Two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-generation system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply system and method, relating to the fields of energy management and waste heat utilization technology. The two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply system and method includes the following steps: S1: Collecting thermal parameters and electrical status related to co-power supply, constructing a thermoelectric co-power input dataset and preprocessing it; S2: Identifying the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branches; S3: Coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and co-power supply sequence, and determining the degree of matching of co-power supply to the load; S4: Combining the load matching situation and output behavior, evaluating the co-power and dual-source coupling status. This solves the problems in existing two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled structures where high-temperature steam is not recovered and utilized, photovoltaic power generation does not participate in the coordinated power supply, and the power source is singular, leading to serious waste heat waste and insufficient energy synergy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy management and waste heat utilization technology, specifically to a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply system and method. Background Technology

[0002] As data center energy consumption continues to rise, two-phase cold plate liquid cooling has been widely adopted due to its significant improvement in heat dissipation efficiency through the use of working fluid phase change heat transfer. Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) are commonly used for medium- and low-temperature waste heat recovery, converting thermal energy into electricity and hot water. Photovoltaic power generation, as an important form of distributed clean energy, has been deployed in multiple scenarios, providing support for energy structure transformation. These technologies have each matured in terms of heat dissipation, waste heat utilization, and clean energy utilization, gradually forming a complementary trend.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with announcement number CN114221427B discloses an emergency power supply based on supercapacitor energy storage and its control method. The emergency power supply includes: an input filtering module, an output filtering module, a discharge circuit, a charging circuit, a digital control module, an energy storage module, and a self-test module. The input filtering module is connected to the charging circuit, the charging circuit is connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is connected to the discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit is connected to the output filtering module. The energy storage module is equipped with a supercapacitor. The digital control module controls the working state of the energy storage module, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit, and the self-test module. The digital control module completes the charging voltage and current control of the emergency power supply and the discharge voltage control based on PID control. It completes the charging process of the energy storage device through power conservation, constant current, and trickle control, and completes the discharge process based on a constant power control algorithm. It sets the working state threshold to change the state of the energy storage device in real time.

[0004] For example, invention patent CN107069930B discloses an energy conditioning circuit and method for a drone. The circuit includes a backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit, a signal measurement unit, and a control drive unit. The power supply terminal of the backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit is connected to a generator and a backup battery. The control drive unit is connected to four control terminals of the backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit. The signal measurement unit is connected to the load, the control drive unit, the backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit, and the backup battery. The generator provides electricity to the load. When the generator output exceeds the load's power consumption, the backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit stores the excess energy in the backup battery. When the load's power demand exceeds the generator's output, or when the generator malfunctions or runs out of fuel, the backup battery charging / discharging current adjustment unit controls the backup battery to output energy to the load.

[0005] Current liquid cooling systems largely rely on condensers to directly dissipate heat, failing to fully utilize the value of waste heat. Data centers and high-energy-consuming scenarios primarily rely on the power grid for power supply, resulting in a high dependence on a single power source. Photovoltaic power generation in distributed applications generally operates independently, lacking coordination with other energy devices and struggling to meet complex load demands. These common issues lead to a lack of linkage between heat dissipation, waste heat utilization, and energy supply, hindering overall energy efficiency improvements.

[0006] To address the above issues, there is an urgent need for a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply system and method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical problems to be solved

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply system and method, which solves the problems of high-temperature steam not being recovered and utilized, photovoltaic power generation not participating in the linkage energy supply and the single power source in existing two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled structures, resulting in serious waste heat waste and insufficient energy synergy.

[0009] Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for waste heat recovery from a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply, comprising the following steps: S1: Collecting thermal parameters and electrical status related to synergistic energy supply, constructing a thermoelectric synergistic input dataset and preprocessing it; S2: Based on the thermoelectric synergistic input dataset, identifying the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch, adjusting the diversion valve and ORC operating status, and coordinating the turbine and condenser responses; S3: The ORC operating status and turbine response constitute the starting point for synergistic energy supply, coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and synergistic energy supply sequence, judging the degree of matching of synergistic energy supply to the load, switching the power supply mode, and controlling the energy storage and load output; S4: Combining the load matching situation and output behavior, evaluating the synergistic state of cooling, heating, and electricity and the dual-source coupling, optimizing the cooling, heating, and electricity structure based on the synergistic performance, refining the load division, and reconstructing the energy supply combination.

[0011] Further, the following steps are taken to collect thermal parameters and electrical status related to collaborative energy supply, construct a co-generation input dataset, and preprocess it: The process of constructing the co-generation input dataset includes: installing an electric diverter valve with temperature and pressure sensors at the steam outlet of the crossbeam cold plate; collecting the diverter valve outlet temperature, outlet pressure, steam temperature, and outlet pressure in real time; setting flow meters and temperature sensors in the condenser to record the steam flow rate entering and leaving the condenser, the condenser inlet temperature, and the condenser outlet temperature, while determining the condenser design upper limit and maximum heat exchange capacity based on design parameters; collecting the real-time power of the load connected to the output end of the ORC module as the ORC output load power, recording the ORC output power time series using the power monitoring unit, and extracting the moments of ORC output power change; collecting the photovoltaic direct-supply load power in the photovoltaic power generation unit, recording the irradiance time series using a light intensity sensor, and extracting the moments of irradiance change; and recording the photovoltaic output power time series using an MPPT controller and extracting the moments of photovoltaic output change. In the overall power monitoring stage, the external input power is calculated by collecting the grid input voltage and current, while simultaneously recording the total power generation of the ORC and photovoltaic systems, as well as the total power load. At the distribution end, the power output is collected. In the ORC steam branch, the ORC shunt steam flow rate is collected, and the hot water flow rate and outlet temperature at the turbine outlet heat exchanger are recorded. In the overall power consumption monitoring unit, the power consumption time series is collected, the derivative of the power consumption time series is calculated, and abrupt inflection points are identified, extracting the corresponding time points as the moments of load power change. The above data collection process covers temperature... Pressure, flow, voltage, current, power, and time-series signals are used to form a thermoelectric co-input dataset. This dataset is preprocessed by aligning multi-source timestamps and reconstructing continuous time sequences using a uniform sampling step size. Sliding window and statistical methods are employed to identify and remove out-of-bounds, abrupt, duplicate, and out-of-order records. Short-term interruptions are repaired through interpolation, and long-term missing records are marked and archived. The power balance between ORC output load power, photovoltaic direct-supply load power, grid input voltage, and grid input current under the total power load is checked. The thermoelectric co-input dataset is then standardized and normalized.

