Lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance on Fe / Cu friction pair, preparation method of lubricating additive, liquid lubricating system and application of liquid lubricating system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating materials, and provides a lubricating additive with self-adaptability to a Fe / Cu friction pair, a preparation method of the lubricating additive, a liquid lubricating system and application of the liquid lubricating system. The lubricating additive with the self-adaptive performance on the Fe / Cu friction pair has a structure shown in the following formula, wherein n ranges from 10 to 12. In the lubricating additive, benzotriazole is easily adsorbed on the surface of Cu and forms a protective film, and carboxylic acid groups are easily adsorbed on the surface of Fe and generate a stable protective layer. According to the lubricating additive, the friction coefficient and the abrasion degree of a Fe / Cu friction pair are remarkably reduced by forming a dual-protection film, and the lubricating performance is improved. And meanwhile, the alkyl chain length is set to be 11-13, so that the lubricating property of the lubricating additive is positively influenced. In addition, the lubricating additive can be self-adaptively adjusted under different friction conditions, and shows excellent tribological performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lubricating materials, and particularly relates to a lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pairs, a preparation method thereof, a liquid lubricating system and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application of lubricating technology in modern mechanical equipment is crucial, especially in improving energy utilization efficiency, reducing friction and wear, and prolonging the service life of equipment. However, in the face of complex and changing working environments and extreme friction conditions, existing lubricating additives often cannot respond and adjust their performance in time, resulting in unsatisfactory lubrication effect of the friction pairs. Especially in the lubrication of Fe / Cu friction pairs, traditional lubricating oils and additives often face problems such as high friction coefficient and severe wear, and new type of lubricating additives need to be developed to improve their tribological properties and meet the demand of high-efficiency lubrication in the industrial field.

[0003] Most of the currently marketed lubricating additives have a single function, such as anti-wear agents, friction-reducing agents, extreme pressure agents, etc. These additives can usually only solve a single lubrication problem and are difficult to meet multiple performance requirements. Especially for Fe / Cu friction pairs, the lubrication effect of traditional additives is often limited by their inability to adaptively adjust under different friction conditions, and the stability of the protective film and the wear resistance provided by the traditional additives are poor. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pairs, a preparation method thereof, a liquid lubricating system and application thereof. The lubricating additive provided by the present application can form a double protective film on the surface of the Fe / Cu friction pair, which can significantly reduce the friction coefficient and reduce wear, and exhibit excellent self-adaptive performance under different friction conditions.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pairs, which has the structure shown in Formula I:

[0007]

[0008] In Formula I, the value of n is in the range of 10-12.

[0009] The present application also provides a preparation method of the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pairs as described in the above technical solutions, which comprises the following steps:

[0010] The benzotriazole, alkyl acid and organic solvent are mixed to perform an addition reaction to obtain the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pair.

[0011] The alkyl acid has a structural formula of CH3(CH2) n COOH, and n is 10-12.

[0012] Preferably, the molar ratio of the benzotriazole and alkyl acid is 1:1.1-1.2.

[0013] Preferably, the organic solvent includes one or more of ethanol, methanol and n-hexane.

[0014] Preferably, the addition reaction is performed under reflux conditions, the temperature of the addition reaction is 70-90 DEG C, and the time is 24-36 h.

[0015] Preferably, after the addition reaction, the obtained addition reaction liquid is subjected to rotary evaporation to obtain a solid product, and the solid product is sequentially subjected to washing and drying to obtain the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pair.

[0016] Preferably, the washing mode is flushing, the washing reagent is anhydrous ethanol, the drying is vacuum drying, the temperature of the vacuum drying is 25-35 DEG C, the pressure is -100 to -80 kPa, and the time is 24 h.

[0017] The application further provides a liquid lubricating system, which includes the following components in mass percentage:

[0018] 95-99% of base oil and 1-5% of additive;

[0019] The additive is the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pair as described in the above technical solution or the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pair prepared by the preparation method as described in the above technical solution.

[0020] Preferably, the base oil includes PEG200 and / or PEG400.

[0021] The application further provides application of the liquid lubricating system as described in the above technical solution in the field of Fe / Cu friction pair lubrication.

[0022] The application provides a lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for Fe / Cu friction pair.

