Battery protection device for new energy electric four-wheel tractor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a battery protection device of a new energy electric four-wheel tractor. Comprising a detection part and a protection part, the detection part comprises a detection seat, a V-shaped guide assembly is arranged at the bottom of the detection seat, the tip end of the guide assembly is forward, the opening of the guide assembly is backward, the protection part comprises two guide rods and a plurality of protection assemblies, each protection assembly comprises two supporting frames and two protection plates, and the supporting frames are horizontally arranged between the two guide rods. The protection plates are arranged between the two supporting frames, the two protection plates are rotationally connected, the supporting frames are provided with driving assemblies, and when the detection part detects collision, the driving assemblies trigger the sides, away from the supporting frames, of the protection plates to rotate downwards, so that triangular protection structures are formed between the protection plates and the supporting frames. After the protection plates are released outwards, triangular structures are formed between the protection plates and the supporting rods, a plurality of stable protection structures are formed at the bottom of the battery pack, and impact conduction to the battery pack is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery protection technology, specifically to a battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheel tractor. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of new energy electric four-wheel tractors, the safety protection of their battery packs has become a prominent issue. Battery packs are typically installed at the bottom of the vehicle and are easily impacted by rocks, hard objects, etc., when operating in complex farmland or rugged road conditions. This can lead to damage to the battery pack casing, internal cells, and even serious accidents such as short circuits or fires. Traditional protective devices are mostly fixed structures (such as metal guard plates), which provide basic protection but cannot dynamically respond to impacts of varying intensities. Furthermore, rigid protection may exacerbate battery pack damage due to the transmission of impact force. In addition, existing technologies lack active detection of impact direction and targeted protection mechanisms, resulting in low protection efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device capable of real-time impact detection and dynamic triggering of protection to improve the safety and lifespan of the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, this invention provides a battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheel tractor.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheel tractor, comprising a detection part and a protection part. The protection part is located at the bottom of the battery pack, and the detection part is located at the front of the battery pack. The detection part includes a detection seat, and a V-shaped guide component is provided at the bottom of the detection seat. The tip of the guide component faces forward and the opening faces backward. The protection part has two guide rods and several protection components. The protection components include two support frames and two protective plates. The support frames are horizontally arranged between the two guide rods, and the protective plates are arranged between the two support frames. The two protective plates are rotatably connected. The support frames are equipped with a drive component. When the detection part detects an impact, the drive component triggers the protective plate to rotate downward on the side away from the support frame, so that a triangular protective structure is formed between the protective plate and the support frame.

[0005] As an optimization, several support rods are arranged on opposite sides of the two support frames. When the protective plate is set horizontally, the end of the support rod away from the support frame contacts the upper surface of the protective plate. The driving assembly includes a driving electromagnet and a trigger rod. The support frame has a cavity inside, and the support rod has a trigger channel inside. The cavity is used to accommodate the driving electromagnet. One end of the trigger rod is connected to the driving electromagnet. The trigger rod is located in the trigger channel. Two driving electromagnets arranged opposite each other are magnetically attracted to each other. The trigger rod pushes the protective plate to rotate downward.

[0006] As an optimization, the outer ends of the two support rods arranged opposite to each other are respectively equipped with locking holes and locking components, and a limiting groove is formed on the lower inner side of the locking hole; The locking assembly includes a locking pin, and a locking element is provided inside the locking pin. The limiting groove is used to accommodate the locking element. When the driving electromagnet is energized, the locking element is pushed outward and enters the limiting groove by magnetic force.

[0007] As an optimization, a first detection plate is arranged on the front side of the detection seat, and a second detection plate is arranged on the rear side of the detection seat. The first detection plate and the second detection plate are rotatably connected to the detection seat. A first angle sensor and a second angle sensor are respectively arranged between the first detection plate and the detection seat and between the second detection plate and the detection seat. When the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor detect the angle rotation in sequence, the protective part is released. The lower ends of the first detection plate and the lower ends of the second detection plate are both tilted toward the rear of the vehicle.

