Fly ash pyrolyzing furnace and method for monitoring and controlling material temperature

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of household garbage synergistic fly ash treatment, in particular to a fly ash pyrolyzing furnace and a method for monitoring and controlling the temperature of materials, a feeding mechanism is installed in a furnace kiln body, and no flying dust exists in the furnace kiln body; the end sealing assemblies are connected with the two ends of the kiln body, and the sealing performance is high. The heating device is installed below the kiln body, the effects of being good in heat preservation effect and low in heating energy consumption are achieved, the multiple temperature measuring devices are evenly distributed in the kiln body circumferential direction of the kiln body, the temperature of materials in the kiln body is measured, and the number N of the temperature measuring devices and the diameter D of the kiln body are in a positive phase relation. The temperature of the materials in the furnace is measured and calculated according to the equipment size and the material transmission rate in combination with a temperature measuring point, and the technical effect of precise temperature control is achieved; by controlling the rotating speed of the furnace and the opening degree of the cooling water valve, the rotating speed of the furnace and the flow of cooling water are cooperatively controlled, the temperature of materials in the furnace is accurately controlled, and the technical effect of accurate temperature control is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of co-processing fly ash from municipal solid waste, and in particular to a fly ash pyrolysis furnace and a method for monitoring and controlling the temperature of the material. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash is the fine particulate powder collected from flue gas purification systems (such as bag filters) after municipal solid waste incineration. Fly ash has a complex composition, containing high concentrations of heavy metals (such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and chromium) and persistent organic pollutants (such as dioxins). Therefore, it is classified as hazardous waste (HW18) and cannot be directly landfilled; it must undergo strict harmless treatment.

[0003] A fly ash pyrolysis furnace is a high-temperature treatment device specifically designed for processing fly ash from waste incineration. In an oxygen-deficient or anaerobic environment, it heats the fly ash to a specific temperature (typically 400-600℃), causing the organic pollutants (dioxins) to decompose thermally and stabilizing heavy metals. This successfully transforms hazardous waste into general solid waste that can be recycled or safely landfilled, thus achieving the harmless and volume-reduced treatment of fly ash and creating conditions for subsequent resource utilization.

[0004] Existing technologies utilize vertical or horizontal furnaces and employ sealed heating methods. However, these technologies suffer from drawbacks such as unstable equipment sealing, high levels of fly ash dust within the furnace, low heating efficiency, and uneven temperature detection leading to inaccurate control. These drawbacks result in: 1) Air leakage inside the furnace leads to poor dioxin pyrolysis effect in fly ash, resulting in no dioxin decomposition; 2) The fly ash generates a lot of dust, resulting in a high dust content in the flue gas; 3) Existing furnace designs generate excessive heat, resulting in energy waste; 4) Uneven temperature detection leads to inaccurate control of furnaces and kilns. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fly ash pyrolysis furnace with good furnace sealing, reduced fly ash dust emission and low heat dissipation, and a method for monitoring and controlling material temperature, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art mentioned above.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a fly ash pyrolysis furnace, comprising... The kiln body, which is filled with materials, serves as the core container and heat exchanger for the fly ash pyrolysis reaction. After the kiln body is heated, it transfers heat to the fly ash material inside. The feeding mechanism is installed inside the furnace body. During the rotation process, it causes little agitation of the material and no dust. During the spiral process, it pushes the fly ash from one side to the other side. The fly ash advance process is relatively static, so as to achieve no dust in the furnace body and the temperature at both ends of the feeding mechanism is ≤50°. The end sealing assembly is a mechanical seal water-cooled system that is connected to both ends of the furnace body to seal the gap between the feeding mechanism and the furnace body and maintain a sealed environment inside the furnace body. The heating device is installed below the furnace body to heat the furnace body, and the heating energy consumption is low. Multiple temperature measuring devices sense the temperature field distribution inside the furnace and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the furnace body to form temperature measuring points. Each temperature measuring point is used to measure the temperature and calculate the temperature of the material inside the furnace. The number N of temperature measuring devices is positively correlated with the diameter D of the furnace body, thus ensuring measurement accuracy while optimizing costs.

