Corn straw smashing, vibrating and soil removing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn straw smashing, vibrating and soil removing device which comprises a machine shell, a picking mechanism, a smashing mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a vibrating and soil removing mechanism. The picking mechanism, the smashing mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the vibrating and soil removing mechanism are arranged in the machine shell. The picking mechanism comprises a hammer claw, a picking rotating shaft and a picking driving mechanism, the smashing mechanism comprises a smashing cutter, the smashing cutter is fixedly arranged on the inner cavity wall of the machine shell, the smashing cutter is located on the side, rotating from bottom to top, of the hammer claw, and a plurality of blade teeth are arranged on the smashing cutter; the conveying mechanism is arranged on the side, rotating from top to bottom, of the hammer claw, the conveying mechanism comprises a material bearing groove plate, a spiral conveying rod and a spiral conveying driving mechanism, and the spiral conveying rod is arranged above the material bearing groove plate; the vibration soil removing mechanism comprises a vibration screen and a vibration driving mechanism, the vibration screen forms a material bearing groove plate, and a discharging opening is formed in one end of the vibration screen. According to the straw smashing and impurity active separation device, straw smashing and impurity active separation are synchronously carried out, and soil, broken stone and other impurities in smashed straw are effectively removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to agricultural machinery, specifically to a corn stalk crushing and soil removal vibrating device. Background Technology

[0002] As a major global corn producer, my country generates a massive amount of corn stalks annually. As a high-quality biomass resource rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, corn stalks have significant potential for high-value utilization in areas such as silage, papermaking raw materials, organic fertilizer preparation, and biomass fuel, making them an important vehicle for promoting the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the development of green agriculture. However, current corn stalk collection equipment generally suffers from three core problems: high soil content, low operating efficiency, and high energy consumption. On the one hand, excessively high soil content not only severely reduces the quality of the stalk raw material (e.g., affecting feed palatability and biomass fuel combustion efficiency) but also exacerbates wear and tear on subsequent processing equipment. On the other hand, inefficient operation and high energy consumption directly increase the cost of stalk collection, hindering the process of large-scale utilization. Furthermore, soil loss along with the stalks may have hidden impacts on arable land quality.

[0003] Straw balers are the core equipment for achieving efficient and clean straw collection. The baling process, as the first step in the collection workflow, directly determines the subsequent processing results. Currently, mainstream straw balers can be divided into two structural types: spring-tooth and hammer-claw. While spring-tooth balers have been optimized through the introduction and imitation of foreign technology and perform stably in collecting flexible straw such as forage and rice / wheat, they are prone to high loss rates and low efficiency when dealing with the characteristics of corn stalks—large size, high rigidity, and scattered distribution in the field—making them unsuitable for large-scale operations in major corn-producing areas. Hammer-claw balers, relying on the negative pressure adsorption effect generated by high-speed rotating hammers, can efficiently grab scattered corn stalks, significantly improving baling efficiency. However, this structure carries a large amount of soil particles and straw into the device during operation, resulting in a soil content in the final straw bales generally exceeding 15% (and sometimes exceeding 20%), seriously affecting the quality requirements for high-value utilization scenarios such as straw feed and energy.

