Energy-saving and environment-friendly closed-loop recovery and precise regulation and control device for matrix culture leachate

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly closed-loop recovery and precise regulation and control device for matrix culture leachate, and belongs to the technical field of plant growth matrices, the energy-saving and environment-friendly closed-loop recovery and precise regulation and control device comprises a culture platform, and a leachate collection unit is arranged at the bottom of the culture platform; the side of the leachate collecting unit is provided with a three-stage filtering unit which is connected with the leachate collecting unit and is used for filtering the leachate; a partitioned liquid storage and regulation execution unit communicated with the third-stage filtering unit is arranged beside the third-stage filtering unit, and a data detection unit is arranged in the partitioned liquid storage and regulation execution unit. The modular cultivation platform can be flexibly spliced, is adaptive to different planting scales, and can be expanded without reconstructing facilities; by means of partitioned liquid storage and accurate regulation and control design, nutrient requirements of different crops in different growth periods can be met, and planting flexibility is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant growth substrate technology, and in particular relates to an energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale and intensive development of facility agriculture, substrate cultivation has become one of the mainstream methods for planting cash crops such as vegetables and fruits due to its advantages of not being limited by soil conditions, short crop growth cycles, and high yields. However, in traditional substrate cultivation practices, the resource waste and environmental problems caused by improper leachate treatment are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Traditional substrate cultivation often employs an "open irrigation - natural seepage" model. During irrigation, approximately 30%-40% of the nutrient solution cannot be absorbed by the substrate or crops, and is discharged from the bottom of the cultivation trough as leachate. Due to the lack of an effective recycling mechanism, this leachate is usually discharged directly into field ditches or municipal sewer systems. This leads to a waste of fertilizer resources and exacerbates environmental pollution.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide an energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate, in order to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: an energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device, including a cultivation platform, a leachate collection unit at the bottom of the cultivation platform; a three-stage filtration unit connected to the leachate collection unit for filtration; a partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit connected to the three-stage filtration unit, and a data detection unit inside the partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the cultivation platform adopts a modular design, with three plug-in blocks on one side of the cultivation platform, a plug-in slot on the other side of the cultivation platform, an inclined surface inside the cultivation platform, and a guide groove inside the inclined surface.

[0008] A further technical solution is provided, with a notch on the side of the cultivation platform, a water-blocking strip at the notch, two drive cylinders inside the cultivation platform, the water-blocking strip being connected to the telescopic ends of the two drive cylinders, and a sealing design between the water-blocking strip and the notch.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the leachate collection unit includes a collection box, the size of which is larger than the size of the cultivation platform.

[0010] A further technical solution includes a three-stage filtration unit comprising a primary filter cartridge, a secondary filter cartridge, and a final filter cartridge connected by pipes. The primary filter cartridge is connected to the collection box by a pipe. A cyclone separator is installed inside the primary filter cartridge. An automatic slag discharge valve is provided on the primary filter cartridge. A columnar activated carbon filter is provided inside the secondary filter cartridge. Several ultraviolet lamps are provided on the inner top of the final filter cartridge. An ozone generator is provided on the final filter cartridge.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit includes a main liquid storage tank and partitioned liquid storage tanks connected to the main liquid storage tank. The main liquid storage tank is equipped with a static mixer, and the main liquid storage tank and the final filter cartridge are connected by a pipe, and a pump is installed on the pipe.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the partitioned liquid storage tank is provided with six compartments, and each compartment is equipped with a pipetting pump and a hydraulically driven proportional valve.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a flushing net pipe is provided on the inner top of the main liquid storage tank, and a high-pressure flushing pump connected to the flushing net pipe is provided on the side wall of the main liquid storage tank.

[0014] A further technical solution is that a water pump is provided on the side wall of the main liquid storage tank, and a water supply pipe connected to the cultivation platform is provided on the water pump.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the data detection unit is a pH / EC sensor, a trace element detection unit, and a flow sensor.

[0016] The above-described at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: Firstly, this invention effectively addresses the core pain points of traditional substrate cultivation. Its tidal cultivation platform and directional flow design significantly improve leachate recovery rates. Combined with three-stage gradient purification and closed-loop circulation, it eliminates leachate discharge pollution and avoids the eutrophication and soil salinization problems caused by nutrient solution loss in traditional methods. Simultaneously, precise fertilizer application and acidified water rinsing work together to improve fertilizer utilization. The combination of tidal irrigation and recycling reduces water consumption, thus reducing fertilizer and water consumption, as well as the use of chemical disinfectants. This comprehensively implements the concept of green agriculture and achieves the environmental goal of "zero emissions."

