Energy-storage frequency-modulation black-start system of super-capacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage frequency modulation black start system of a super capacitor hybrid semi-solid battery. The system comprises a generator set module, an energy storage module and a background management module. The background management module is electrically connected with the generator set module; the energy storage module comprises a first energy storage sub-module, a second energy storage sub-module, an energy storage incoming line switch group and a section switch; the first energy storage sub-module comprises a first energy storage bus, a super capacitor module and a first semi-solid battery pack module; the second energy storage sub-module comprises a second energy storage bus and a second semi-solid battery pack module. According to the energy storage frequency modulation black start system constructed through the scheme, the millisecond frequency modulation response and the long-time energy support black start function can be simultaneously realized through the energy storage module; and the energy storage module is coordinated and controlled through the background management module, so that the charging and discharging power can be bidirectionally adjusted according to the real-time frequency of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system operation and control, and in particular to a black start system for energy storage and frequency regulation using a supercapacitor-semi-solid-state battery hybrid. Background Technology

[0002] Black start in power systems often relies on diesel generators or independent power sources. However, traditional lithium battery energy storage systems have high energy density but low power density and insufficient response speed, making it difficult to meet the instantaneous frequency regulation requirements to achieve the ideal K value. Semi-solid-state batteries, while possessing both high safety and energy density, have weaker dynamic response capabilities than supercapacitors. Supercapacitors have high power density but low energy density, making them unable to support long-term power supply. Conventional low-voltage energy storage systems often use a single PCS to control multiple battery clusters, failing to address the imbalance between clusters and resulting in a typical "weakest link" effect, significantly reducing the usable capacity of the energy storage system. Furthermore, conventional low-voltage energy storage systems are connected to a 6kV high-voltage bus via a step-up transformer, leading to low overall efficiency.

[0003] Existing energy storage frequency regulation black start technology suffers from start-up delay, pollution, and cost issues. It has not yet been able to simultaneously achieve millisecond-level frequency regulation response, long-term energy support for black start function, and automatic use of energy storage power to reduce grid electricity consumption and increase the economic benefits of energy storage system when gas turbine units are shut down at night. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This solution aims to provide a supercapacitor-semi-solid-state battery hybrid energy storage frequency regulation black-start system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, enabling the constructed system to simultaneously achieve millisecond-level frequency regulation response, long-term energy support for black-start function, and reduce grid electricity consumption at night, while increasing the electricity price difference revenue provided by the energy storage system.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a black-start system for energy storage and frequency regulation using a supercapacitor-semi-solid-state battery hybrid, comprising: a generator module, an energy storage module, and a back-end management module; the back-end management module is electrically connected to the generator module; the energy storage module includes a first energy storage submodule, a second energy storage submodule, an energy storage incoming line switch group, and a sectionalizing switch; the first energy storage submodule includes a first energy storage bus, a supercapacitor module, and a first semi-solid-state battery module; the second energy storage submodule includes a second energy storage bus and a second semi-solid-state battery module; wherein:

[0006] One end of the generator module is connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus respectively through the energy storage incoming line switch group;

[0007] One end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and the other end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus. The control terminal of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0008] The supercapacitor module and the first semi-solid battery pack module are respectively electrically connected to the first energy storage bus; the control terminal of the supercapacitor module is electrically connected to the background management module; the control terminal of the first semi-solid battery pack module is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0009] The second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus; the control terminal of the second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0010] When a large-scale power outage occurs in the power grid, the generator module triggers a rapid load shedding signal, which causes the background management module to control the closing of the sectionalizing switch and control the energy storage incoming switch group, thereby causing the energy storage frequency regulation black start system to enter the black start working mode.

[0011] The black start working mode includes:

[0012] The supercapacitor module is controlled by the background management module to discharge, so that the supercapacitor module generates a pulse current to activate the generator module.

[0013] The background management module controls the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to discharge, so that the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module generate stable current respectively to power the generator module.

[0014] Based on the real-time frequency of the power grid obtained by the generator module, the background management module coordinates and controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery module and the second semi-solid-state battery module based on the real-time frequency of the power grid, so that the energy storage module can perform power regulation and frequency regulation, thereby enabling the generator module to enter a stable working state.

[0015] In the above scheme, a supercapacitor-hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system is constructed through an energy storage module, a generator module, and a back-end management module. When a large-scale power outage occurs, the back-end management module controls the supercapacitor module to provide a high-power pulse current at startup, effectively starting heavy-load starting motors requiring high starting current. The back-end management module also controls the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules to provide a long-term stable current, ensuring the normal operation of critical auxiliary equipment in the generator module and creating startup conditions for the generator module. Based on the real-time grid frequency obtained from the generator module, the back-end management module coordinates and controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery module, and the second semi-solid-state battery module based on the real-time grid frequency, enabling the energy storage module to perform power and frequency regulation, effectively controlling the voltage and frequency of the local grid within a suitable range, and providing a stable power environment for subsequent connection of more loads and generator units.