[0012] Further, based on the aforementioned thermoelectric co-input dataset, the specific steps for identifying the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch are as follows: Obtain the outlet temperature and pressure of the diversion valve; determine the corresponding steam thermodynamic state and substitute it into the state equation of the specified working fluid to obtain the ORC diversion steam enthalpy; calculate the ORC steam inlet energy in conjunction with the ORC diversion steam flow rate; derive the condenser unit condensing capacity value based on the standard heat transfer formula, given the existing condenser steam flow rate, condenser inlet temperature, and condenser outlet temperature; calculate the condenser inlet and outlet temperature difference from the difference between the condenser inlet temperature and condenser outlet temperature; calculate the rate of change of condenser steam flow rate, condenser inlet temperature, and condenser outlet temperature in the time series to obtain the condenser load change rate, and combine this with the condenser... The difference between the design upper limit and the condenser's remaining heat exchange capacity is calculated. During full-load operation of the condenser, a continuous data sequence of the condenser outlet temperature is extracted, the standard deviation of temperature fluctuation is calculated, and this is normalized and combined with the condenser's maximum heat exchange capacity to generate a condensing margin adjustment term. The maximum inlet enthalpy of the steam working fluid specified in the equipment specifications is read to obtain the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy. The difference between the ORC steam inlet energy and the condenser's unit condensing capacity is used as the numerator, and the ORC steam inlet energy plus one is used as the denominator to calculate the ratio for the first part. The condenser's remaining heat exchange capacity is divided by the sum of the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy and the condensing margin adjustment term, added to one, and the natural logarithm is taken, then added to one again to form the multiplier term for the second part. Finally, the ratio for the first part is multiplied by the multiplier term for the second part to obtain the steam supply and demand deviation value.

[0013] Further, the specific steps for adjusting the diversion valve and ORC operating status to coordinate the turbine and condenser responses are as follows: Based on the current supply-demand deviation of high-temperature steam on the cold plate between the main condenser and the ORC branch, determine the steam distribution strategy: Real-time comparison of the steam supply-demand deviation value with the guiding threshold, which includes a primary guiding threshold and a secondary guiding threshold; When the steam supply-demand deviation value is greater than or equal to the primary guiding threshold, increase the opening of the diversion valve to guide more high-temperature steam into the ORC module, increase the turbine load operating rate, and start the ORC dedicated condenser air-cooled component; When the steam supply-demand deviation value is greater than the secondary guiding threshold but less than the primary guiding threshold, maintain the current opening of the diversion valve, perform only dynamic fine-tuning, set the minimum start-stop interval of the ORC module, and when the condenser load is detected to reach the condenser's maximum heat exchange, reduce the diversion ratio and increase the steam introduction path into the main condenser; When the steam supply-demand deviation value is less than or equal to the secondary guiding threshold, close the diversion valve, introduce all steam into the condenser, stop the ORC module from working and reduce the turbine speed, while simultaneously monitoring the condenser load and increasing the heat dissipation power.

[0014] Furthermore, the ORC operating status and turbine response constitute the starting point for coordinated power supply. The specific steps for coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and the coordinated power supply sequence are as follows: calculate the sum of the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct supply load power at the current moment as the total power generation capacity; determine the power supply priority based on the coverage of the total power generation capacity to the total power load, control the priority power supply objects of photovoltaic power, and coordinate the power supply sequence of photovoltaic direct supply and ORC module power generation.

[0015] Further, the specific steps for determining the matching degree of coordinated power supply to the load are as follows: Obtain the grid-supplied load power by calculating the instantaneous active power based on the grid input voltage and current; obtain the ORC power generation response delay by comparing the interval between the load power change time and the ORC output power change time; obtain the photovoltaic power response delay by subtracting the photovoltaic output change time from the light intensity change time; obtain the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct-supply load power; calculate and square the difference between the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct-supply load power as the numerator, add one to the grid-supplied load power as the denominator, calculate the fractional result, add one, and take the natural logarithm to form the first part of the result; calculate the square root of the product of the ORC power generation response delay and the photovoltaic power response delay as the numerator of the second part, use the sum of the ORC power generation response delay, the photovoltaic power response delay, and the load response tolerance factor as the denominator, calculate the quotient, subtract one, and obtain the second part of the result; multiply the two parts to obtain the self-supplied load matching value.

[0016] Further, the specific steps for switching power supply modes and controlling energy storage and load output are as follows: Power supply strategy is determined based on the self-supply load matching value: the self-supply load matching value is compared with the power supply coordination threshold in real time, including a primary power supply coordination threshold and a secondary power supply coordination threshold; when the self-supply load matching value is greater than or equal to the primary power supply coordination threshold, the grid connection is disconnected, entering a local power supply priority state, all photovoltaic power is allocated to the main load, the ORC module continues to operate, and the energy storage battery discharge is suspended and converted to energy storage; when the self-supply load matching value is greater than the secondary power supply coordination threshold but less than the primary power supply coordination threshold, the photovoltaic and grid joint power supply state is maintained, and the ORC module is started when power consumption changes abruptly or at inflection points, with the energy storage unit supplementing power output; when the self-supply load matching value is less than or equal to the secondary power supply coordination threshold, the power supply is switched to the main grid power supply, the turbine power generation retains cooling function, the energy storage unit discharge power is increased, and non-critical load equipment is shut down to reduce total power output.

[0017] Furthermore, combining load matching and output behavior, the specific steps for evaluating the synergistic cooling, heating, and power (CHP) and dual-source coupling states are as follows: Substitute the ORC shunt steam flow rate and ORC shunt steam enthalpy into the heat-work calculation formula to obtain the heat source output power; calculate the ratio of ORC output load power to heat source output power to obtain the thermal energy utilization efficiency; compare the ratio between the ORC module and the total photovoltaic power generation and the real-time total power load to obtain the power supply-demand matching rate; collect the hot water flow rate and heat exchanger outlet temperature and calculate the heat power sequence, taking the difference between the maximum and minimum heat power values ​​within a fixed time window to obtain the heat load variation amplitude; read the power consumption time series and within a fixed time window... The difference between the maximum and minimum power consumption is extracted to obtain the electrical load variation range; the thermal load variation range and the electrical load variation range are obtained and their ratio is calculated to obtain the cooling and heating demand variation ratio; the standard deviation of the output power of the heat source and the power supply within a fixed window is analyzed to obtain the coordinated output stability; the arithmetic mean of the thermal energy utilization efficiency and the power supply-demand matching rate is calculated as the first part of the result; the cooling and heating demand variation ratio is used as the numerator, and the square of the coordinated output stability is added as the denominator. The ratio of the two is calculated, and the negative value is taken as the exponent. The natural exponential function is executed to calculate the result, and the result is subtracted to form the multiplier term of the second part; the above two parts are multiplied to obtain the dual coupling matching value.

