement of the light extraction measures 4, and the light extraction efficiency of the light extraction measures 4, or any combination thereof.

[0072] Specifically, the light extraction measure 4 can create different luminescent effects. For example, using opaque or semi-transparent ink, it can create patterns with contrasting light and dark areas; applying a coating containing scattering particles can create a diffused luminescent effect; and sandblasting can create a rough, textured surface, producing a semi-transparent, atomized effect. The more light extraction measures 4 there are, the more numerous and diverse the luminescent effects of the luminescent pattern can be. The number of light extraction measures 4 can be selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose a limitation.

[0073] The shape of the light extraction measure 4 affects the shape of the light emission pattern. By changing the shape of the light extraction measure 4, different light emission patterns can be generated.

[0074] The position of the light extraction measure 4 affects the shape and brightness of the light emission pattern. By changing the position of the light extraction measure 4, different light emission patterns or light emission patterns with different brightness can be produced.

[0075] The arrangement of the light extraction measures 4 affects the shape of the luminous pattern. By changing the arrangement of the light extraction measures 4, different luminous patterns can be formed.

[0076] The light extraction efficiency of light extraction measure 4 affects the luminous effect of the luminous pattern. The light extraction efficiency of light extraction measure 4 is influenced by various factors, including the materials used, processing techniques, and solute concentration. For example, the brightness of a luminous pattern formed using a transparent ink light extraction measure differs from that formed using an opaque ink light extraction measure; the display effect of a luminous pattern with a scattering particle coating formed by a coating process in light extraction measure 4 differs from that of a luminous pattern with a rough, textured surface formed by sandblasting in light extraction measure 4; and the brightness and darkness of luminous patterns formed by inks of different concentrations also differ.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, the incident light source of the light extraction measure 4 is further derived from different light-emitting elements 2.

[0078] Specifically, the light extraction measure 4 can receive light emitted by the light-emitting element 2, and can also receive light originating from different light-emitting elements 2 propagating from the first glass layer 1 or the second glass layer 3 located in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element 2. The light extraction measure 4 can receive light of different colors and scatter different colors. The light extraction measure 4 can receive light of different intensities and colors and scatter light of different colors and intensities. The light extraction measure 4 can simultaneously extract light of different colors, achieving light mixing.

[0079] For example, different light-emitting elements 2 emit light of different colors but the same luminous intensity. When different light-emitting elements 2 are at different distances from the light extraction measure 4, the light emitted by the closer light-emitting element 2 has a smaller attenuation and the light emitted by the closer light-emitting element 2 has a larger attenuation. Therefore, the light extraction measure 4 scatters more colors of the closer light-emitting body.

[0080] Within the light extraction measure 4, positions closer to the light-emitting element 2 can scatter more of the light emitted by that element; conversely, positions closer to the light-emitting element 2 further away can scatter more of the light emitted by that element. The light extraction measure 4 achieves a transition in the scattered light based on the distance.

[0081] The same transition effect described above can also be achieved by adjusting the luminous intensity of the light-emitting elements 2 around the light extraction measure 4, thereby controlling the light intensity at the light extraction measure 4 by different light-emitting elements 2.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, furthermore, the different light-emitting elements shall satisfy at least one of the following three conditions:

[0083] At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light of different colors;

[0084] At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light with different intensities;

[0085] At least two of the different light-emitting elements are at different distances from the light extraction measure.

[0086] Specifically, at least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light of different colors, different intensities, or at least two light-emitting elements are at different distances from the light extraction measure. This includes situations where at least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light of different colors and intensities, where the light emitted by at least two light-emitting elements is of different colors and at different distances from the light extraction measure, where the light emitted by at least two light-emitting elements is of different intensities and at different distances from the light extraction measure, and where the light emitted by at least two light-emitting elements is of different colors, intensities, and distances from the light extraction measure. The distance between the light-emitting elements and the light extraction measure includes, but is not limited to, the straight-line distance between the light-emitting elements and the light extraction measure, and the projection distance between the light extraction measure and the light-emitting elements on the target glass layer surface. The target glass layer is either a first glass layer or a second glass layer in the light emission direction of the light-emitting element. The projection distance between the light extraction measure and the light-emitting elements on the target glass layer surface is the shortest distance between the projection center of the light extraction measure and the projection center of the light-emitting element on the target glass layer surface.