[0004] Addressing the core contradiction of "high-efficiency picking and high soil content" in hammer-claw picking devices, existing technologies lack targeted solutions. Traditional post-processing soil removal not only increases equipment complexity and energy consumption but also fails to fundamentally solve the problem of soil entrainment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-efficiency soil removal structure adapted to hammer-claw picking devices. By simultaneously achieving precise separation of straw and soil during the picking process, the soil content of straw can be reduced from the source, minimizing efficiency losses and energy costs associated with subsequent soil removal processes. Ultimately, this will achieve integrated operations of "high-efficiency picking-clean separation-low-consumption collection" of corn straw, providing equipment and technical support for the high-value utilization of corn straw. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a corn stalk crushing and vibration soil removal device. This corn stalk crushing and vibration soil removal device realizes the simultaneous crushing of stalks and active separation of impurities, effectively removes impurities such as mud and gravel from the crushed stalks, improves the purity of stalk raw materials, and meets the quality requirements of different resource utilization scenarios such as silage and biomass fuel.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device includes a casing and a picking mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a vibrating soil removal mechanism disposed inside the casing. The picking mechanism includes a hammer claw, a picking shaft, and a picking drive mechanism for driving the picking shaft to rotate. The hammer claw is provided in multiple forms and is disposed on the outer circular surface of the picking shaft. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing blade, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing. The crushing blade is located on the side where the hammer claw rotates from bottom to top. The crushing blade is provided with multiple blade teeth, and the arrangement direction of the multiple blade teeth is parallel to the axis of the picking shaft. The conveying mechanism is located on the side where the hammer claw rotates from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism includes a material receiving trough, a screw conveying rod, and a screw conveying drive mechanism. The screw conveying rod is located above the material receiving trough. The material receiving trough has a receiving opening for receiving crushed straw at the end facing the picking mechanism. The vibrating soil removal mechanism includes a vibrating screen and a vibration drive mechanism. The vibrating screen forms the material receiving trough plate. One end of the vibrating screen is provided with a discharge port, which is connected to a collection mechanism for collecting straw shreds.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hammer claw is fixedly connected to a fixed base, which is fixedly disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the pickup shaft.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hammer claws are arranged on the outer circumference of the picking shaft along two different spiral paths. Through the above-mentioned spiral arrangement, the picking rate of straw can be improved, making it easier to pick up straw.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hammer claw is provided with a plurality of claw teeth, which pass through the gap between two adjacent blade teeth of the crushing blade in the working state. This has the advantages of: first, preventing the claw teeth of the hammer claw from colliding with the blade teeth of the crushing blade, thus protecting the structure of each component; second, the claw teeth of the hammer claw and the blade teeth of the crushing blade move relative to each other in an alternating manner, forming a shearing action. At this time, the claw teeth of the hammer claw are equivalent to moving blades, pushing the straw towards the blades of the crushing blade (equivalent to fixed blades), thereby effectively cutting the straw and ensuring the crushing effect.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shredder is provided in multiple sets, which are evenly arranged along an arc-shaped path, the center of which coincides with the center of the pickup shaft. In this way, by having multiple sets of shredders cut the straw sequentially, the straw shredding rate can be further improved, avoiding the presence of unshredded straw such as straw tangling.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the end of the vibrating screen facing away from the picking mechanism is rotatably connected to the machine housing. The vibration drive mechanism includes a vibration drive component and a vibration transmission assembly. The vibration transmission assembly includes a vibration transmission shaft and a reciprocating transmission assembly. The vibration transmission shaft is formed by the spiral conveying rod. The reciprocating transmission assembly has two sets, each including an inner cam rotating component and a roller. The inner cam rotating component is coaxially fixed at the end of the spiral conveying rod. The side of the inner cam rotating component has an inner cam groove, which includes a proximal section and a distal section. The roller is rotatably connected to the vibration mounting block and is located in the inner cam groove. The vibration mounting block is fixedly connected to the vibrating screen. Through the above structure, the vibration drive component provides power to drive the spiral conveying rod (vibration transmission shaft) to rotate, causing the inner cam rotating component to rotate synchronously. At this time, the roller rolls relative to the inner cam groove, continuously cyclically moving between the proximal and distal sections, thereby causing the vibrating screen to swing up and down around its own rotation center. The overall effect is manifested as regular vibration (the vibration pattern is determined by the cam profile, which can be selected according to the actual situation), thereby effectively removing mud and sand impurities during the straw picking process.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the picking drive mechanism, the screw conveying drive mechanism, and the vibration drive mechanism share a common power source, which simplifies the structure and reduces production costs.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention solves the problems of traditional screens having a single aperture and being prone to clogging by combining a "bottom-mounted dense small-hole screen + vibration assistance" method, thereby improving the thoroughness of straw screening and the uniformity of crushed material, and ensuring the continuous operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0014] 2. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device of the present invention achieves precise separation of stalks and soil simultaneously during the picking process, reducing the soil content of stalks from the source, reducing efficiency loss and energy consumption costs caused by subsequent soil removal processes, and ultimately realizing the integrated operation of "efficient picking-clean separation-low consumption collection" of corn stalks, providing equipment and technical support for the high-value utilization of corn stalks. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figures 1-2These are three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device of the present invention from two different perspectives.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a side view of the housing, picking mechanism, and crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a partial top view of the picking mechanism and crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the conveying mechanism and the vibratory soil removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of X in the image.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveying mechanism and vibratory soil removal mechanism of the present invention at the discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0023] Combination Figures 1-2 The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device of this embodiment includes a housing 1 and a picking mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, and a vibrating soil removal mechanism disposed inside the housing 1. The picking mechanism includes hammer claws 2, a picking shaft 3, and a picking drive mechanism for driving the picking shaft 3 to rotate. Multiple hammer claws 2 are provided and disposed on the outer circular surface of the picking shaft 3. The hammer claws 2 are disposed on the outer circular surface of the picking shaft 3 along two different spiral paths. Through the above spiral arrangement, the picking rate of straw can be improved, making it easier to pick up straw.

