Lens capable of adapting to different hard tube optical endoscopes

Abstract

For different hard tube optical endoscopes, positions P suitable for light splitting are different in the emergent direction of emergent light, and if the light splitting positions are not right, an image formed by the split light is incomplete finally. After the hard-tube optical endoscope is used for a period of time or maintained, the optical axis of an optical system can deviate sometimes. The deviation of the optical axis can influence the uniform light splitting, and the non-uniform light splitting can cause the brightness inconsistency of two images formed by two paths of split light rays. The invention provides a technical scheme for adapting to the optical axis deviation of the hard tube optical endoscope and a technical scheme for adapting to different light splitting positions P of different hard tube optical endoscopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Optical imaging. Background Technology

[0002] A rigid optical endoscope system consists of a rigid optical endoscope and an endoscopic camera system. The endoscopic camera system typically comprises a main unit, a camera, and an optical adapter. The rigid optical endoscope and the camera are connected via the optical adapter. The rigid optical endoscope is an optical lens, and the optical adapter is also an optical lens. The camera primarily contains an image sensor (CMOS or CCD). One camera can be used with multiple optical adapters, and one optical adapter can be used with multiple rigid optical endoscopes.

[0003] There are various types of rigid optical endoscopes, such as thoracoscopes, laparoscopes, sinus endoscopes, arthroscopes, percutaneous lumbar disc endoscopes, neuroendoscopes, and hysteroscopes. Different rigid optical endoscopes have different optical parameters. Light reflected from the surface of the object being photographed enters the rigid optical endoscope. The light emitted from the endoscope is transmitted to an optical adapter, and then to an image sensor (CMOS or CCD) inside the camera. The image sensor converts the light signal into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the host computer for processing.

[0004] The 3D rigid-tube optical endoscope system consists of a 3D rigid-tube optical endoscope, a 3D optical adapter, a 3D camera, and a main unit. A 3D rigid-tube optical endoscope can be understood as combining the optical systems of two rigid-tube optical endoscopes. The 3D rigid-tube optical endoscope receives and transmits two beams of light. The 3D camera has two image sensors. The 3D optical adapter receives the two beams of light emitted from the 3D rigid-tube optical endoscope and transmits them to the 3D camera; each beam of light forms an image on one image sensor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem to be solved is to connect the rigid optical endoscope S1 (1) and the camera C using an optical adapter S2, and then add an optical lens S3 between S1 (1) and S2 to achieve 3D image acquisition. At a specific position P (2) of the outgoing light ray (11) of S1 (1), S3 uses optical surfaces A1 (6) and A2 (7) to divide the outgoing light ray (11) of S1 (1) into two light rays that can each form a complete image and change the propagation direction of these two light rays, so that the optical path of each light ray is adjustable, and thus the imaging position of each light ray is adjustable. Any point on the optical path cross section of position P (2) will receive the light rays reflected from various positions on the surface of the object and entering the rigid optical endoscope. The outgoing light ray of S3 is transmitted to S2, and the outgoing light ray of S2 is transmitted to the image sensor Sen (5) in the camera C. The optical system of S1(1) is denoted as X1(8), and the optical axis of X1(8) is denoted as V1(9). The optical system of S2 is denoted as X2(4), and the optical axis of X2(4) is denoted as V2(10). The optical system of S3 is denoted as X3(3). Different rigid-tube optical endoscopes S1(1) have different suitable beam splitting positions P(2) in the direction of the outgoing light (11). Incorrect beam splitting position will result in incomplete images formed by the split light. After a period of use or after maintenance, the optical axis V1(9) of the optical system X1(8) of the rigid-tube optical endoscope S1(1) may sometimes shift. The shift of the optical axis V1(9) will affect the uniform beam splitting of optical surfaces A1(6) and A2(7). The uneven beam splitting of optical surfaces A1(6) and A2(7) will result in inconsistent brightness of the two images formed by the two split light rays.

