Multi-condition integrated and automatic lifting type soil disintegration testing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-condition integrated and automatic lifting type soil disintegration testing device. The device comprises a lifting base, a supporting guide frame, an upper fixing platform, a raining device bearing platform, a lifting bearing platform and a display terminal. A horizontal frame of the upper fixed platform, a raining device bearing platform and a lifting bearing platform are sequentially arranged on the supporting guide frame; a tension sensor is mounted in the center of the horizontal frame; a camera is arranged on the inner side of the supporting guide frame. The tension sensor and the camera are respectively in signal connection with the display terminal; a raining device, a water inlet and a water inflow adjusting knob are arranged on the raining device bearing platform; a water tank is arranged below the raining device; the two ends of the tension sensor are connected with lifting ropes, and the tail ends of the lifting ropes are connected with a soil sample screen plate for fixing a soil sample; a soil sample positioning ring is arranged in the center of the soil sample screen plate. According to the invention, various test disintegration conditions such as an automatic lifting system, dynamic water, static water and rain washing are integrated, so that the precision and efficiency of disintegration characteristic evaluation are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a multi-condition integrated and automated lifting type soil disintegration testing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a typical seasonal frozen soil region, the northwest region of China is widely distributed with loess layers with large pores and significant water sensitivity. Under the natural water content state, such loess usually presents low compressibility and high strength mechanical properties. However, when subjected to hydrological effects such as rainfall, irrigation or groundwater, the cementing structure will irreversibly destroy due to the rapid weakening of the inter-particle connection force, and then induce engineering geological hazards such as collapsible deformation, structural disintegration, etc. At the same time, the unique rapid disintegration characteristics of the loess in the northwest region often lead to typical geological disasters such as differential settlement of roadbed, collapse of roadbed, slope sliding, etc., which has become a major engineering geological problem restricting the regional infrastructure construction. Under this background, the establishment of a precise monitoring system for the disintegration process of soil not only can provide key parameters for the design of engineering structures in special soil areas, but also can provide scientific basis for the optimization of early warning and prevention measures of geological disasters, which has important practical value for improving the safety performance of major projects in cold and arid regions.

[0003] At present, the collapsible loess disintegration test generally uses the float method, which still has some shortcomings. First, the traditional device can only detect the disintegration of soil under a single test condition, and the fixed and deep water tank used for disintegration test needs to manually sink the soil sample block into water, which has poor positioning accuracy and unstable position, and is easy to deviate from the tension monitoring axis, resulting in systematic deviation of data. At the same time, the mechanical shaking introduced by manual operation will interfere with the initial state of the soil sample, so that the soil sample will start to disintegrate rapidly as soon as it is put into water, especially for low-strength remolded soil samples and samples with fast disintegration rate, which has a significant impact, reducing the repeatability of the test. Second, the traditional device relies only on manual visual observation to determine the disintegration process, lacks real-time and synchronous recording of key mechanical properties (such as residual tension) and micro-morphological changes during the disintegration process, and is difficult to realize quantitative analysis of the disintegration mechanism. Finally, manual recording may lead to uneven data collection intervals, making it difficult to accurately capture the dynamic evolution of key nodes (such as the rapid disintegration stage) of disintegration, and the image recording and mechanical data collection are not synchronized, which cannot realize the correlation analysis of mechanical behavior and morphological changes, and it is difficult to fully, objectively and accurately describe the disintegration process of soil.

[0004] In summary, soil disintegration characteristics are a key factor affecting the safety of engineering facilities and the stability of the geological environment. Addressing the shortcomings of existing devices in meeting the requirements for high-precision, multi-dimensional research, there is an urgent need to develop an improved device that integrates multiple conditions such as dynamic water disintegration, static water disintegration, and rain erosion disintegration, stable water immersion of test soil blocks, automated control, precise monitoring, and simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters. This device would more objectively, comprehensively, and quantitatively evaluate the disintegration characteristics of soil under different engineering hydrogeological conditions, thereby providing a more reliable scientific basis for engineering design, disaster early warning, and prevention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device that improves testing accuracy and efficiency.

