Light-cured aerogel glass and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses light-cured aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof. The light-cured aerogel glass structurally comprises two pieces of glass and a light-cured aerogel composite layer between the two pieces of glass. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding vinyl functionalized aerogel particles into an acrylic resin precursor liquid, then pouring the obtained aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid between two pieces of glass, and then irradiating with ultraviolet light to prepare the light-cured aerogel glass. According to the invention, the problems of easy generation of dust, low interfacial strength, poor light transmission, moisture absorption of aerogel particles and the like in preparation of aerogel glass by directly filling glass with powder aerogel are solved. The obtained light-cured aerogel glass is excellent in heat insulation, sound absorption and light transmission performance, and the interface bonding force between the aerogel layer and the glass surface is high. The process is simple and convenient, sealing glass is not needed after aerogel filling, and large-scale preparation is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building energy saving and functional materials, in particular to a photocured aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof. The photocured aerogel glass has excellent heat insulation, sound absorption and light transmission performance, and high interfacial bonding strength, and can be widely used in building curtain walls, door and window glasses, refrigeration equipment windows and other scenes with high requirements for heat insulation and light transmission performance. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new type of material with a nano-porous structure, aerogel has extremely low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation performance and good light transmission, and has great application potential in the field of heat insulation and preservation. Among them, the aerogel glass prepared by combining aerogel with glass can significantly improve the heat insulation performance of the glass while ensuring the light transmission of the glass, and is one of the important materials for building energy saving.

[0003] At present, the traditional preparation method of aerogel glass is to directly fill the powder aerogel between two pieces of glass. However, this preparation process has many problems that are difficult to overcome: first, the powder aerogel is easy to produce a large amount of dust during the filling process, which not only harms the health of the operators, but also pollutes the production environment and increases the environmental protection treatment cost in the production process; second, there is a lack of effective chemical bonding between the powder aerogel and the glass surface, resulting in extremely low interfacial strength, and the aerogel layer is easy to peel off from the glass during subsequent use, affecting the overall structural stability and service life of the aerogel glass; third, there are many gaps between the powder aerogel particles, and the particle surfaces are easy to adsorb air impurities, resulting in poor light transmission performance of the prepared aerogel glass, which cannot meet the requirements of scenes with high light transmission requirements such as building decoration; fourth, the aerogel particles have strong hygroscopic properties and are easy to absorb moisture in the air in a humid environment, resulting in a significant decrease in its heat insulation performance, so the traditional aerogel glass needs to be strictly sealed after preparation, which increases the complexity of the preparation process and production cost, and is not conducive to large-scale industrial production.

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional preparation process of aerogel glass, a large number of researches have been carried out by the skilled in the art. Some researches try to use sol-gel method to grow aerogel layer on the glass surface in situ, but this method has harsh reaction conditions and requires high cleanliness and pretreatment of the glass surface, and the thickness of the aerogel layer is difficult to control accurately, so the production efficiency is low; some researches use organic adhesive to bond the aerogel particles and the glass, but the organic adhesive has poor heat insulation performance, which will greatly reduce the overall heat insulation effect of the aerogel glass, and the interface compatibility between the adhesive and the aerogel and the glass is poor, and aging and cracking may occur during long-term use.

[0005] Therefore, developing a preparation method of aerogel glass with simple process, no pollution, effectively improving the bonding strength of aerogel and glass interface, ensuring excellent thermal insulation, sound absorption and light transmission performance of aerogel glass, and without subsequent sealing treatment, becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the defects of easy dust generation, low interface strength, poor light transmission performance, hygroscopic aerogel particles and the need for sealing treatment in the prior art when directly filling glass with powder aerogel to prepare aerogel glass, and provides a photocured aerogel glass and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0008] (1) Add a vinyl silane coupling agent to an ethanol aqueous solution, stir at a speed of 1000-1500 rpm at room temperature for 25-30 min to obtain an aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0009] (3) Add the vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles obtained in step (2) to an acrylic resin precursor solution, first stir at a speed of 800-1200 rpm for 30-60 min to uniformly disperse the vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles in the acrylic resin precursor solution, then place the dispersed system in a vacuum environment with a vacuum degree of -0.08 to -0.1 MPa for 20-30 min for degassing treatment to remove bubbles in the system, and obtain an aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor solution.

