An odor receptor-derived peptide and biosensor capable of effectively monitoring sex pheromone of spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract

The application discloses an odor receptor derivative peptide capable of effectively monitoring sex pheromone of Spodoptera frugiperda and a biosensor, and belongs to the field of biosensors. At present, the monitoring of Spodoptera frugiperda is usually performed by means of sample plot investigation, sex lures and the like, and problems of poor timeliness, high labor cost and insufficient data continuity exist. In order to solve the above problems, the pheromone binding protein derivative peptide provided by the application has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, the biosensor comprises a substrate and an interdigital electrode, single-walled carbon nanotubes are attached to the electrode, and the odor receptor derivative peptide is further connected. The sensor can specifically detect the sex pheromone of Spodoptera frugiperda and has no response to 17 kinds of plant volatiles, and can detect the sex pheromone released by as low as two live female Spodoptera frugiperda under laboratory conditions. The sensor has application potential in the fields of early-stage pest monitoring, improvement of prevention and control efficiency and guarantee of ecological safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an odor receptor-derived peptide and a biosensor that can effectively monitor the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm. It belongs to the field of biosensors and can be applied to early dynamic monitoring and pest warning of fall armyworm populations in agriculture and forestry. Background Technology

[0002] The fall armyworm is a devastating agricultural pest originating in the Americas, posing a significant threat to global food security. As an omnivorous pest, its host range covers more than 350 plant species, with a particular preference for gramineous crops such as corn and rice. A single female can lay nearly 1,000 eggs and possesses an extremely strong migratory ability, with a single migration distance exceeding 150 kilometers.

[0003] Early monitoring and dynamic understanding of the fall armyworm population are crucial for curbing outbreaks and are a core prerequisite for scientific control. Currently used monitoring methods include plot surveys, field sampling, and sex pheromone trap monitoring. While these methods have some effectiveness, they generally suffer from drawbacks such as poor timeliness, high labor costs, and insufficient data continuity, making them unsuitable for rapid response control needs. Therefore, developing low-cost, high-sensitivity, real-time monitoring technologies and constructing a multi-source data fusion monitoring system is of great significance for improving the efficiency of fall armyworm control, ensuring food and ecological security, and providing innovative technological pathways for integrated pest management.

[0004] Biosensors are widely used in gas detection. While traditional sensing materials such as metal oxides, carbon-based materials, and conductive polymers can detect a variety of gases, their selectivity is generally insufficient. In recent years, sensing materials based on insect olfactory proteins and their derived peptides have become a hot topic in biosensor research due to their high specificity. Among them, odorant receptors (ORs) are key proteins for insect sex pheromones, and the olfactory signaling pathways they mediate can convert chemical signals into electrical signals, guiding insect behavior. However, intact odorant receptors need to function in a liquid environment, which limits their application in the detection of gaseous pheromones.

[0005] Odor receptor-derived peptides (ORPs) are short peptide fragments containing odor receptor ligand binding sites, offering advantages such as stability in air, low preparation cost, and direct detection of gaseous substances. Previous studies have utilized odor receptor-derived peptides from insects such as locusts and fall armyworms to develop highly sensitive sensors; however, odor receptor-derived peptides targeting the sex pheromones of fall armyworms and related biosensors have not yet been reported.

[0006] The main component of the fall armyworm sex pheromone is (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac), and SfruOR13 has been identified as the key odorant receptor for recognizing Z9-14:Ac. Based on the specific binding mechanism between the receptor and the sex pheromone, targeted odorant receptor-derived peptides were designed and synthesized to construct a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. This can fill the gap in real-time monitoring technology for fall armyworm and provide a key tool for early warning of pests. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide an odor receptor-derived peptide of the fall armyworm, characterized in that the amino acid sequence of the odor receptor-derived peptide is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a biosensor including an interdigitated electrode on which a single-walled carbon nanotube is firmly attached, characterized in that: it further includes an odor receptor-derived peptide connected to the single-walled carbon nanotube, the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID NO: 5.

[0009] Furthermore, the interdigitated electrodes consist of 14 pairs of gold electrodes with an electrode width of 5 μm, an electrode spacing of 0.18 mm, an electrode thickness of 5 μm, an Al2O3 substrate, and device dimensions of 10 mm × 20 mm × 1 mm.