[0016] Furthermore, the first semi-solid-state battery pack module includes several battery pack sub-modules, and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module includes several battery pack sub-modules; each battery pack sub-module includes a battery pack unit and a reactor; wherein:

[0017] The output terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the reactor, and the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, or the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0018] The control terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0019] In the above scheme, the control terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to the background management module, providing effective technical support for subsequent adjustment of charging and discharging according to the real-time frequency of the power grid. By setting the internal connection relationship of the several battery pack sub-modules, the first semi-solid-state battery pack module and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module can perform functions such as charging and discharging, frequency regulation, and black start on the generator module.

[0020] Furthermore, the battery pack unit includes several PCS series-connected battery clusters, which are interconnected to form a high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology; wherein, one end of the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology is grounded, and the other end is electrically connected to one end of the reactor.

[0021] In the above scheme, the plurality of PCS series battery clusters include two levels of intra-cluster batteries and PCS power units. It adopts two-level intra-cluster battery balancing technology, intra-phase PCS power unit active balancing technology, and inter-phase PCS power unit active balancing technology, which effectively improves the consistency of battery SOC, battery utilization rate and service life.

[0022] Compared with the existing ordinary low-voltage parallel structure, the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology makes the energy conversion efficiency of the battery pack unit higher, with the overall energy conversion efficiency being 5% to 10% higher than that of the existing ordinary low-voltage parallel structure. In addition, the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology adopts a voltage equalization control strategy, carrier phase-shifting PWM technology, and distributed switching harmonics to effectively reduce the total harmonic distortion rate, and effectively avoids overload of individual links by dynamically allocating link power based on SOC.

[0023] The high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology can be directly connected to the first energy storage bus or the second energy storage bus without connecting a transformer. This not only reduces the investment in transformer protection, switchgear, and other equipment required for connecting a step-up transformer, but also significantly saves manpower and resources in installation and construction due to the high single-unit capacity and fewer system sets required by the cascaded H-bridge topology. Furthermore, the cascaded system has high output voltage and low output current, requiring fewer supporting cables, thus effectively saving costs.

[0024] Furthermore, the supercapacitor module includes a supercapacitor submodule and a step-up transformer; wherein:

[0025] The output terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to one end of the step-up transformer, and the other end of the step-up transformer is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0026] The control terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0027] In the above scheme, the control terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to the background management module, providing effective technical support for subsequent adjustment of charging and discharging based on the real-time frequency of the power grid. By setting the internal connection relationship of the supercapacitor module, the supercapacitor module can perform functions such as charging and discharging, frequency regulation, and black start on the generator module.

[0028] Furthermore, the aforementioned supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system also includes:

[0029] After the generator set module enters a stable working state, the real-time frequency of the power grid is obtained based on the generator set module;

[0030] When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the charging state.

[0031] When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is not higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the discharge state.

[0032] In the above scheme, based on the acquired real-time grid frequency, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery pack module, and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module to regulate charging and discharging, enabling the energy storage frequency regulation black-start system to achieve bidirectional power storage regulation. The supercapacitor module responds to minute fluctuations in the real-time grid frequency within seconds, effectively solving the technical problems of delayed start-up and inability to output transient high power in the energy storage system. The first and second semi-solid-state battery pack modules adjust according to changes in the real-time grid frequency, stably outputting power and providing long-term voltage and frequency support for the restoration of the local grid. Furthermore, after the black start begins, since the generator module is not yet stable, the output voltage and frequency may fluctuate significantly. The energy storage module can stabilize the voltage and frequency of the local grid within a suitable range through the bidirectional power storage regulation function implemented in the above scheme, providing a stable power environment for the subsequent connection of more loads and generating units.

[0033] Furthermore, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the charging state, it includes:

[0034] In the initial charging phase, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus and controls the second semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the second energy storage bus; simultaneously, it controls the supercapacitor module to maintain an electrical connection with the first energy storage bus, so that the supercapacitor module can absorb excess power from the grid and charge itself; once the supercapacitor module is fully charged, the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the later charging phase.

[0035] In the later stages of charging, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus, and controls each battery sub-module to connect to the first energy storage bus or the second energy storage bus in sequence, so that the battery sub-modules can absorb excess power from the grid and charge.

[0036] In the above scheme, after the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the charging state, the supercapacitor module is charged first, and then the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module are charged. This ensures that the battery pack sub-modules on the same energy storage bus are not charged at the same time, effectively preventing the generator module from overloading during charging and protecting the generator module from damage caused by high current and high heat generated by overload. This effectively extends the battery life of the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module.

[0037] Furthermore, when the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system is in a charging state, it includes:

[0038] When the load rate of the generator module exceeds the preset load rate, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the charging power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the charging power of the energy storage module will drop to the preset first power threshold.

[0039] When the load rate of the generator module reaches 100%, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the energy storage incoming line switch group to disconnect.

[0040] In the above scheme, by real-time monitoring of the load rate of the generator module when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in charging state, and by performing delayed alarm and dynamic power adjustment through the background management module when an abnormality is detected, the energy loss and equipment performance degradation caused by overload are effectively avoided, and the charging efficiency is improved, thereby saving charging time.

[0041] Furthermore, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the discharge state, it includes:

[0042] When the acquired real-time grid frequency drops instantaneously, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus so that the supercapacitor module can discharge.