[0010] (4) Pour the aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor solution obtained in step (3) between two pieces of glass, ensuring that the composite precursor solution fills the gap between the two pieces of glass without generating bubbles during the pouring process; then place the poured glass assembly under a UV light for irradiation, and after the irradiation is completed, the photocured aerogel glass is obtained.

[0011] The vinyl silane coupling agent is at least one selected from vinyltriisopropoxysilane, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, triacetoxyvinylsilane, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, tris(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane. The role of the vinyl silane coupling agent is to react with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aerogel particles in subsequent steps, introducing vinyl functional groups onto the surface of the aerogel particles. This enables the aerogel particles to chemically react with the acrylic resin precursor fluid, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the aerogel particles and the acrylic resin matrix.

[0012] The ethanol-water solution has an ethanol-to-water mass ratio of 1:1 to 10:1, a pH of 3 to 6, and a vinylsilane coupling agent concentration of 1 to 3 wt%. The ethanol-water solution, as a solvent, ensures uniform dispersion of the vinylsilane coupling agent. The presence of ethanol reduces the surface tension of the solution, promoting sufficient contact between the vinylsilane coupling agent and the subsequently added aerogel particles. Controlling the pH within the range of 3 to 6 adjusts the hydrolysis rate of the vinylsilane coupling agent, preventing excessively rapid hydrolysis that could lead to agglomeration and ensuring uniform grafting onto the aerogel particle surface. Maintaining a vinylsilane coupling agent concentration of 1 to 3 wt% ensures sufficient grafting of vinyl functional groups onto the aerogel particle surface while avoiding increased costs and excessive byproducts in subsequent reactions due to excessively high concentrations.

[0013] The aerogel is silica aerogel and its derivatives, with a particle size of 0.2–1 mm. Silica aerogel and its derivatives have excellent thermal insulation and light transmission properties, making them ideal raw materials for preparing aerogel glass. Controlling the aerogel particle size to 0.2–1 mm ensures good dispersibility of the aerogel particles in the acrylic resin precursor liquid, avoiding inhomogeneity of the composite system due to excessively large particles, while also reducing the voids between particles and improving the light transmission and thermal insulation properties of the aerogel glass.

[0014] Reacting at 75–90℃ for 2–5 hours ensures that the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the aerogel particles fully react with the vinyl silane coupling agent, achieving effective grafting of vinyl functional groups onto the surface of the aerogel particles. Repeated washing with ethanol and aqueous solution removes unreacted vinyl silane coupling agent and reaction byproducts, preventing them from adversely affecting the performance of the subsequent composite system. Drying at 60–80℃ removes adsorbed moisture and ethanol from the surface of the aerogel particles, while avoiding damage to the porous structure of the aerogel particles due to excessively high drying temperatures, thus ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the aerogel particles.

[0015] The viscosity of the acrylic resin precursor fluid is 5–100 mPa·s. The acrylic resin precursor fluid has good flowability and photocuring properties. Its viscosity is controlled at 5–100 mPa·s, which can ensure that the vinyl functionalized aerogel particles can be fully dispersed in it, and also ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent infusion process, avoiding infusion difficulties or the generation of air bubbles in the system due to excessive viscosity.

[0016] The mass ratio of the vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles to the acrylic resin precursor liquid is 1:2 to 3:4. This mass ratio range ensures that the aerogel glass has excellent thermal insulation performance while the composite system has good light transmission and mechanical properties. If the proportion of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles is too high, the viscosity of the composite system will increase, the dispersibility will deteriorate, and the mechanical properties of the material will decrease after photocuring. If the proportion of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles is too low, the ideal thermal insulation effect cannot be achieved.

[0017] The ultraviolet lamp has a wavelength of 200–450 nm and an irradiation time of 10–60 min. Ultraviolet light within this wavelength range can effectively excite the photoinitiator in the acrylic resin precursor liquid, promoting the polymerization reaction of the acrylic resin and achieving rapid curing. Controlling the irradiation time to 10–60 min ensures that the acrylic resin is fully cured, forming a stable three-dimensional network structure, while avoiding energy waste or material performance degradation due to excessively long irradiation times.

