Piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanometer generator utilizing bridge suspension cable vibration energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nano generator utilizing vibration energy of a bridge suspension cable, which is characterized in that an internal linear bearing repeatedly swings on the suspension cable, the linear bearing drives an excitation magnet to move together, and the excitation magnet excites an excited magnet to move; the excited magnet drives the flange linear bearings on the two sides to move together, the flange bearings move along the suspension cable, a paper folding structure composed of the connecting piece and the piezoelectric piece clamping frame is driven, and the piezoelectric pieces are excited through movement to generate electricity. The excitation magnet penetrates through the copper coil on the shell in the left-right swinging process, and electricity is generated according to the electromagnetic electricity generation principle. The invention relates to the field of nano-generators, in particular to a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nano-generator utilizing vibration energy of a bridge suspension cable. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic nano-generator is simple in structure and does not need complex mechanical moving parts generally, so that mechanical faults and maintenance cost can be reduced. As long as the design is reasonable and the maintenance frequency is low, long-term stable work can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nanogenerators, in particular to a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing bridge suspension vibration energy. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing severity of energy crisis and environmental problems, finding sustainable and clean energy has become a global focus. The consumption of traditional energy not only puts great pressure on the environment, but also is limited in resources, making it urgent to develop new energy harvesting and utilization technologies. Nanogenerators, as a new type of energy conversion device, have shown great potential in various micro energy harvesting applications due to their small size and high energy conversion efficiency.

[0003] In urban infrastructure, bridges serve as important transportation facilities, and the traffic flow and weather changes on them often produce complex vibrations. These vibrations not only affect the stability and safety of the bridge, but also contain a lot of energy. If these vibration energies can be effectively collected, it will provide sustainable power for low-power devices, especially in the field of health monitoring and maintenance of infrastructure such as bridges, roads, and railways.

[0004] Suspension bridges, due to their unique structural design, often produce significant vibrations under the influence of wind, traffic load, and other factors. The suspension part of the bridge is particularly susceptible to frequent dynamic loads, and these vibrations have certain regularity and periodicity. Although the suspension vibration energy is generally small, due to the long vibration period and stable frequency, it can provide a continuous and stable energy source for micro energy harvesting devices.

[0005] Piezoelectric materials can generate electric charge when subjected to external forces, making them an ideal choice for collecting mechanical energy from vibrations. Combined with the dynamic vibration of bridge suspensions, piezoelectric materials can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Electromagnetic generator mechanism utilizes the principle of interaction between magnetic field and conductor to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Through the change of magnetic field caused by bridge vibration, electromagnetic generator can generate a certain current, achieving energy conversion while having high energy output stability. Nanogenerators utilize the high efficiency of nanomaterials (such as nanometer piezoelectric materials or nanowires) to provide higher energy conversion efficiency at the microscale. The application of nanotechnology not only enhances the ability to capture vibration energy, but also improves the power density of the generator without increasing the size and weight of the device.

[0006] Combining with the characteristics of bridge suspension vibration energy, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator technology based on piezoelectric effect and electromagnetic effect can not only effectively capture the weak energy in the vibration, but also realize efficient energy conversion. The generator can not only provide stable power supply for the bridge health monitoring system, but also can be widely applied in other environments requiring low-power power supply, and has important practical significance. Therefore, it is necessary to design a nanogenerator for bridge suspension vibration energy collection. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing bridge suspension vibration energy, so as to solve the problem that the bridge suspension will vibrate in multiple types under the excitation of wind, rain and vehicle driving in the environment, improve the safety of the bridge through vibration monitoring, and capture the vibration energy.

[0008] The technical means adopted by the application are as follows: The application provides a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing bridge suspension vibration energy, which comprises a bridge suspension, a shell bottom cover, a piezoelectric sheet, a piezoelectric sheet holder, a connecting sheet, a connecting plate, an excitation magnet, an excited magnet, a slide, a linear bearing, a flange linear bearing, a copper coil and a shell.