[0043] Furthermore, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the discharge state, it includes:

[0044] When the obtained real-time frequency deviation of the power grid exceeds the preset deviation range and power support needs to be maintained, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery pack module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and controls the second semi-solid-state battery pack module to be connected to the second energy storage bus circuit, so that the first semi-solid-state battery pack module and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module can discharge.

[0045] In the above scheme, after the energy storage frequency regulation black-start system enters the discharge state, the method of prioritizing the use of supercapacitors not only helps to extend the battery life of the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules, but also enables extremely fast discharge response through the supercapacitor modules. The supercapacitors can discharge rapidly, injecting power into the grid to prevent further frequency drops, effectively avoiding problems such as operational instability and equipment overload caused by frequency changes in the generator module; in addition, the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules can provide long-term stable and continuous power support to the generator module, effectively ensuring the continuous operation of the generator module.

[0046] Furthermore, when the energy storage frequency modulation black start system is in a discharging state, it includes:

[0047] When the discharge power of the energy storage module is greater than the real-time power load of the generator module, the background management module controls the discharge power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the discharge power of the energy storage module is less than the preset power load value.

[0048] In the above scheme, when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in the discharge state, the discharge power of the energy storage module is monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted, which effectively ensures that the generator module will not experience power backflow due to excessive discharge of the energy storage module. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a black-start system for energy storage and frequency regulation of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack unit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a black start circuit for energy storage and frequency modulation of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see Figure 1This embodiment provides a supercapacitor-hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black start system, specifically including: a generator module, an energy storage module, and a background management module; the background management module is electrically connected to the generator module; the energy storage module includes a first energy storage submodule, a second energy storage submodule, an energy storage incoming line switch group, and a sectionalizing switch; the first energy storage submodule includes a first energy storage bus, a supercapacitor module, and a first semi-solid-state battery pack module; the second energy storage submodule includes a second energy storage bus and a second semi-solid-state battery pack module; wherein:

[0054] One end of the generator module is connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus respectively through the energy storage incoming line switch group;

[0055] One end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and the other end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus. The control terminal of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0056] The supercapacitor module and the first semi-solid battery pack module are respectively electrically connected to the first energy storage bus; the control terminal of the supercapacitor module is electrically connected to the background management module; the control terminal of the first semi-solid battery pack module is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0057] The second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus; the control terminal of the second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0058] When a large-scale power outage occurs in the power grid, the generator module triggers a rapid load shedding signal, which causes the background management module to control the closing of the sectionalizing switch and control the energy storage incoming switch group, thereby causing the energy storage frequency regulation black start system to enter the black start working mode.

[0059] The black start working mode includes:

[0060] The supercapacitor module is controlled by the background management module to discharge, so that the supercapacitor module generates a pulse current to activate the generator module.

[0061] The background management module controls the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to discharge, so that the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module generate stable current respectively to power the generator module.

[0062] Based on the real-time frequency of the power grid obtained by the generator module, the background management module coordinates and controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery module and the second semi-solid-state battery module based on the real-time frequency of the power grid, so that the energy storage module can perform power regulation and frequency regulation, thereby enabling the generator module to enter a stable working state.

[0063] In this embodiment, a supercapacitor-hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system is constructed using an energy storage module, a generator module, and a back-end management module. When a large-scale power outage occurs, the back-end management module controls the supercapacitor module to provide a high-power pulse current at startup, effectively starting heavy-load starting motors requiring high starting current. The back-end management module also controls the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules to provide a long-term stable current, ensuring the normal operation of critical auxiliary equipment in the generator module and creating startup conditions for the generator module. Based on the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module, the back-end management module coordinates and controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery module, and the second semi-solid-state battery module based on the real-time grid frequency, causing the energy storage module to perform power and frequency regulation, effectively controlling the voltage and frequency of the local grid within a suitable range, and providing a stable power environment for subsequent connection of more loads and generator units.

[0064] In one embodiment, the first semi-solid-state battery pack module includes a plurality of battery pack sub-modules, and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module includes a plurality of battery pack sub-modules; each battery pack sub-module includes a battery pack unit and a reactor; wherein:

[0065] The output terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the reactor, and the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, or the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0066] The control terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0067] In this embodiment, the control terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to the background management module, providing effective technical support for subsequent adjustment of charging and discharging based on the real-time frequency of the power grid. By setting the internal connection relationship of the several battery pack sub-modules, the first and second semi-solid-state battery pack modules can perform functions such as charging and discharging, frequency adjustment, and black start on the generator module.

[0068] In one embodiment, the battery pack unit includes a plurality of PCS series-connected battery clusters, which are interconnected to form a high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology is grounded at one end and electrically connected to one end of the reactor at the other end.

[0069] In this embodiment, the series-connected battery clusters of several PCS include two levels of intra-cluster batteries and PCS power units. They employ two-level intra-cluster battery balancing technology, intra-phase PCS power unit active balancing technology, and inter-phase PCS power unit active balancing technology, which effectively improves the consistency of battery SOC, battery utilization rate, and service life.