[0018] Furthermore, based on the synergistic performance, the specific steps for optimizing the cooling, heating, and electrical structure, refining the load division, and reconstructing the energy supply combination are as follows: Adjust the cooling, heating, and electrical structure and load allocation strategy in stages according to the dual-coupling matching value: Real-time comparison of the dual-coupling matching value with the matching threshold, where the matching threshold includes a primary matching threshold and a secondary matching threshold; when the dual-coupling matching value is greater than or equal to the primary matching threshold, fix the current cooling and heating source allocation structure, maintain the existing flow path and load sharing ratio, allocate the turbine and photovoltaic power supply load partitions, and bind corresponding tasks; when the dual-coupling matching value is greater than the secondary matching threshold but less than the primary matching threshold, control the rate of change of the photovoltaic power supply output current and activate the energy storage unit to buffer sudden gaps; when the dual-coupling matching value is less than or equal to the secondary matching threshold, reconstruct the cooling and heating load allocation structure, identify real-time fluctuation characteristics based on the rate of change and fluctuation amplitude of the photovoltaic direct-supply load power and the ORC output load power, limit the fluctuation amplitude, synchronously reduce and delay the response when the limit is exceeded, and increase the shunt adjustment frequency.

[0019] The second aspect of this invention provides a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic coordinated energy supply system, comprising: a thermoelectric data acquisition module, a steam energy flow control module, a dual-source coordinated energy supply module, and a coordinated performance evaluation module. The thermoelectric data acquisition module is used to collect thermal parameters and electrical status related to coordinated energy supply, construct a thermoelectric coordinated input dataset, and preprocess it. The steam energy flow control module is used to identify the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch based on the thermoelectric coordinated input dataset, adjust the diversion valve and ORC operating status, and coordinate the turbine and condenser responses. The dual-source coordinated energy supply module is used to establish the coordinated energy supply starting point based on the ORC operating status and turbine response, coordinate the photovoltaic power supply structure and coordinated energy supply sequence, determine the degree of matching of coordinated energy supply to the load, switch the power supply mode, and control energy storage and load output. The coordinated performance evaluation module is used to evaluate the co-generation and dual-source coupling status of the thermoelectric system by combining load matching and output behavior, optimize the thermoelectric structure based on coordinated performance, refine the load division, and reconstruct the energy supply combination.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This invention constructs a consistent input dataset across channels and time series by uniformly collecting and preprocessing diversion valve outlet, condenser status, ORC output, photovoltaic load, grid input and other thermal and electrical signals, supporting a series of algorithm calculations for supply and demand judgment, delay identification and structure matching, effectively improving the computational foundation quality and response consistency of energy supply coordination decision-making.

[0023] (2) The present invention uses the steam supply and demand deviation value constructed based on the steam thermodynamic state, condensation load capacity and ORC operating boundary conditions as the basis for determining the steam path switching and ORC module start and stop, avoiding the traditional control logic based on a single temperature and pressure threshold, and significantly improving the adaptability of steam energy flow regulation and the accuracy of flow division judgment.

[0024] (3) This invention integrates power generation, load response timing, grid input and other parameters to construct a self-supply load matching value for evaluating the multi-source power generation response capability and load matching degree, and switches the power supply mode and controls the energy storage participation to realize dynamic judgment and software control of the photovoltaic and ORC collaborative power supply status.

[0025] (4) This invention integrates thermal energy utilization efficiency, power supply and demand ratio, cooling and heating demand fluctuation ratio and output stability multi-dimensional factors to form a dual-coupling matching value index, which serves as the optimization input for the combination of cooling, heating and electricity structures. It supports the generation of load division strategy and the decision-making of energy supply structure reconstruction, and enhances the intelligent adaptability and dynamic update capability of energy supply configuration.

[0026] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a trend chart of the dual coupling matching values ​​of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic direct supply structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ORC waste heat recovery and multi-purpose energy output structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram, 1. Energy storage power station; 2. Solar photovoltaic panel; 3. Organic Rankine cycle system; 4. Diverter valve; 5. Gas-liquid separator; 6. Chip; 7. Two-phase cold plate; 8. Make-up pump; 9. Liquid storage tank; 10. Heat exchanger; 11. Residential building; 12. Office building; 13. Condenser. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-6This invention provides a technical solution: a method for waste heat recovery from a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC and photovoltaic synergistic energy supply, comprising the following steps: S1: collecting thermal parameters and electrical status related to synergistic energy supply, constructing a thermoelectric synergistic input dataset and preprocessing it; S2: based on the thermoelectric synergistic input dataset, identifying the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch, adjusting the diversion valve and ORC operating status, and coordinating the turbine and condenser responses; S3: the ORC operating status and turbine response constitute the starting point for synergistic energy supply, coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and synergistic energy supply sequence, judging the degree of matching of synergistic energy supply to the load, switching the power supply mode, and controlling the energy storage and load output; S4: combining the load matching situation and output behavior, evaluating the synergistic state of cooling, heating, and electricity and the dual-source coupling state, optimizing the cooling, heating, and electricity structure based on the synergistic performance, refining the load division of labor, and reconstructing the energy supply combination.

[0036] Specifically, the following steps are taken to collect and preprocess the thermal and electrical parameters related to the coordinated energy supply, construct the thermoelectric coordinated input dataset, and perform preprocessing: The process of collecting and constructing the thermoelectric coordinated input dataset includes: installing an electric diverter valve with temperature and pressure sensors at the steam outlet of the crossbeam cold plate; real-time collection of the diverter valve outlet temperature, outlet pressure, steam temperature, and outlet pressure to construct the basic calculation parameters for ORC steam inlet energy; and setting a flow meter and temperature sensor in condenser 13 to record the steam flow rate entering and leaving the condenser, the condenser inlet temperature, and the condenser outlet temperature, while simultaneously determining the condenser design upper limit and condenser... Maximum heat exchange provides a basis for judging condensation capacity and calculating residual load; real-time power of the load connected to the output end is collected at the ORC module's generator end as the ORC output load power, and the ORC output power time series is recorded using a power monitoring unit to extract the moments of ORC output power change for response delay analysis; the photovoltaic power generation unit collects the photovoltaic direct-supply load power, and the illuminance time series is recorded using a illuminance sensor to extract the moments of illuminance change; simultaneously, the MPPT controller records the photovoltaic output power time series and identifies key nodes of photovoltaic response delay; in the total power monitoring stage, the external input power is calculated by collecting grid input voltage and grid input current, and simultaneously... The system records the total power generation of the ORC and photovoltaic system, as well as the total power load, to support the determination of self-supplied load matching value and power supply mode switching. At the distribution end, it collects the power output to characterize the overall trend of energy flow. In the ORC steam branch, it collects the ORC branch steam flow rate and records the hot water flow rate and temperature at the turbine outlet heat exchanger (terminal 10), providing hot-end data for identifying heat load fluctuations and analyzing thermal efficiency. At the total power consumption monitoring unit, it collects the power consumption time series, differentiates the power consumption time series, identifies abrupt inflection points, and extracts the corresponding time points as the moments of load power change, characterizing the high-frequency dynamic load response process. The above data collection process covers temperature, pressure, flow rate, voltage, current, power, and... Time-series signals are used to form a thermoelectric co-input dataset. This dataset is preprocessed by aligning multi-source timestamps and reconstructing continuous time sequences using a unified sampling step size, establishing a consistent time-domain structure for the multi-source data. Sliding windows and statistical methods are used to identify and remove out-of-bounds, abrupt, duplicate, and out-of-order records. Short-term interruptions are repaired by interpolation, and long-term missing records are marked and archived. Power balance between ORC output load power, photovoltaic direct-supply load power, grid input voltage, and grid input current under total load is checked by combining power sequences and load data, eliminating causal inconsistencies. Finally, the thermoelectric co-input dataset is standardized and normalized to serve as the input basis for subsequent energy supply path judgment and structural adjustment calculations.