[0009] Furthermore, the bridge suspension cable is located at the center of the generator and embedded inside the generator; the outer casing bottom cover is located at both ends of the entire device, and has a movement groove for the piezoelectric element inside, which can fix the piezoelectric element to facilitate better power generation; one end of the piezoelectric element moves longitudinally in the outer casing bottom cover, and the other end of the piezoelectric element is fixed to the piezoelectric element clamping frame by an interference fit, so that the piezoelectric element can move together with the piezoelectric element clamping frame; the piezoelectric element clamping frame is connected to the connecting piece by a rotating shaft, which can realize free rotation between the piezoelectric element clamping frame and the connecting piece, ensuring that the movement is not restricted; the connecting piece is connected to the connecting plate by a rotating shaft, which can drive the connecting piece to rotate when the connecting plate moves; the connection between the connecting piece and the piezoelectric element clamping frame by the rotating shaft can form a folding structure, and the movement can excite the piezoelectric element to realize the piezoelectric element... The device generates electricity. The connecting plate is bolted to the flange linear bearing, allowing the connecting plate to move along with the flange linear bearing as it moves. The excitation magnet is interference-fitted to the linear bearing, allowing the linear bearing to move during suspension vibration, thus moving the excitation magnet. The excited magnet is glued to the flange linear bearing, allowing the excited magnet to move and drive the flange linear bearing. The slide rails are welded to the bottom covers at both ends of the device, positioned on either side of the bottom covers. The slide rails restrict the flange linear bearing's linear movement, ensuring the device's stability. The copper coil is inlaid to the outer casing, generating current by cutting magnetic lines of force during the excitation magnet's movement.

[0010] The piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator described above, which utilizes the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables, operates on the following principle: when the suspension cable receives external excitation, it will vibrate regularly. The specific mathematical model of bridge suspension cable vibration is as follows: The process of suspension cable motion is visualized by establishing a rectangular coordinate system. The u-axis represents the direction of vibration propagation on the suspension cable, and the v-axis represents the vertical direction. When v=0, the bridge suspension cable does not vibrate. The displacement generated by the suspension cable during vibration can be expressed as: ; In the above formula, A represents the vibration amplitude; q represents the vibration wave number, specifically q = 2π / L; ω represents the angular frequency, specifically ω = 2π / T; and T represents the period of the vibration wave. The angular velocity θ(u,t) of the generator on the suspension cable is expressed as: ; The generator on the suspension cable generates mechanical motion due to the vibration of the cable. The linear bearing inside the generator swings repeatedly on the cable, which drives the excitation magnet to move together. The excitation magnet in turn drives the driven magnet to move, which in turn drives the flange linear bearings on both sides to move together. The flange bearings move along the cable, driving the origami structure composed of the connecting plate and the piezoelectric plate clamping frame. The movement excites the piezoelectric plate to generate electricity. As the excitation magnet swings left and right, it passes through the copper coil on the outer shell, generating electricity using the principle of electromagnetic power generation.

[0011] The advantages of this invention are as follows: Bridge suspension cables vibrate under the influence of external factors such as wind, vehicle traffic, or earthquakes. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator can effectively convert these mechanical vibrations into electrical energy. This allows it to fully utilize the daily vibrations of the bridge as an energy source. The system can operate continuously around the clock; as long as the bridge is continuously subjected to external vibration sources (such as wind, traffic, or even seismic activity), the generator can continuously provide electrical energy. It is particularly suitable for infrastructure such as bridges, enabling self-powered operation and reducing dependence on external power. Compared to traditional power generation systems, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator has a simpler structure and typically does not require complex moving mechanical parts, thus reducing mechanical failures and maintenance costs. With proper design, it requires low maintenance frequency and can operate stably for extended periods. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the present invention and provide a clear understanding of it, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The illustrative examples and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer casing of the device of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention in the analysis of suspension vibration motion.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the working motion state of the device of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Bridge suspension cable; 2-Bottom cover of the outer shell; 3-Piezoelectric sheet; 4-Piezoelectric sheet clamping frame; 5-Connecting piece; 6-Connecting plate; 7-Excitation magnet; 8-Excited magnet; 9-Slide rail; 10-Linear bearing; 11-Flange linear bearing; 12-Copper coil; 13-Outer shell. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use.

[0020] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the detailed content of the present invention and its specific implementation scheme.