[0087] By adjusting the distance between the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure, the light intensity of the light-emitting element, and the light color of the light-emitting element, different scattered light is generated by the light extraction measure 4, thereby increasing the diversity of the light-emitting pattern's light-emitting effect.

[0088] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer 1, light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2, a second glass layer 3, and a light extraction measure 4, all stacked together. Light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2 are disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3, and are spaced a predetermined distance apart. The light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 3, i.e., the side of the second glass layer 3 away from the first glass layer 1. Light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2 are at the same distance from the light extraction measure 4, but the colors and / or intensities of the light emitted by them are different. The light emitted by light-emitting element 2-1 propagates through the second glass layer 3 and then enters the light extraction measure 4; the light emitted by light-emitting element 2-2 propagates through the second glass layer 3 and then enters the light extraction measure 4. The scattered light formed at the light extraction measure 4 emits or mixes to emit at least two colors of light. Furthermore, when the light intensities emitted by light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2 are different, the light intensities of different colors of light scattered by light extraction measure 4 are also different. The preset distance is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations.

[0089] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer 1, light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2, a second glass layer 3, and a light extraction measure 4, all stacked together. Light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2 are disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3. The light emitted by light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2 has different colors but essentially the same luminous intensity at various angles. Furthermore, the distance between light-emitting element 2-1 and the light extraction measure 4 is less than the distance between light-emitting element 2-2 and the light extraction measure 4. The light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 3, i.e., the surface of the second glass layer 3 furthest from the first glass layer 1. Light emitted by light-emitting element 2-1 propagates through the second glass layer 3 and then enters the light extraction measure 4. Light emitted by light-emitting element 2-2 propagates through the second glass layer 3 and then enters the light extraction measure 4. Because the distance between light-emitting element 2-1 and the light extraction measure 4 is less than the distance between light-emitting element 2-2 and the light extraction measure 4, scattered light is formed at the light extraction measure 4, with the color of the light emitted by the closer light-emitting element 2-1 being dominant. By adjusting the light intensity of light-emitting elements 2-1 and 2-2, the brightness of different colors of light scattered by light extraction measure 4 can be changed, thereby achieving the change of the emitted color of light extraction measure 4.

[0090] Based on the above embodiments, there are further multiple light-emitting elements 2.

[0091] Specifically, there can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., light-emitting elements 2. The specific number of light-emitting elements 2 is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit it. By adjusting the number of light-emitting elements 2, the number of light-emitting points in the light-emitting pattern can be changed. Each light-emitting element 2 can independently control its light-emitting state, which includes two states: emitting light and not emitting light. Thus, by controlling the number of light-emitting elements emitting light each time, different light-emitting patterns can be formed, achieving dynamic changes in the light-emitting pattern.

[0092] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the dots represent light-emitting elements, and each light-emitting element can be controlled to emit light independently. Figure 4 The solid lines in the diagram represent the luminous patterns displayed when the light-emitting elements are in the luminous state. By controlling the luminescence of different numbers and positions of light-emitting elements, luminous patterns simulating different states of the moon are realized from left to right.

[0093] Based on the above embodiments, further, no light-emitting element 2 is provided in the positive projection area of ​​the light extraction measure 4 facing the light-emitting element 2.

[0094] Since the intensity of the light directly emitted by the light-emitting element 2 is greater than the intensity of the light scattered by the light extraction measure 4 after conduction, there is a significant difference in brightness between the pattern formed by the light-emitting element 2 and the pattern formed by the light extraction measure 4, which can create a sense of brightness hierarchy.

[0095] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer (not shown in the figure), multiple LED beads 502, a second glass layer 503, and a light extraction measure 504 stacked together. The multiple LED beads 502 are disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer 503. The light extraction measure 504 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 503. No LED beads 502 are disposed in the projection area of ​​the light extraction measure 504 along the normal direction of the glass plane of the second glass layer 503; the multiple LED beads 502 are arranged around the light extraction measure 504. A blocking area 501 is provided at the edge of the second glass layer 503. The light extraction measure 504 can adopt a preset shape, such as a crescent shape. Figure 5 Each LED bead can be considered a star, and the light extraction device 504 can be considered the moon, presenting a starry sky luminous pattern. The light extraction device 504 can use translucent ink to create the effect that the moon is dimmer than the stars. The arrangement of the multiple LED beads 502 can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention is not limited. The number of LED beads 502 can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention is not limited.