[0070] Compared with the existing ordinary low-voltage parallel structure, the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology makes the energy conversion efficiency of the battery pack unit higher, with the overall energy conversion efficiency being 5% to 10% higher than that of the existing ordinary low-voltage parallel structure. In addition, the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology adopts a voltage equalization control strategy, carrier phase-shifting PWM technology, and distributed switching harmonics to effectively reduce the total harmonic distortion rate, and effectively avoids overload of individual links by dynamically allocating link power based on SOC.

[0071] The high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology can be directly connected to the first energy storage bus or the second energy storage bus without connecting a transformer. This not only reduces the investment in transformer protection, switchgear, and other equipment required for connecting a step-up transformer, but also significantly saves manpower and resources in installation and construction due to the high single-unit capacity and fewer system sets required by the cascaded H-bridge topology. Furthermore, the cascaded system has high output voltage and low output current, requiring fewer supporting cables, thus effectively saving costs.

[0072] In one embodiment, the supercapacitor module includes a supercapacitor submodule and a step-up transformer; wherein:

[0073] The output terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to one end of the step-up transformer, and the other end of the step-up transformer is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0074] The control terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to the background management module.

[0075] In this embodiment, the control terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to the background management module, providing effective technical support for subsequent adjustment of charging and discharging based on the real-time frequency of the power grid. By setting the internal connection relationship of the supercapacitor module, the supercapacitor module can perform functions such as charging and discharging, frequency regulation, and black start on the generator module.

[0076] In one embodiment, the supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system further includes:

[0077] After the generator set module enters a stable working state, the real-time frequency of the power grid is obtained based on the generator set module;

[0078] When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the charging state.

[0079] When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is not higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the discharge state.

[0080] In this embodiment, based on the acquired real-time grid frequency, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery pack module, and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module to regulate charging and discharging, enabling the energy storage frequency regulation black-start system to achieve bidirectional power storage regulation. The supercapacitor module responds to minute fluctuations in the real-time grid frequency within seconds, effectively solving the technical problems of delayed start-up and inability to output transient high power in the energy storage system. The first and second semi-solid-state battery pack modules adjust according to changes in the real-time grid frequency, stably outputting power and providing long-term voltage and frequency support for the restoration of the local grid. Furthermore, after the black start begins, the generator module is not yet stable, and the output voltage and frequency may fluctuate significantly. The energy storage module can stabilize the voltage and frequency of the local grid within a suitable range through the bidirectional power storage regulation function implemented in the above scheme, providing a stable power environment for the subsequent connection of more loads and generating units.

[0081] In one embodiment, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the charging state, it includes:

[0082] In the initial charging phase, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus and controls the second semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the second energy storage bus; simultaneously, it controls the supercapacitor module to maintain an electrical connection with the first energy storage bus, so that the supercapacitor module can absorb excess power from the grid and charge itself; once the supercapacitor module is fully charged, the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the later charging phase.

[0083] In the later stages of charging, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus, and controls each battery sub-module to connect to the first energy storage bus or the second energy storage bus in sequence, so that the battery sub-modules can absorb excess power from the grid and charge.

[0084] In this embodiment, after the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the charging state, the supercapacitor module is charged first, and then the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module are charged. This ensures that the battery pack sub-modules on the same energy storage bus are not charged at the same time, effectively preventing the generator module from overloading during charging and protecting the generator module from damage caused by high current and high heat generated by overload. This effectively extends the battery life of the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module.

[0085] In one embodiment, when the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system is in a charging state, it includes:

[0086] When the load rate of the generator module exceeds the preset load rate, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the charging power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the charging power of the energy storage module will drop to the preset first power threshold.

[0087] When the load rate of the generator module reaches 100%, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the energy storage incoming line switch group to disconnect.

[0088] In this embodiment, by real-time monitoring of the load rate of the generator module when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in charging state, and by performing delayed alarm and dynamic power adjustment through the background management module when an abnormality is detected, the problem of energy loss and equipment performance degradation caused by overload is effectively avoided, and the charging efficiency is improved, thereby saving charging time.

[0089] In one embodiment, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the discharge state, it includes:

[0090] When the acquired real-time grid frequency drops instantaneously, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus so that the supercapacitor module can discharge.

[0091] In one embodiment, after the energy storage frequency modulation black-start system enters the discharge state, it includes:

[0092] When the obtained real-time frequency deviation of the power grid exceeds the preset deviation range and power support needs to be maintained, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery pack module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and controls the second semi-solid-state battery pack module to be connected to the second energy storage bus circuit, so that the first semi-solid-state battery pack module and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module can discharge.

[0093] In this embodiment, after the energy storage frequency regulation black-start system enters the discharge state, the method of prioritizing the use of supercapacitors is adopted. This not only helps to extend the battery life of the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules, but also enables extremely fast discharge response through the supercapacitor modules. The supercapacitors can discharge rapidly, injecting power into the grid to prevent further frequency drops, effectively avoiding problems such as operational instability and equipment overload caused by frequency changes in the generator module. In addition, the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules can provide long-term stable and continuous power support to the generator module, effectively ensuring the continuous operation of the generator module.