[0021] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The present invention provides a piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator that utilizes the vibration energy of a bridge suspension cable, comprising: a bridge suspension cable 1, a bottom cover of the outer shell 2, a piezoelectric sheet 3, a piezoelectric sheet clamping frame 4, a connecting piece 5, a connecting plate 6, an excitation magnet 7, an excited magnet 8, a slide rail 9, a linear bearing 10, a flange linear bearing 11, a copper coil 12, and an outer shell 13. The bridge suspension cable 1 is located at the center of the generator and is embedded inside the generator; The outer casing bottom cover 2 is located at both ends of the whole device, and the piezoelectric sheet 3 is provided with a movement groove inside, which can fix the piezoelectric sheet 3 so that the piezoelectric sheet 3 can generate electricity better. One end of the piezoelectric sheet 3 moves longitudinally within the bottom cover 2 of the outer shell, while the other end of the piezoelectric sheet 3 is fixed together with the piezoelectric sheet clamping frame 4 by an interference fit, so that the piezoelectric sheet 3 can move together under the drive of the piezoelectric sheet clamping frame 4. The piezoelectric sheet holder 4 is connected to the connecting piece 5 by means of a rotating shaft, which enables free rotation between the piezoelectric sheet holder 4 and the connecting piece 5, ensuring that there is no restriction during the movement. The connecting piece 5 is connected to the connecting plate 5 via a rotating shaft, ensuring that the connecting piece 5 can rotate during the movement of the connecting plate 5. The connecting piece 5 and the piezoelectric plate clamping frame 4 can form a paper-folding structure through the connection of the rotating shaft. The movement can excite the piezoelectric plate 3 to generate electricity. The connecting plate 6 is connected and fixed to the flange linear bearing 11 by bolts. When the flange linear bearing 11 moves, it can drive the connecting plate 6 to move together. The excitation magnet 7 is connected and fixed to the linear bearing 10 by an interference fit. During the vibration of the suspension cable, the linear bearing 10 will move, and the excitation magnet 7 can move together with the linear bearing 10. The excited magnet 8 is connected and fixed to the flange linear bearing 11 by adhesive bonding, so that when the excitation magnet 7 excites the excited magnet 8, the movement of the excited magnet 8 will drive the flange linear bearing 11 to move together. The slide rail 9 is connected and fixed to the bottom cover 2 of the outer shell at both ends of the device by welding, and is respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom cover 2 of the outer shell. The slide rail 9 can restrict the flange linear bearing 11 to move in a straight line to ensure the movement stability of the device. The copper coil 12 is connected and fixed to the outer shell 13 by embedding. During the process of moving the excitation magnet 7, the copper coil 12 cuts the magnetic field lines to generate current. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator described above, which utilizes the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables, operates on the following principle: when the suspension cable receives external excitation, it will vibrate regularly. The specific mathematical model of bridge suspension cable vibration is as follows: The process of suspension cable motion is visualized by establishing a rectangular coordinate system. The u-axis represents the direction of vibration propagation on the suspension cable, and the v-axis represents the vertical direction. When v=0, the bridge suspension cable does not vibrate. The displacement generated by the suspension cable during vibration can be expressed as: ; In the above formula, A represents the vibration amplitude; q represents the vibration wave number, specifically q = 2π / L; ω represents the angular frequency, specifically ω = 2π / T; and T represents the period of the vibration wave. The angular velocity θ(u,t) of the generator on the suspension cable is expressed as: ; The generator on the suspension cable generates mechanical motion due to the vibration of the cable. The linear bearing inside the generator swings repeatedly on the cable, which drives the excitation magnet to move together. The excitation magnet in turn drives the driven magnet to move, which in turn drives the flange linear bearings on both sides to move together. The flange bearings move along the cable, driving the origami structure composed of the connecting plate and the piezoelectric plate holder. The movement excites the piezoelectric plate to generate electricity. As the excitation magnet swings left and right, it passes through the copper coil on the outer shell, generating electricity using the principle of electromagnetic power generation.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 The workflow of this invention is as follows: When the suspension cable is not vibrating, the origami structure formed by the connecting piece 5 and the piezoelectric plate holder 4 in the device is in the initial position. When the suspension cable is vibrating, the excitation magnet 7 in the device will move along the x-axis. During the movement of the excitation magnet 7, it will excite the excitation magnet 8 to move. One end of the origami structure in the device will move into a bent state, and the other end of the origami structure will become a stretched state. The movement of the origami structure will excite the piezoelectric plate 3 to generate electricity. During the movement of the excitation magnet, the magnetic field lines around the magnet will be cut by the copper coil 12 on the outer shell to generate electricity.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that specific examples have been used in this invention to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the invention. Furthermore, various modifications and variations can be made to this invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables, characterized in that: It includes a bridge suspension cable (1), a bottom cover of the outer shell (2), a piezoelectric sheet (3), a piezoelectric sheet holder (4), a connecting piece (5), a connecting plate (6), an excitation magnet (7), an excited magnet (8), a slide rail (9), a linear bearing (10), a flange linear bearing (11), a copper coil (12), and an outer shell (13).