[0006] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test method using the multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration test device.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device, characterized in that: the device comprises a lifting base, a support guide frame with a vertical frame structure placed on the lifting base, an upper fixed platform connected to the support guide frame, a rain shower device support, a lifting bearing platform, and a display terminal located away from the lifting base; the lifting base is equipped with a transmission mechanism, and its surface is provided with lifting operation buttons; the transmission mechanism is connected to the support guide frame; the support guide frame is provided with a horizontal frame of the upper fixed platform, the rain shower device support, and the lifting bearing platform in sequence from top to bottom; a tension sensor is installed at the center of the horizontal frame; the rain shower device support and the lifting bearing platform... A camera is provided on the inner side of the support guide frame; the tension sensor and the camera are respectively connected to the display terminal; a lifting slide is provided on the inner side of the support guide frame; the end of the lifting support platform passes through the support guide frame and is placed in the lifting slide; a rain shower device, a water inlet, and a water volume adjustment knob are respectively provided on the rain shower device support; a water tank is fixed on the lifting support platform below the rain shower device; a water outlet and a water volume adjustment knob are respectively provided on one side of the bottom of the water tank; the tension sensor is connected to the two ends of the connector with a suspension rope, the end of which is connected to the soil sample mesh plate for fixing the soil sample, and the rain shower device support passes through the suspension rope; a soil sample positioning ring is provided at the center of the soil sample mesh plate.

[0008] The transmission mechanism within the lifting base includes a base, a motor mounted on the base, and a pair of lifting screw guide columns; the output shaft of the motor is clamped between the pair of lifting screw guide columns, and the end of the output shaft is connected to the base; a lifting slide is provided at the top of the pair of lifting screw guide columns, and lifting rods are provided at both ends of the lifting slide; the lifting rods are embedded in the lifting slide groove and connected to the lifting support platform.

[0009] The inlet and outlet are equipped with removable filters.

[0010] The tension sensor is connected to the soil sample mesh via the suspension rope. The tension sensor and the center of the mesh are on the same vertical plane, and the center of the soil sample coincides with the axis of the tension sensor.

[0011] The soil sample positioning ring is a circle with a diameter of 40 mm, centered on the center of the soil sample mesh.

[0012] The test method using the apparatus described above includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Prepare soil samples of the required size; S2: No-load test: Water is added to the tank during dynamic and static water disintegration tests, or no water is added during rain erosion disintegration tests. The lifting platform is then raised until the soil sample mesh is submerged to the required test depth, and the display terminal automatically records the tension sensor data at this point. F z ; S3: Disintegration Test S3-1: Dynamic water disintegration test: The lifting platform is lowered to place the test soil sample on the soil sample mesh. The lifting platform then rises until it is submerged in the soil sample, and the display terminal automatically records the tension sensor data at this point. F 0. Then the camera takes pictures to record the state of the soil sample; then the inlet and outlet are opened at the same time to ensure that the inflow and outflow are consistent and to create flowing water. S3-2: Static water disintegration test: The lifting platform is lowered to place the test soil sample on the soil sample mesh. The lifting platform then rises until it is submerged in the soil sample, and the display terminal automatically records the tension sensor data at this point. F 0. Then the camera takes pictures to record the state of the soil sample; S3-3: Rain erosion disintegration test: The lifting platform is lowered to place the test soil sample on the soil sample mesh, and the display terminal automatically records the tension sensor data at this time. F0. Then the camera takes pictures to record the state of the soil sample; then the inlet and outlet are opened at the same time to ensure that the inlet and outlet water volume is consistent, so as to form rain rinsing. As the experiment progressed, the soil sample gradually disintegrated or was eroded. Data was recorded every 1 minute during the disintegration process. F t The soil sample disintegration state is photographed and recorded, and the disintegration recording interval is adjusted appropriately according to the rate of sample disintegration; when the sample has completely passed through the soil sample mesh, that is... F t = F z When the sample does not disintegrate for an extended period, record the sample's condition in water and the test can be manually stopped. S4: Data Processing In the formula: A t —Disintegration rate of the sample at time t, in % F t —The reading of the tension sensor at time t; F 0 — Data from the tension sensor at the start of the test.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Improve the stability and reliability of the experimental process and results: The device of this invention achieves automatic lifting and lowering by setting a transmission mechanism, which ensures the stability of the soil sample during the lifting and lowering process in the water tank, avoids mechanical shaking caused by manual operation from interfering with the initial state of the soil sample, greatly improves the reliability of equipment operation and the repeatability of testing, and reduces the impact of operational errors on test results.

[0014] 2. Achieve multi-dimensional, synchronous, and accurate monitoring: This invention integrates a tensile sensor and a high-definition industrial camera, enabling simultaneous acquisition of tensile force change data and image information during the soil sample disintegration process. The high-precision tensile sensor can monitor mechanical properties in real time, while the camera can capture morphological details, solving the problems of single monitoring dimensions and asynchronous data in traditional methods, and providing a basis for the quantitative analysis of disintegration mechanisms.