[0023] The lubricating additive provided by the application is a small molecule lubricating oil additive, which contains benzotriazole and carboxylic acid groups in the structure and can form a self-adaptive protective film on the surface of the Fe / Cu friction pair. Benzotriazole is easy to adsorb on the Cu surface and form a protective film, while the carboxylic acid group is easy to adsorb on the Fe surface and form a stable protective layer. The lubricating additive can significantly reduce the friction coefficient and wear degree of the Fe / Cu friction pair and improve the lubricating performance by forming a double protective film. At the same time, the alkyl chain length of 11-13 has a positive effect on the lubricating performance of the lubricating additive. In addition, the lubricating additive can self-adaptively adjust under different friction conditions and exhibit excellent tribological performance.

[0024] The application further provides a preparation method of the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for the Fe / Cu friction pair, and the preparation method is simple, the raw materials are green and non-toxic, and has a broad application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance for the Fe / Cu friction pair obtained in Example 1 is shown in the following figure.

[0026] Figure 2 The load capacity test results of the liquid lubricants obtained by applying Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in Test Example 2 are shown in the following table.

[0027] Figure 3 The load capacity test results of the liquid lubricants obtained by applying Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in Test Example 4 are shown in the following table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The application provides a lubricating additive with self-adaptive performance, which has the structure shown in Formula I.

[0029]

[0030] In Formula I, the value of n is 10-12.

[0031] In the application, the value of n in Formula I is preferably 10, 11 or 12.

[0032] The lubricating additive provided by this invention, exhibiting adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs, is a small-molecule lubricating oil additive. Its structure simultaneously contains benzotriazole and carboxylic acid groups, enabling it to form an adaptive protective film on the Fe / Cu friction pair surface. Benzotriazole readily adsorbs on the Cu surface to form a protective film, while the carboxylic acid groups readily adsorb on the Fe surface to generate a stable protective layer. This lubricating additive significantly reduces the coefficient of friction and wear of the Fe / Cu friction pair by forming a dual protective film, thereby improving lubrication performance. Furthermore, the lubricating additive can adaptively adjust under different friction conditions, exhibiting excellent tribological properties. In addition, the lubricating additive of this invention is halogen-free, environmentally friendly, and suitable for various industrial lubrication scenarios, showing broad application prospects.

[0033] This invention also provides a method for preparing the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs as described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0034] A mixture of benzotriazole, alkyl acid, and organic solvent is subjected to an addition reaction to obtain the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair.

[0035] The structural formula of the alkyl acid is: CH3(CH2) n COOH.

[0036] In this invention, the structural formula of the alkyl acid is: CH3(CH2) n COOH, where n ranges from 10 to 12. In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the alkyl acid is preferably lauric acid, i.e., dodecanoic acid.

[0037] In this invention, the molar ratio of benzotriazole to alkyl acid is preferably 1:1.1 to 1.2, and more preferably 1:1.1 or 1:1.2.

[0038] In this invention, the organic solvent preferably includes one or more of ethanol, methanol and n-hexane, and more preferably ethanol.

[0039] In this invention, the addition reaction is preferably carried out under reflux conditions, and the temperature of the addition reaction is preferably 70–90°C, specifically 70°C, 80°C, or 90°C; the time is preferably 24–36 hours, specifically 24 hours, 30 hours, or 36 hours. In this invention, the addition reaction is preferably carried out under oil bath and magnetic stirring conditions.

[0040] Following the addition reaction, the present invention preferably further includes: rotary evaporating the obtained addition reaction solution to obtain a solid product; and washing and drying the solid product sequentially to obtain the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair.

[0041] In this invention, the washing reagent is preferably anhydrous ethanol. The washing method is preferably rinsing, and the rinsing is preferably performed three times. The drying method is preferably vacuum drying, with the vacuum drying temperature preferably between 25 and 35°C, more preferably 30°C, the pressure preferably between -100 and -80 kPa, specifically -100 kPa, -90 kPa, or -80 kPa; and the time preferably 24 hours.

[0042] The preparation method of the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs provided by the present invention is simple, the raw materials are green and non-toxic, and it has broad application prospects.