[0018] The two panes of glass can be common architectural glass such as ordinary float glass or ultra-clear glass. The thickness of the glass can be selected according to actual usage requirements. The spacing between the two panes of glass can be controlled by placing glass spacers, and the spacing range is usually 3 to 10 mm.

[0019] The photocurable aerogel glass is prepared by the above-mentioned method. Its structure includes two glass sheets and a photocurable aerogel composite layer located between the two glass sheets. The photocurable aerogel composite layer is composed of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles and a photocurable acrylic resin matrix. The vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles are uniformly dispersed in the photocurable acrylic resin matrix and are tightly bonded to the photocurable acrylic resin matrix through chemical bonds.

[0020] This photocurable aerogel glass has the following performance characteristics:

[0021] (1) Excellent thermal insulation performance: Since the aerogel particles have extremely low thermal conductivity and are uniformly dispersed in the acrylic resin matrix, forming a continuous thermal insulation system, the thermal conductivity of this light-cured aerogel glass can be as low as 0.02 to 0.04 W / (m·K), which is much lower than the thermal conductivity of traditional insulated glass (0.15 to 0.25 W / (m·K)).

[0022] (2) Good sound absorption performance: The nanoporous structure of aerogel particles can effectively absorb sound wave energy. At the same time, the interface between the acrylic resin matrix and the aerogel particles can also play a certain damping role on the sound waves. Therefore, the sound absorption coefficient of this light-cured aerogel glass can reach 0.3 to 0.5 in the mid-to-high frequency range, which has a good noise reduction effect.

[0023] (3) Excellent light transmittance: The refractive index difference between the vinyl functionalized aerogel particles and the acrylic resin matrix is ​​small, and the aerogel particles are uniformly dispersed without obvious agglomeration. Therefore, the visible light transmittance of this light-cured aerogel glass can reach 70% to 85%, which can meet the requirements of light transmittance for building decoration, etc.

[0024] (4) Strong interfacial bonding: Vinyl functionalized aerogel particles are tightly bonded to the acrylic resin matrix through chemical bonds. At the same time, the acrylic resin matrix can form a certain bonding effect with the glass surface during the curing process. Therefore, in this photocurable aerogel glass, the interfacial bonding strength between the aerogel composite layer and the glass surface can reach 1.5 to 3 MPa, which is much higher than the interfacial bonding strength of traditional powder-filled aerogel glass (0.1 to 0.5 MPa), effectively avoiding the problem of peeling between the aerogel layer and the glass.

[0025] (5) Good moisture resistance: The acrylic resin matrix has good sealing properties, which can encapsulate the aerogel particles and prevent moisture in the air from contacting the aerogel particles. Therefore, the light-cured aerogel glass does not require additional sealing treatment. After being placed in an environment with a relative humidity of 90% for 30 days, its thermal conductivity changes by less than 5%, and its moisture resistance is excellent.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) The dust problem of traditional powder aerogel filling process is solved: The present invention adopts the method of mixing vinyl functionalized aerogel particles with acrylic resin precursor liquid to form a composite precursor liquid, and then injecting it. The whole process does not have powder aerogel flying, avoiding the harm of dust to the environment and operators, and is environmentally friendly.

[0028] (2) Significantly improved interfacial bonding strength: By performing vinyl functionalization modification on aerogel particles, they can react chemically with acrylic resin precursor liquid to form chemical bonds. At the same time, after the acrylic resin is cured, it can also form good adhesion to the glass surface, thereby greatly improving the interfacial bonding strength between the aerogel composite layer and the glass, ensuring the structural stability and service life of the aerogel glass.

[0029] (3) Improved light transmittance: The vinyl functionalized aerogel particles are uniformly dispersed in the acrylic resin precursor liquid, and the difference in refractive index between the two is small, which reduces the light scattering loss. At the same time, no obvious bubbles are generated during the pouring and curing process of the composite precursor liquid. Therefore, the prepared photocurable aerogel glass has excellent light transmittance.