[0015] 3. Integrates multiple test conditions, expands functionality, and improves testing efficiency: This invention integrates three disintegration test conditions: dynamic water, static water, and rain erosion, which are switched through a controllable water inlet and outlet system. Combined with automatic lifting control and automatic data recording functions of the display terminal, it achieves standardization and automation of the entire process of test preparation, process control, and data acquisition, significantly improving testing efficiency and providing more comprehensive and accurate data for engineering practices under different hydrogeological conditions.

[0016] 4. By adopting this invention, the problems of large manual operation error, single monitoring dimension, and asynchronous data in the traditional float method are effectively solved, and the accuracy and efficiency of disintegration characteristic assessment are significantly improved, providing key data test basis for related projects in collapsible loess areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting base in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support guide frame in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil sample mesh plate in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rain shower device and the rain shower device support in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Upper fixed platform; 2-Support guide frame; 3-Lifting bearing platform; 4-Lifting base; 5-Tension sensor; 6-Camera; 7-Lifting operation button; 8-Hanging rope; 9-Soil sample mesh; 10-Soil sample; 11-Water tank; 12-Rain shower device; 13-Rain shower device support; 14-Water inlet; 15-Water inlet adjustment knob; 16-Water outlet; 17-Water outlet adjustment knob; 18-Display terminal; 19-Motor; 20-Lifting screw guide column; 21-Lifting slide; 22-Lifting rod; 23-Base; 24-Lifting chute; 25-Soil sample positioning ring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device includes a lifting base 4, a support guide frame 2 with a vertical frame structure placed on the lifting base 4, an upper fixed platform 1 connected to the support guide frame 2, a rain shower device platform 13, a lifting bearing platform 3, and a display terminal 18 located away from the lifting base 4.

[0025] The lifting base 4 is equipped with a transmission mechanism that drives the lifting platform 3 to rise and fall. Its surface is equipped with lifting operation buttons 7 to control the rising, stopping, and falling. The transmission mechanism is connected to the support guide frame 2. The support guide frame 2 is equipped with a horizontal frame of the upper fixed platform 1, a rain device support 13, and the lifting platform 3 in sequence from top to bottom. A tension sensor 5 is installed at the center of the horizontal frame. A camera 6 is installed on the inner side of the support guide frame 2 between the rain device support 13 and the lifting platform 3. The tension sensor 5 and the camera 6 are respectively connected to the display terminal 18 for displaying tension data and disintegration images. The inner side of the support guide frame 2 is provided with a lifting slide 24; the end of the lifting bearing platform 3 passes through the support guide frame 2 and is placed in the lifting slide 24; the rain device platform 13 is provided with a rain device 12, a water inlet 14, and a water flow adjustment knob 15; below the rain device 12 is a water tank 11 fixed on the lifting bearing platform 3 for holding and containing the test soil sample 10; the bottom side of the water tank 11 is provided with a water outlet 16 and a water flow adjustment knob 17; the tension sensor 5 is connected to the two ends of the connector with a suspension rope 8, the end of which is connected to the soil sample mesh plate 9 that fixes the soil sample 10, and the rain device platform 13 passes through the suspension rope 8 without interfering with the data recording of the tension sensor 5. The center of the soil sample mesh plate 9 is provided with a soil sample positioning ring 25 with a diameter of 40mm.

[0026] The transmission mechanism inside the lifting base 4 includes a base 23, a motor 19 placed on the base 23, and a pair of lifting screw guide columns 20; the output shaft of the motor 19 is held between the pair of lifting screw guide columns 20, and the end of the output shaft is connected to the base 23; a lifting slide 21 is provided on the top of the pair of lifting screw guide columns 20, and lifting rods 22 are provided at both ends of the lifting slide 21; the lifting rods 22 are embedded in the lifting slide groove 24 and connected to the lifting support platform 3 to drive the lifting support platform 3 to rise and fall along the support guide frame 2.

[0027] The inlet 14 and outlet 16 are equipped with removable filters to ensure uniform water output.

[0028] The water tank 11 moves up and down with the lifting platform 3 at a speed of 15 mm / s, with a maximum stroke of 150 mm. The nested structure formed by the support guide frame 2 and the lifting rod 22 suppresses lateral swaying and ensures that the lifting rod 22 and the lifting platform 3 move smoothly vertically. At the same time, it ensures the stability of the water tank 11 during lifting, increases the safety of the test and reduces interference with the soil sample.