[0096] The embodiments of the present invention form a light-emitting pattern by the position of the light-emitting element, the number of light-emitting elements, and the shape of the light extraction measure.

[0097] Based on the above embodiments, the angle corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2 is greater than or equal to the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90°; wherein the target glass layer is the first glass layer or the second glass layer.

[0098] Specifically, since the light extracted by the light extraction measure is only a portion of the total internal reflection light within the glass, the light scattered by the light extraction measure is significantly less bright than the light directly emitted from the light-emitting element 2 and observed by the human eye (i.e., the light emitted at an angle less than the angle threshold). This results in a difference in brightness between the luminous pattern formed by the light-emitting element 2 and the luminous pattern formed by the light extraction measure 4. Generally, the human eye is more sensitive to brighter light sources. The brightness of the light directly emitted from the light-emitting element 2 and observed by the human eye can even mask the brightness of the light scattered by the light extraction measure 4, creating the illusion that the human eye cannot perceive the light emitted by the light extraction measure 4.

[0099] To compensate for the difference between the brightness of the light-emitting element 2 and the brightness of the light extraction measure 4, when selecting the light-emitting element 2, since the light intensity of the light-emitting element 2 is highest in the angular direction corresponding to the peak light intensity, a light-emitting element with an angle greater than or equal to the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90° can be selected. This increases the light intensity of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 that enters the target glass layer and forms total internal reflection, thereby increasing the light intensity of the light incident on the light extraction measure 4. It also reduces the light intensity of the light emitted directly from the target glass layer by the light-emitting element 2. Thus, while increasing the light intensity of the light extraction measure 4, it reduces the difference in brightness between the light-emitting pattern portion formed by the light-emitting element 2 and the light-emitting pattern portion formed by the light extraction measure 4.

[0100] In this embodiment, when the light emission direction of the light-emitting element 2 is towards the first glass layer 1, the target glass layer is the first glass layer 1; when the light emission direction of the light-emitting element 2 is towards the second glass layer 3, the target glass layer is the second glass layer 3. The angle corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2, that is, the maximum intensity value of the emitted light of the light-emitting element 2, refers to the angle between the light emission direction corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element and the normal of the luminous surface of the light-emitting element. For example, if an LED specification is marked "peak luminous intensity 1200cd@15°", it means that the LED has the highest luminous intensity at a viewing angle of 15°. The angle threshold is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit it.

[0101] Based on the above embodiments, the luminous intensity corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the luminous element 2 is greater than or equal to twice the luminous intensity of the luminous element in the 0-degree viewing angle direction.

[0102] Specifically, when light propagates through total internal reflection inside the glass, the light intensity attenuates to some extent with increasing distance. To further reduce the difference between the brightness of the light-emitting element 2 itself and the brightness of the light extraction measure 4, the difference between the luminous intensity of the light emitted directly from the target glass layer by the light-emitting element 2 and the luminous intensity of the light undergoing total internal reflection can be increased. To achieve this objective, the luminous intensity corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element 2 can be set to be greater than or equal to twice the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element in the 0-degree viewing angle direction. The light intensity of the light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 that enters the target glass layer and undergoes total internal reflection is significantly higher than the light intensity of the light emitted directly from the target glass layer by the light-emitting element 2.

[0103] Based on the above embodiments, there are multiple light extraction measures 4, and at least two light extraction measures 4 present different colors.

[0104] Since the light emitted by the light extraction measure 4 is affected by the adjacent light-emitting element 2, the color of the emitted light may also differ from that of the adjacent light-emitting element 2, thus creating a sense of layering in the color of the emitted light.