[0010] The present invention also provides an electronic device for detecting the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm, including the biosensor described above.

[0011] Advantages and benefits of the present invention: The odorant receptor-derived peptide sensor of the present invention can sensitively and specifically detect changes in the concentration of sex pheromones of fall armyworm, and has the ability to monitor female fall armyworms in real time. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This embodiment provides a schematic diagram and flowchart of the design of fall armyworm pheromone odor receptor-derived peptides.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a response diagram of the ORP sensor provided in this embodiment to the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm:

[0014] a: A graph showing no response of an unmodified ORP sensor to sex pheromones;

[0015] b: Response diagram of a sensor modified with ORP5 to sex pheromones;

[0016] c: Dose-dependent response curve of the ORP5-modified sensor to sex pheromones;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the effects of the ORP5 sensor provided in this embodiment on the selectivity, stability, and temperature and humidity of the fall armyworm sex pheromone:

[0018] a: Selectivity of the ORP5 sensor for sex pheromones (concentration of all substances is 500 ppb);

[0019] b: Specific selectivity diagram of sex pheromones by the ORP5 sensor (concentrations of sex pheromones Z9-14: OAc, trans-2-hexen-1-aldehyde and citronellol are 500, 100 and 50 ppb, respectively).

[0020] c: Operational stability diagram of the ORP5 sensor in response to sex pheromones at a concentration of 10 ppb;

[0021] d: Storage stability plot of the ORP5 sensor response to sex pheromones at a concentration of 500 ppb;

[0022] e: Effect of ORP5 sensor on the response of sex pheromones at a concentration of 500 ppb at different temperatures;

[0023] f: Effect of ORP5 sensor on the response of sex pheromone at a concentration of 500 ppb under different humidity conditions;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a response diagram of the ORP sensor provided in this embodiment to the sex pheromones released by live fall armyworms:

[0025] a: Unmodified ORP sensor shows no response to sex pheromones released by 20 female fall armyworms;

[0026] b: Response diagram of the ORP5 sensor to sex pheromones released by 2, 5, 10, 20 female and 20 male fall armyworms. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The invention will be further explained below with reference to examples:

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Experimental materials and methods for preparing odor receptor-derived peptide sensors

[0030] 1. Construction of the tertiary structure of the odor receptor SfruOR13 in the fall armyworm

[0031] The coding region sequence of SfruOR13, the odor receptor that identifies the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm, was obtained based on previously reported studies. The transmembrane domains (TMDs) of SfruOR13 were predicted using the online platform DEEPTHM (https: / / dtu.biolib.com / DeepTMHMM / ). To construct the tertiary structure of the transmembrane domains, a 40-amino acid (40-aa) polypeptide sequence was selected, starting 10 amino acids upstream of the start site of each transmembrane domain. Subsequently, sequence searching and alignment were performed using the SWISS-MODEL online server (https: / / swissmodel.expasy.org / ) to obtain the tertiary structures of SfruOR13 and its respective transmembrane domains. The complete coding region amino acid sequence in FASTA format is shown below:

[0032] >SfruOR13

[0033] MDDIKLSTVKIFSDGSDLEGIEKVENILYLRILKKIMWVIDGWPKEPNKRQIFRYYICILDMLSLVPGSLYLVIYTGKIPSVELGHSYITVFMNAIAALRTVLVLTKEYN AIVLYFLKEVHLFNFRRKSDYAYETHILVHKISHFFTMYVFMLMCCGILLFNLTPIYNSYAAGMFRDERPANASFDYAVFFALPFDTATNFKGYVVVSLYNWYISITCST YFCIIDLTIFIMVFHLWGHMRVLSYNLENFPKPASVLAAADDGSAYTLCENKYNEEEQVEVFIRLRDCIQIHSLVINFSSMMADSFGWTLLVYLFFHQVSGCLLLLECSQ LDTAALMRYGPLTIIIFQQLIQLSIIFELLGSSNDRLVDSVYSVPWEYMNTANRKNVFVMLRQTHRSMNLKACSMVTVGVQTMITILKTSFSYFVMLRTVADEEE-(SEQ ID NO: 7)

[0034] 2. Predicting the binding site of the odor receptor SfruOR13 for recognizing the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm and designing ORP sequences.

