Method for cultivating polylepis glauca

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating polypoda adiposa, and relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: sieving non-mildew and rotten pine needles, preparing a culture material according to a raw material ratio of the Xing'an larch pine needles to bran to corn flour to lime to gypsum of 80: 10: 8: 1: 1, and then controlling the culture conditions to obtain the sporocarps of the lepidocarpus polyliosus, so that the reutilization of the waste Xing'an larch pine needles under the forest is realized; by means of the method, forest fires caused by accumulation of the pine needles of the dahurian larch in Xing'an are reduced, and a novel method for cultivating the scale-like umbrellas by using the pine needles as the culture main material to obtain the sporocarp of the scale-like umbrellas is developed, so that the yield and the edible and medicinal utilization value of the scale-like umbrellas are greatly increased; the problem of short supply of people to edible mushroom health food in actual life is solved. The method has the advantages of cheap raw materials, simple operation, short cultivation period, low carbon and environmental protection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating Pholiota adiposa by using Larix gmelinii needles. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pholiota adiposa is a famous edible and medicinal large fungus of Basidiomycota, Strophariaceae and Pholiota, also known as yellow umbrella. Pholiota adiposa Basidiomycota Strophariaceae Pholiota Pholiota adiposa is rich in crude protein, crude polysaccharide, amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and has low fat content, and is an ideal green food. The surface of the cap of Pholiota adiposa produces a lot of mucus, which is a mixture of nucleic acids and mucopolysaccharides, and has the effects of restoring human energy and relieving the brain. The active substances in Pholiota adiposa have the effects of antibiosis, reducing blood pressure, preventing gastric ulcers, anti-tumor and treating diabetes. Studies have found that the methanol extract of Pholiota adiposa has strong antibacterial activity. At the same time, the polysaccharide of Pholiota adiposa also has the effects of anti-tumor and treating diabetes.

[0003] The traditional cultivation formula of Pholiota adiposa mainly uses cottonseed hulls (30%-80%) as the main material, but cottonseed hulls are greatly affected by the market fluctuations of agricultural by-products, are expensive and unstable in supply, and broadleaf wood chips need to be fermented to remove harmful substances (such as pre-treatment is required when the mixed amount exceeds 30%), increasing the cost of labor and energy consumption. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the traditional cultivation formula (such as cottonseed hulls + wood chips + wheat bran) is unbalanced, and the mycelium growth is prone to nutrient deficiency in the late growth stage, resulting in slow or deformed fruiting body growth.

[0004] Pine needles are the leaves that fall off the pine trees. Due to the strong ability of pine trees to grow pine needles, and the fact that a large number of pine needles fall off the pine trees every year, most of them are used as fuel, making the added value of pine needles low, and the accumulation of pine needles over the years can easily cause forest fires, not only causing waste of resources, but also causing environmental pollution. The use of under-forest waste (Larix gmelinii needles) to replace cottonseed hulls can reduce the cost of raw materials and promote resource recycling. The compounding of Larix gmelinii needles and other auxiliary materials can optimize the carbon-nitrogen ratio and improve the mycelial growth rate and fruiting body yield. The traditional cultivation material is limited by high cost and low efficiency management, while the existing formula through raw material substitution, nutrition optimization and process improvement will realize low cost, high yield and stable production and green production, and significantly improve the industrial competitiveness. SUMMARY

[0005] ​​​In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a method for cultivating Pholiota adiposa by using Larix gmelinii needles.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: Using Larix gmelinii needles to replace cottonseed hulls as the main material for cultivating Pholiota adiposa has significant economic and ecological benefits. From the cost point of view, Larix gmelinii needles are widely available and low in cost as forestry waste, which can reduce the market dependence on traditional cottonseed hulls and other materials, and the raw material cost is reduced by 30%-50%. In terms of nutritional characteristics, Larix gmelinii needles are loose in texture and excellent in air permeability, and have high lignin and cellulose contents, which can provide a stable carbon source for mycelium. Meanwhile, the carbon-nitrogen ratio can be optimized by compounding Larix gmelinii needles and other auxiliary materials, which can promote the accumulation of mycelium biomass and improve the biological efficiency of fruiting bodies. In terms of environmental benefits, Larix gmelinii needles can reduce the land consumption of cotton planting and the carbon emissions of cottonseed hulls burning, and the mushroom residue can be composted and returned to the field, forming a circular economic chain. In addition, the characteristics of Larix gmelinii needles such as high temperature resistance and moisture resistance are suitable for factory layering and wild-like cultivation in the forest, which improves the production flexibility. In summary, the replacement of Larix gmelinii needles not only breaks through the resource bottleneck of traditional cultivation materials, but also promotes the transformation of green agriculture, achieving a win-win of economy and ecology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0008] Figure 1 Morphological diagram of Pholiota adiposa fruiting body and spore print; Figure 2 Morphological diagram of Pholiota adiposa mycelium; Figure 3 Mycelium growth state diagram of Pholiota adiposa in the bag with Larix gmelinii needles as the main material; Figure 4 Pholiota adiposa grows out of the fruiting body state diagram in the bag with Larix gmelinii needles as the main material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the core ideas of this invention will be described in detail below. Any person skilled in the art, after understanding the embodiments of this invention, can make modifications and adjustments based on the technology disclosed herein, and such changes and modifications still fall within the spirit and scope of this invention.