[0105] For example, such as Figure 6As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer (not shown in the figure), multiple LED beads 602, a second glass layer 603, and two light extraction measures stacked together. The multiple LED beads 602 are disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer 603. Light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2 are disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 603. No LED beads 602 are disposed in the projection area of ​​light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2 along the normal direction of the glass plane of the second glass layer 603; the multiple LED beads 602 are disposed around light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2. A blocking area 601 is provided at the edge of the second glass layer 603. Light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2 are adjacent to each other. Multiple LED beads 602 are divided into two groups. The first group of LED beads 602 emits light of a first color, and the second group of LED beads 602 emits light of a second color. The first group of LED beads 602 is positioned close to the light extraction measure 604-1, and the second group of LED beads 602 is positioned close to the light extraction measure 604-2. The first and second colors are different. When the multiple LED beads 602 emit light, the light extraction measure 604-1 mainly scatters the first color light, and the light extraction measure 604-2 mainly scatters the second color light. Both the light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2 are crescent-shaped, and there is a certain transition area between them. The light extraction measures 604-1 and 604-2 can be made of semi-transparent ink.

[0106] The embodiments of the present invention form luminescent patterns by adjusting the position, number, and color of luminescent elements, and the shape and number of light extraction measures.

[0107] Based on the above embodiments, the light-emitting element 2 is further provided in the positive projection area of ​​the light extraction measure 4 facing the light-emitting element 2.

[0108] If it is desired to compensate for the difference in luminous intensity between the light scattered by the light extraction measure 4 and the direct light from the light-emitting element 2, the light-emitting element 2 can be arranged inside the laminated glass behind the light extraction measure 4. The direct light from the light-emitting element 2 can compensate for the difference in luminous intensity between the light extraction measure 4 and the surrounding light-emitting elements 2.

[0109] The light intensity of the light extraction measure 4 can be increased by increasing the light intensity of the back-emitting element 2. By reducing the brightness of the peripheral light-emitting elements 2 of the light extraction measure 4 through circuit control, it is possible to make the light extraction measure 4 brighter while the peripheral light-emitting elements 2 are darker, thus creating a sense of layering in light intensity.

[0110] The color of light emitted by the back-side light-emitting element 2 of the light extraction measure 4 can be changed by controlling the color of the light emitted by the light extraction measure 4. This method can achieve a sense of color gradation between the light extraction measure 4 and the surrounding light-emitting elements 2.

[0111] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer (not shown), multiple LED beads 702, a second glass layer 703, and a light extraction measure 704, all stacked together. The multiple LED beads 702 are disposed between the first and second glass layers 703. The light extraction measure 704 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 703. Multiple LED beads 702 are arranged in the projection area of ​​the light extraction measure 704 along the normal direction of the glass plane of the second glass layer 703 to enhance the display brightness at the light extraction measure 704. A blocking area 701 is provided at the edge of the second glass layer 703. The multiple LED beads 702 are divided into two parts: a first part of the LED beads 702 is disposed in the projection area of ​​the light extraction measure 704 along the normal direction of the glass plane of the second glass layer 703, and a second part of the LED beads 702 is disposed around the light extraction measure 704. The light extraction measure 704 is crescent-shaped and may be made of translucent ink.

[0112] Based on the above embodiments, the brightness of the light extraction measure is further determined according to the formula. Calculated, L g L represents the brightness of the light extraction measure. i γ represents the luminous flux of the light source of the i-th light-emitting element. i d represents the extraction coefficient of the light extraction measure relative to the i-th light-emitting element. i n represents the projection distance of the light extraction measure relative to the i-th light-emitting element. i L represents the attenuation index corresponding to the i-th light-emitting element, where i is a positive integer and i is less than or equal to M, and M represents the number of light-emitting elements not located within the orthographic projection area of ​​the light extraction measure on the side facing the light-emitting element. g n is greater than 0 and less than 100. i Greater than 1 and less than 3; wherein, the target glass layer is the first glass layer or the second glass layer in the direction of light emission of the i-th light-emitting element.