[0008] As an optimization, the detection seat is equipped with a telescopic rod, the extended end of which is connected to the guide assembly; When the guide component is retracted, the bottom of the guide component is not lower than the bottom of the first detection plate.

[0009] As an optimization, the guide rod is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle, the protective component is arranged perpendicular to the guide rod, and the protective plate is rotatably connected to the support frame.

[0010] As an optimization, the locking pin has a first connecting cavity and a second connecting cavity inside. The first connecting cavity has an opening on its lower side. The second connecting cavity is adjacent to the driving electromagnet of the connected support frame. The locking assembly includes a connecting magnet and a locking block. The connecting magnet is disposed inside the second connecting cavity. The locking block is located inside the first connecting cavity. The connecting magnet is equipped with a guide rod. The outer end of the guide rod is equipped with a vertical guide piece. The locking block has a parallelogram-shaped guide cavity inside. The guide block is slidably disposed in the guide cavity. When the connecting magnet moves toward the locking hole under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet, the locking block is pushed downward by the guide plate, thus locking the locking hole and the locking pin. When the connecting magnet moves away from the locking hole under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet, the guide plate pushes the locking block upward, thus releasing the locking pin and the locking hole.

[0011] As an optimization, when the protective component is triggered, the protective plate is released downwards, and the support rods of the two support frames move relative to each other and abut against each other.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this plan are as follows: Through the synergistic action of the V-shaped guide components and the front and rear detection plates, the impact is accurately identified and the obstacle is guided to move outward, reducing the risk of the battery pack being hit. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic drive mechanism is triggered to quickly deploy the triangular protective structure, effectively dispersing the impact force and preventing direct damage to the battery pack. The protective components adopt a modular design, which is convenient for partial replacement or repair, reducing maintenance costs. After the protective plate extends outward, it forms a triangular structure with the support rod, creating multiple stable protective structures at the bottom of the battery pack to reduce the impact transmission to the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom axial side of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0017] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part B.

[0018] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of part C.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective component of the present invention in the released state.

[0020] Among them, 1. Detection seat, 2. Battery pack, 3. First detection plate, 4. Second detection plate, 5. Telescopic rod, 6. Guide assembly, 7. Guide rod, 8. Support frame, 9. Protective plate, 10. Support rod, 11. Drive electromagnet, 12. Trigger rod, 13. Locking hole, 14. Locking pin, 15. First connecting cavity, 16. Second connecting cavity, 17. Connecting magnet, 18. Locking block, 19. Guide rod, 20. Guide plate, 21. Guide cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] like Figures 1-7As shown, a battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheel tractor includes a detection part and a protection part. The protection part is located at the bottom of the battery pack 2, and the detection part is located at the front of the battery pack 2. The detection part includes a detection seat 1, and a V-shaped guide component 6 is provided at the bottom of the detection seat 1. The tip of the guide component 6 faces forward and the opening faces backward. The protection part includes two guide rods 7 and several protection components. The protection components include two support frames 8 and two protective plates 9. The support frames 8 are horizontally arranged between the two guide rods 7, and the protective plates 9 are arranged between the two support frames 8. The two protective plates 9 are rotatably connected. The support frames 8 are equipped with a drive component. When the detection part detects an impact, the drive component triggers the protective plate 9 to rotate downward on the side away from the support frame 8, so that the protective plate 9 and the support frame 8 form a triangular protective structure.

[0022] The conductor assembly is plate-shaped and made of high-strength aluminum alloy (such as 6061-T6). It is symmetrically distributed in a V-shape, with the guide plates on both sides having an included angle of 60°~90°. The surface is covered with a wear-resistant rubber layer to reduce frictional resistance.

[0023] The detection seat 1 is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle's longitudinal beam to ensure its stability. The width of the detection seat 1 is not less than the width of the battery pack 2, and the bottom surface of the detection seat 1 is at the same height as the bottom surface of the battery pack 2. The detection seat 1 is used to detect impacts, and at the same time, the guide assembly 6 guides the moving impact object outward, reducing the risk of impact to the battery pack 2.