[0029] The tension sensor 5 is connected to the soil sample mesh 9 that fixes the soil sample 10 via a suspension rope 8 to monitor the change in tension during the soil sample disintegration process. The tension sensor 5 and the center of the mesh are on the same vertical plane, and the center of the soil sample 10 coincides with the axis of the tension sensor 5 to eliminate eccentricity error.

[0030] The soil sample positioning ring 25 is a circle with a diameter of 40 mm, centered on the center of the soil sample mesh plate 9. During the test, the sample is a soil column. The function of the soil sample positioning ring 25 is to ensure that the soil sample 10 is placed in the center of the soil sample mesh plate 9 and to ensure that the center of the soil sample 10 and the tension sensor 5 are on the same vertical plane.

[0031] Motor 19 provides power for the transmission, and drives the lifting slide 21 to move up and down through the rotation of the screw.

[0032] The support guide frame 2 is made of hollow steel pipe and is used to connect and support the upper fixed platform 1 and the lifting base 4.

[0033] The lifting slide 24 is used to connect the lifting platform 3 through the support guide frame 2 and the lifting rod 22, so that the lifting slide 21, the lifting rod 22 and the lifting platform 3 form a lifting whole.

[0034] The tension sensor 5 is a high-precision tension-compression sensor with real-time data acquisition and transmission capabilities, and its tension monitoring range is 0~1000kg.

[0035] Camera 6 is mounted on the side of the support guide frame 2 and is used to acquire images of soil sample disintegration. Camera 6 is a high-definition industrial camera with a resolution of no less than 2 million pixels. It has autofocus and timed shooting functions and can clearly capture detailed changes in the surface disintegration of soil samples.

[0036] The testing method using this device includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Prepare soil samples of the required size (10); S2: No-load test: Water is added to the water tank 11 during the dynamic and static water disintegration test, or no water is added to the water tank 11 during the rain erosion disintegration test; then the lifting platform 3 is controlled to rise until the soil sample mesh 9 is submerged to the required test depth, and the display terminal 18 automatically records the data from the tension sensor 5 at this time. F z ; S3: Disintegration Test S3-1: Dynamic water disintegration test: The lifting platform 3 is lowered to place the test soil sample 10 on the soil sample mesh 9. The lifting platform 3 is then raised to submerge the soil sample 10, and the display terminal 18 automatically records the data from the tension sensor 5 at this time. F 0. Then, camera 6 takes a picture to record the state of soil sample 10; then, inlet 14 and outlet 16 are opened at the same time to ensure that the inflow and outflow are consistent and to form flowing water. S3-2: Static water disintegration test: The lifting platform 3 is lowered to place the test soil sample 10 on the soil sample mesh 9. The lifting platform 3 is then raised to submerge the soil sample 10, and the display terminal 18 automatically records the data from the tension sensor 5 at this time. F 0. Then, camera 6 takes a picture to record the state of soil sample 10; S3-3: Rain erosion disintegration test: The lifting platform 3 is lowered to place the test soil sample 10 on the soil sample mesh 9. The display terminal 18 automatically records the data from the tension sensor 5 at this time. F 0. Then, camera 6 takes a picture to record the state of soil sample 10; then, inlet 14 and outlet 16 are opened at the same time to ensure that the inflow and outflow are consistent, forming a rain wash. As the experiment progressed, soil sample 10 gradually disintegrated or was eroded. Data was recorded every 1 minute during the disintegration process. F t The disintegration state of soil sample 10 was photographed and recorded. The disintegration recording interval was adjusted appropriately according to the disintegration rate of the sample. The disintegration was considered complete when the sample had completely passed through the soil sample mesh 9. F t = F z When the sample does not disintegrate for an extended period, record the sample's condition in water and the test can be manually stopped. S4: Data Processing In the formula: A t —Disintegration rate of the sample at time t, in % F t —The reading of tension sensor 5 at time t; F 0 — Data from tension sensor 5 at the start of the test.