[0113] Specifically, when light propagates inside glass via total internal reflection, its intensity decreases with increasing distance, as indicated by the formula... The relationship between the luminous flux of a light-emitting element and the luminous intensity of a light extraction method can be quantified. γ iγ represents the extraction coefficient of the light extraction measure relative to the i-th light-emitting element. It mainly reflects the light extraction efficiency of the light extraction measure and is related to the luminous intensity distribution of the light source, as well as the haze, roughness, and reflectivity of the light extraction measure. Given the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure, γ can be determined experimentally. i γ i In the above formula, n is a constant. i The attenuation index represents the attenuation index corresponding to the i-th light-emitting element, reflecting the degree of attenuation of light propagating inside the glass. It is mainly related to the transmittance, color, and light color of the glass itself. Given the light-emitting elements, the first glass layer, and the second glass layer, n can be determined experimentally. i . d i This represents the projection distance between the light extraction measure and the i-th light-emitting element on the target glass layer surface. Specifically, it represents the shortest distance between the projection centers of the light extraction measure and the i-th light-emitting element onto the target glass layer surface. The target glass layer is either the first or second glass layer along the light emission direction of the i-th light-emitting element. M can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., and can be set according to actual needs; this embodiment of the invention does not impose a limitation.

[0114] It should be noted that the above formula is a dimensionless relation, L i γ i d i and n i Substituting the values ​​into the above formula, we obtain L. g The calculated L g The brightness of the light extraction measure will be assigned the unit cd / m². 2 .

[0115] Using light-emitting elements with a peak luminous intensity greater than the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90 degrees can improve the extraction coefficient. Using colorless and transparent glass with high transmittance can reduce the attenuation index. Considering that the brightness of the light extraction measure is inversely proportional to the distance, the brightness of the light extraction measure is mainly determined by the light-emitting element at the nearest position, and the color of the light scattered by the light extraction measure is mainly determined by the light-emitting element at the nearest position.

[0116] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram of the C-direction structure of the laminated glass provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 8A and 8BAs shown, based on the above embodiments, the surface of the glass layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element 2 includes a blocking area 9 and a light-transmitting area 10. The light-emitting element 2 is disposed in the glass interlayer corresponding to the blocking area 9. The position of the light extraction measure 4 corresponds to the light-transmitting area 10 and is set as a preset pattern.

[0117] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light towards the first glass layer 1, the blocking area 9 is located at the edge of the outer surface of the first glass layer 1, and the light-transmitting area 10 can be the area of ​​the outer surface of the first glass layer 1 excluding the blocking area 9 or a smaller area. When the light-emitting element 2 emits light towards the second glass layer 3, the blocking area 9 is located at the edge of the outer surface of the second glass layer 3, and the light-transmitting area 10 can be the area of ​​the outer surface of the second glass layer 3 excluding the blocking area 9 or a smaller area. The size of the blocking area 9 is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit it. The blocking area 9 can be implemented by printing opaque ink.

[0118] A light-emitting element 2 is disposed within the glass interlayer corresponding to the obstruction area 9. Direct light emitted by the light-emitting element 2 cannot be transmitted due to the obstruction of the obstruction area 9, while light propagating in the first glass layer 1 or the second glass layer is scattered by the light extraction measure 4. The position of the light extraction measure 4 corresponds to the light-transmitting area 10. The light extraction measure 4 is disposed within the projection area of ​​the light-transmitting area 10 along the normal direction of the first glass layer 1 or the second glass layer. The light extraction measure 4 can be disposed within the glass layer containing the light-transmitting area 10, on the outer surface of the glass layer, or on the inner surface of the glass layer. When the laminated glass includes a first adhesive layer 5 and a second adhesive layer 6, the light extraction measure 4 can also be disposed within the adhesive layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element 2 or between the adhesive layer and the glass layer.

[0119] By changing the number, color, and brightness of the light-emitting elements 2, the color change and transition effect of the preset pattern of the light extraction measure 4 can be achieved. Different light-emitting patterns can be displayed by changing the preset pattern of the light extraction measure 4. The preset pattern is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose any limitations.

[0120] For example, such as Figure 8A and 8B As shown, the light-emitting element 2 uses LED light emitters, and multiple LED light emitters are linearly arranged on the flexible electrical connection element 8. The flexible electrical connection element 8 and the LED light emitter reflector are disposed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6, and are disposed along the edges of the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6, corresponding to the blocking area 9. The light extraction measure 4 uses multiple semi-transparent ink printed squares, which are disposed in the light-transmitting area 10 on the outer surface of the second glass layer 3 and arranged in an array.