[0007] Furthermore, the feed mechanism includes The spiral shaft is installed along the length of the furnace body; The spiral blades are arranged along the length of the spiral shaft and form an upper spiral part and a lower spiral part on the spiral shaft to realize the stable and continuous conveying of materials from the inlet to the outlet. A reinforcing rod is provided between the inner spiral surface of the spiral blade and the spiral shaft to increase the strength of the spiral blade. The dust-blocking buffer is installed at the connection between the upper and lower spiral parts of the spiral blades and the spiral shaft, and is arranged symmetrically to reduce the impact and flying of fly ash during the mixing process.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust-blocking buffer includes The connecting rod is mounted on the screw shaft; The ash-blocking buffer head is installed at the end of the connecting rod. One end of the ash-blocking buffer head is a wedge-shaped head, which is used to guide the fly ash and reduce its vertical movement. The wedge-shaped heads on the upper and lower ash-blocking buffer parts face opposite directions, effectively pressing the fly ash material towards the central spiral area, greatly suppressing the upward movement and scattering of the material during the mixing and pushing process, thereby achieving relatively static propulsion and meeting the special treatment requirements of fly ash, a lightweight and easily dusty material.

[0009] Furthermore, the end sealing assembly includes a mechanical seal for achieving a basic seal between the rotating helical shaft and the stationary furnace body, and for cooling the mechanical seal. The water circulation heat dissipation component includes a modularly integrated water pump, flow meter, pressure gauge, and radiator, with the water pump placed in a water tank; Cooling water pipes are installed at both ends of the water circulation heat dissipation assembly and connected to both ends of the feeding mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer perimeter wall of the furnace body is covered with an external insulation layer.

[0011] A method for monitoring and controlling material temperature, comprising a fly ash pyrolysis furnace as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the detection values ​​from multiple temperature measuring devices distributed around the circumference of the kiln body; Step 2: Determine the grouping strategy based on the kiln body, and divide the detected values ​​into upper region group and lower region group; Step 3: Based on the detection values ​​of the upper and lower region groups, and combined with the material's filling geometry parameters, calculate the material's center temperature T using a preset temperature calculation model; Step 4: Based on the calculated material center temperature T, a combination of fuzzy control and PID control algorithms is used to collaboratively generate control commands for adjusting the furnace body speed and for adjusting the opening of the cooling water valve in the end sealing assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the calculation model for the material center temperature T is as follows: ; in, This represents the average temperature of the temperature measurement points in the lower region. y is the average temperature of the temperature measuring points in the upper region; y is the centroid position of the material in the vertical direction; H is the material filling height; k is the correction factor; R is the radius of the furnace.

[0013] Furthermore, the centroid position y of the material in the vertical direction is calculated using a geometric model. The formula for the centroid position of the material is: ; Where α is the central angle corresponding to the material filling area.