[0035] Molecular docking was performed using Discovery Studio 2019 (DS2019) to predict ligand binding sites. First, the sex pheromone molecule cis-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (Z9-14:OAc (CAS No.: 16725-53-4) was mapped using the "Skeching" function in DS2019. Ligand binding sites were predicted using the "cDOCKER" function in DS2019, defining full-length receptors or transmembrane domains as receptors. For full-length receptors, active pockets were automatically identified from the receptor cavity, and site 1 was selected for further molecular docking; for individual transmembrane domains, the entire transmembrane domain was defined as the active pocket. The conformational clustering radius was set to 0.5, and the docking process was repeated to integrate all predicted ligand binding sites for subsequent analysis. The docking results were visualized using PyMOL 2.6 software. Based on the predicted ligand binding sites, polypeptide sequences of 7-11 amino acids (aa) in length containing adjacent ligand binding sites were selected as odorant receptor-derived peptides (ORPs). To achieve binding with carbon nanotubes, a cysteine ​​(Cys, C) residue was added to the N-terminus of each ORP.

[0036] We used two molecular docking methods (i.e., using separate functional domains—transmembrane domains (TMDs) and intact receptors) to predict the binding sites for SfruOR13 to recognize two sex pheromones from the fall armyworm.

[0037] For SfruOR13, six transmembrane domains were predicted, named SfruOR13-TMD1, TMD2, TMD3, TMD4, TMD5, and TMD6. SfruOR13-TMD1 recognizes the binding sites for Z9-14:OAc at Met62 and Leu65, both of which exhibit alkyl (Alkyl) interactions with interatomic distances of 4.2 Å (Met62) and 4.2 Å (Leu65), respectively. Figure 1 SfruOR13-TMD5 recognizes the binding sites of Z9-14:OAc as His317, Ser320, Gly321, and Leu323, involving three interaction types: conventional hydrogen bond, carbon hydrogen bond, and alkyl interaction. Specifically: 1 conventional hydrogen bond (interatomic distance: 2.2 Å, His317); 2 carbon hydrogen bonds (interatomic distance: Ser320 2.5 Å, Gly321 2.6 Å); 1 alkyl interaction (interatomic distance: 4.3 Å, Leu323) Figure 1 ).

[0038] The modeling template for SfruOR13 was the odorant receptor with PDB ID: T1NXB8.1.A, achieving a sequence identity of 90.07%. Ten conformations were generated per docking experiment. SfruOR13 predicted five binding sites for Z9-14:OAc: Met93, Val189, Cys218, Ser219, and Gln349. These binding interactions involved two types of intermolecular interactions: conventional hydrogen bonding and alkyl interactions. Specifically: two conventional hydrogen bonds with interatomic distances of 1.9 Å (Ser219) and 2.3 Å (Gln349); and three alkyl interactions with interatomic distances of 5.2 Å (Met93), 4.4 Å (Val189), and 4.4 Å (Cys218).

[0039] Based on the predicted ligand binding sites, peptide sequences of 7-11 amino acids containing adjacent ligand binding sites were selected as odorant receptor-derived peptides (ORPs). Based on these ligand binding site results, a total of 6 ORPs were designed, with the specific binding sites and sequences being CLDMLSLVP (ORP1, SEQ ID NO: 1), CFFHQVSGCLLL (ORP2, SEQ ID NO: 2), CTVFMNAI (ORP3, SEQ ID NO: 3), CDYAVFFA (ORP4, SEQ ID NO: 4), CSITCCSTYF (ORP5, SEQ ID NO: 5), and CIFQQLIQ (ORP6, SEQ ID NO: 6).

[0040] 3. Preparation of ORP

[0041] Cysteine ​​(C) residues were added to the N-terminus of the designed ORPs to achieve chemical linkage between the peptide and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) (Steglich esterification (SER) and natural chemical linkage (NCL)). The synthesized ORP sequences are as follows: CLDMLSLVP (ORP1, SEQ ID NO: 1), CFFHQVSGCLLL (ORP2, SEQ ID NO: 2), CTVFMNAI (ORP3, SEQ ID NO: 3), CDYAVFFA (ORP4, SEQ ID NO: 4), CSITCSTTYF (ORP5, SEQ ID NO: 5), and CIFQQLIQ (ORP6, SEQ ID NO: 6). The ORPs were synthesized by Hangzhou Zhuntai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang, China). The synthesized ORPs were stored in a refrigerator at a stable temperature of -20 °C. The ORPs were dissolved in distilled water to a concentration of 0.01 mg / L for SWCNT linkage.