[0037] In this implementation plan, by uniformly collecting key thermal parameters and electrical status of the diversion valve, condenser 13, ORC power generation unit, photovoltaic module and grid node, a thermoelectric collaborative input dataset covering temperature, pressure, power, flow and time series is established. Time series alignment, anomaly removal and structural standardization are completed to provide data support for subsequent steam supply and demand judgment, self-supply matching analysis and collaborative performance evaluation, which significantly improves the consistency of multi-source data and the response accuracy of control calculation.

[0038] Specifically, based on the thermoelectric co-input dataset, the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch are identified. The specific steps are as follows: The outlet temperature and pressure of the diversion valve are obtained to determine the thermodynamic state of the steam under the current operating conditions. This state point is then substituted into the state equation of the specified working fluid to obtain the enthalpy of the ORC diversion steam. Combined with the ORC diversion steam flow rate, the instantaneous energy value of the steam flowing into the ORC branch is calculated as a characterization of the steam's recoverability. Based on the existing condenser steam flow rate, condenser inlet temperature, and condenser outlet temperature, the unit condensing capacity of condenser 13 at the current moment is derived using the standard heat transfer calculation formula. The temperature difference between the condenser inlet and outlet is obtained from the difference between the condenser inlet and outlet temperatures and is further used to evaluate the heat transfer drive intensity of condenser 13. The condenser load change rate is calculated based on the rate of change of the condenser steam flow rate and temperature sequence over time, and then combined with the condenser design... The difference between the upper and lower limits is used to obtain the current remaining heat exchange capacity of the condenser. Simultaneously, the outlet temperature sequence of the condenser at full load stage is extracted, the standard deviation of temperature fluctuation is calculated, and normalized with the maximum heat exchange to form a condensing margin fine-tuning term, used to adjust the response sensitivity near the load boundary. The maximum inlet enthalpy of the steam working fluid specified in the equipment parameter table is read to determine the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy, which serves as the operating boundary of the ORC branch. Then, the difference between the ORC steam inlet energy and the condenser's unit condensing capacity is used as the numerator, and the ORC steam inlet energy plus one is used as the denominator to calculate the ratio term of the first part. The remaining heat exchange capacity of the condenser is then divided by the sum of the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy and the condensing margin fine-tuning term, added to one, and the natural logarithm is taken before adding one again to form the multiplier term of the second part. Finally, the results of the two parts are multiplied to obtain the steam supply and demand deviation value reflecting the competitive situation between the main condensing path and the ORC branch.

[0039] The specific calculation method for the steam supply-demand deviation is as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, This indicates the deviation between steam supply and demand. Indicates the energy at the ORC steam inlet. This represents the unit condensing capacity value of the condenser. This indicates the remaining heat exchange capacity of the condenser. This indicates the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy. This indicates the condensation margin fine-tuning term.

[0042] In this implementation plan, a steam supply and demand deviation value is constructed by combining the normalized difference between the ORC steam inlet energy and the condenser unit condensing capacity value, and the adjustment factor composed of the condenser's remaining heat exchange capacity value, the upper limit of the ORC design enthalpy value, and the condensing margin fine-tuning term. This value serves as the basis for determining the direction of steam distribution and is used to guide the adjustment of the diversion valve and the ORC start-up and shutdown control, thereby improving the accuracy and response efficiency of steam energy flow regulation.

[0043] Specifically, adjusting the diversion valve and ORC operating status to coordinate turbine and condenser responses involves the following steps: Determine the steam distribution strategy based on the current supply-demand deviation of high-temperature steam between the main condenser and the ORC branch: Real-time comparison of steam supply-demand deviation values ​​with guidance thresholds, including primary and secondary guidance thresholds, used to classify the adjustment levels of steam distribution trends; When the steam supply-demand deviation value is greater than or equal to the primary guidance threshold, it is determined that steam is more suitable for guiding to the ORC branch. At this time, the diversion valve opening is increased to guide more high-temperature steam into the ORC module, increasing the turbine load operating rate, and starting the ORC dedicated condenser 13 air-cooled component to enhance condensation efficiency; When the steam supply-demand deviation value is greater than the secondary guidance threshold but less than the primary threshold... When the guide threshold is reached, it is determined that the supply and demand of the main condenser and the ORC branch are approaching equilibrium. The current opening of the diversion valve is maintained, and only dynamic fine-tuning is performed on it. At the same time, the minimum start-stop interval of the ORC module is set to avoid efficiency loss caused by frequent switching. If the load of condenser 13 is detected to reach the maximum heat exchange of the condenser, the diversion ratio is appropriately reduced, and some steam is returned to the main condenser path to release the load. When the steam supply and demand deviation is less than or equal to the secondary guide threshold, the steam tends to guide condenser 13. The diversion valve should be closed immediately to introduce all the steam into condenser 13. At the same time, the ORC module stops working, the turbine is kept in a low-speed operation state to protect the equipment, and the load change of condenser 13 is continuously monitored. The air cooling heat dissipation power is increased in a timely manner to ensure stable operation of the condensation path.

[0044] In this implementation scheme, by comparing the steam supply and demand deviation with the graded guidance threshold, the opening of the diversion valve and the operating status of the ORC are dynamically adjusted to achieve intelligent distribution of high-temperature steam between the main condenser and the ORC branch. This process automatically controls the turbine start-up and shutdown and the load of condenser 13 according to the load balance, ensuring the sensitivity of the steam diversion response and the stability of energy utilization.

[0045] Specifically, the ORC operating status and turbine response constitute the starting point for coordinated power supply, coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and the sequence of coordinated power supply. The specific steps are as follows: Calculate the sum of the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct supply load power at the current moment as the total power generation capacity; determine the power supply priority based on the coverage of the total power generation capacity to the total load, with the power supply priority ranking taking load urgency, equipment task level, and response delay as reference conditions, prioritizing the power allocation to ORC auxiliary equipment, main loads, and low-latency demand nodes; control the priority power supply targets of photovoltaic power, ensuring that its output first covers task segments with high response requirements and low fluctuation tolerance, and then extends to secondary loads, coordinating the power supply sequence of photovoltaic direct supply and ORC module power generation to achieve orderly scheduling and joint output of local power generation.

[0046] In this implementation plan, power supply priority is dynamically set based on the total power generation capacity of ORC and photovoltaics and their coverage of the current load. The photovoltaic output sequence is allocated according to the task level and response requirements, and the power supply rhythm of local power generation is coordinated among different loads, thereby improving the efficiency of multi-source power utilization and the flexibility of power supply regulation.