[0014] Furthermore, the material filling height H is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the kiln body diameter.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes the start-up and shutdown control logic for the fly ash pyrolysis furnace: During startup, the heating device is activated only after the furnace body reaches the preset heating triggering condition. When shutting down, after heating is stopped, a delayed shutdown procedure is executed, and the temperature of the furnace body is continuously monitored until the temperature drops to a safe threshold and the delay ends, at which point the furnace body stops operating.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention solves the technical problem of air leakage caused by equipment expansion during the heating process by adding an end sealing component to a mechanical seal water cooling system, thereby achieving high sealing performance; (2) This invention solves the problem of fly ash dust generation in the pyrolysis process of rotary kiln by adding an in-furnace feeding mechanism, thereby achieving dust-free kiln body; (3) By adding a heating device and an external insulation layer between the heating device and the equipment, the present invention solves the technical problems of large heat loss and poor heat preservation performance of the furnace body, and achieves the effect of good heat preservation and low heating energy consumption. (4) By adding a matrix-type temperature measuring device, the present invention calculates the temperature of the material inside the furnace according to the equipment size and material transmission rate, combined with the temperature measuring points, thereby solving the technical problem of uneven furnace temperature measurement and poor material pyrolysis effect, and achieving the technical effect of precise temperature control. (5) This invention increases the control of furnace rotation speed and cooling water flow rate by controlling the furnace rotation speed and the opening of cooling water valve, so as to accurately control the temperature of materials in the furnace, solve the technical problems of avoiding frequent speed adjustment of furnace equipment, reducing furnace failure rate, avoiding noise pollution caused by the high speed rotation of furnace, improving working conditions, reducing energy and water waste, and achieving the technical effect of precise temperature control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fly ash pyrolysis furnace of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism inside the furnace body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the temperature control logic of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the furnace body with a diameter D < 0.9m in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the control logic diagram for the fly ash pyrolysis furnace during startup of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the control logic diagram for the fly ash pyrolysis furnace during shutdown according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the furnace body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, with a diameter of 0.9m < D < 1.5m; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the furnace body with a diameter D > 1.5m in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Furnace body, 2. End sealing assembly, 3. External insulation layer. 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Screw shaft; 42. Screw blades; 43. Dust-blocking buffer; 431. Connecting rod; 432. Dust-blocking buffer head; 44. Reinforcing rod. 5. Cooling and heat dissipation mechanism, 6. Cooling water pipes, 7. Heating device, 8. Temperature measuring device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0020] Example 1: like Figures 1-6 The fly ash pyrolysis furnace shown includes The furnace body 1 is filled with material and is stationary. The material in the furnace body 1 is not fully filled. The filling height H of the material is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the furnace body 1. The feeding mechanism 4 is installed inside the furnace body 1. It is a special spiral mechanism that minimizes material agitation and dust generation during rotation. The spiral process pushes fly ash from one side to the other, and the fly ash advances in a relatively static manner. The end sealing assembly 2 is connected to both ends of the furnace body 1 to seal the gap between the feeding mechanism 4 and the furnace body 1, and adopts a water-cooled mechanical seal. Heating device 7 is installed below the furnace body 1 to heat the entire furnace body 1. Heating device 7 is an electromagnetic generator. The electromagnetic generator can achieve precise temperature control and rapid response, stimulating the metal on the surface of the furnace body 1 to heat up. The heat is transferred to the fly ash inside the furnace body 1. This method of heating is uniform, has high thermal efficiency and fast response speed, laying the foundation for subsequent precise temperature control. The outer insulation layer 3 is wrapped around the outer peripheral wall of the furnace body 1 to prevent heat from escaping from the furnace body, resulting in low heat dissipation and improved thermal efficiency. At the same time, it can prevent heat from being transferred to the heating device 7 and prevent damage to the heating device 7. The outer insulation layer 3 mainly uses composite magnesium aluminum silicate and other materials, which are non-combustible, high temperature resistant, and adopt an air and insulation layer design with a thermal conductivity of 0.04W / m·K. Multiple temperature measuring devices 8 are evenly distributed around the kiln body 1 to form temperature measuring points, which are used to measure the temperature of each temperature measuring point and calculate the temperature of the material inside the kiln body 1. The number N of temperature measuring devices 8 is positively correlated with the diameter D of the kiln body 1. Among them, the temperature measuring device 8 is a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor adopts the Chuanyi WRGNK type thermocouple, which directly measures the temperature. The accuracy class is I, the absolute accuracy is ±1.5℃ or |±0.004|t, the repeatability accuracy is ±1.2℃ at 400℃, the measurement range is -40~800℃, the temperature response time is 0.2S, and the installation method is an armored sensor inserted into the furnace wall.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the feed mechanism 4 includes The spiral shaft 41 is installed along the length of the furnace body 1; The spiral blade 42 is arranged along the shaft length of the spiral shaft 41, and forms an upper spiral part and a lower spiral part on the spiral shaft 41. A reinforcing rod 44 is provided between the inner spiral surface of the spiral blade 42 and the spiral shaft 41. The dust-blocking buffer 43 is installed at the connection between the upper and lower spiral parts of the spiral blade 42 and the spiral shaft 41, and is arranged symmetrically to reduce the impact and flying of fly ash during the mixing process.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the dust-blocking buffer 43 includes Connecting rod 431 is mounted on screw shaft 41; The fly ash buffer head 432 is installed at the end of the connecting rod 431. One end of the fly ash buffer head 432 is a wedge-shaped head, which is used to guide the fly ash and reduce the vertical movement of the fly ash. The wedge-shaped heads on the upper and lower fly ash buffer parts 43 face opposite directions.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the end sealing assembly 2 includes a mechanical seal and a cooling device for cooling the mechanical seal. The water circulation heat dissipation component 5 includes a modularly integrated water pump, flow meter, pressure gauge and radiator, with the water pump placed in a water tank; Cooling water pipes 6 are installed at both ends of the water circulation heat dissipation assembly 5 and connected to both ends of the feeding mechanism 4.