[0042] 4. Preparation of gas samples

[0043] Cis-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (Z9-14:OAc), nonanal, hexanal, trans-2-hexen-1-al, 1-hexanol, isoamyl acetate, citronellol, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, trans-2-penten-1-ol, cis-2-penten-1-ol, dibutyl phthalate, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, phytol, d-limonene, camphene, α-phellandrene, and pinene were purchased from Kmart Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Test gas standard samples were prepared from purchased test gas stock solutions (v / v, analytical grade). The required volume of the test gas stock solution was calculated using the following equation:

[0044]

[0045] Where V m ρ is the molar volume of the gas (24500 mL / mol at 25℃ and one standard atmosphere), ρ is the density of the experimental gas (g / mL), and V is the density of the gas. box (18000 mL) is the volume of the measuring chamber with dimensions of 30 (L) × 30 (W) × 20 (H) cm, M is the molar mass (g / mol) of the experimental gas, and C ss This refers to the concentration (v / v) of the purchased experimental gas stock solution. C ts It is the target concentration of the gas being tested, V ts (mL) is the volume of the gas storage solution required for testing. V is calculated using equation (1). ts Used to prepare gas samples. The required V is delivered using a microsyringe. ts The standard solution is transferred to a 100 mL sealed glass bottle and then evaporated. If the concentration is extremely low and the required volume of standard substance cannot be measured using a microsyringe, the evaporated standard substance can be diluted 10 times with air. To completely evaporate the standard substance in the container, the entire sealed container is placed in an oven at a temperature 10°C higher than the boiling point of the target substance. After the solution has completely evaporated, the gas in the bottle is extracted and pumped into the test chamber using a 100 mL syringe.

[0046] 5. Fabrication of ORP Sensor

[0047] First, carboxylated SWCNTs were dispersed in pure ethanol and subjected to ultrasonic oscillation for 20 minutes to prepare a suspension with a concentration of 0.1 mg / mL. Then, 0.5 mL of the above carboxylated SWCNT suspension was drop-coated onto the surface of an interdigitated electrode. This interdigitated electrode used alumina (Al₂O₃) as a substrate and gold (Au) as the electrode material. Its structural parameters were as follows: 14 electrode pairs, electrode spacing of 0.18 mm, thickness of approximately 5 μm, width of 5 μm, and overall device dimensions of 10 mm × 20 mm × 1 mm. After the ethanol had completely evaporated naturally, nitrogen purging was used to remove unstable carboxylated SWCNTs from the surface of the interdigitated electrode. Next, a mixed reaction solution was prepared, comprising 0.2 M N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 0.1 M benzyl mercaptan, and 0.05 M 4-dimethylaminopyridine, with dichloromethane as the solvent. The interdigitated electrode loaded with carboxylated SWCNTs was immersed in the above mixed solution for 2 hours. Afterwards, it was transferred to a solution containing 0.01 mg / L of the derived peptide, and the reaction was continued for 48 hours using 0.05 M 4-mercaptophenol as a catalyst. This sensor uses resistance change as the detection signal; when the concentration of fall armyworm sex pheromones changes, the sensor can respond in real time and output the corresponding resistance change value.

[0048] 6. Gas detection

[0049] The sensor detects signals based on the principle of resistance change. It is placed in a sealed detection chamber, and the resistance change is monitored in real time using a DC probe (applied current 1 mA, applied voltage < 5 V) and a resistance analyzer (HPS2518, Changzhou Haierpa Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China). After the sensor baseline stabilizes, the target gas sample is injected into the detection chamber at a flow rate of approximately 100 mL / s using a syringe, and then sealed for detection. The sensor's response to the pheromone compound is calculated using the formula ΔR / R0×100%, where ΔR is the resistance change and R0 is the initial resistance value. Gas samples with different concentration gradients were prepared in the experiment, and the sensor's resistance response curve was recorded in real time through multi-cycle dynamic testing. Each test cycle includes two stages: the intake stage injects the target gas into the sealed detection chamber, and the exhaust stage introduces fresh air for purification. All test data are taken as the average ± standard deviation of three independent sensors, three repeated measurements for each sensor. The entire experiment was conducted at a constant temperature of 25℃, effectively controlling the influence of ambient temperature on sensor performance.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Odor receptor-derived peptide sensor for detecting fall armyworm sex pheromone standards