[0030] (4) Solved the moisture absorption problem of aerogel particles: The acrylic resin matrix can completely encapsulate the aerogel particles, forming an effective moisture barrier, preventing the aerogel particles from absorbing moisture from the air, thus ensuring the long-term stable heat insulation performance of aerogel glass, and eliminating the need for subsequent sealing treatment, simplifying the process.

[0031] (5) Simple process and easy to mass production: The preparation process of this invention mainly includes four steps: aerogel particle modification, composite precursor fluid preparation, infusion and ultraviolet curing. Each step is simple to operate, the reaction conditions are mild, no complicated equipment and strict process control are required, the production efficiency is high, the cost is low, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit the invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinyltrimethoxysilane (concentration of 1 wt%) was added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 5:1 and a pH of 4, and stirred at 1200 rpm for 28 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0036] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 0.5 mm silica aerogel particles were added to the above aerogel particle treatment solution and reacted at 80 °C for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered and repeatedly washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until the washing solution was neutral. Then it was dried at 70 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0037] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid: Vinyl functionalized aerogel particles and acrylic resin precursor liquid (Zigu UV7100-5S) with a viscosity of 45 mPa·s were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2, stirred at 1000 rpm for 45 min, and then degassed in a vacuum environment of -0.09 MPa for 25 min to obtain aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid.

[0038] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The above-mentioned composite precursor liquid was injected between two pieces of ultra-white glass with a thickness of 5 mm and a spacing of 5 mm, and irradiated with a UV lamp with a wavelength of 365 nm for 30 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0039] Performance tests were conducted on the photocurable aerogel glass, and the results showed that its thermal conductivity was 0.03 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance was 82%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient was 0.4, the interfacial bonding strength between the aerogel composite layer and the glass was 2.5 MPa, and the thermal conductivity changed by 3% after being placed in an environment with a relative humidity of 90% for 30 days.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinyltriethoxysilane (concentration of 2wt%) was added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 10:1 and a pH of 3, and stirred at 1500 rpm for 25 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0042] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 1 mm silica aerogel derivative particles were added to the above aerogel particle treatment solution and reacted at 90 °C for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered and repeatedly washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until the washing solution was neutral. Then it was dried at 80 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0043] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor fluid: Vinyl functionalized aerogel particles and acrylic resin precursor fluid (Lexell UV30-23) with a viscosity of 100 mPa·s were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:4, stirred at 1200 rpm for 30 min, and then degassed in a vacuum environment of -0.1 MPa for 20 min to obtain aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor fluid.

[0044] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The above-mentioned composite precursor liquid was injected between two float glass sheets with a thickness of 6 mm and a spacing of 10 mm, and irradiated with a UV lamp with a wavelength of 450 nm for 10 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0045] Performance test results: thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance is 75%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient is 0.5, interface bonding strength is 3 MPa, and the thermal conductivity change rate is 4% after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinylmethyldiethoxysilane (concentration of 3wt%) was added to an ethanol-water solution with a mass ratio of 1:1 and a pH of 6, and stirred at 1000 rpm for 30 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0048] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 0.2 mm silica aerogel particles were added to the above aerogel particle treatment solution and reacted at 75 °C for 5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered and repeatedly washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until the washing solution was neutral. Then it was dried at 60 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0049] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid: Vinyl functionalized aerogel particles and acrylic resin precursor liquid (Lidun MMA919) with a viscosity of 8 mPa·s were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2, stirred at 800 rpm for 60 min, and then degassed in a vacuum environment of -0.08 MPa for 30 min to obtain aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid.

[0050] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The above-mentioned composite precursor liquid was injected between two pieces of ultra-white glass with a thickness of 4 mm and a spacing of 3 mm, and irradiated with a 200 nm ultraviolet lamp for 60 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0051] Performance test results: thermal conductivity is 0.035 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance is 85%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient is 0.3, interface bonding strength is 1.5 MPa, and the thermal conductivity changes by 5% after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinyltriisopropoxysilane and tris(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1 (total concentration of 2wt%) and added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 7:1 and a pH of 5. The mixture was stirred at 1300 rpm for 27 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0054] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 0.8 mm silica aerogel derivative particles were added to the above treatment solution and reacted at 85 °C for 3.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until neutral, and dried at 75 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0055] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor fluid: The above-mentioned functionalized aerogel particles were mixed with acrylic resin precursor fluid (Lidun MMA004) with a viscosity of 15 mPa·s at a mass ratio of 2:3, stirred at 1100 rpm for 40 min, and degassed in an environment with a vacuum degree of -0.095 MPa for 22 min to obtain the composite precursor fluid.