[0047] Specifically, the steps for determining the matching degree of coordinated power supply to the load are as follows: Calculate the instantaneous active power based on the grid input voltage and current to obtain the current grid-supplied load power, which is used to measure the system's dependence on external power sources; compare the time interval between the load power change moment and the ORC output power change moment to obtain the ORC generation response delay, reflecting the ORC module's responsiveness to dynamic loads; subtract the time of change in light intensity from the time of change in photovoltaic output to obtain the photovoltaic power response delay, used to assess the photovoltaic power supply's adaptability to environmental disturbances; obtain the current ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct-supply load power as the power benchmark for subsequent calculations; square the difference between the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct-supply load power as the numerator, and use the grid-supplied load power as the numerator. Adding one to the denominator, the result of the fraction is added to one, and then the natural logarithm is taken to form the first part of the result, which is used to express the nonlinearity of local power balance and grid dependence. Taking the square root of the product of ORC power generation response delay and photovoltaic power response delay as the numerator of the second part, the sum of the two delays and the load response tolerance factor is used as the denominator. The ratio is then subtracted by one to form the second part of the result, which represents the dynamic response capability of local power generation. The load response tolerance factor is obtained by taking the maximum value of the minimum control response time step of photovoltaic modules and ORC power generation units, with a value range of 0.2-0.5. Multiplying the two parts of the result, the self-supply load fit value is finally obtained, which is used to characterize the current adaptability and response efficiency of ORC and photovoltaic to load demand, and provides a basis for power supply mode regulation and energy storage strategy judgment.

[0048] The specific calculation method for the self-supplied load matching value is as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] In the formula, This indicates the self-supplied load matching value. Indicates the ORC output load power. Indicates the direct load power supplied by photovoltaics. Indicates the power of the load supplied by the power grid. This indicates a delay in ORC power generation response. Indicates photovoltaic power response delay, This represents the load response tolerance factor.

[0051] In this implementation plan, the deviation between local power generation and load demand is calculated, and combined with the response delay of ORC and photovoltaics, a self-supply load matching value is generated to evaluate the matching degree of current coordinated energy supply and support the determination of subsequent power supply mode switching and energy storage control strategies.

[0052] Specifically, the power supply mode is switched to control energy storage and load output. The specific steps are as follows: Power supply strategy is determined based on the self-supply load matching value: The self-supply load matching value is compared with the power supply coordination threshold in real time. The power supply coordination threshold includes a primary power supply coordination threshold and a secondary power supply coordination threshold, used to classify response strategies under different power supply scenarios. When the self-supply load matching value is greater than or equal to the primary power supply coordination threshold, it is determined that the local power supply can stably cover the load. The grid connection is disconnected, and the local power supply priority state is entered. All photovoltaic power is allocated to the main load, maintaining the continuous operation of the ORC module. The energy storage battery discharge is suspended and converted to energy storage to fully utilize the current power generation capacity. When the self-supply load matching value is greater than the secondary power supply coordination threshold, the power supply strategy is determined based on the self-supply load matching value. When the local power generation is below the first-level power supply coordination threshold, it indicates that local power generation can partially cover the load but there is a response delay. The photovoltaic and grid power supply are maintained in a joint state. When power consumption changes and inflection points are identified, the ORC module is activated to provide supplementary support during load fluctuations. The energy storage unit intervenes simultaneously to supplement power output in unstable intervals. When the self-supplied load matching value is less than or equal to the second-level power supply coordination threshold, it is determined that local power generation is insufficient. The system switches to the main power supply from the grid, shuts down the turbine power generation function but retains the cooling circuit operation, increases the discharge power of the energy storage unit to cope with the instantaneous power gap, and simultaneously shuts down non-critical load equipment to compress the total power output range and ensure system operation stability.

[0053] In this implementation plan, based on the graded judgment results of the self-supply load matching value, the local power generation and grid power supply modes are dynamically switched, and the ORC start-up and shutdown status, photovoltaic distribution objects and energy storage unit discharge and charging strategies are adjusted in conjunction to achieve flexible response to load changes and stable control of multi-source power supply.

[0054] Specifically, by combining load matching and output behavior, the evaluation of the synergistic effect of cooling, heating, and electricity and the dual-source coupling status is carried out through the following steps: Substituting the ORC split steam flow rate and ORC split steam enthalpy into the heat-work calculation formula, the heat source output power is calculated; the ratio of ORC output load power to heat source output power is calculated to obtain the thermal energy utilization efficiency, which measures the effectiveness of heat energy conversion into electrical energy; the ratio between the total power generation of the ORC module and photovoltaic system and the real-time total power load is compared to obtain the power supply-demand matching rate, which measures the local power generation's support capacity for the overall load; the hot water flow rate and outlet temperature at the heat exchanger outlet are collected to construct a heat power time series, and the difference between the maximum and minimum heat power values ​​is extracted within a fixed time window to obtain the heat load variation range; the power consumption time series is read, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are calculated within the same window. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​yields the magnitude of electrical load variation. The ratio of these two values ​​is used as the ratio of cooling and heating demand variation, reflecting the consistency of cooling and heating load fluctuations. The fluctuations in heat source output power and power supply output power are analyzed. Within a 60-second sliding window, a moving average filter is used to remove high-frequency disturbances, and the standard deviation under steady-state conditions is calculated to obtain the coordinated output stability. Subsequently, the arithmetic mean of thermal energy utilization efficiency and power supply-demand matching rate is calculated as the first part of the result. The ratio of cooling and heating demand variation is used as the numerator, and the square of the coordinated output stability plus one is used as the denominator. The negative value of the ratio is taken as the exponent, and the natural exponential function is calculated and subtracted from the result to form the multiplier term in the second part. Finally, the two parts are multiplied to obtain the dual-coupling matching value, which serves as the overall evaluation index for the coordinated operation of the three power sources (cooling, heating, and electricity).

[0055] The specific calculation method for the dual-coupling matching value is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] In the formula, Indicates the double-coupling matching value. Indicates thermal energy utilization efficiency. Indicates the electricity supply and demand matching rate. This indicates the ratio of changes in heating and cooling demand. This indicates the stability of the collaborative output.

[0058] Table 1 shows the dual-coupling matching value data table provided in the embodiments of this application. The thermal efficiency of matching 1 is set to 0.63, the power supply-demand matching rate is set to 0.68, the cooling-heating demand variation ratio is set to 0.60, and the cooperative output stability is set to 0.90; the thermal efficiency of matching 2 is set to 0.70, the power supply-demand matching rate is set to 0.71, the cooling-heating demand variation ratio is set to 0.66, and the cooperative output stability is set to 0.85; the thermal efficiency of matching 3 is set to 0.74, and the power supply-demand matching rate is set to 0.7. 6. The ratio of hot and cold demand variation is set to 0.75, and the collaborative output stability is set to 0.80; the thermal energy utilization efficiency of matching 4 is set to 0.82, the power supply and demand matching rate is set to 0.83, the ratio of hot and cold demand variation is set to 0.78, and the collaborative output stability is set to 0.75; the thermal energy utilization efficiency of matching 5 is set to 0.88, the power supply and demand matching rate is set to 0.89, the ratio of hot and cold demand variation is set to 0.84, and the collaborative output stability is set to 0.70.