[0024] Active cooling prevents mechanical seals from failing or burning due to heat generated by high temperatures and rotational friction inside the furnace, ensuring stable sealing performance under long-term high-temperature operation.

[0025] The cooling water circulates in the system to keep the end temperature ≤50°C, and will not cause poor sealing performance due to expansion. The equipment has good sealing performance and prevents oxygen from remaining in the furnace body 1. like Figures 3-6 As shown, a method for monitoring and controlling material temperature includes a fly ash pyrolysis furnace as described in any of the above embodiments, with the following specific steps: Step 1: Obtain the detection values ​​from multiple temperature measuring devices 8 distributed circumferentially along the kiln body 1. Step 2: Determine the grouping strategy based on the kiln body 1, and divide the detected values ​​into the upper region group and the lower region group; Step 3: Based on the detection values ​​of the upper and lower region groups, and combined with the material's filling geometry parameters, calculate the material's center temperature T using a preset temperature calculation model; Step 4: Based on the calculated material center temperature T, a combination of fuzzy control and PID control algorithms is used to generate control commands for adjusting the rotational speed of the furnace body 1 and for adjusting the opening of the cooling water valve in the end sealing assembly 2. This enables coordinated control of the furnace rotation speed and cooling water flow rate, accurately controlling the material temperature inside the furnace. This solves the technical problems of avoiding frequent speed adjustments of the furnace equipment, reducing the furnace failure rate, avoiding noise pollution caused by the high-speed rotation of the furnace, improving working conditions, reducing energy and water waste, and achieving precise temperature control.

[0026] The calculation model for the material's center temperature T is as follows: ; in, This represents the average temperature of the temperature measurement points in the lower region. This represents the average temperature of the temperature measurement points in the upper region. D is the diameter of the furnace; y is the centroid position of the material in the vertical direction; H is the material filling height; k is the correction coefficient; and R is the radius of the furnace.

[0027] The centroid position y of the material in the vertical direction is calculated using a geometric model. The formula for the centroid position of the material is: ; Where α is the central angle corresponding to the material filling area.

[0028] The correction coefficient k ranges from 0.2 to 0.4. In the process of fly ash pyrolysis, in order to achieve accurate estimation of material temperature, it can more accurately reflect the actual temperature distribution of materials in the furnace body 1.

[0029] Correction coefficient k: This is an empirical coefficient between 0 and 1.

[0030] k = 0: Degenerates into a one-dimensional model.

[0031] k≈0.2~0.4: This is a reasonable range. For this specific geometry with H / R=2 / 3, k≈0.3 is recommended. This coefficient reflects the degree of influence of radial heat flow. The shorter and wider the cylinder (the smaller the H / R ratio), the larger the k value should be.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, taking a furnace body diameter D < 0.9m as an example, there are 4 temperature measuring points at an angle of 60°. The material inside the furnace body 1 is not fully filled, and the filling area is the bottom 1 / 3D. The temperature at the center of the material is: .

[0033] It also includes the start-up and shutdown control logic for the fly ash pyrolysis furnace: like Figure 5 As shown, during startup, the heating device 7 is started only after the rotation speed of the furnace body 1 reaches the preset heating trigger condition. Specifically, the fly ash pyrolysis furnace is started through the control screen or through the button of the electrical control box. At the same time, the equipment is checked for faults. After the requirements are met, the pyrolysis furnace is started and runs at the set speed. When it runs to a certain speed (the speed can be set), the furnace body 1 is heated. The control of the furnace body 1 can be selected as temperature following mode and constant speed mode. like Figure 6 As shown, during shutdown, after heating is stopped, a delayed shutdown procedure is executed, and the temperature of the furnace body 1 is continuously monitored until the temperature drops to a safe threshold and the delay ends, at which point the furnace body stops operating. Specifically, after the pyrolysis furnace discharges material, the furnace heating is stopped, and then the furnace body stops operating after the temperature drops to below 30°C through a delayed shutdown.