[0024] The protective part can be directly fixed to the bottom of the battery pack 2, or it can be fixed to the underside of the battery guard plate. The width of the protective part is the same as the width of the battery pack 2, and its length is not less than the length of the battery pack 2.

[0025] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, several support rods 10 are arranged on opposite sides of the two support frames 8. When the protective plate 9 is set horizontally, the end of the support rod 10 away from the support frame 8 contacts the upper surface of the protective plate 9. The driving assembly includes a driving electromagnet 11 and a trigger rod 12. The support frame 8 has a receiving cavity inside, and the support rod 10 has a trigger channel inside. The receiving cavity is used to accommodate the driving electromagnet 11. One end of the trigger rod 12 is connected to the driving electromagnet 11. The trigger rod 12 is located in the trigger channel. The two driving electromagnets 11 arranged opposite to each other are magnetically attracted to each other. The trigger rod 12 pushes the protective plate 9 to rotate downward.

[0026] Two support rods 10 are set horizontally and parallel. In the protective state, the two drive electromagnets 11 are energized. The magnetic poles on opposite sides of the two drive electromagnets 11 are opposite. They move relative to each other under the action of magnetic force, and push the protective plate 9 to rotate downward through the trigger rod 12. The magnetic poles on opposite sides of the drive electromagnets 11 of adjacent protective components are the same, which provides thrust for the movement of the drive electromagnets 11.

[0027] After the protective plate 9 is pushed downward, the two support rods 10 move relative to each other along the guide rod 7 until the two support rods 10 are connected to each other to form a stable protective structure.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the outer ends of the two opposing support rods 10 are respectively equipped with locking holes 13 and locking components, and a limiting groove is formed on the lower inner side of the locking hole 13; The locking assembly includes a locking pin 14, and a locking element is provided inside the locking pin 14. The limiting groove is used to accommodate the locking element. When the driving electromagnet 11 is energized, it pushes the locking element outward and into the limiting groove through magnetic force.

[0029] When the two support rods 10 are in contact with each other, they are connected to each other through the locking element and the locking hole 13.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first detection plate 3 is arranged on the front side of the detection seat 1, and a second detection plate 4 is arranged on the rear side of the detection seat 1. The first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4 are rotatably connected to the detection seat 1. A first angle sensor and a second angle sensor are respectively arranged between the first detection plate 3 and the detection seat 1 and between the second detection plate 4 and the detection seat 1. When the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor detect the angle rotation in sequence, the protective part is released. The lower ends of the first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4 are both tilted toward the rear of the vehicle.

[0031] This application also includes a controller, which is connected to the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor. A certain angle rotation threshold can be set through the controller. When the detected rotation angle exceeds the set angle rotation threshold, the protection mechanism is triggered. The controller can use an STM32F407 microcontroller, along with a signal conditioning circuit (AD620 amplifier) ​​and a CAN bus communication module (model: MCP2515).

[0032] The first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4 are made of carbon fiber composite material with a thickness of 5-8mm. They can be equipped with piezoelectric sensors (model: PCB208C01) and accelerometers (model: ADXL345) to detect impact force and impact velocity. The first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4 are rotatably connected to the detection base 1 via hinges. An angle sensor is installed at the pivot, and the plates can automatically return to their original positions after an impact.

[0033] The first and second angle sensors can be ElobauN6SAU702H2-002, TURCKRSM-RKM579-6M, or ASMPRAS2EX. They have a certain degree of vibration and shock resistance and an IP6K7 / IP6K9K protection rating.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detection seat 1 is equipped with a telescopic rod 5, and the extended end of the telescopic rod 5 is connected to the guide assembly 6; When the guide component 6 is retracted, the bottom of the guide component 6 is not lower than the bottom of the first detection plate 3.