[0052] Experimental Grouping and Experimental Methods

[0053] Experimental Group 1: Response of an unmodified ORP sensor (containing only SWCNTs, gold electrodes, and an alumina substrate) to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc. Experimental Method: The real-time resistance value of the sensor was measured using a DC resistance analyzer (HPS2518, Changzhou Haierpa Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.). After the sensor resistance value stabilized, the initial resistance R0 was recorded. Subsequently, different concentrations of sex pheromones were pumped into the test chamber using a syringe. The resistance change rate ΔR / R0% (ΔR is the resistance change, R0 is the initial resistance) was used as the sensor's response parameter to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc.

[0054] Experimental Group 2: The response of a sensor modified with ORP5 to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc. Experimental method: Same as Experimental Group 1.

[0055] Experiment 3: Response of the modified ORP5 sensor to 18 substances at a concentration of 500 ppb. Experimental method: First, prepare gaseous samples of sex pheromones Z9-14: OAc, nonanal, hexanal, trans-2-hexen-1-al, 1-hexanol, isoamyl acetate, citronellal, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, trans-2-penten-1-ol, cis-2-penten-1-ol, dibutyl phthalate, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, phytol, d-limonene, camphene, α-phellandrene, and pinene. Following the experimental method of Experiment 1, measure the response of the ORP5 sensor to these 18 substances sequentially.

[0056] Experimental Group 4: The response of the ORP5-modified sensor to sex pheromones Z9-14:OAc, trans-2-hexen-1-aldehyde, and citronellol at concentrations of 500, 100, and 50 ppb. Experimental method: Same as Experimental Group 3.

[0057] Experimental Group 5: Five responses of a modified ORP5 sensor to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc. Experimental Method: The response of the same ORP5 sensor to 10 ppb of the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc was tested five times consecutively.

[0058] Experimental Group 6: Response of a modified ORP5 sensor to sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc over seven days. Experimental Method: The response of the same ORP5 sensor to 500 ppb of sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc was tested at the same time each day for seven consecutive days.

[0059] Experimental Group 7: Response of the modified ORP5 sensor to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc at different temperatures. Experimental Method: The response of the ORP5 sensor to 500 ppb of the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc was tested at 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27°C.

[0060] Experimental Group 8: Response of the modified ORP5 sensor to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc under different humidity conditions. Experimental Method: The response of the ORP5 sensor to 500 ppb of the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc was tested under 38, 39, 40, 41, and 42%RH conditions.

[0061] Experimental results

[0062] This embodiment measured the resistance changes of the sensor in response to different concentrations of fall armyworm sex pheromone samples. Eight concentration gradients (5 ppb ~ 10 ppm) of the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc were prepared, and the resistance changes of the ORP sensor in response to these pheromones were detected in real time through multi-cycle testing. The measurement cycle included both inlet and outlet states. In the inlet state, the sex pheromone gas was filled into a sealed test chamber, and then purified with fresh air to achieve the outlet state. The results showed that when exposed to different concentrations of Z9-14:OAc, the resistance of the unmodified ORP sensor (containing only SWCNT, gold electrode, and alumina substrate) did not change, indicating that the original SWCNT, gold electrode, and alumina substrate did not respond to Z9-14:OAc. Figure 2 (a), Experimental Group 1). Among them, the sensor modified with ORP5 showed a significant response to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc, while the sensors modified with ORP1-4 and ORP6 showed no response to Z9-14:OAc. The limit of detection (LOD) of the ORP5 sensor for Z9-14:OAc was 10 ppb (…). Figure 2 (b), Experimental group 2), detection range is 10 ppb~1 ppm ( Figure 2 (c) This phenomenon may be related to the fact that the two oxygen atoms in the ester group (-COO-) of the Z9-14:OAc molecule contain a total of 4 lone pairs of electrons (2 pairs for each oxygen atom). When the pheromone molecule binds to ORP5, these electrons fill the holes in the p-type semiconductor SWCNT, resulting in a decrease in carrier concentration and thus an increase in the sensor resistance.