[0034] Work process: Step 1: The system first performs a self-check by issuing a start command through the control screen or electrical control box to confirm that the feeding mechanism 4, heating device 7, end sealing assembly 2, temperature measuring device 8, etc. are fault-free. Start the water circulation and heat dissipation component 5 in the end sealing assembly 2, the water pump starts to work, and the cooling water circulates through the cooling water pipe 6 to continuously cool the mechanical seal that flows through it, ensuring that the end temperature is ≤50℃ and establishing a reliable sealing environment; Step 2: Start the drive device (such as a motor) of the feeding mechanism 4. The screw shaft 41 starts to rotate at low speed, and the fly ash material enters the furnace body 1 from the feed port. Step 3: The rotating spiral blades 42 smoothly push the fly ash from the feed side to the discharge side. Due to the special design of the spiral, the material advances relatively statically, avoiding violent tumbling. During this process, the ash-blocking buffer 43 installed at the connection of the spiral blades 42 plays a key role. Its symmetrical design with oppositely oriented wedge heads can effectively guide and block the raised fly ash, pressing it towards the central conveying channel, thereby significantly reducing the vertical movement and impact of the fly ash and achieving a conveying effect with minimal agitation and no dust. Step 4: When the furnace body 1 reaches the preset speed, the heating device 7 is started. It stimulates the metal kiln body of the furnace body 1 to heat up. The heat is evenly transferred inward. The outer insulation layer 3 wrapped around the kiln body effectively prevents heat from overflowing, improves thermal efficiency, and protects the heating device 7 from overheating. Step 5: Multiple temperature measuring devices 8 evenly distributed around the circumference monitor the temperature at different locations on the furnace wall in real time. The number of measuring points N is determined according to the kiln diameter D, ensuring the accuracy of temperature monitoring for equipment of different sizes. Step 6: The control system collects these temperature values ​​and, according to the preset grouping strategy and temperature calculation model, combined with the material's filling geometric parameters (such as the centroid position y), calculates the material's center temperature T in real time. Step 7: The control system compares the calculated material center temperature T with the target temperature set by the process to obtain the deviation; Based on this deviation, the system adopts a comprehensive algorithm that combines fuzzy control and PID control to collaboratively generate control commands; The speed of the feeding mechanism 4 and the opening of the cooling water valve are dynamically adjusted. Through the coordinated adjustment of these two, the material is ensured to complete pyrolysis at the optimal temperature and reaction time, which not only ensures the processing effect but also improves energy efficiency. Step 8: The processed fly ash is pushed to the discharge port by the feeding mechanism 4 and discharged. Step 9: After the material is discharged, first stop the heating device 7, the furnace body 1 and the feeding mechanism 4 continue to operate, and the cooling water system continues to work. This is a delayed shutdown procedure, the purpose of which is to allow the equipment to cool down evenly under stirring and cooling. The system continuously monitors the furnace temperature. Only when the temperature drops below the safety threshold (e.g., 30°C) and the delay time ends will the feeding mechanism 4 and the cooling water system be stopped, and the entire process will be safely completed.

[0035] It can be seen that the furnace material temperature control uses a new control technology that coordinates the speed of the furnace body 1 and the cooling water. Through the comprehensive calculation of fuzzy control and PID control algorithms, the furnace speed and cooling water flow are matched at the same time. This avoids the defects of simple furnace body 1 speed control and the noise pollution caused by excessive furnace body 1 speed, thus improving the working environment of the staff. It also avoids the characteristics of excessive energy loss and low efficiency caused by simple cooling water cooling during the heating process of body 1.

[0036] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, 0.9m < D < 1.5m, the temperature measuring points are 6 evenly distributed at an angle of 60°, the material in the furnace body 1 is not fully filled, the filling area is the bottom 1 / 3D, and the material center temperature T: .