[0121] Based on the above embodiments, the light extraction measure 4 is further provided on the outer surface of the first glass layer 1 or the outer surface of the second glass layer 3.

[0122] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the first glass layer 1, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the first glass layer 1; when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 3. The outer surface of the first glass layer 1 is the side surface away from the second glass layer 3; the outer surface of the second glass layer 3 is the side surface away from the first glass layer 1.

[0123] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, and the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 3.

[0124] Based on the above embodiments, the light extraction measure 4 is further disposed on the inner surface of the first glass layer 1 or the inner surface of the second glass layer 3.

[0125] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the first glass layer 1, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the inner surface of the first glass layer 1; when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the inner surface of the second glass layer 3. The inner surface of the first glass layer 1 is the side surface closer to the second glass layer 3; the inner surface of the second glass layer 3 is the side surface closer to the first glass layer 1.

[0126] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, and the light extraction measure 4 is disposed on the inner surface of the second glass layer 3.

[0127] Based on the above embodiments, the light extraction measure 4 is further disposed in the first glass layer 1 or the second glass layer 3.

[0128] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the first glass layer 1, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the first glass layer 1; when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the second glass layer 3.

[0129] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second glass layer 3, and the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the second glass layer 3.

[0130] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 11As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a first adhesive layer 5 and a second adhesive layer 6. The first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 are disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3. The light-emitting element 2 is disposed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6. The light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the adhesive layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element 2.

[0131] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the first adhesive layer 5, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the first adhesive layer 5; when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second adhesive layer 6, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the second adhesive layer 6.

[0132] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown, the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second adhesive layer 6, and the light extraction measure 4 is disposed in the second adhesive layer 6.

[0133] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminated glass provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a first adhesive layer 5 and a second adhesive layer 6. The first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6 are disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3. The light-emitting element 2 is disposed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the second adhesive layer 6. The light extraction measure 4 is disposed between the adhesive layer and the glass layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element 2.

[0134] Specifically, when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the first adhesive layer 5, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the first glass layer 1, with the first adhesive layer 5 adjacent to the first glass layer 1; when the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second adhesive layer 6, the light extraction measure 4 is disposed between the first adhesive layer 5 and the second glass layer 3, with the second adhesive layer 6 adjacent to the second glass layer 3.

[0135] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the light-emitting element 2 emits light toward the second adhesive layer 6, and the light extraction measure 4 is disposed between the second adhesive layer 6 and the second glass layer 3.

[0136] like Figure 1 As shown, based on the above embodiments, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment further includes a flexible electrical connection element 8. The flexible electrical connection element 8 is disposed between the first glass layer 1 and the second glass layer 3, and the light-emitting element 2 is disposed on the flexible electrical connection element 8, and the light-emitting element 2 is electrically connected to the flexible electrical connection element 8. LED beads or light-emitting chips can be mounted on the surface of the flexible electrical connection element 8 by methods such as die bonding or reflow soldering.

[0137] The flexible electrical connection element 8 with light-emitting element 2 can be integrated into the laminated glass through a lamination process.

[0138] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, the flexible electrical connection element 8 includes an insulating layer 8-1 and a conductive layer 8-2, with the conductive layer 8-2 disposed on the insulating layer 8-1. The light-emitting element 2 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 8-2 via pads 8-3, and the conductive layer 8-2 is electrically connected to the FPC7, which may have gold fingers 7-1. The insulating layer 8-1 and the conductive layer 8-2 can be bonded together using an adhesive material. The voltage or current provided by the FPC7 is supplied to the light-emitting element 2 through the conductive layer 8-2 and pads 8-3 of the flexible electrical connection element 8, exciting the light-emitting element 2 to emit light of corresponding color and brightness. To prevent the light-emitting element, pads, and conductive layer from being exposed, an adhesive material and an insulating layer can be disposed on the other side of the conductive layer and the light-emitting element to improve the product's operability and reliability, and to avoid exposure of the conductive material.