[0056] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The composite precursor fluid was injected between two pieces of ultra-white glass with a thickness of 5 mm and a spacing of 7 mm, and then irradiated with a 300 nm ultraviolet lamp for 25 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0057] Performance test results: thermal conductivity is 0.028 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance is 80%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient is 0.45, interface bonding strength is 2.8 MPa, and the thermal conductivity change rate is 3.5% after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Triacetyloxyvinylsilane (concentration of 1.5 wt%) was added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 3:1 and a pH of 4.5, and stirred at 1400 rpm for 26 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0060] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 0.4 mm silica aerogel particles were added to the above treatment solution and reacted at 82 °C for 4 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until neutral, and dried at 68 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0061] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor fluid: The above-mentioned functionalized aerogel particles and acrylic resin precursor fluid (Zigu UV6078) with a viscosity of 30 mPa·s were mixed at a mass ratio of 5:8 (close to 3:4), stirred at 900 rpm for 50 min, and degassed in an environment with a vacuum degree of -0.085 MPa for 28 min to obtain the composite precursor fluid.

[0062] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The composite precursor liquid is injected between two float glass sheets with a thickness of 5 mm and a spacing of 6 mm, and then irradiated with a 380 nm ultraviolet lamp for 20 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0063] Performance test results: thermal conductivity is 0.032 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance is 83%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient is 0.42, interface bonding strength is 2.3 MPa, and the thermal conductivity change rate is 4.2% after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinyltriisopropoxysilane (concentration of 2.5 wt%) was added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 8:1 and a pH of 3.5, and stirred at 1100 rpm for 29 min at room temperature to obtain the aerogel particle treatment solution.

[0066] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: 0.6 mm silica aerogel derivative particles were added to the above treatment solution and reacted at 78 °C for 2.5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol and aqueous solution until neutral, and dried at 72 °C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles.

[0067] Preparation of aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor fluid: The above-mentioned functionalized aerogel particles and acrylic resin precursor fluid (Zigu UV7000) with a viscosity of 80 mPa·s were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:5 (close to 1:2), stirred at 1050 rpm for 35 min, and degassed in an environment with a vacuum degree of -0.092 MPa for 24 min to obtain the composite precursor fluid.

[0068] Preparation of photocurable aerogel glass: The composite precursor fluid was injected between two pieces of ultra-white glass with a thickness of 6 mm and a spacing of 8 mm, and then irradiated with a 420 nm ultraviolet lamp for 15 min to obtain photocurable aerogel glass.

[0069] Performance test results: thermal conductivity is 0.027 W / (m·K), visible light transmittance is 78%, mid-to-high frequency sound absorption coefficient is 0.48, interface bonding strength is 2.6 MPa, and the thermal conductivity change rate is 3.8% after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days.

[0070] Comparative Example 1

[0071] Directly filling silica aerogel powder with a particle size of 0.5mm between two pieces of ultra-white glass with a thickness of 5mm and a spacing of 5mm generates significant dust during the filling process.

[0072] To prevent the aerogel from absorbing moisture, butyl rubber is used to seal the glass around its edges, resulting in traditional aerogel glass.

[0073] Performance test results: Dust concentration during filling process reached 15mg / m³ 3(Far exceeding occupational exposure limits); thermal conductivity is 0.05 W / (m·K) (due to large particle gaps); visible light transmittance is 60% (due to light scattering caused by particle agglomeration); interfacial bonding strength is only 0.3 MPa (no chemical bonding); after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days, due to micro-leakage of the sealant, the thermal conductivity increased to 0.08 W / (m·K), with a change rate of 60%.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] Silica aerogel particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm can be directly taken without the functionalization treatment in steps (1) and (2).