[0059] Table 1. Data Table of Dual Coupling Matching Values

[0060]

[0061] like Figure 3 The figure shows a trend chart of dual-coupling matching values ​​provided in an embodiment of this application. According to the data in the image and table, the set first-level matching threshold is 0.30, the second-level matching threshold is 0.25, and the dual-coupling matching values ​​corresponding to the five matching numbers are between 0.18 and 0.38, showing a generally stable upward trend. The matching values ​​of Match 1 and Match 2 are 0.18 and 0.22 respectively, both lower than the second-level threshold, reflecting a low degree of coupling in the operation of cooling, heating, and electricity. The matching value of Match 3 is 0.28, located between the second-level and first-level thresholds, indicating that the coordination state has improved but is still in the transition range. The matching values ​​of Match 4 and Match 5 are 0.32 and 0.38 respectively, both exceeding the first-level threshold, indicating a high degree of coordination and no need for structural adjustment. This figure can be used to intuitively identify changes in the level of coordination in the operation of cooling, heating, and electricity, providing an auxiliary basis for subsequent structural reconstruction, rhythm adjustment, and priority allocation strategies.

[0062] In this implementation plan, by calculating thermal energy utilization efficiency, power supply and demand matching rate, cooling and heating load fluctuation ratio and coordinated output stability, a dual coupling matching value is generated to comprehensively evaluate the coordination level of the three sources of cooling, heating and electricity in dynamic operation, providing a quantitative basis for subsequent structural reconfiguration and energy supply optimization.

[0063] Specifically, the cooling, heating, and power (CHP) structure is optimized based on synergistic performance, load allocation is refined, and energy supply combinations are restructured. The specific steps are as follows: The CHP structure and load distribution strategy are adjusted hierarchically based on the dual-coupling matching value: The dual-coupling matching value is compared with the matching threshold in real time. The matching threshold includes a primary matching threshold and a secondary matching threshold. When the dual-coupling matching value is greater than or equal to the primary matching threshold, the current CHP distribution structure is fixed, maintaining the existing flow path and load sharing ratio. The turbine and photovoltaic power supply load partitions are allocated and corresponding tasks are bound to maintain a stable operating state. When the dual-coupling matching value is greater than the secondary matching threshold but less than the primary matching threshold, it is in a moderately coordinated state, and the output current of the photovoltaic power supply is controlled to vary. To mitigate frequent fluctuations, the system utilizes energy storage units to buffer sudden gaps when a supply-demand imbalance is detected. When the dual-coupling matching value is less than or equal to the secondary matching threshold, a cooling-heating imbalance is identified, requiring structural adjustments to reconstruct the cooling-heating load distribution structure. Real-time fluctuation characteristics are identified based on the rate and amplitude of change in the photovoltaic direct-supply load power and the ORC output load power, limiting the maximum fluctuation range to ±15%. If the instantaneous change exceeds this range, a power reduction ratio of no less than 20% is implemented, and the response control command is delayed by 1-3 sampling cycles. Simultaneously, the shunt adjustment frequency is increased to 1.5 times the original frequency to enhance the system's rapid and stable control capabilities.

[0064] In this implementation scheme, the cold and heat source allocation structure and load task division are dynamically adjusted according to the graded judgment results of the dual coupling matching value. Under low matching state, the power fluctuation range is limited, the reduction ratio and response delay are set to improve the system's ability to cope with coordination imbalance and fluctuation disturbances, and ensure the stability and controllability of multi-source power supply.

[0065] like Figure 2The diagram shows a schematic of the two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply system provided in this embodiment of the application. The two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply system provided in this embodiment of the application applies a two-phase cold-plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply method, including: a thermoelectric data acquisition module, a steam energy flow control module, a dual-source co-power supply module, and a co-power efficiency evaluation module. The thermoelectric data acquisition module is used to collect thermal parameters and electrical status related to co-power supply, covering the diversion valve, condenser 13, ORC module, photovoltaic module, and grid nodes, constructing a thermoelectric co-power input dataset containing temperature, pressure, power, and time series, and completing time-series alignment, anomaly removal, and structural standardization preprocessing. The steam energy flow control module is used to... According to the data collection, the system identifies the supply and demand differences of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and ORC branch, calculates the steam supply and demand deviation value, adjusts the opening of the diversion valve and the start and stop status of ORC, and controls the turbine operation rhythm and load distribution of condenser 13 in conjunction with the control. The dual-source collaborative power supply module is used to take the ORC operation status and turbine response as the starting point for collaborative power supply, coordinate the photovoltaic power supply structure and power supply sequence, judge the adaptability of local power generation by combining the self-supply load matching value, switch the power supply mode of photovoltaic, grid and energy storage, and control the charging and discharging rhythm of energy storage unit and load output logic. The collaborative efficiency evaluation module is used to combine the load matching situation and power fluctuation behavior, evaluate the cold, heat and power synergy and dual-source coupling status based on the dual coupling matching value, optimize the cold and heat source structure and power distribution strategy according to the evaluation results, refine the load division and reconstruct the multi-source power supply combination scheme.

[0066] In this implementation plan, by setting up four modules—thermal and power data acquisition, steam regulation, dual-source energy supply, and collaborative evaluation—a closed-loop collaborative mechanism is established, encompassing data acquisition, status identification, strategy execution, and structural optimization. This enables the judgment of thermo-power linkage and dynamic adjustment of the energy supply structure driven by multiple source parameters, thereby improving the overall coordination and response efficiency of the operation.

[0067] like Figure 4The diagram shows a schematic of a two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic synergistic power supply structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, the high heat flux generated by chip 6 is absorbed by the two-phase cold plate 7 and converted into steam. After the flow direction is regulated by the diversion valve 4 and separated by the gas-liquid separator 5, the dry steam enters the organic Rankine cycle system 3 to drive the generator to generate electricity. The exhaust steam is condensed by the condenser to form condensate and then flows back to the liquid storage tank 9. The liquid is then pumped back into the cooling circuit by the replenishment pump 8. Steam that does not enter the ORC branch is directly sent to the condenser 13 to complete the main condensation. The recovered heat is transferred to the terminals via the heat exchanger 10, supplying residential building 11 and office building 12 respectively, realizing waste heat utilization. For the power supply, the DC power provided by the solar photovoltaic panel 2 is regulated by energy management and works in conjunction with the energy storage power station 1 to supply power to the load, ensuring power supply stability and energy cleanliness. The entire structure achieves synergistic linkage between chip heat dissipation, waste heat recovery, and photovoltaic power supply, improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of thermal and electrical resources.