[0139] When there are multiple light-emitting elements 2, in order to achieve independent control of the light-emitting elements 2, the flexible electrical connection element 8 may include multiple conductive layers 8-2, and the conductive layers 8-2 can be bonded together with adhesive materials. The conductive layer material of the conductive layer 8-2 typically has a sheet resistance of 10 to 0.01 Ω / □. To achieve electrical connection and independent control of the light-emitting elements, the conductive layers can be formed into specific patterns through processes such as chemical etching and laser ablation. Insulating layers and adhesive materials can improve reliability and prevent the conductive layer material from being exposed. One or both sides of the flexible electrical connection element 8 can have exposed areas of the conductive layer 8-2 to enable electrical connection with other components.

[0140] like Figure 14 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer (not shown), multiple LED beads 1402, a second glass layer 1403, and a light extraction measure 1404 stacked together. The multiple LED beads 1402 are disposed between the first and second glass layers 1403, and the light extraction measure 1404 is disposed on the outer surface of the second glass layer 1403. The multiple LED beads 1402 are divided into two parts: a first part of the LED beads 1402 is disposed around the light extraction measure 1404, and a second part of the LED beads 1402 is arranged in a ring around the light extraction measure 1404. The light extraction measure 1404 is circular and may be made of translucent ink.

[0141] like Figure 15As shown, based on the above embodiments, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment further includes a functional layer 11, which is disposed between the light-emitting element 2 and the first glass layer 1. The functional layer 11 includes, but is not limited to, a dimming film, a light-diffusing film, a haze film, a reflective film, and a color-changing film. The dimming film can adjust the transparency of the laminated glass. The light-diffusing film can change the light propagation mode of the laminated glass, from direct light transmission to a uniform surface light source transmission state, eliminating point glare and improving visual comfort. The haze film can adjust the light transmission state of the laminated glass, changing it from clear transparency to a uniform hazy state. The reflective film is used to increase the reflectivity of the laminated glass to light. The color-changing film can change the color of the transmitted and reflected light of the laminated glass to achieve a specific appearance tone.

[0142] For example, such as Figure 15 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer 1, a third adhesive layer 12, a functional layer 11, a first adhesive layer 5, a light-emitting element 2, a second adhesive layer 6, and a second glass layer 3 stacked together.

[0143] like Figure 16 As shown, based on the above embodiments, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a functional layer 11, which is disposed between the light-emitting element 2 and the second glass layer 3.

[0144] For example, such as Figure 16 As shown, the laminated glass provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first glass layer 1, a first adhesive layer 5, a light-emitting element 2, a second adhesive layer 6, a functional layer 11, a third adhesive layer 12, and a second glass layer 3, which are stacked together.

[0145] An embodiment of the present invention provides a means of transportation comprising the laminated glass described in any of the above embodiments.

[0146] In summary, the laminated glass and transportation vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0147] (1) It can control the lighting, extinguishing, luminous intensity, and luminous color of each light-emitting element. By controlling the lighting, extinguishing, luminous intensity, and color of light-emitting elements at different positions, and combining this with light extraction measures, dynamic changes in patterns can be achieved;

[0148] (2) The light-emitting elements can be flexibly arranged in the transparent area and the shielded area inside the laminated glass, which solves the problem of low brightness in the middle of the glass due to the distance from the light source, and improves the overall brightness uniformity of the glass.

[0149] (3) All the light from the light-emitting element, including direct light and side light, can be utilized, which greatly improves the utilization rate of light and energy.

[0150] (4) By controlling the luminous intensity and color of the light-emitting elements around the light extraction measure, the luminous intensity and color of the light extraction measure can achieve a gradual transition effect.

[0151] (5) By using the difference in brightness and color between the light emitted by the light-emitting element and the light extraction measures, the layering of the luminous pattern can be reflected.

[0152] (6) The light-emitting element can be integrated into the laminated glass through a lamination process, eliminating the need for additional light-incident structures and lamp strip fixing structures at the glass edge, thus reducing glass weight and manufacturing costs and improving product reliability.