[0024] Furthermore, the hammer claw 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 5, which is fixedly mounted on the outer circular surface of the pickup shaft 3.

[0025] Combination Figures 2-5 The crushing mechanism includes a crushing blade 4, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 1. The crushing blade 4 is located on the side where the hammer claw 2 rotates from bottom to top. The crushing blade 4 is provided with multiple blade teeth 401, and the arrangement direction of the multiple blade teeth 401 is parallel to the axis of the picking shaft 3. Combination Figures 2-5The hammer claw 2 is equipped with multiple claw teeth 201, which pass through the gap between two adjacent blade teeth 401 of the crushing blade 4 during operation. This has two advantages: first, it prevents the claw teeth 201 of the hammer claw 2 from colliding with the blade teeth 401 of the crushing blade 4, protecting the structure of each component; second, the claw teeth 201 of the hammer claw 2 and the blade teeth 401 of the crushing blade 4 move relative to each other in an alternating manner, forming a shearing action. At this time, the claw teeth 201 of the hammer claw 2 are equivalent to moving blades, pushing the straw towards the blades of the crushing blade 4 (equivalent to fixed blades), thereby effectively cutting the straw and ensuring the crushing effect.

[0026] Combination Figures 2-5 The shredder 4 is provided in multiple sets, which are evenly arranged along an arc-shaped path, the center of which coincides with the center of the picking-up rotating shaft 3. In this way, by having multiple sets of shredder 4 cut the straw in sequence, the shredding rate of the straw can be further improved, and the phenomenon of unshredded straw such as straw tangling can be avoided.

[0027] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 5 The conveying mechanism is located on the side where the hammer claw 2 rotates from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism includes a material receiving trough, a spiral conveying rod 6 and a spiral conveying drive mechanism. The spiral conveying rod 6 is located above the material receiving trough. The material receiving trough has a receiving opening for receiving crushed straw at the end facing the picking mechanism.

[0028] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 6 The vibrating soil removal mechanism includes a vibrating screen 7 and a vibration drive mechanism. The vibrating screen 7 forms the material receiving trough. One end of the vibrating screen 7 is provided with a discharge port 701, which is connected to a centrifugal collection mechanism 11 for collecting straw shreds.

[0029] Combination Figures 6-8The top of the vibrating screen 7, facing away from the picking mechanism, is rotatably connected to the housing 1. The vibration drive mechanism includes a vibration drive component and a vibration transmission assembly. The vibration transmission assembly includes a vibration transmission shaft and a reciprocating transmission assembly. The vibration transmission shaft is formed by the spiral conveying rod 6. The reciprocating transmission assembly has two sets, each including an inner cam rotating component 8 and a roller 9. The inner cam rotating component 8 is coaxially fixedly disposed at the end of the spiral conveying rod 6. The side of the inner cam rotating component 8 is provided with an inner cam groove 801, which includes a proximal section and a distal section. The roller 9 is rotatably connected to the vibration mounting block 10 and is located in the inner cam groove 801. The vibration mounting block 10 is fixedly connected to the vibrating screen 7. Through the above structure, the vibrating drive component drives the spiral conveyor rod 6 (vibrating transmission shaft) to rotate, so that the inner cam rotating component 8 rotates synchronously. At this time, the roller 9 rolls relative to the inner cam groove 801, continuously moving in a cycle between the proximal and distal sections, thereby causing the vibrating screen 7 to swing up and down around its own rotation center. The overall effect is manifested as regular vibration (the vibration pattern is determined by the cam profile, and the type can be selected according to the actual situation), thereby effectively removing mud and sand impurities during the straw picking process.