Claims

1. A multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device, characterized in that: The device includes a lifting base (4), a support guide frame (2) with a vertical frame structure placed on the lifting base (4), an upper fixed platform (1) connected to the support guide frame (2), a rain device support platform (13), and a lifting support platform (3), as well as a display terminal (18) located away from the lifting base (4); the lifting base (4) is equipped with a transmission mechanism, and its surface is equipped with lifting operation buttons (7); the transmission mechanism is connected to the support guide frame (2); the support guide frame (2) is provided with a horizontal frame of the upper fixed platform (1), the rain device support platform (13), and the lifting support platform (3) in sequence from top to bottom; a tension sensor (5) is installed at the center of the horizontal frame; a camera (6) is provided on the inner side of the support guide frame (2) between the rain device support platform (13) and the lifting support platform (3); the tension sensor (5) and the camera (6) The display terminal (18) is connected to the signal of the display terminal (18); the inner side of the support guide frame (2) is provided with a lifting slide (24); the end of the lifting bearing platform (3) passes through the support guide frame (2) and is placed in the lifting slide (24); the rain shower device platform (13) is provided with a rain shower device (12), a water inlet (14), and a water inlet adjustment knob (15); a water tank (11) is fixed on the lifting bearing platform (3) below the rain shower device (12); a water outlet (16) and a water outlet adjustment knob (17) are provided on one side of the bottom of the water tank (11); the tension sensor (5) is connected to the two ends of the connector with a hanging rope (8), the end of the hanging rope (8) is connected to the soil sample mesh plate (9) that fixes the soil sample (10), and the rain shower device platform (13) passes through the hanging rope (8); a soil sample positioning ring (25) is provided in the center of the soil sample mesh plate (9).

2. The multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism inside the lifting base (4) includes a base (23), a motor (19) placed on the base (23), and a pair of lifting screw guide columns (20); the output shaft of the motor (19) is held between the pair of lifting screw guide columns (20), and the end of the output shaft is connected to the base (23); a lifting slide (21) is provided on the top of the pair of lifting screw guide columns (20), and lifting rods (22) are provided at both ends of the lifting slide (21); the lifting rods (22) are embedded in the lifting slide groove (24) and connected to the lifting support platform (3).

3. The multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet (14) and outlet (16) are equipped with removable filters.

4. The multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tension sensor (5) is connected to the soil sample mesh (9) via the suspension rope (8). The tension sensor (5) and the center of the mesh are on the same vertical plane, and the center of the soil sample (10) coincides with the axis of the tension sensor (5).

5. The multi-condition integrated and automated lifting soil disintegration testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil sample positioning ring (25) is a circle with a diameter of 40 mm centered on the center of the soil sample mesh plate (9).

6. A test method using the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1: Sample preparation: Prepare soil samples of the required size (10); S2: No-load test: Water is added to the water tank (11) during the hydrostatic disintegration test, or no water is added to the water tank (11) during the rain erosion disintegration test; then the lifting platform (3) is controlled to rise until the soil sample mesh (9) is submerged to the required test depth, and the display terminal (18) automatically records the data from the tension sensor (5) at this time. F z ; S3: Disintegration Test S3-1: Dynamic water disintegration test: The lifting platform (3) is lowered, and the test soil sample (10) is placed on the soil sample mesh (9). The lifting platform (3) is raised to submerge the soil sample (10), and the display terminal (18) automatically records the data from the tension sensor (5) at this time. F 0. Then the camera (6) takes a picture to record the state of the soil sample (10); then the inlet (14) and outlet (16) are opened at the same time to ensure that the inlet and outlet water volumes are consistent and to form flowing water. S3-2: Static water disintegration test: The lifting platform (3) is lowered, and the test soil sample (10) is placed on the soil sample mesh (9). The lifting platform (3) is raised to submerge the soil sample (10), and the display terminal (18) automatically records the data from the tension sensor (5) at this time. F 0, then the camera (6) takes a picture to record the state of the soil sample (10); S3-3: Rain erosion disintegration test: The lifting platform (3) is lowered, and the test soil sample (10) is placed on the soil sample mesh (9). The display terminal (18) automatically records the data of the tension sensor (5) at this time. F 0, then the camera (6) takes a picture to record the state of the soil sample (10); then the inlet (14) and outlet (16) are opened at the same time to ensure that the inlet and outlet water volume is consistent, forming a rain wash. As the experiment progressed, the soil sample (10) gradually disintegrated or was eroded. Data was recorded every 1 minute during the disintegration process. F t The soil sample (10) disintegration state was recorded by taking photos. The disintegration recording interval was adjusted appropriately according to the disintegration rate of the sample. When the sample completely fell through the soil sample mesh (9), the disintegration was recorded. F t = F z When the sample does not disintegrate for an extended period, record the sample's condition in water and the test can be manually stopped. S4: Data Processing In the formula: A t —Disintegration rate of the sample at time t, in % F t —The reading of the tension sensor (5) at time t; F 0 — Data from the tension sensor (5) at the start of the test.

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