[0035] The telescopic rod 5 is an electrically operated telescopic rod 5, and its installation does not affect the installation and fixation of the detection seat 1. The lower part of the detection seat 1 can be provided with a corresponding receiving groove for accommodating the guide assembly 6, so that the wire assembly can be retracted upwards.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the guide rod 7 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle, the protective component is arranged perpendicular to the guide rod 7, and the protective plate 9 is rotatably connected to the support frame 8.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the locking pin 14 has a first connecting cavity 15 and a second connecting cavity 16 inside. The first connecting cavity 15 has an opening on its lower side. The second connecting cavity 16 is adjacent to the driving electromagnet 11 of the connected support frame 8. The locking assembly includes a connecting magnet 17 and a locking block 18. The connecting magnet 17 is disposed inside the second connecting cavity 16. The locking block 18 is located inside the first connecting cavity 15. The connecting magnet 17 is equipped with a guide rod 19. The outer end of the guide rod 19 is equipped with a vertical guide piece 20. The locking block 18 has a parallelogram-shaped guide cavity 21 inside. The guide block is slidably disposed in the guide cavity 21. When the connecting magnet 17 moves toward the locking hole 13 under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet 11, the locking block 18 is pushed downward by the guide plate 20, so that the locking hole 13 and the locking pin 14 are locked together; when the connecting magnet 17 moves away from the locking hole 13 under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet 11, the guide plate 20 pushes the locking block 18 upward, so that the locking pin 14 and the locking hole 13 are unlocked.

[0038] When the driving electromagnet 11 is energized, the driving electromagnet 11 pushes the connecting magnet 17 to move towards the locking hole 13 through magnetic force. The guide plate 20 and the guide cavity 21 move relative to each other, causing the locking block 18 to gradually move downward until the locking block 18 is inserted into the limiting groove of the locking hole 13.

[0039] When the protective part is reset, the driving electromagnet 11 is energized in reverse, and the driving electromagnet 11 synchronously attracts the connecting magnetic block, causing the guide plate 20 to move the locking block 18 upward, thereby unlocking the two support rods 10.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, when the protective component is triggered, the protective plate 9 is released downwards, and the support rods 10 of the two support frames 8 move relative to each other and abut against each other.

[0041] In this solution, the location of the controller is set by the staff according to the actual situation during operation. The controller is used to control the electrical components used in this solution, including but not limited to sensors, motors, telescopic rods 5, water pumps, solenoid valves, heating wires, heat pumps, displays, computer input devices, switches, communication devices, lights, speakers, and microphones. The controller is an Intel processor, AMD processor, PLC controller, ARM processor, or microcontroller. It is used in conjunction with a motherboard, memory modules, storage media, and power supply. The power supply is AC power or a lithium battery. When a display screen is provided, a graphics card is also provided.

[0042] How to use: After the vehicle is started, the controller performs a self-test on the first angle sensor, the second angle sensor, and the drive electromagnet 11. The first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4 are used to detect the impact of road obstacles. When obstacles such as stones hit the first detection plate 3 and the second detection plate 4, the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor detect the impact in sequence and transmit the angle signal to the controller. The controller controls the drive electromagnet 11 to be energized, releasing the protective plate 9, and connects and locks the two support rods 10 through the locking assembly, so that the protective assembly forms a triangular protective structure.

[0043] When the first detection plate 3 detects an impact from a foreign object, the telescopic rod 5 is extended by the controller. The telescopic rod 5 pushes the wire assembly downward, causing the obstacle to move outward along the guide assembly 6, reducing the probability of the obstacle contacting the battery pack 2. If the obstacle cannot be removed in time, it continues to hit the second detection plate 4. The second detection plate 4 detects the angular rotation and transmits it to the controller. The controller triggers the protection part and releases the protection structure. The battery pack 2 is protected by multiple triangular protection structures.

[0044] When the protective structure comes into contact with an obstacle, it effectively blocks and protects the bottom of the battery pack 2, reducing the impact of the obstacle on the battery pack 2; at the same time, the tip of the protective structure can impact the obstacle, causing part of the obstacle to break after impact.