[0076] Unmodified aerogel particles were mixed with an acrylic resin precursor liquid with a viscosity of 50 mPa·s at a mass ratio of 1:2, stirred at 1000 rpm for 45 min, and then degassed under vacuum for 25 min to obtain a composite precursor liquid.

[0077] Aerogel glass was obtained by infusion and UV curing according to the method of Example 1.

[0078] Performance test results: The aerogel particles were unevenly dispersed in the resin, with localized agglomeration; the thermal conductivity was 0.045 W / (m·K) (agglomeration caused discontinuous insulation); the visible light transmittance was 65% (agglomeration caused light scattering); the interfacial bonding strength was only 0.8 MPa (no chemical bonds, only physical encapsulation); after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days, the aerogel particles slightly detached from the resin, and the thermal conductivity changed by 15%.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Preparation of aerogel particle treatment solution: Vinyltrimethoxysilane (concentration of 5wt%, far exceeding the range of 1-3wt%) was added to an ethanol-water aqueous solution with a mass ratio of 5:1 and a pH of 4. The solution was stirred at 1200 rpm for 28 min at room temperature, and slight agglomeration occurred.

[0081] Preparation of vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles: Follow the steps in Example 1. After drying, white residue (unreacted silane) adheres to the surface of the particles.

[0082] Preparation of composite precursor fluid: Mixed according to the proportion of Example 1, the viscosity of the system abnormally increased to 200 mPa·s after stirring;

[0083] Preparation of aerogel glass: After infusion, irradiate with a 365nm ultraviolet lamp for 5 minutes (far below the range of 10-60 minutes) to obtain aerogel glass.

[0084] Performance test results: The resin was not fully cured and the surface was sticky; the thermal conductivity was 0.042 W / (m·K) (residual silane affected the thermal insulation); the visible light transmittance was 70% (surface residue caused light reflection); the interfacial bonding strength was only 1.0 MPa (incomplete curing + residual silane affected the bonding); after being placed in a humid environment for 30 days, the uncured resin absorbed water, and the thermal conductivity changed by 25%.

[0085] Table 1. Test results of examples and comparative examples of photocurable aerogel glass.

[0086]

[0087] As can be seen from the above comparison, the photocurable aerogel glass prepared in the embodiments of the present invention is significantly better than the comparative example in terms of dust control, heat insulation performance, light transmission performance, interface strength and moisture resistance, which fully verifies the advanced nature and practicality of the process of the present invention.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass, characterized in that, Its preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Add vinyl silane coupling agent to an aqueous ethanol solution and stir it at room temperature for 25-30 min to obtain an aerogel particle treatment solution; (2) Add the aerogel particles to the aerogel particle treatment solution in step (1), and react at 75-90°C for 2-5 hours. After filtering the reaction solution, wash and filter it repeatedly with ethanol and aqueous solution, and then dry it at 60-80°C to obtain vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles. (3) Add the vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles obtained in step (2) to the acrylic resin precursor liquid, and obtain the aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid by stirring and degassing treatment. (4) The aerogel composite acrylic resin precursor liquid obtained in step (3) is injected into the middle of the two glass pieces, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light to finally obtain photocured aerogel glass.

2. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vinyl silane coupling agent in step (1) is at least one of vinyltriisopropoxysilane, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, triacetoxyvinylsilane, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, tri(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane.

3. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 1:1 to 10:1, the pH value is 3 to 6, and the concentration of vinylsilane coupling agent is 1 to 3 wt%.

4. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerogel mentioned in step (2) is silica aerogel and its derivatives, with a thermal conductivity of no more than 0.020 W / (m·K) and a particle size of 0.2 to 1 mm.

5. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acrylic resin precursor fluid in step (3) has a viscosity of 5 to 100 mPa·s.

6. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the vinyl-functionalized aerogel particles and the acrylic resin precursor fluid in step (3) is 1:2 to 3:

4.

7. The method for preparing photocurable aerogel glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultraviolet lamp in step (4) has a wavelength of 200-450 nm and an irradiation time of 10-60 min.

8. A photocurable aerogel glass, characterized in that: It was prepared using the photocurable aerogel glass preparation method described above.

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