[0030] Specifically, the pickup drive mechanism, the screw conveyor drive mechanism, and the vibration drive mechanism share a common power source, which simplifies the structure and reduces production costs.

[0031] Combination Figures 1-6 The working principle of the above-mentioned corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device is as follows: During operation, the picking drive mechanism drives the picking shaft 3 to rotate at high speed. The picking shaft 3, along with multiple hammer claws 2, rotates to pick up the straw from the ground and push it towards the crushing blade 4. The multiple blades 401 of the crushing blade 4 cut the straw into multiple straw fragments, thus achieving crushing. Then, the hammer claws 2 continue to rotate downwards, throwing the crushed straw fragments backwards into the material receiving trough. The screw conveyor 6 drives the straw fragments to move towards the discharge port 701. Finally, the straw fragments enter the collection mechanism 11, where they are collected and stored uniformly by the collection mechanism (fan suction mechanism). At the same time, the vibration drive mechanism drives the vibrating screen 7 to vibrate at high frequency, thereby separating impurities such as soil and sand, thus achieving soil removal. Through the above operations, the functional barriers between "fine screening" and "efficient baling" are broken down, enabling continuous multi-process operations, reducing straw transportation links, lowering processing costs and the risk of secondary pollution, adapting to the operational needs of large-scale planting in major corn-producing areas, and providing efficient equipment solutions for green agricultural development and straw resource utilization.

[0032] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn stalk crushing and soil removal vibratory device, characterized in that, Includes the casing and the picking mechanism, crushing mechanism, conveying mechanism, and vibrating soil removal mechanism installed inside the casing; The picking mechanism includes a hammer claw, a picking shaft, and a picking drive mechanism for driving the picking shaft to rotate. The hammer claw is provided in multiple forms and is disposed on the outer circular surface of the picking shaft. The crushing mechanism includes a crushing blade, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing. The crushing blade is located on the side where the hammer claw rotates from bottom to top. The crushing blade is provided with multiple blade teeth, and the arrangement direction of the multiple blade teeth is parallel to the axis of the picking shaft. The conveying mechanism is located on the side where the hammer claw rotates from top to bottom. The conveying mechanism includes a material receiving trough, a screw conveying rod, and a screw conveying drive mechanism. The screw conveying rod is located above the material receiving trough. The material receiving trough has a receiving opening for receiving crushed straw at the end facing the picking mechanism. The vibrating soil removal mechanism includes a vibrating screen and a vibration drive mechanism. The vibrating screen forms the material receiving trough plate. One end of the vibrating screen is provided with a discharge port, which is connected to a collection mechanism for collecting straw shreds.

2. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammer claw is fixedly connected to a fixed base, which is fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of the pickup shaft.

3. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammer claws are positioned on the outer circumference of the pickup shaft along two different spiral paths.

4. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammer claw is provided with multiple claw teeth, which pass through the gap between two adjacent blade teeth of the crusher in the working state.

5. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shredder is provided in multiple sets, which are evenly arranged along an arc-shaped path, with the center of the arc coinciding with the center of the pickup shaft.

6. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the end of the vibrating screen facing away from the picking mechanism is rotatably connected to the machine housing. The vibration drive mechanism includes a vibration drive component and a vibration transmission assembly. The vibration transmission assembly includes a vibration transmission shaft and a reciprocating transmission assembly. The vibration transmission shaft is formed by the spiral conveying rod. The reciprocating transmission assembly has two sets, each including an inner cam rotating component and a roller. The inner cam rotating component is coaxially fixedly disposed at the end of the spiral conveying rod. The side of the inner cam rotating component is provided with an inner cam groove, which includes a proximal section and a distal section. The roller is rotatably connected to the vibration mounting block and is located in the inner cam groove. The vibration mounting block is fixedly connected to the vibrating screen.

7. The corn stalk crushing and vibrating soil removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pickup drive mechanism, the screw conveyor drive mechanism, and the vibration drive mechanism share a common power source.

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