[0045] The above-described specific embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the product form and style of the above-described specific embodiments. Any new energy electric four-wheel tractor battery protection device that conforms to the claims of the present invention, and any appropriate changes or modifications made to it by those skilled in the art, shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheel tractor, comprising a detection part and a protection part, wherein the protection part is disposed at the bottom of a battery pack (2), and the detection part is disposed at the front side of the battery pack (2), characterized in that: The detection part includes a detection seat (1), and a V-shaped guide component (6) is provided at the bottom of the detection seat (1). The tip of the guide component (6) faces forward and the opening faces backward. The protection part includes two guide rods (7) and several protection components. The protection components include two support frames (8) and two protective plates (9). The support frames (8) are horizontally arranged between the two guide rods (7). The protective plates (9) are arranged between the two support frames (8) and are rotatably connected. The support frames (8) are equipped with a drive component. When the detection part detects an impact, the drive component triggers the protective plate (9) to rotate downward on the side away from the support frame (8), so that the protective plate (9) and the support frame (8) form a triangular protective structure.

2. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support rods (10) are arranged on opposite sides of the two support frames (8). When the protective plate (9) is set horizontally, the end of the support rod (10) away from the support frame (8) contacts the upper surface of the protective plate (9). The driving assembly includes a driving electromagnet (11) and a trigger rod (12). The support frame (8) has an internal cavity, and the support rod (10) has an internal trigger channel. The cavity is used to accommodate the driving electromagnet (11). One end of the trigger rod (12) is connected to the driving electromagnet (11). The trigger rod (12) is located in the trigger channel. The two driving electromagnets (11) are magnetically attracted to each other. The trigger rod (12) pushes the protective plate (9) to rotate downward.

3. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ends of the two support rods (10) arranged opposite to each other are respectively provided with locking holes (13) and locking components, and the lower side of the inner side of the locking hole (13) is provided with a limiting groove; The locking assembly includes a locking pin (14), and a locking element is provided inside the locking pin (14). The limiting groove is used to accommodate the locking element. When the driving electromagnet (11) is energized, the locking element is pushed outward by magnetic force and enters the limiting groove.

4. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first detection plate (3) is arranged on the front side of the detection seat (1), and a second detection plate (4) is arranged on the rear side of the detection seat (1). The first detection plate (3) and the second detection plate (4) are rotatably connected to the detection seat (1). A first angle sensor and a second angle sensor are respectively arranged between the first detection plate (3) and the detection seat (1) and between the second detection plate (4) and the detection seat (1). When the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor detect the angle rotation in sequence, the protective part is released. The lower ends of the first detection plate (3) and the second detection plate (4) are both tilted toward the rear of the vehicle.

5. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection seat (1) is equipped with a telescopic rod (5), and the extended end of the telescopic rod (5) is connected to the guide assembly (6); When the guide component (6) is retracted, the bottom of the guide component (6) is not lower than the bottom of the first detection plate (3).

6. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod (7) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the vehicle, the protective component is arranged perpendicular to the guide rod (7), and the protective plate (9) is rotatably connected to the support frame (8).

7. The battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking pin (14) has a first connecting cavity (15) and a second connecting cavity (16) inside. The first connecting cavity (15) has an opening on its lower side. The second connecting cavity (16) is adjacent to the driving electromagnet (11) of the connected support frame (8). The locking assembly includes a connecting magnet (17) and a locking block (18). The connecting magnet (17) is disposed inside the second connecting cavity (16). The locking block (18) is located inside the first connecting cavity (15). The connecting magnet (17) is equipped with a guide rod (19). The outer end of the guide rod (19) is equipped with a vertical guide piece (20). The locking block (18) has a parallelogram-shaped guide cavity (21) inside. The guide block is slidably disposed in the guide cavity (21). When the connecting magnet (17) moves toward the locking hole (13) under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet (11), the locking block (18) is pushed downward by the guide plate (20) to limit and lock the locking hole (13) and the locking pin (14); when the connecting magnet (17) moves away from the locking hole (13) under the magnetic force of the driving electromagnet (11), the guide plate (20) pushes the locking block (18) upward to release the locking pin (14) and the locking hole (13).

8. A battery protection device for a new energy electric four-wheeled tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the protective component is triggered, the protective plate (9) is released downwards, and the support rods (10) of the two support frames (8) move relative to each other and abut against each other.

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