[0010] The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0011] Purification and liquid culture of *Amanita muscaria* parent strain The Polylipid-scaled Umbrella of the present invention Pholiota adiposa Purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection, accession number CCTCC KF2008770.

[0012] Purification of the mother culture of *Amanita phalloides* requires inoculating the strain onto a PDA plate and then incubating it in a 25°C incubator in the dark. Once the mycelium has fully grown on the PDA plate, a second purification process is performed to obtain a robust *Amanita phalloides* strain. Figure 2 The morphology of the mycelium of the mother culture of *Amanita phalloides* is shown; the obtained robust *Amanita phalloides* strain was further inoculated into PDA liquid medium and cultured in liquid for 5-7 days, and then ready for use. Example

[0013] Preparation of mushroom bags and fruiting cultivation Collect pine needles from under the larch forests of the Greater Khingan Mountains, select those without mold or rot, sieve them, and dry them for later use; The dried larch needles (80%), wheat bran (10%), corn flour (8%), lime (1%) and gypsum (1%) were mixed with water until the water content was 65% to obtain the culture medium. The raw material ratio was larch needles: wheat bran: corn flour: lime: gypsum = 80:10:8:1:1. The culture medium was placed into a 12 cm × 24 cm polypropylene bag for edible fungi, the bag was sealed, and the bag was placed in an autoclave. The temperature was set to 121℃ and sterilized for 90 minutes to obtain a sterile culture medium bag. Under aseptic conditions, dilute 1 mL of PDA liquid culture solution with sterile water to a final volume of 10 mL, then inoculate the solution into a sterile culture bag. Place the bag in an incubation chamber at 24-25°C and incubate in the dark for 40-50 days, until the bag is fully covered with mycelium. Figure 3 A diagram showing the mycelial growth state of a mushroom bag made primarily of larch needles from the Xing'an Mountains. After the mycelium has fully colonized the mushroom bags, transfer them to the fruiting room for cultivation. Initially, maintain a humidity of 30-35% and a temperature of 18-28℃ with an 8-10℃ difference between day and night. Provide 400-500 lx light during the day and darkness at night, with a CO2 concentration of 400-500 ppm. After 7-10 days of mycelial growth and the appearance of primordia, cut the bags and remove them. Maintain a constant humidity of 85-90% and a temperature of 18-23℃, with 400-500 lx light during the day and darkness at night, and a CO2 concentration of 400-500 ppm. Observe the fruiting progress daily until fruiting bodies appear. Figure 4 The results show that *Pterocarya polypore* grows fruiting bodies in bags containing mainly *Larix chinensis* needles.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating *Amanita muscaria*, characterized in that... The main growing material used is Dahurian larch needles.

2. The main cultivation material according to claim 1, characterized in that... The main selection criteria are larch needles that are free from mold and rot, and dried after sieving.

3. The method for cultivating *Amanita muscaria* according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture medium has the following raw material ratio: larch needles: wheat bran: corn flour: lime: gypsum = 80:10:8:1:

1.

4. The method for cultivating *Amanita muscaria* according to claim 3, characterized in that, After the culture medium is filled into the bags, sterilized, and inoculated, it needs to be cultured in the dark at 24-25℃ until the bags are fully covered with mycelium. Then, the bags with fully covered mycelium are transferred to the fruiting room for fruiting cultivation. In the initial stage, the humidity in the fruiting room is 30-35%, the temperature is controlled at 18-28℃ with a day-night temperature difference of 8-10 degrees, the daytime light intensity is 400-500 lx, and the night is dark with a CO2 concentration of 400-500 ppm. After the mycelium grows in the bags in the fruiting room for 7-10 days and primordia appear, the bags are cut open and removed. The humidity in the room is maintained at 85-90%, and the temperature is kept constant at 18-23℃. The daytime light intensity is 400-500 lx, and the night is dark with a CO2 concentration of 400-500 ppm. The fruiting situation is observed daily until fruiting bodies grow.

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