[0068] like Figure 5 The diagram shown illustrates a direct photovoltaic power supply structure in an embodiment of the present invention. The solar energy storage panel outputs a stable voltage via an MPPT controller, directly powering the ORC module's replenishment pump system and electric shunt valve, while also providing auxiliary power support to the data center. The MPPT controller, as the core of voltage regulation, dynamically tracks changes in light intensity to achieve maximum power point matching of the power output, ensuring efficient utilization of photovoltaic power under different irradiance conditions. This structure enables direct solar power supply to key control components and data center loads, enhancing the autonomy and cleanliness of energy use and reducing dependence on the external power grid.

[0069] like Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic of the ORC waste heat recovery and multi-purpose energy output structure in an embodiment of the present invention. High-temperature steam is distributed by a diversion valve and enters the ORC module, driving the turbine to perform work and converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. The turbine output is connected to multiple energy consumption scenarios: part of the energy is used to drive lighting equipment in the data center office area and public areas; another part preheats domestic water through a heat exchange process and is then delivered to the heating system to meet the building's internal heat demand. This structure distributes and utilizes steam heat energy through multiple paths via the ORC module, achieving coordinated output for lighting, heating, and hot water supply, thus improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of waste heat and the diversity of terminal energy supply.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic co-power supply method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: Collecting the thermal parameters and power state related to cooperative power supply, constructing a heat and power cooperative input data set and preprocessing; S2: Based on the heat and power cooperative input data set, identifying the supply and demand difference of high-temperature steam in the main condensation and ORC branch, adjusting the shunt valve and ORC operating state, and coordinating the turbine and condenser response; The specific steps of identifying the supply and demand difference of high-temperature steam in the main condensation and ORC branch based on the heat and power cooperative input data set are as follows: The high heat flux generated by the chip (6) is absorbed by the two-phase cold plate (7) and converted into steam. After separation by the gas-liquid separator (5), the flow direction is adjusted by the adjusting shunt valve (4). Part of the steam enters the ORC branch to generate power and drive the turbine to work. The steam that does not enter the ORC branch is sent to the condenser (13) to complete the main condensation. The shunt valve outlet temperature and shunt valve outlet pressure are obtained, the corresponding steam thermodynamic state is determined, and the steam thermodynamic state is substituted into the specified working medium state equation to obtain the ORC shunt steam enthalpy value. The ORC steam inlet energy is calculated in combination with the ORC shunt steam flow; Under the premise of the existing condenser steam flow, condenser inlet temperature and condenser outlet temperature, the condenser unit condensing capacity value is derived according to the standard heat exchange formula; The condenser inlet and outlet temperature difference is calculated from the difference between the condenser inlet temperature and the condenser outlet temperature; The condenser steam flow, condenser inlet temperature and condenser outlet temperature change rate in time series are calculated to obtain the condenser load change rate, and the condenser design upper limit is taken to form the condenser remaining heat exchange capacity value; During the full load operation of the condenser (13), the continuous data sequence of the condenser outlet temperature is extracted, the temperature fluctuation standard deviation is calculated, and the condenser maximum heat exchange capacity is normalized and combined to generate the condenser margin fine tuning term; The maximum inlet enthalpy value of the steam working medium obtained from the device specification parameters is read to obtain the ORC design enthalpy upper limit; The difference between the ORC steam inlet energy and the condenser unit condensing capacity is taken as the numerator, and the ORC steam inlet energy plus one is taken as the denominator to calculate the ratio of the first part; The condenser remaining heat exchange capacity is divided by the sum of the ORC design enthalpy upper limit and the condenser margin fine tuning term, and then added by one to take the natural logarithm, and then added by one to form the multiplier term of the second part; Finally, the ratio of the first part and the multiplier term of the second part are multiplied to obtain the steam supply and demand deviation value; The specific steps of adjusting the shunt valve and ORC operating state and coordinating the turbine and condenser response are as follows: According to the current cold plate high temperature steam supply and demand deviation between the main condensation and ORC branch, the steam distribution strategy is determined: real-time comparison of steam supply and demand deviation value and guide threshold, the guide threshold includes first level guide threshold and second level guide threshold; when the steam supply and demand deviation value is greater than or equal to the first level guide threshold, the split valve opening is increased, more high temperature steam is introduced into the ORC module, the turbine load running speed is improved, and the ORC dedicated condenser (13) air cooling component is started; when the steam supply and demand deviation value is greater than the second level guide threshold and less than the first level guide threshold, the current opening of the split valve is maintained, only dynamic fine tuning is performed, the ORC module minimum start-stop interval is set, when the condenser (13) load reaches the maximum heat exchange capacity of the condenser, the split ratio is reduced, and the steam is introduced into the main condensation path; when the steam supply and demand deviation value is less than or equal to the second level guide threshold, the split valve is closed, all steam is introduced into the condenser (13), the ORC module stops working and the turbine speed is reduced, and the condenser (13) load is monitored and the heat dissipation power is increased; S3: the ORC operating state and turbine response constitute a cooperative energy supply starting point, coordinate the photovoltaic power supply structure and the cooperative energy supply sequence, judge the matching degree of cooperative energy supply to the load, switch the power supply mode, control the energy storage and load output; S4: combined with the load matching condition and output behavior, evaluate the cold heat electricity cooperation and double source coupling state, optimize the cold heat electricity structure according to the cooperative performance, refine the load division and reconstruct the energy supply combination.

2. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of collecting the thermal parameters and power states related to cooperative energy supply, constructing the thermal-electricity cooperation input data set and preprocessing are as follows: The thermal parameters and power states related to the cooperative power supply are collected, and the construction process of the heat and electricity cooperative input data set includes: installing an electric shunt valve with temperature and pressure sensors at the steam outlet of the beam cold plate, collecting the outlet temperature of the shunt valve, the outlet pressure of the shunt valve, the outlet steam temperature of the shunt, and the outlet pressure of the shunt in real time; setting a flow meter and a temperature sensor in the condenser (13) to record the condenser steam flow, the condenser inlet temperature and the condenser outlet temperature, and determine the condenser design upper limit and the condenser maximum heat exchange capacity in combination with the design parameters; collecting the real-time power of the output end connected load at the ORC module power generation end as the ORC output load power, and using the power monitoring unit to record the ORC output power time sequence and extract the ORC output power change time from it; collecting the photovoltaic direct supply load power of the photovoltaic power generation unit, using the light intensity sensor to record the light intensity time sequence, and extracting the light intensity change time from it; using the MPPT controller to record the photovoltaic output power time sequence, and extracting the photovoltaic output change time from it; in the total power monitoring link, the external input power is calculated by collecting the grid input voltage and grid input current, and the total power generation of ORC and photovoltaic and the total load of electricity are recorded; collecting the power output of the power supply at the power distribution end; collecting the ORC shunt steam flow at the ORC steam branch, and recording the outlet water flow and the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger at the outlet heat exchanger (10) of the turbine; collecting the power time sequence of the total power monitoring unit, taking the derivative of the power time sequence and identifying the inflection point, and extracting the corresponding time point as the load power change time; the above collection process covers temperature, pressure, flow, voltage, current, power and time sequence signals, and forms a heat and electricity cooperative input data set; The heat and electricity cooperative input data set is preprocessed, the multiple source time stamps are aligned, and the continuous time sequence is reconstructed according to the uniform sampling step; the sliding window and statistical method are used to identify and eliminate the out-of-bound, mutation, repetition and wrong sequence records, the short-time interruption is interpolated and repaired, and the long-time missing is marked and archived; the power balance of the ORC output load power, the photovoltaic direct supply load power, the grid input voltage and the grid input current under the total load of electricity is checked; the heat and electricity cooperative input data set is standardized and normalized.

3. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ORC operating state and turbine response constitute the starting point of cooperative power supply, and the specific steps of coordinating the photovoltaic power supply structure and the cooperative power supply sequence are as follows: The sum of the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct supply load power at the current time is calculated as the total power generation capacity; the power supply priority is determined according to the coverage degree of the total power generation capacity to the total load of electricity, the priority power supply object of photovoltaic power is controlled, and the power supply sequence of photovoltaic direct supply and ORC module power generation is coordinated.

4. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of judging the matching degree of cooperative power supply to the load are as follows: The grid power supply load power is obtained according to the grid input voltage and the grid input current and the instantaneous active power; the ORC power generation response delay is obtained by comparing the interval between the load power change time and the ORC output power change time; the photovoltaic power response delay is obtained by subtracting the light intensity change time from the photovoltaic output change time; the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct supply load power are obtained; The difference between the ORC output load power and the photovoltaic direct supply load power is calculated and squared as the numerator, the grid power supply load power plus one is taken as the denominator, the fractional result is calculated, one is added, and the natural logarithm is taken to form the first part result; the product of the ORC power generation response delay and the photovoltaic power response delay is calculated and the square root is taken as the numerator of the second part, the sum of the ORC power generation response delay and the photovoltaic power response delay and the load response tolerance factor is taken as the denominator, the quotient is calculated, one is subtracted, and the second part result is obtained; the two parts are multiplied to obtain the self-supply load matching value.

5. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific steps of controlling the energy storage and load output in the switching power supply mode are as follows: According to the self-supply load matching value, the power supply strategy is determined: the self-supply load matching value is compared with the power supply cooperation threshold in real time, and the power supply cooperation threshold includes a first power supply cooperation threshold and a second power supply cooperation threshold; When the self-supply load matching value is greater than or equal to the first power supply cooperation threshold, the grid connection is cut off, the local power supply priority state is entered, the photovoltaic power is distributed to the main load, the ORC module is kept running, and the energy storage battery is suspended from discharging to become energy storage; when the self-supply load matching value is greater than the second power supply cooperation threshold and less than the first power supply cooperation threshold, the photovoltaic and grid combined power supply state is maintained, the ORC module is started to run when the power consumption power mutation and inflection point turning are identified, and the energy storage unit supplements the power output; when the self-supply load matching value is less than or equal to the second power supply cooperation threshold, the grid main power supply is switched to, the turbine generator is turned off to reserve the cooling function, the energy storage unit discharge power is increased, and the non-critical load equipment is turned off to reduce the total power output.

6. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of evaluating the cold, heat and electricity cooperation and the dual-source coupling state by combining the load matching condition and the output behavior are as follows: The heat source output power is calculated by substituting the ORC shunt steam flow and the ORC shunt steam enthalpy value into the heat work calculation formula; the heat energy utilization efficiency is obtained by calculating the ratio of the ORC output load power to the heat source output power; the electricity supply and demand matching rate is obtained by comparing the ratio of the total power generation of the ORC module and the photovoltaic to the total real-time power consumption load; the heat power sequence is calculated by collecting the outlet hot water flow of the heat exchanger and the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger; the heat load variation amplitude is obtained by taking the difference between the maximum heat power and the minimum heat power in a fixed time window; the electricity load variation amplitude is obtained by reading the power consumption power time sequence and extracting the difference between the maximum power consumption power and the minimum power consumption power in a fixed time window; the cold and heat demand change ratio is obtained by calculating the ratio of the heat load variation amplitude to the electricity load variation amplitude; the cooperative output stability is obtained by analyzing the standard deviation of the output fluctuation of the heat source output power and the power source output power in a fixed window; The arithmetic mean of the heat energy utilization efficiency and the electricity supply and demand matching rate is calculated as the first part result. The second part multiplier term is obtained by taking the ratio of the cold and heat demand change ratio as the numerator and the square of the cooperative output stability as the denominator, taking the negative value of the ratio as the index, performing a natural exponential function calculation, and subtracting the calculation result from 1.

7. The two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cogeneration method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of refining the load division and reconstructing the energy supply combination according to the cooperative performance optimization of the cold, heat and power structure are as follows: According to the double-coupling matching value, the cold, heat and power structure and the load distribution strategy are adjusted: the double-coupling matching value and the matching threshold are compared in real time, and the matching threshold includes a first matching threshold and a second matching threshold; When the double-coupling matching value is greater than or equal to the first matching threshold, the current cold and heat source distribution structure is fixed, the existing flow path and load sharing ratio are maintained, the load partition of the turbine and the photovoltaic power supply is distributed and the corresponding task is bound; when the double-coupling matching value is greater than the second matching threshold and less than the first matching threshold, the photovoltaic power supply output current change rate is controlled, and the energy storage unit is enabled to buffer the burst gap; when the double-coupling matching value is less than or equal to the second matching threshold, the cold and heat load distribution structure is reconstructed, the real-time fluctuation characteristics are identified according to the change rate and fluctuation amplitude of the photovoltaic direct supply load power and the ORC output load power, the variation amplitude is limited, and when the variation amplitude exceeds the limit, the response is delayed and the frequency of shunt regulation is improved.

8. A two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cooperative power supply system, applying the two-phase cold plate liquid-cooled ORC waste heat recovery and photovoltaic cooperative power supply method of any one of claims 1-7, comprising: The thermoelectric data acquisition module, the steam energy flow regulation module, the double-source cooperative energy supply module and the cooperative efficiency evaluation module are characterized in that: The thermoelectric data acquisition module is used to acquire the thermodynamic parameters and power states related to cooperative energy supply, construct a thermoelectric cooperative input data set and preprocess it; The steam energy flow regulation module is used to identify the supply-demand difference of high-temperature steam in the main condenser and the ORC branch based on the thermoelectric cooperative input data set, adjust the shunt valve and the ORC operating state, and coordinate the turbine and the condenser response; The double-source cooperative energy supply module is used to form a cooperative energy supply starting point based on the ORC operating state and the turbine response, coordinate the photovoltaic power supply structure and the cooperative energy supply sequence, judge the matching degree of cooperative energy supply to the load, switch the power supply mode, and control the energy storage and load output; The cooperative efficiency evaluation module is used to evaluate the cold, heat and power cooperation and the double-source coupling state in combination with the load matching condition and the output behavior, refine the load division and reconstruct the energy supply combination according to the cooperative performance optimization of the cold, heat and power structure.

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