[0037] Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, D > 1.5m, the temperature measuring points are distributed in 8 evenly spaced points at an angle of 45°. The material inside the furnace body 1 is not fully filled, with the filling area being the bottom 1 / 3D. The material center temperature T is: .

[0038] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fly ash pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: include The kiln body (1) is filled with materials; The feeding mechanism (4) is installed inside the furnace body (1). During the rotation process, it causes little agitation of the material and generates no dust. During the spiral process, it pushes the fly ash from one side to the other side. The fly ash advance process is relatively static. The end sealing assembly (2) is connected to both ends of the furnace body (1) to seal the gap between the feeding mechanism (4) and the furnace body (1); Heating device (7) is installed below the furnace body (1) to heat the furnace body (1); Multiple temperature measuring devices (8) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the kiln body (1) to form temperature measuring points, which are used to measure the temperature of each temperature measuring point and calculate the temperature of the material inside the kiln body (1). The number N of temperature measuring devices (8) is positively correlated with the diameter D of the kiln body (1).

2. The fly ash pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed mechanism (4) includes The spiral shaft (41) is installed along the length of the furnace body (1); The spiral blade (42) is arranged along the shaft length of the spiral shaft (41) and forms an upper spiral part and a lower spiral part on the spiral shaft (41); The dust-blocking buffer (43) is installed at the connection between the upper and lower spiral parts of the spiral blade (42) and the spiral shaft (41), and is arranged symmetrically to reduce the impact and flying of fly ash during the stirring process.

3. The fly ash pyrolysis furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust-blocking buffer (43) includes Connecting rod (431) is mounted on screw shaft (41); The dust-blocking buffer head (432) is installed at the end of the connecting rod (431). One end of the dust-blocking buffer head (432) is a wedge-shaped head, which is used to guide the fly ash and reduce the vertical movement of the fly ash. The wedge-shaped heads on the upper and lower dust-blocking buffer parts (43) face opposite directions.

4. The fly ash pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end sealing assembly (2) includes a mechanical seal and a cooling device for cooling the mechanical seal. The water circulation heat dissipation component (5) includes a modularly integrated water pump, flow meter, pressure gauge and radiator, with the water pump placed in a water tank; Cooling water pipes (6) are installed at both ends of the water circulation heat dissipation assembly (5) and connected to both ends of the feeding mechanism (4).

5. The fly ash pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the furnace body (1) is covered with an outer insulation layer (3).

6. A method for monitoring and controlling the temperature of materials, characterized in that: Including the fly ash pyrolysis furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Obtain the detection values ​​from multiple temperature measuring devices (8) distributed circumferentially along the kiln body (1); Step 2: Determine the grouping strategy based on the kiln body (1) and divide the detected values ​​into upper region group and lower region group; Step 3: Based on the detection values ​​of the upper and lower region groups, and combined with the material's filling geometry parameters, calculate the material's center temperature T using a preset temperature calculation model; Step 4: Based on the calculated material center temperature T, a combination of fuzzy control and PID control algorithms is used to generate control commands for adjusting the rotation speed of the furnace body (1) and for adjusting the opening of the cooling water valve in the end sealing assembly (2).

7. The method for monitoring and controlling material temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation model for the material center temperature T is as follows: ； in, This represents the average temperature of the temperature measurement points in the lower region. y is the average temperature of the temperature measuring points in the upper region; y is the centroid position of the material in the vertical direction; H is the material filling height; k is the correction factor; R is the radius of the furnace.

8. The method for monitoring and controlling material temperature according to claim 7, characterized in that: The centroid position y of the material in the vertical direction is obtained through geometric model calculation. The formula for the centroid position of the material is as follows: ; Where α is the central angle corresponding to the material filling area.

9. A method for monitoring and controlling material temperature according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filling height H of the material is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the kiln body (1).

10. A method for monitoring and controlling material temperature according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes the start-up and shutdown control logic for the fly ash pyrolysis furnace: When starting up, the heating device (7) is started only after the rotation speed of the furnace body (1) reaches the preset heating trigger condition. When shutting down, after heating is stopped, a delayed shutdown procedure is executed, and the temperature of the furnace body (1) is continuously monitored until the temperature drops to a safe threshold and the delay ends, at which point the operation of the furnace body (1) is stopped.

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