[0094] In one embodiment, when the energy storage frequency modulation black start system is in a discharge state, it includes:

[0095] When the discharge power of the energy storage module is greater than the real-time power load of the generator module, the background management module controls the discharge power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the discharge power of the energy storage module is less than the preset power load value.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in the discharge state, the discharge power of the energy storage module is monitored in real time and dynamically adjusted. This effectively ensures that the generator module will not experience power backflow due to excessive discharge of the energy storage module.

[0097] Furthermore, this embodiment can also realize the frequency regulation of generator set scheduled shutdown at night. After the generator set is shut down, the energy storage module discharges to the generator set module, realizing the automatic use of energy storage power to reduce grid electricity consumption and increase the economic benefits of the energy storage system when the gas turbine unit is shut down at night, effectively reducing the consumption of high-priced grid electricity.

[0098] Please see Figure 3This invention also provides a schematic diagram of a black start circuit for energy storage frequency regulation using a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery applied to two generator sets. The generator set module comprises a first generator, a first main transformer, a first high-voltage plant service transformer, a first generator bus, a starting standby transformer, a second generator, a second main transformer, a second high-voltage plant service transformer, a second-stage plant service bus, and switches K1 to K6. The circuit consists of a first energy storage incoming switch group, a first energy storage bus, a first semi-solid-state battery module, a supercapacitor module, a second semi-solid-state battery module, and a step-up transformer. The energy storage module consists of a transformer for the first energy storage station, a second energy storage incoming line switch group, a second energy storage bus, a transformer for the second energy storage station, and switches K10 and K13; the first semi-solid-state battery pack module consists of a first reactor, a first battery pack unit, a second reactor, and switches 7-8 for the second battery pack unit; the supercapacitor module consists of a step-up transformer, a supercapacitor, and switch 9; and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module consists of a third reactor, a third battery pack unit, a fourth reactor, a fourth battery pack unit, and switches K11-12.

[0099] The first generator is electrically connected to one end of the first switch K1, the other end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to one end of the first main transformer and one end of the first high-voltage plant transformer, the other end of the first main transformer is connected to the power grid, the other end of the first high-voltage plant transformer is electrically connected to one end of the second switch K2, and the other end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first generator bus.

[0100] The second generator is electrically connected to one end of the sixth switch K6, and the other end of the sixth switch K6 is electrically connected to one end of the second main transformer and one end of the second high-voltage plant service transformer. The other end of the second main transformer is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the second high-voltage plant service transformer is electrically connected to one end of the fifth switch K5. The other end of the fifth switch K5 is connected to the second generator bus.

[0101] One end of the third switch K3 is connected to the busbar of the first generator set, and the other end of the third switch K3 is electrically connected to the starting standby transformer and one end of the fourth switch K4. The other end of the starting standby transformer is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the fourth switch K4 is connected to the busbar of the second generator set.

[0102] One end of the first energy storage incoming line switch group is connected to the first generator set bus, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0103] One end of the second energy storage incoming line switch group is connected to the second generator set bus, and the other end is connected to the second energy storage bus;

[0104] The first battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the first reactor, and the other end of the first reactor is electrically connected to one end of the seventh switch K7. The other end of the seventh switch K7 is connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0105] The second battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the second reactor, and the other end of the second reactor is electrically connected to one end of the eighth switch K8. The other end of the eighth switch K8 is connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0106] The supercapacitor is electrically connected to one end of the step-up transformer, and the other end of the step-up transformer is electrically connected to one end of the ninth switch K9. The other end of the ninth switch K9 is connected to the first energy storage bus.

[0107] The third battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the third reactor, and the other end of the third reactor is electrically connected to one end of the eleventh switch K11. The other end of the eleventh switch K11 is connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0108] The fourth battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the fourth reactor, and the other end of the fourth reactor is electrically connected to one end of the twelfth switch K12. The other end of the twelfth switch K12 is connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0109] One end of the transformer of the first energy storage station is electrically connected to the tenth switch K10, and the other end of the tenth switch K10 is connected to the first energy storage bus. One end of the transformer of the second energy storage station is electrically connected to the thirteenth switch K13, and the other end of the thirteenth switch K13 is connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0110] One end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and the other end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus.

[0111] In this embodiment, the standby transformer ensures the safety of power supply during unit startup, shutdown, and abnormal operating conditions during the energy storage frequency regulation black start process, effectively improving the safety of the energy storage frequency regulation black start system. The first and second high-voltage plant transformers provide stable power to important auxiliary equipment in the generator module during the energy storage frequency regulation black start process, matching the voltage level required by the equipment, effectively ensuring the reliability and safety of plant power supply. The first and second energy storage station transformers can perform voltage conversion to match a suitable voltage to the energy storage module, realizing bidirectional flow between the energy storage module and the generator module.

[0112] In this embodiment, an energy storage and frequency regulation black start system is constructed using two 390MW natural gas generator sets, a semi-solid lithium iron phosphate battery with a mixed discharge rate of 0.5C, a rated power of 25.288MW, a rated energy of 50.576MWh, and a supercapacitor with a rated power of 1MW and a continuous discharge capability of 10 minutes. This system enables both units to simultaneously have a frequency regulation capability of more than 6MW, and enables Unit #2 to have FCB black start capability (including one failure).