[0063] Secondly, the selectivity of the ORP5 sensor was evaluated by detecting its response to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc and 17 host plant volatiles. The tested plant volatiles included nonanal, hexanal, trans-2-hexen-1-al, 1-hexanol, isoamyl acetate, citronellal, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, trans-2-penten-1-ol, cis-2-penten-1-ol, dibutyl phthalate, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, phytol, d-limonene, camphene, α-phellandrene, and pinene. The results showed that at a concentration of 500 ppb, the ORP5 sensor only responded to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc, trans-2-hexen-1-al, and citronellal, and did not respond to the remaining 15 host plant volatiles. Figure 3 (a), Experimental group 3); showed a response to sex pheromones Z9-14:OAc and trans-2-hexen-1-aldehyde at a concentration of 100 ppb; and a response to sex pheromones Z9-14:OAc and trans-2-hexen-1-aldehyde at a concentration of 50 ppb. Figure 3 (b), Experimental group 4), the ORP5 sensor only showed a response to the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc. Figure 3 (b), Experimental group 4), shows that the ORP5 sensor has excellent specificity for the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc.

[0064] Finally, the storage stability and operational stability of the ORP5 sensor were evaluated through experiments. Figure 3 (c), (d), Experimental groups 5 and 6): In the storage stability test of the same concentration of pheromone over 7 days, and in the operational stability test of 5 consecutive cycles, the sensor's response amplitude showed only slight fluctuations, indicating that the sensor's performance was stable. The effects of humidity and temperature on the ORP5 sensor were then further investigated. Figure 3 (e), (f), Experimental groups 7 and 8) show that changes in relative humidity and temperature only have a slight monotonic effect on the sensor's resistance change rate (without significant fluctuations), indicating that the sensor has a certain degree of adaptability to changes in environmental temperature and humidity.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The ORP5 sensor detects sex pheromones released by live female fall armyworms.

[0067] Experimental Grouping and Experimental Methods

[0068] Experimental Group 9: Response of an unmodified ORP sensor to sex pheromones released by live female fall armyworms. Experimental Method: First, the unmodified ORP sensor was continuously tested in the air for 0.5 hours, and then 20 female moths were placed in the test chamber for continuous testing.

[0069] Experimental Group 10: Response of the ORP5-modified sensor to sex pheromones released by live fall armyworms. Experimental Method: First, the ORP5-modified sensor was continuously tested in the air for 0.5 hours. Then, 2, 5, 10, and 20 female moths, and 20 male moths, were placed in the test chamber for continuous testing.

[0070] Experimental results

[0071] To elucidate the potential of the ORP sensor in field applications, we tested its response to the release of sex pheromones from female fall armyworms two days after emergence. The results showed that the unmodified ORP sensor did not respond to 20 female fall armyworms. Figure 4(a), Experimental Group 9), further confirms that the sensor substrate (carbon nanotubes and electrodes) itself does not respond to moths. Furthermore, the sensor did not produce a significant signal in response to male fall armyworms. Figure 4 (b), Experimental group 10), which revealed two key conclusions: (1) Male fall armyworms do not release the sex pheromone Z9-14:OAc; (2) Other substances released by male fall armyworms do not interfere with the sensor. In contrast, the ORP5 sensor showed a significant response to female fall armyworms, and could detect as few as 2 female individuals; as the number of female adults increased, the amplitude of the sensor's resistance change increased significantly ( Figure 4 (b), Experimental group 10). The results show that the ORP5 sensor has excellent real-time response, stability, high sensitivity and high specificity, and has great application potential in the early monitoring of fall armyworm pests.

[0072] For the same purpose, this embodiment also provides an electronic device that includes the aforementioned sensor.

Claims

1. An odorant receptor-derived peptide from the fall armyworm, characterized in that, The amino acid sequence of the odor receptor-derived peptide is shown in SEQ ID NO:

5.

2. A biosensor comprising interdigitated electrodes, wherein single-walled carbon nanotubes are firmly attached to the interdigitated electrodes, characterized in that: It also includes odor receptor-derived peptides connected to the single-walled carbon nanotubes, the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID NO:

5.

3. The biosensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interdigitated electrodes consist of 14 pairs of gold electrodes with an electrode width of 5 μm, an electrode spacing of 0.18 mm, an electrode thickness of 5 μm, an Al2O3 substrate, and device dimensions of 10 mm × 20 mm × 1 mm.

4. An electronic device for detecting the sex pheromone of the fall armyworm, characterized in that, Including the biosensor as described in claim 2 or 3.

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