[0043] The present invention also provides a liquid lubrication system comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0044] Base oil 95-99%, additives 1-5%;

[0045] The additive is either the adaptive lubricating additive for Fe / Cu friction pairs described in the above technical solution or the adaptive lubricating additive for Fe / Cu friction pairs prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0046] The liquid lubrication system provided by the present invention comprises 95-99% base oil by weight percentage, preferably 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98.4%, or 99%. In the present invention, the base oil preferably comprises PEG200 and / or PEG400.

[0047] The liquid lubrication system provided by this invention comprises 1-5% additives by weight percentage, preferably 1%, 1.6%, 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5%. In this invention, the additives are either the adaptive lubricating additives for Fe / Cu friction pairs described in the above-described technical solutions or the adaptive lubricating additives for Fe / Cu friction pairs prepared by the preparation method described in the above-described technical solutions.

[0048] In this invention, the method for preparing the liquid lubrication system preferably includes the following steps:

[0049] The base oil and additives are stirred and mixed to obtain the liquid lubrication system.

[0050] In this invention, the stirring and mixing temperature is preferably 60-80°C, specifically 60°C, 70°C or 80°C; the mixing time is preferably 30 min.

[0051] After the stirring and mixing, the present invention preferably further includes cooling to room temperature to obtain the liquid lubrication system.

[0052] The present invention also provides the application of the liquid lubrication system described above in the field of Fe / Cu friction pair lubrication.

[0053] The present invention does not impose specific limitations on the application of the liquid lubrication system; any application method known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0054] The following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, illustrates the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs provided by the present invention, its preparation method, liquid lubrication system, and its application. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] 11.91 g (0.1 mol) of benzotriazole, 22.04 g (0.11 mol) of lauric acid, and 200 mL of anhydrous ethanol were mixed in a round-bottom flask. The flask was placed in an 80°C oil bath with a water condenser and reacted for 24 h under magnetic stirring. The resulting liquid was rotary evaporated to obtain a solid product. The solid product was washed with anhydrous ethanol and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 30°C and -80 kPa for 24 h to obtain the final product, a lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs.

[0057] The lubricating additive prepared in Example 1 was characterized by NMR, and the results are shown in the figure. Figure 1 . Figure 1 The image shows the 1H NMR spectrum of the obtained lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair. Figure 1 It can be demonstrated that a lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs has been successfully synthesized.

[0058] Application Example 1

[0059] Preparation of liquid lubricants:

[0060] 0.16g of the lubricating additive obtained in Example 1 was added to 9.84g of base oil PEG200 and stirred at 80°C until completely dissolved to obtain a liquid lubricant (denoted as A1) with a molar mass concentration of 0.05 mmol / g.

[0061] Application Comparative Example 1

[0062] Base oil PEG200 was used as a control solution.

[0063] Application Comparative Example 2

[0064] A benzotriazole lubricant with a molar concentration of 0.1 mmol / g was used as Comparative Example 2 (denoted as A2).

[0065] Application Comparative Example 3

[0066] Lauric acid lubricant with a molar mass concentration of 0.1 mmol / g was used as Comparative Example 3 (denoted as A3).

[0067] Test Example 1

[0068] Friction coefficient test: The tribological properties of the liquid lubricant A1 described in Application Example 1 and the lubricants described in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were evaluated using an SRV-IV micro-vibration tribological testing machine manufactured by Optimol Grease GmbH, Germany. The test conditions were: load 30 N, temperature 25 °C, frequency 25 Hz, amplitude 1 mm, and test time 30 min. The upper test ball was a 10 mm diameter GCr15 steel ball, and the lower sample was a 24 mm diameter Cu block.

[0069] The coefficients of friction are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1. Average coefficients of friction of the lubricant in Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0071] Type Application Comparative Example 1 Application Example 1 Application Comparative Example 2 Application Comparative Example 3 Average coefficient of friction 0.1704 0.0964 0.0852 0.1255

[0072] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with the base oil PEG200, the friction coefficient of the liquid lubrication system A1 containing the lubricating additive of the present invention with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair is significantly reduced, indicating that the lubricating additive of the present invention with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair has excellent friction reduction properties.

[0073] Test Example 2

[0074] Load-bearing capacity test: The load-bearing capacity of the liquid lubricant A1 described in Application Case 1 and the lubricants described in Application Comparative Case 1, Application Comparative Case 2 and Application Comparative Case 3 were tested. The test conditions were: load 10-310N (increasing by 25N every two minutes), frequency 25Hz, amplitude 1mm, temperature 25℃. The upper test ball was a GCr15 steel ball with a diameter of 10mm, and the lower sample was a Cu block with a diameter of 24mm.