[0017] Secondly, the modular cultivation platform in this invention can be flexibly assembled to adapt to different planting scales and can be expanded without reconstructing facilities; the zoned liquid storage and precise control design can meet the nutrient requirements of different crops and different growth stages, improving planting flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cultivation platform and leachate collection unit in this invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the three-stage filtration unit in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the partitioned liquid storage and regulation execution unit in this invention; Figure label: Cultivation platform 1, plug-in block 11, plug-in groove 12, inclined surface 13, guide channel 14, notch 15, water-blocking strip 16, drive cylinder 17, leachate collection unit 2, collection box 21, three-stage filtration unit 3, primary filter cartridge 31, intermediate filter cartridge 32, final filter cartridge 33, hydrocyclone separator 34, automatic slag discharge valve 35, columnar activated carbon filter 36, ultraviolet lamp 37, ozone generator 38, zoned liquid storage and control execution unit 4, main liquid storage tank 41, static mixer 42, zoned liquid storage tank 43, transfer pump 44, extraction pump 45, flushing net pipe 5, high-pressure flushing pump 6, water supply pump 7, water supply pipe 8. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] The following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the technical solution of an energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device provided by various embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device, including a cultivation platform 1, with a leachate collection unit 2 at the bottom of the cultivation platform 1; a three-stage filtration unit 3 connected to the side of the leachate collection unit 2 for filtering the leachate; a partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit 4 connected to the three-stage filtration unit 3, with a data detection unit inside the partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit 4.

[0022] Specifically, the cultivation platform 1 adopts a modular design. Three plug-in blocks 11 are provided on one side of the cultivation platform 1, and a plug-in groove 12 is provided on the other side of the cultivation platform 1. An inclined surface 13 is provided inside the cultivation platform 1, and a guide groove 14 is provided inside the inclined surface 13.

[0023] The modular design allows for expansion of planting area without rebuilding cultivation facilities, reducing facility renovation costs, while avoiding the problems of difficult zoning and cleaning of traditional fixed cultivation troughs, thus improving planting flexibility.

[0024] The cultivation platform 1 adopts a modular design of plug-in blocks 11 and plug-in slots 12, which can be flexibly spliced ​​according to the planting scale. After splicing, the water-blocking strip 16 is raised and lowered by the drive cylinder 17: when irrigating, the drive cylinder 17 extends and pushes the water-blocking strip 16 to block the opening 15 on the side of the platform, so that the irrigation water forms a shallow water environment in the platform, allowing the substrate to fully absorb the nutrient solution; after irrigation, the drive cylinder 17 retracts and drives the water-blocking strip 16 to descend, the opening 15 opens, and the unabsorbed leachate automatically flows into the guide channel 14 along the inclined surface 13 inside the platform, and finally flows to the leachate collection unit 2.

[0025] Compared to the traditional cultivation troughs, which suffer from natural leakage and reduced recovery rate due to lack of directional flow, the directional flow design of the inclined surface 13 + guide channel 14, combined with the tidal control of the water baffle strip 16, significantly improves the leachate recovery rate.

[0026] Specifically, the cultivation platform 1 has an opening 15 on its side, and a water-blocking strip 16 is provided at the opening 15. Two drive cylinders 17 are installed inside the cultivation platform 1. The water-blocking strip 16 is connected to the telescopic ends of the two drive cylinders 17, and a sealing design is used between the water-blocking strip 16 and the opening 15. A rubber sealing gasket is used between the water-blocking strip 16 and the opening 15 to prevent liquid leakage during irrigation or leachate diversion, ensuring complete collection and no loss of leachate.

[0027] Tidal irrigation mode avoids the drawbacks of traditional drip irrigation, which requires repeated water replenishment during local droughts, by centrally storing water and recycling it in a targeted manner. Combined with leachate recycling, it ultimately reduces water consumption, which aligns with the core energy-saving and environmental protection effects of the solution.

[0028] Specifically, the leachate collection unit 2 includes a collection box 21, the size of which is larger than the size of the cultivation platform 1.

[0029] The collection box 21 is designed to be larger than the cultivation platform 1. It should be noted that the top edge of the collection box 21 is higher than the outlet of the bottom guide channel 14 of the cultivation platform 1, ensuring that the leachate flowing from the guide channel 14 can be fully contained without overflow. The bottom of the collection box 21 is equipped with an anti-slip pad to fix its position and prevent displacement due to splicing of the cultivation platform 1 or irrigation vibration. Simultaneously, the side of the collection box 21 has a reserved interface for connection to the three-stage filtration unit 3. After temporary storage in the collection box 21, the leachate is transported to the primary filter cartridge 31 through a pipeline. This allows for centralized collection of leachate without spillage, preventing fertilizer and pathogen contamination of soil and water bodies from the source, providing clean raw materials for subsequent purification and recycling, and supporting the zero-emission effect of the solution.