2. The piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge suspension cable (1) is located at the center of the generator and embedded inside the generator; the outer casing bottom cover (2) is located at both ends of the entire device, and has a movement groove for the piezoelectric sheet (3) inside, which can fix the piezoelectric sheet (3) to facilitate better power generation; one end of the piezoelectric sheet (3) moves longitudinally in the outer casing bottom cover (2), and the other end of the piezoelectric sheet (3) is fixed together with the piezoelectric sheet clamping frame (4) by interference fit, so that the piezoelectric sheet (3) can move together under the drive of the piezoelectric sheet clamping frame (4); the piezoelectric sheet clamping frame (4) By rotating the piezoelectric plate holder (4) with the connecting piece (5) via a rotating shaft, free rotation between the piezoelectric plate holder (4) and the connecting piece (5) can be achieved, ensuring that there is no restriction during the movement; the connecting piece (5) is connected to the connecting plate (5) via a rotating shaft, ensuring that the connecting piece (5) can rotate during the movement of the connecting plate (5); the connection between the connecting piece (5) and the piezoelectric plate holder (4) via the rotating shaft can form a paper-folding structure, which can excite the piezoelectric plate (3) through movement, realizing the piezoelectric plate (3) generating electricity; the connecting plate ( 6) The flange linear bearing (11) is connected and fixed by bolts. During the movement of the flange linear bearing (11), the connecting plate (6) can be driven to move together. The excitation magnet (7) is connected and fixed by interference fit to the linear bearing (10). During the suspension vibration, the linear bearing (10) will move. During the movement of the linear bearing (10), the excitation magnet (7) can be driven to move together. The excited magnet (8) is connected and fixed by adhesive to the flange linear bearing (11). When the excitation magnet (7) excites the excited magnet (8), the excited magnet (8) moves and drives the flange linear bearing (11) to move together. The slide rail (9) is connected and fixed by welding to the bottom cover (2) of the outer shell at both ends of the device. It is arranged on both sides of the bottom cover (2). The slide rail (9) can restrict the flange linear bearing (11) to move along a straight line to ensure the movement stability of the device. The copper coil (12) is connected and fixed by embedding to the outer shell (13). During the movement of the excitation magnet (7), the copper coil (12) cuts the magnetic field lines to generate current.

3. A piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a suspension cable receives an external excitation, it will vibrate in a regular manner. The specific mathematical model for the vibration of a bridge suspension cable is as follows: The process of suspension cable motion is visualized by establishing a rectangular coordinate system. The u-axis represents the direction of vibration propagation on the suspension cable, and the v-axis represents the vertical direction. When v=0, the bridge suspension cable does not vibrate. The displacement generated by the suspension cable during vibration can be expressed as: ； In the above formula, A represents the vibration amplitude; q represents the vibration wave number, specifically q = 2π / L; ω represents the angular frequency, specifically ω = 2π / T; and T represents the period of the vibration wave. The angular velocity θ(u,t) of the generator on the suspension cable is expressed as: ； The generator on the suspension cable generates mechanical motion due to the vibration of the cable. The linear bearing inside the generator swings repeatedly on the cable, which drives the excitation magnet to move together. The excitation magnet in turn drives the driven magnet to move, which in turn drives the flange linear bearings on both sides to move together. The flange bearings move along the cable, driving the origami structure composed of the connecting plate and the piezoelectric plate holder. The movement excites the piezoelectric plate to generate electricity. As the excitation magnet swings left and right, it passes through the copper coil on the outer shell, generating electricity using the principle of electromagnetic power generation.

4. A piezoelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator utilizing the vibration energy of bridge suspension cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the suspension cable is not vibrating, the origami composed of the connecting piece (5) and the piezoelectric plate holder (4) in the device is in the initial position. When the suspension cable is vibrating, the excitation magnet (7) in the device will move along the x-axis. During the movement of the excitation magnet (7), it will excite the excitation magnet (8) to move. One end of the origami structure in the device will move into a bent state, and the other end of the origami structure will become a stretched state. The movement of the origami structure will excite the piezoelectric plate (3) to generate electricity. During the movement of the excitation magnet, the magnetic field lines around the magnet will be cut by the copper coil (12) on the outer shell to generate electricity.

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