[0075] The test results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2 , Figure 2 The load-carrying capacity test results are for the liquid lubricants obtained in Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

[0076] Table 2. Average coefficient of friction of liquid lubricants in load-bearing capacity tests in Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0077] Type Application Comparative Example 1 Application Example 1 Application Comparative Example 2 Application Comparative Example 3 Average coefficient of friction 0.1993 0.1063 0.1530 0.1258

[0078] According to Table 2 and Figure 2The results show that the liquid lubrication system provided by this invention has significantly improved load-bearing capacity compared with the base oil, and its anti-wear and friction-reducing performance is far superior to that of the base oil PEG200.

[0079] Test Example 3

[0080] Friction coefficient test: The tribological properties of the liquid lubricant A1 described in Application Example 1 and the lubricants described in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were evaluated using an SRV-IV micro-vibration tribological testing machine manufactured by Optimol Grease GmbH, Germany. The test conditions were: load 200 N, temperature 25 °C, frequency 25 Hz, amplitude 1 mm, and test time 30 min. The upper test ball was a 10 mm diameter GCr15 steel ball, and the lower sample was a 24 mm diameter Fe block.

[0081] The obtained average friction coefficients are shown in Table 3.

[0082] Table 3 shows the average coefficient of friction of the liquid lubricant in Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0083] Type Application Comparative Example 1 Application Example 1 Application Comparative Example 2 Application Comparative Example 3 Average coefficient of friction 0.1529 0.1169 0.1559 0.1173

[0084] As can be seen from the data in Table 3, compared with the base oil PEG200, the friction coefficient of the liquid lubrication system A1 containing the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair is significantly reduced, indicating that the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair provided by the present invention also has excellent friction reduction properties for the Fe / Fe friction pair.

[0085] Test Example 4

[0086] Load-bearing capacity test: The load-bearing capacity of the liquid lubricant A1 described in Case 1 and the lubricants described in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were tested. Test conditions: the load was increased by 50N every two minutes until the lubricant failed and the friction machine was stopped, the frequency was 25Hz, the amplitude was 1mm, and the temperature was 25℃. The upper test ball was a GCr15 steel ball with a diameter of 10mm, and the lower sample was an Fe block with a diameter of 24mm.

[0087] The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 The results of the load-carrying capacity test of the liquid lubricant obtained from Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown.

[0088] Table 4 shows the average coefficient of friction of the liquid lubricant obtained from Application Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0089] Type Application Comparative Example 1 Application Example 1 Application Comparative Example 2 Application Comparative Example 3 Bearing capacity (N) 150 600 150 600

[0090] The above results indicate that the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs provided by this invention exhibits excellent lubrication performance in Fe / Cu friction pair lubrication systems.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs, characterized in that, It has the structure shown in Equation I: In Equation I, the value of n ranges from 10 to 12.

2. The method for preparing the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A mixture of benzotriazole, alkyl acid, and organic solvent is subjected to an addition reaction to obtain the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair. The structural formula of the alkyl acid is: CH3(CH2) n COOH, where n ranges from 10 to 12.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of benzotriazole to alkyl acid is 1:1.1 to 1.

2.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The organic solvent includes one or more of ethanol, methanol, and n-hexane.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The addition reaction is carried out under reflux conditions at a temperature of 70–90°C for a time of 24–36 h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that, The addition reaction further includes: rotary evaporating the resulting addition reaction solution to obtain a solid product; and washing and drying the solid product sequentially to obtain the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for the Fe / Cu friction pair.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The washing method is rinsing, and the washing reagent is anhydrous ethanol; the drying method is vacuum drying, and the vacuum drying temperature is 25-35℃, the pressure is -100--80kPa, and the time is 24h.

8. A liquid lubrication system, characterized in that, Includes the following components by mass percentage: Base oil 95-99%, additives 1-5%; The additive is the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs as described in claim 1, or the lubricating additive with adaptive properties for Fe / Cu friction pairs prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 2 to 7.

9. The liquid lubrication system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base oil includes PEG200 and / or PEG400.

10. The application of the liquid lubrication system according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in the field of Fe / Cu friction pair lubrication.

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