[0030] Specifically, the three-stage filtration unit 3 includes a primary filter cartridge 31, a secondary filter cartridge 32, and a final filter cartridge 33 connected by pipes. The primary filter cartridge 31 is connected to the collection box 21 by a pipe. A cyclone separator 34 is installed inside the primary filter cartridge 31. An automatic slag discharge valve 35 is provided on the primary filter cartridge 31. A columnar activated carbon filter 36 is provided inside the secondary filter cartridge 32. Several ultraviolet lamps 37 are provided on the inner top of the final filter cartridge 33. An ozone generator 38 is provided on the final filter cartridge 33.

[0031] Primary physical filtration (primary filter cartridge 31): The leachate delivered from the collection box 21 enters the primary filter cartridge 31 through a pipeline. The hydrocyclone separator 34 inside the primary filter cartridge 31 separates large particles of impurities such as substrate residue and crop root residue in the leachate to the bottom of the primary filter cartridge 31 through centrifugal force. When the impurities accumulate to a certain amount (monitored by the liquid level sensor at the bottom of the cartridge), the automatic slag discharge valve 35 opens at regular intervals to discharge the impurities, which can be reused as raw materials for organic fertilizer. The filtered liquid flows to the intermediate filter cartridge 32 through a pipeline.

[0032] Intermediate chemical adsorption (intermediate filter cartridge 32): The leachate entering the intermediate filter cartridge 32 flows through the columnar activated carbon filter 36, which is filled with coconut shell activated carbon. The pores of the activated carbon adsorb organic residues (such as unabsorbed amino acids and humic acid), trace pesticide residues, and heavy metal ions (such as lead and cadmium) in the leachate. The cleaned liquid after adsorption flows to the final filter cartridge 33. Activated carbon adsorption removes organic impurities, preventing them from mixing with the nutrient solution and affecting crop absorption. It also reduces the impact of heavy metal accumulation on crop quality, meeting the requirements of safe planting in green agriculture.

[0033] Final biological disinfection (final filter cartridge 33): The ultraviolet lamp 37 at the top of the final filter cartridge 33 continuously irradiates, while the ozone generator 38 injects ozone into the final filter cartridge 33. The leachate stays in the final filter cartridge 33 for more than 30 seconds. The ultraviolet light destroys the DNA structure of pathogens, and the ozone enhances the sterilization effect, ultimately killing harmful microorganisms such as root rot bacteria and nematode eggs. The disinfected clean liquid is transported to the partitioned storage and control execution unit 4 through pipelines and extraction pump 45.

[0034] The three-stage filtration system forms a physical-chemical-biological gradient purification chain, which not only avoids impurities clogging subsequent pipelines but also eliminates the risk of pathogen transmission, ensuring the cleanliness of the circulating liquid and supporting the core effect of fertilizer recycling in the solution.

[0035] Specifically, the partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit 4 includes a main liquid storage tank 41 and a partitioned liquid storage tank 43 connected to the main liquid storage tank 41. The main liquid storage tank 41 is equipped with a static mixer 42. The main liquid storage tank 41 and the final filter cartridge 33 are connected by a pipe, and a pump 45 is installed on the pipe.

[0036] After disinfection, the clean liquid is pumped into the main storage tank 41 by the extraction pump 45. The static mixer 42 in the main storage tank 41 continuously stirs the liquid to ensure uniform concentration. At the same time, the data detection unit (pH / EC sensor, trace element detection unit) monitors the liquid indicators in the main storage tank 41 in real time. If the EC value is detected to be lower than the crop requirement threshold, a certain trace element (such as calcium) is insufficient, or the pH value deviates from the appropriate range, the central controller sends a command to the corresponding partition storage tank 43 to transport the corresponding element mother liquor in the partition storage tank 43 to the main storage tank 41.

[0037] Specifically, there are six partitioned liquid storage tanks 43, each of which is equipped with a pipetting pump 44 and a hydraulically driven proportional valve; the main liquid storage tank 41 is equipped with a water pump 7 on its side wall, and the water pump 7 is equipped with a water supply pipe 8 that is connected to the cultivation platform 1.

[0038] Six partitioned storage tanks 43 store nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and trace element mother liquors respectively. Upon receiving an instruction, the corresponding transfer pump 44 in the partitioned storage tank 43 starts, and in conjunction with the hydraulically driven proportional valve, injects the mother liquor into the main storage tank 41 according to the calculated amount. The static mixer 42 stirs synchronously until the liquid indicators meet the standards. After meeting the standards, the nutrient solution is pressurized by the water pump 7 and transported back to the cultivation platform 1 through the water supply pipeline 8, completing the closed-loop cycle of recycling-purification-adjustment-reuse. The hydraulically driven proportional valve model is D1FVE02BCVLW32.