[0006] Technical Solution. This application proposes a technical solution to adapt to the optical axis shift of a rigid optical endoscope S1(1). This application proposes a technical solution to adapt to different beam splitting positions P(2) of different rigid optical endoscopes S1(1). First step, in the direction of the outgoing light ray (11) of S1(1), before the outgoing light ray of S1(1) reaches position P(2), insert two or more optical surfaces so that after the outgoing light ray (11) of S1(1) passes through these two or more optical surfaces, the center of the optical path section is on the optical axis V2(10); Second step, move optical surfaces A1(6) and A2(7) along the direction of the optical axis V2(10) so that the line H(12) formed by the intersection of optical surfaces A1(6) and A2(7) is located at the position P(2) of the light ray after the propagation direction is changed in the first step.

[0007] Beneficial effects. This application can achieve optical 3D through an optical lens S3 on the basis of the hospital's existing rigid optical endoscope system, and make this lens S3 adaptable to different rigid optical endoscopes.

[0008] Brief Description of the Drawings. To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced. The drawings in the following description are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path provided in one embodiment of this application when the optical axis is not offset and the beam splitting position is accurate; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of this application when the optical axis is offset; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of inserting an optical surface and adjusting it when the optical axis is offset according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path analysis of the inserted optical surface when the optical axis is offset according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the adjusted optical surface inserted when the optical axis is offset according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the optical axis offset of a rigid optical endoscope using two reflective optical surfaces. The above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative only and do not limit this application.

[0009] Detailed implementation method. The first step is optical path analysis when the beam splitting position is accurate even without optical axis V1(9) offset, such as... Figure 1 As shown. When the optical axis V1(9) is not offset: The optical axis V1(9) is not offset, which means that the optical axis V1(9) is not offset relative to the optical axis V2(10), that is, the optical axis V1(9) and the optical axis V2(10) are on the same straight line; the center point of the optical path section of the ray (11) at position P(2) is recorded as C1(13), and the point where the line H(12) intersects the optical axis V2(10) is recorded as C2(14). Points C1(13) and C2(14) are in the same position; the ray (11) is divided into two rays by the optical surface A1(6) and the optical surface A2(7) at position P(2).

[0010] The second step is the optical path analysis when the optical axis V1(9) is offset, such as... Figure 2 As shown. When the optical axis V1(9) is offset: the optical axis V1(9) is offset relative to the optical axis V2(10), that is, the optical axis V1(9) and the optical axis V2(10) are not on the same straight line; points C1(13) and C2(14) are not in the same position; the light ray (11) is not split into two paths by the optical surfaces A1(6) and A2(7) at position P(2). The process of this application is to adjust point C1(13) to the optical axis V2(10) and then adjust point C2(14) to the position of point C1(13).

[0011] Thirdly, before the outgoing ray (11) of S1(1) reaches position P(2), insert an optical lens G(15), as follows: Figure 3As shown. The initial state of the optical lens G (15) is perpendicular to the optical axis V1 (9). The refractive index of the optical lens (15) is n2. The optical lens (15) has two parallel optical surfaces A3 (16) and A4 (17). Both A3 (16) and A4 (17) are planes, and the distance between A3 (16) and A4 (17) is d1. When the light ray is incident on the optical surface A3 (16), it is refracted and then emitted. The emitted light ray from the optical surface A3 (16) is the incident light ray from the optical surface A4 (17). After the light ray reaches the optical surface A4 (17), it is refracted again and then emitted. A coordinate system XYZ is established with the optical axis V1 (9) as the Z-axis, the point where V1 (9) intersects the optical surface A3 (16) as the origin C3 (18), the straight line passing through point C3 (18) and parallel to the long side of the image sensor Sen (5) as the X-axis, and the straight line passing through point C3 (18) and parallel to the short side of Sen (5) as the Y-axis. The coordinates of point C1 (13) are (x1, y1, z1), and the coordinates of point C2 (14) are (x2, y2, z2).

[0012] The fourth step is to analyze the optical path of light in the optical lens (15), such as... Figure 4 As shown. The angle at which the light ray is incident on the optical surface A3 (16) is denoted as a1, the angle at which the light ray exits the optical surface A3 (16) is denoted as a2, the path length of the light ray in the optical lens (15) is denoted as d2, and the amount of offset of the light ray from its original propagation direction after passing through the optical lens (15) is denoted as t. From the refractive index formula n1*sin(a1)=n2*sin(a2), we can obtain sin(a2)= n1*sin(a1) / n2, where n1 is the refractive index of air, and n2 and a1 are known values, so a2 can be calculated. From the trigonometric function sin(a1-a2)=t / d2, we can derive t=d2*sin(a1-a2). From cos(a2)=d1 / d2, we can derive d2=d1 / cos(a2). Furthermore, we can derive t=d2*sin(a1-a2)=sin(a1-a2)*d1 / cos(a2). Since a2 has already been calculated above, a1, a2, and d1 are all known values, and t can be calculated.