[0153] (7) Because the light-emitting element is small, its impact on the appearance of the glass is limited to the size of the light-emitting element itself. It is particularly good at representing some fine dot patterns, such as a starry night sky and patterns with extremely small local sizes. For light-emitting surfaces or light-emitting lines with a certain area, it can be achieved by arranging light extraction measures or even adding light-emitting elements behind the light extraction measures.

[0154] (8) When the light-emitting element is emitting light at full power, the brightness can greatly exceed the light intensity of traditional ambient lights after adopting light guide structure and light extraction measures, which meets the usage requirements under strong ambient light conditions during the day.

[0155] (9) The transparent conductive film with LED light-emitting body can be integrated into the laminated glass manufacturing process using a lamination process, avoiding the manpower and time required for arranging each LED individually, and greatly reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0156] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "an embodiment," "a specific embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0157] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that, It includes a first glass layer, a light-emitting element, a second glass layer, and light extraction measures, wherein: The light-emitting element is disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; the light extraction measure receives light originating from the light-emitting element and scatters it to form outward light; The light-emitting element and the light extraction measure are used to form a light-emitting pattern; the light-emitting pattern is formed based on a first parameter of the light-emitting element and a second parameter of the light extraction measure.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first parameter includes one of the following: the position of the light-emitting element, the number of light-emitting elements, the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element, the luminous color of the light-emitting element, and the distance between the light-emitting element and the light extraction measure, or any combination thereof.

3. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second parameter includes one of the following: the number of light extraction measures, the shape of the light extraction measures, the position of the light extraction measures, the arrangement of the light extraction measures, and the light extraction efficiency of the light extraction measures, or any combination thereof.

4. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incident light source for the light extraction measure comes from different light-emitting elements.

5. The laminated glass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The different light-emitting elements must satisfy at least one of the following three conditions: At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light of different colors; At least two of the different light-emitting elements emit light with different intensities; At least two of the different light-emitting elements are at different distances from the light extraction measure.

6. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, No light-emitting element is placed in the projected area of ​​the light extraction measure facing the side of the light-emitting element.

7. The laminated glass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The brightness of the light extraction measure is based on the formula. Calculated, L g L represents the brightness of the light extraction measure. i γ represents the luminous flux of the light source of the i-th light-emitting element. i d represents the extraction coefficient of the light extraction measure relative to the i-th light-emitting element. i n represents the distance between the light extraction measure and the projection distance of the i-th light-emitting element on the target glass layer surface. i L represents the attenuation index corresponding to the i-th light-emitting element, where i is a positive integer and i is less than or equal to M, and M represents the number of light-emitting elements not located within the orthographic projection area of ​​the light extraction measure on the side facing the light-emitting element. g n is greater than 0 and less than 100. i Greater than 1 and less than 3; wherein, the target glass layer is the first glass layer or the second glass layer in the light emission direction of the i-th light-emitting element.

8. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element is greater than or equal to the angle threshold and less than or equal to 90°.

9. The laminated glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, The luminous intensity corresponding to the peak luminous intensity of the light-emitting element is greater than or equal to twice the luminous intensity of the light-emitting element in the 0-degree viewing angle direction.

10. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple light extraction measures, and at least two light extraction measures present different colors.

11. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light extraction measure involves placing the light-emitting element within the positive projection area facing the side of the light-emitting element.

12. The laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the glass layer in the direction of light emission of the light-emitting element includes a blocking area and a light-transmitting area. The light-emitting element is disposed in the glass interlayer corresponding to the blocking area. The position of the light extraction measure corresponds to the light-transmitting area and is set as a preset pattern.

13. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The light extraction measure is disposed on the outer surface of the first glass layer or the outer surface of the second glass layer; The light extraction measure is disposed on the inner surface of the first glass layer or the inner surface of the second glass layer; or The light extraction mechanism is located in either the first glass layer or the second glass layer.

14. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, It also includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer being disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, the light-emitting element being disposed between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, and the light extraction measure being disposed in the adhesive layer in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting element or between the adhesive layer and the glass layer.

15. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, It also includes a flexible electrical connection element disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer, and the light-emitting element disposed on the flexible electrical connection element and electrically connected to the flexible electrical connection element.

16. A means of transportation, characterized in that, Includes the laminated glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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