[0039] Specifically, the main liquid storage tank 41 is provided with a flushing net pipe 5 at its inner top, a high-pressure flushing pump 6 connected to the flushing net pipe 5 is provided on the side wall of the main liquid storage tank 41, and a recovery pipe connected to the collection box 21 is provided on the main liquid storage tank 41. When the data detection unit detects that the EC value in the main storage tank 41 exceeds the threshold, the central controller immediately shuts off the water pump 7 and starts the high-pressure flushing pump 6. The high-pressure flushing pump 6 sprays the pre-stored acidified water into the main storage tank 41 through the flushing net pipe 5 to dilute and dissolve the excess salt. The mixed liquid generated during the flushing process is not discharged, but flows back to the collection box 21 in the leachate collection unit 2 through the recovery pipe, and re-enters the three-stage filtration process to achieve full recovery of the flushing liquid.

[0040] Specifically, the data detection unit comprises a pH / EC sensor, a trace element detection unit, and a flow sensor. The pH / EC sensor is installed at the outlet of the main storage tank and uses a glass electrode type pH sensor. The trace element detection unit integrates an ion-selective electrode (detecting the concentration of ions such as calcium, magnesium, and iron) and performs measurements every 30 minutes. The flow sensor is installed on the main irrigation pipeline.

[0041] The pH / EC sensor is model HM Digital COM-300, the trace element detection unit is model Thermo Fisher Scientific ARCOS ICP-OES, and the flow sensor is model YF-S201 turbine flow sensor.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for leachate from substrate cultivation, characterized in that, The system includes a cultivation platform (1), with a leachate collection unit (2) at the bottom of the cultivation platform (1); a three-stage filtration unit (3) connected to the leachate collection unit (2) is provided on the side to perform leachate filtration; a partitioned liquid storage and regulation execution unit (4) connected to the three-stage filtration unit (3) is provided on the side of the three-stage filtration unit (3), and a data detection unit is provided inside the partitioned liquid storage and regulation execution unit (4).

2. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation platform (1) adopts a modular design. Three plug-in blocks (11) are provided on one side of the cultivation platform (1), and a plug-in groove (12) is provided on the other side of the cultivation platform (1). An inclined surface (13) is provided inside the cultivation platform (1), and a guide groove (14) is provided inside the inclined surface (13).

3. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cultivation platform (1) has a notch (15) on the side, and a water-blocking strip (16) is provided at the notch (15). The cultivation platform (1) has two driving cylinders (17) inside, and the water-blocking strip (16) is connected to the telescopic ends of the two driving cylinders (17). The water-blocking strip (16) and the notch (15) are sealed together.

4. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leachate collection unit (2) includes a collection box (21) which is larger than the size of the cultivation platform (1).

5. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-stage filtration unit (3) includes a primary filter cartridge (31), a secondary filter cartridge (32), and a final filter cartridge (33) connected by pipes. The primary filter cartridge (31) is connected to the collection box (21) by pipes. A cyclone separator (34) is installed inside the primary filter cartridge (31). An automatic slag discharge valve (35) is provided on the primary filter cartridge (31). A columnar activated carbon filter (36) is provided inside the secondary filter cartridge (32). Several ultraviolet lamps (37) are provided on the inner top of the final filter cartridge (33). An ozone generator (38) is provided on the final filter cartridge (33).

6. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The partitioned liquid storage and control execution unit (4) includes a main liquid storage tank (41) and a partitioned liquid storage tank (43) connected to the main liquid storage tank (41). The main liquid storage tank (41) is equipped with a static mixer (42). The main liquid storage tank (41) and the final filter cartridge (33) are connected by a pipe, and the pipe is equipped with a pump (45).

7. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partitioned liquid storage tank (43) is provided in six parts, and each partitioned liquid storage tank (43) is provided with a pipetting pump (44) and a hydraulically driven proportional valve.

8. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main storage tank (41) has a flushing net pipe (5) at its inner top, and a high-pressure flushing pump (6) connected to the flushing net pipe (5) is provided on the side wall of the main storage tank (41).

9. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly substrate cultivation leachate closed-loop recovery and precise control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main liquid storage tank (41) is equipped with a water pump (7) on its side wall, and the water pump (7) is equipped with a water supply pipe (8) connected to the cultivation platform (1).

10. The energy-saving and environmentally friendly closed-loop recovery and precise control device for substrate cultivation leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data detection unit includes a pH / EC sensor, a trace element detection unit, and a flow sensor.

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