[0013] Fifth step: Rotate optical lens G (15) to adjust the direction of light so that C1 (13) is on optical axis V2 (10), as shown. Figure 3As shown. Rotate the optical lens G(15) along the Y-axis by an angle of a1°. When the light ray incident on A3(16) exits from A4(17), the offset in the X direction is t. Rotate the optical lens G(15) along the X-axis by an angle of a1°. When the light ray incident on A3(16) exits from A4(17), the offset in the Y direction is t. Adjust point C1(13) onto the optical axis V2(10). This means adjusting the amplitude of the light ray in the X-axis direction by x1-x2 and in the Y-axis direction by y1-y2, so that the x-coordinate of point C1(13) is equal to the x-coordinate of point C2(14), and the y-coordinate of point C1(13) is equal to the y-coordinate of point C2(14). In actual adjustment, the angles of rotation of the optical lens (15) along the Y-axis and along the X-axis can be converted into the difference between the coordinates of points C1 (13) and C2 (14) on the X-axis and Y-axis according to the formula in step four. The adjustment can also be judged by whether the brightness of the two images on the image sensor Sen (5) is consistent. When the brightness of the two images on Sen (5) is consistent, the adjustment is complete. After rotating the optical lens G (15), the suitable beam splitting position P (2) will change.

[0014] Step 6: Move optical surfaces A1 (6) and A2 (7) along the direction of optical axis V2 (10) so that line H (12) is located at position P (2), that is, make the z-coordinate of point C2 (14) equal to the z-coordinate of point C1 (13). In actual adjustment, the integrity of the two images on Sen (5) can be used to determine whether line H (12) is located at position P (2). When both images on Sen (5) are complete, line H (12) is located at position P (2). At this time, point C1 (13) and point C2 (14) are in the same position. The adjusted optical path is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

Claims

1. A lens S3 that can be adapted to different rigid optical endoscopes S1, characterized in that: The position of the beam-splitting surface within S3 can be adjusted to accommodate different suitable beam-splitting positions P of the incident light in S3, and to accommodate different suitable beam-splitting positions P of S1. The position of the beam-splitting surface in S3 can be adjusted, characterized in that: the beam-splitting surface moves along a straight line passing through the center of the optical path section at position P and perpendicular to the optical path section, thereby adjusting the position of the line H formed by the points where the beam-splitting surface intersects with the beam-splitting surface; The position P suitable for beam splitting is characterized in that any point on the optical path cross section of position P will receive light reflected from various positions on the surface of the object being photographed and entering the rigid optical endoscope S1.

2. A lens S3 that can be adapted to different rigid optical endoscopes S1, characterized in that: The angle of the optical element G inside S3 can be adjusted to accommodate the different positions of the optical path cross-section of the incident light in S3, so that the optical path cross-section of the incident light in S3 is in a suitable position to accommodate the optical axis deviation of S1. The optical element G is characterized in that: after light passes through the optical element G, the light path is translated while the propagation direction remains unchanged; the optical element G can be an optical lens (15) with two mutually parallel optical surfaces, as shown in Figure 3; the optical element G can also be two mutually parallel optical reflecting surfaces (19), as shown in Figure 6. The angle of the optical element G can be adjusted, characterized in that: it can be rotated along two mutually perpendicular straight lines X and Y perpendicular to the optical axis of S1, thereby adjusting the amount of light deflection in the Y direction and the amount of light deflection in the X direction after passing through the optical element G. The optical path cross-section is located in a suitable position, characterized in that: when the optical path cross-section at the suitable beam splitting position P is divided into multiple sub-regions of equal area by line H, the position of the optical path cross-section is as follows; The optical path cross section at the suitable position P for beam splitting is evenly divided by line H, characterized in that: the projection H' of line H onto the plane where the optical path cross section is located along the direction perpendicular to the optical path cross section, and the optical path cross section at position P is evenly divided by line H'.

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