[0113] In this embodiment, the first, second, third, and fourth battery pack units each include several PCS series-connected battery clusters, which are interconnected to form a high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology. Each battery cluster consists of seven battery packs connected in series, with each pack containing 48 3.2V batteries connected in series, each with a capacity of 280Ah. Semi-solid-state batteries are connected in series via 14 PCS links per phase, and the three-phase configuration consists of three 30-foot PCS link semi-solid-state battery containers connected in a three-phase star configuration without a step-up transformer to the generator module. Furthermore, the black-start capacity and frequency regulation capacity of each battery pack unit are separated according to the needs of the energy storage module. Each battery pack unit retains at least 12MWh of capacity to ensure black-start functionality and is equipped with monitoring functions to maintain a battery SOC of no less than 25%.

[0114] In this embodiment, the series-connected battery clusters of multiple PCS systems effectively ensure extremely high power quality through high-precision voltage and current sampling technology and high-performance PWM modulation technology. The current distortion rate of this structure is less than 3% in grid-connected mode and less than 0.5% in islanded mode, achieving near-perfect harmonic-free operation. In grid-connected mode, the sectionalizing switch is open, and the energy storage bus is connected to the grid via the energy storage incoming switch group, the high-voltage plant transformer, and the main transformer. In islanded mode, the sectionalizing switch is closed, and the energy storage system is disconnected from the grid by the generator set connected in parallel. Furthermore, the technology of controlling one battery cluster with one PCS system effectively solves the problem of imbalance between clusters.

[0115] In this embodiment, when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in normal operating frequency regulation mode, the sectionalizing switch between the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus is disconnected. The first energy storage bus is connected to the low-voltage side of the first generator set's plant service transformer, and the second energy storage bus is connected to the low-voltage side of the second generator set's plant service transformer, so that both generators simultaneously have a frequency regulation capability of more than 6MW. The low-voltage side of the first generator set's plant service transformer is the side where the first high-voltage plant service transformer is connected to the second switch K2, and the low-voltage side of the second generator set's plant service transformer is the side where the second high-voltage plant service transformer is connected to the fifth switch K5.

[0116] When the first energy storage incoming line switch group is closed and the second energy storage incoming line switch group is closed, the first energy storage incoming line switch group, the first energy storage bus, the first semi-solid-state battery module, the supercapacitor module, the step-up transformer, the first energy storage station transformer, and switch K10 are connected to the first generator to participate in auxiliary frequency regulation. The second energy storage incoming line switch group, the second energy storage bus, the second semi-solid-state battery module, the second energy storage station transformer, and switch K13 are connected to the second generator to participate in auxiliary frequency regulation.

[0117] In this embodiment, the energy storage module implements a bidirectional power storage function, capable of bidirectional adjustment based on the real-time frequency of the power grid. When the real-time frequency of the power grid is higher than a preset rated value, the energy storage module absorbs excess power from the power grid for charging; when the real-time frequency of the power grid is not higher than the preset rated value, the energy storage module discharges power to the power grid, outputting power. The supercapacitor module handles the high-frequency fluctuations of the power grid from 0 to 5 seconds, while the first semi-solid-state battery module and the second semi-solid-state battery module cover the frequency regulation needs of the power grid for more than 5 seconds.

[0118] In this embodiment, the supercapacitor's internal physical structure enables rapid charge transfer. Its charging and discharging process is primarily based on physical adsorption and desorption, with almost no delay from chemical reactions, allowing it to respond to minute fluctuations in grid frequency within seconds. While the semi-solid-state battery's response speed is slightly slower than the supercapacitor, its internal chemical reactions enable energy storage and release, thus providing sustained frequency regulation power support to the grid. By combining the supercapacitor module with the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules, the "weakest link" effect is avoided, effectively improving the balance of the entire energy storage frequency regulation black start system and significantly increasing its usable capacity.

[0119] In this embodiment, to achieve multiple auxiliary frequency-modulated charging and discharging operations per day, the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules operate in a shallow charging and discharging manner. Furthermore, in the energy storage frequency-modulated black-start system, a method of prioritizing the use of supercapacitors is adopted. For small commands, the supercapacitor module responds entirely; for large commands, the supercapacitor responds at full power, with the first and second semi-solid-state battery modules serving as supplements.

[0120] In this embodiment, the first and second semi-solid battery modules can achieve shallower charging depths, effectively extending battery life.

[0121] In this embodiment, when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is charging, the first high-voltage plant transformer and the second high-voltage plant transformer have a capacity of 16MWA. To ensure that the first high-voltage plant transformer and the second high-voltage plant transformer are not overloaded, when the energy storage module is operating in grid-connected mode, the supercapacitor module is charged first, and then the first semi-solid-state battery pack module and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module are charged. The battery pack units under the same semi-solid-state battery pack module are not charged at the same time to ensure that the high-voltage plant transformer is not overloaded.

[0122] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also designs a three-stage high-voltage transformer overload switching energy storage strategy. When the load rate of the first high-voltage plant service transformer and the second high-voltage plant service transformer reaches 90%, a first-stage delayed alarm is triggered, reducing the power input of the energy storage module and limiting the energy storage charging power to below 85%. When the load rate of the high and low voltage sides of the first high-voltage plant service transformer and the second high-voltage plant service transformer reaches 95%, a second-stage delayed alarm is triggered, reducing the power input of the energy storage module and limiting the energy storage charging power to below 85%. When the load rate of the high and low voltage sides of the first high-voltage plant service transformer and the second high-voltage plant service transformer exceeds 100%, a third-stage delayed alarm is triggered, and the first energy storage incoming line switch group and the second energy storage incoming line switch group are disconnected.

[0123] In the specific implementation process, this embodiment effectively prevents the first high-voltage plant transformer and the second high-voltage plant transformer from overloading, thereby effectively protecting the circuit and extending battery life.

[0124] In this embodiment, when the energy storage frequency regulation black start system discharges, in order to prevent the generator module from failing to meet the power consumption requirements in extreme cases, that is, the discharge power of the energy storage module cannot exceed the plant power load of the generator module, that is, the energy storage module is limited to a discharge power of no more than 7.47MW during operation, the energy storage module implements the power limiting function according to the load signals of the first high-voltage plant transformer and the second high-voltage plant transformer.

[0125] In the specific implementation process, this embodiment effectively ensures that the first high-voltage plant service transformer and the second high-voltage plant service transformer will not experience power backflow due to excessive energy storage discharge load.

[0126] In this embodiment, the generator module is scheduled to shut down at night, exit the auxiliary frequency regulation working mode, and charge the energy storage module. After the generator module stops operating, the energy storage module will automatically discharge.

[0127] In its implementation, this embodiment effectively reduces the electricity consumption of high-priced power grids, thereby saving costs to a great extent.

[0128] In this embodiment, when a large-scale power outage occurs in the power grid, the energy storage incoming switch group between the first generator bus and the first energy storage bus is disconnected, the energy storage incoming switch group between the second generator bus and the second energy storage bus is closed, and the sectionalizing switch between the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus is closed, allowing the energy storage modules to be combined and connected to the second generator set for black start. By starting the second generator set, power supply to the generator set modules and even the surrounding power grid is gradually restored.

[0129] In this embodiment, to prevent the occurrence of a loop network between the two energy storage subsystems, the energy storage incoming switch group between the first energy storage bus and the first generator bus, the energy storage incoming switch group between the second energy storage bus and the second generator bus, and the sectionalizing switch between the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus are interlocked in pairs.

[0130] In this embodiment, when a large-scale power outage occurs in the power grid, the high-voltage sides of the first and second main transformers disconnect, thereby triggering a rapid load shedding signal; when the high-voltage sides of the first and second main transformers close, the rapid load shedding signal disappears; the rapid load shedding signal is automatically reset 400 seconds after being triggered. The high-voltage sides of the first and second main transformers refer to the sides of the first and second main transformers connected to the power grid.

[0131] In the specific implementation of this embodiment, considering that the unit may charge the line without load after triggering the rapid load shedding signal, the synchronizing system of the high-voltage side switches of the first main transformer and the second main transformer has a single-sided no-voltage closing function, which effectively avoids the risk of asynchronous closing and greatly improves the safety performance.

[0132] In this embodiment, the external power grid cannot provide power support during the initial black start. Although the supercapacitor module has a relatively small capacity, it can provide a large pulse current at the moment of startup, helping some devices that require high starting current to start smoothly. The energy storage battery can provide power to the important auxiliary equipment in the generator module, ensuring the normal operation of these key auxiliary devices and creating conditions for the start-up of the unit.

[0133] Once the black start process begins and the generator module resumes power supply, the energy storage module can act as a stable power source, providing stable voltage and frequency output for the local power grid. When the generator module is not yet stable and its output voltage and frequency are prone to large fluctuations, the energy storage module's bidirectional power storage function absorbs and releases power, stabilizing the voltage and frequency of the local power grid within a suitable range, thus providing a stable power environment for subsequent connection of more loads and generator units.

[0134] Furthermore, once either the first or second generator has successfully started, it needs to be gradually connected to the other generator unit or the external power grid. Grid connection synchronization employs virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control to simulate inertial damping characteristics, supporting stable operation under weak grid conditions.

[0135] In this embodiment, through precise power control and frequency regulation, the energy storage module can improve the success rate and stability of grid connection, avoid grid connection shocks caused by parameter mismatch, and thus safely and efficiently restore the normal power supply of the power grid.

[0136] In this embodiment, the second generator set adopts an integrated "defense-recovery" strategy by triggering a rapid load shedding signal and black start. By maintaining the unit's operation, it provides initial power and stability for system recovery. When the main grid is disconnected from the grid and becomes an islanded grid, the generator set module has the capability to drive the local grid operation within its capacity, realizing the ability of the generator set module to stably operate with plant power, the ability of the generator set module to charge the line without load after triggering the rapid load shedding signal, and the ability of the generator set module to resynchronize with the grid after the main grid voltage recovers.

[0137] After the generator module triggers the rapid load shedding signal, the grid connection point is switched on the high-voltage side of the main transformer. The synchronization system line selection function of the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enables the generator module to achieve synchronous grid connection on the high-voltage side of the main transformer. Considering that the unit may charge the line without power during FCB, the high-voltage side switch synchronization system of the main transformer has a single-sided no-pressure closing function.

[0138] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A black-start system for energy storage and frequency regulation using a supercapacitor-semi-solid-state battery hybrid, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: Generator module, energy storage module, and back-end management module; The background management module is electrically connected to the generator set module; the energy storage module includes a first energy storage submodule, a second energy storage submodule, an energy storage incoming line switch group, and a sectionalizing switch; the first energy storage submodule includes a first energy storage bus, a supercapacitor module, and a first semi-solid-state battery pack module; the second energy storage submodule includes a second energy storage bus and a second semi-solid-state battery pack module; wherein: One end of the generator module is connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the first energy storage bus and the second energy storage bus respectively through the energy storage incoming line switch group; One end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and the other end of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus. The control terminal of the sectionalizing switch is electrically connected to the background management module. The supercapacitor module and the first semi-solid battery pack module are respectively electrically connected to the first energy storage bus; the control terminal of the supercapacitor module is electrically connected to the background management module; the control terminal of the first semi-solid battery pack module is electrically connected to the background management module. The second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus; the control terminal of the second semi-solid-state battery module is electrically connected to the background management module. When a large-scale power outage occurs in the power grid, the generator module triggers a rapid load shedding signal, which causes the background management module to control the closing of the sectionalizing switch and control the energy storage incoming switch group, thereby causing the energy storage frequency regulation black start system to enter the black start working mode. The black start working mode includes: The supercapacitor module is controlled by the background management module to discharge, so that the supercapacitor module generates a pulse current to activate the generator module. The background management module controls the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to discharge, so that the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module generate stable current respectively to power the generator module. Based on the real-time frequency of the power grid obtained by the generator module, the background management module coordinates and controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid-state battery module and the second semi-solid-state battery module based on the real-time frequency of the power grid, so that the energy storage module can perform power regulation and frequency regulation, thereby enabling the generator module to enter a stable working state.

2. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first semi-solid-state battery pack module includes several battery pack sub-modules, and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module includes several battery pack sub-modules; each battery pack sub-module includes a battery pack unit and a reactor; wherein: The output terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to one end of the reactor, and the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, or the other end of the reactor is electrically connected to the second energy storage bus. The control terminal of the battery pack unit is electrically connected to the background management module.

3. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The battery pack unit includes several PCS series-connected battery clusters, which are interconnected to form a high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology; wherein, one end of the high-voltage cascaded H-bridge topology is grounded, and the other end is electrically connected to one end of the reactor.

4. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The supercapacitor module includes a supercapacitor submodule and a step-up transformer; wherein: The output terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to one end of the step-up transformer, and the other end of the step-up transformer is electrically connected to the first energy storage bus. The control terminal of the supercapacitor submodule is electrically connected to the background management module.

5. The supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: After the generator set module enters a stable working state, the real-time frequency of the power grid is obtained based on the generator set module; When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the charging state. When the real-time grid frequency obtained by the generator module is not higher than the preset rated value, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery pack module and the second semi-solid battery pack module to coordinate and control so that the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the discharge state.

6. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After the energy storage frequency modulation black start system enters the charging state, it includes: In the initial charging phase, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus and controls the second semi-solid-state battery module to disconnect from the second energy storage bus; simultaneously, it controls the supercapacitor module to maintain an electrical connection with the first energy storage bus, so that the supercapacitor module can absorb excess power from the grid and charge; once the supercapacitor module is fully charged, the energy storage frequency regulation black start system enters the later charging phase. In the later stages of charging, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to disconnect from the first energy storage bus, and controls each battery sub-module to connect to the first energy storage bus or the second energy storage bus in sequence, so that the battery sub-modules can absorb excess power from the grid and charge.

7. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the energy storage frequency regulation black start system is in a charging state, it includes: When the load rate of the generator module exceeds the preset load rate, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the charging power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the charging power of the energy storage module will drop to the preset first power threshold. When the load rate of the generator module reaches 100%, the background management module will issue a delayed alarm and control the energy storage incoming line switch group to disconnect.

8. The supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery energy storage frequency regulation black-start system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After the energy storage frequency modulation black start system enters the discharge state, it includes: When the acquired real-time grid frequency drops instantaneously, the background management module controls the supercapacitor module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus so that the supercapacitor module can discharge.

9. A black-start system for energy storage and frequency regulation of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the energy storage frequency modulation black start system enters the discharge state, it includes: When the obtained real-time frequency deviation of the power grid exceeds the preset deviation range and power support needs to be maintained, the background management module controls the first semi-solid-state battery pack module to be electrically connected to the first energy storage bus, and controls the second semi-solid-state battery pack module to be connected to the second energy storage bus circuit, so that the first semi-solid-state battery pack module and the second semi-solid-state battery pack module can discharge.

10. The energy storage frequency regulation black-start system of a supercapacitor hybrid semi-solid-state battery as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the energy storage frequency modulation black start system is in a discharge state, it includes: When the discharge power of the energy storage module is greater than the real-time power load of the generator module, the background management module controls the discharge power of the supercapacitor module, the first semi-solid battery module and the second semi-solid battery module respectively, so that the discharge power of the energy storage module is less than the preset power load value.

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