Mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment and edible mushroom cultivation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment and an edible mushroom cultivation method.The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment comprises a base, a mounting frame and a chain are arranged on the base, and a planting bin is connected to the chain; the driving part comprises a sliding frame, supports are fixedly connected to the left side and the right side of the upper end of the sliding frame, an irrigation pipe is connected to the left support, and a drainage pipe is connected to the right support; the circulation part comprises a water conveying pipe, the water conveying pipe is communicated with the irrigation pipe, and the drainage pipe is communicated with a sewer pipe; the irrigation part comprises a water inlet, and a sealing plug a is arranged in the water inlet; and the water drainage part comprises a water drainage opening, the water drainage opening faces the water drainage pipe, and a sealing plug c is arranged in the water drainage opening. According to the device, the planting bins can be driven to circularly roll according to requirements, so that each group of planting bins can be moved to the bottommost part of the device, planting and picking operation is facilitated, the device can be switched into three states of irrigation, displacement and drainage according to requirements, and operation is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device and a method for cultivating edible fungi. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important agricultural economic crop, edible fungi have a broad market prospect worldwide. With the growth of population and the improvement of health awareness, the market demand for edible fungi continues to increase, and the traditional ground cultivation mode has been unable to meet the demand of modern production. Three-dimensional cultivation technology has been widely used because it can greatly increase the yield per unit area, but there are still some problems in practical application.

[0003] Firstly, most of the existing three-dimensional cultivation devices adopt a fixed layer frame structure, and the height of each layer of cultivation boxes cannot be adjusted. During planting and harvesting, workers need to operate on cultivation boxes of different heights. When the position of the upper cultivation box is too high, a ladder or other tools need to be used, which not only increases the labor intensity, but also has safety hazards. In addition, due to the gradient difference of environmental parameters (light, temperature, humidity) in each layer, the cultivation boxes of fixed height cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the growth stage of the mushrooms.

[0004] Secondly, water is a key factor affecting the yield and quality of mushrooms. The existing irrigation system cannot guarantee uniform water supply to each cultivation box. In areas with insufficient watering, the growth of mycelium is hindered, and in areas with excessive watering, diseases are easily caused. In addition, during the growth of mushrooms, the humidity needs to be maintained, and if the excess water produced during irrigation cannot be discharged in time, it will form water accumulation at the bottom of the cultivation box, causing the culture medium to be too wet and causing anaerobic fermentation, and also increasing the incidence of root rot disease of mushrooms. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device and a method for cultivating edible fungi, which can drive the planting bin to circulate and roll according to the needs, so that each group of planting bins can be moved to the lowermost part of the device, facilitating planting and picking operations, and can also switch the device to three states of irrigation, displacement and drainage according to the needs, facilitating operation.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows: A mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device, comprising: a base, the upper end of the base is fixedly connected with a mounting frame, the inner cavity of the mounting frame is provided with a chain, and the chain is fixedly connected with a planting bin; a driving part, the driving part comprises a sliding frame, the sliding frame is slidingly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base, and the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both fixedly connected with a support, the left support is connected with an irrigation pipe, and the right support is connected with a drainage pipe; The flow-through part comprises a water delivery pipe, which is communicated with the irrigation pipe, and a drain pipe, which is communicated with a sewer pipe; The irrigation part comprises a water inlet, which is arranged on the left side of the planting bin and faces the irrigation pipe, and a sealing plug a is arranged in the water inlet. The drainage part comprises a drainage port, which is arranged on the right side of the planting bin and faces the drain pipe, and a sealing plug c is arranged in the drainage port. The driving part is switched to three states through position adjustment, the first state: the sliding frame moves to the right end point, and the irrigation pipe is connected with the water inlet; the second state: the sliding frame moves to the middle position, and the planting bin is not connected with the irrigation pipe or the drain pipe, and the chain can drive the planting bin to slide along the mounting frame; the third state: the sliding frame moves to the left end point, and the drain pipe is connected with the drainage port.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the base is fixedly connected with two groups of mounting frames, which are distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base, and the inner cavities of the two groups of mounting frames are both placed with chains, the upper ends of the sides away from each other of the two groups of mounting frames are both fixedly installed with driving machines, the output ends of the driving machines are both extended into the corresponding mounting frames and fixedly connected with sprockets, and the outer circles of the sprockets are engaged in the inner circles of the upper ends of the chains.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the adjacent sides of the two groups of chains are both fixedly connected with collars, the left and right ends of the planting bin are respectively rotationally connected in the inner cavities of the two groups of collars, the inner cavities of the upper ends of the planting bin are fixedly connected with air permeable bins, and the lower ends of the planting bin are fixedly connected with counterweights.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the driving part further comprises two groups of sliding grooves, the inner cavities of the two groups of sliding grooves are both fixedly installed with sliding frames, the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both slidably arranged in the inner cavities of the two groups of sliding grooves, the inner cavity of the lower end of the base is fixedly installed with an electric telescopic rod, the output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower end of the sliding frame, the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both penetrated through the sliding grooves, the upper ends of the parts extended out of the sliding grooves are both fixedly connected with supports, a plurality of irrigation pipes are fixedly connected with the right side of the left support, and a plurality of drain pipes are fixedly connected with the left side of the right support.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the flow-through part further comprises a sewage tank, the sewage tank is fixedly connected with the front side of the inner cavity of the base, the rear side of the inner cavity of the base is fixedly installed with an irrigation tank, the left side of the inner cavity of the base is fixedly connected with a water pump, the inlet of the water pump is communicated with the outlet of the irrigation tank, the outlet of the water pump is penetrated through the base and communicated with a four-way pipe, the four-way pipe is fixedly connected with the upper left side of the base, three groups of outlets of the four-way pipe are all communicated with water delivery pipes, the three groups of water delivery pipes are all extended into the inner cavities of the left supports and communicated with the irrigation pipes, the lower end of the right support is communicated with a sewer pipe, and the lower end of the sewer pipe is penetrated through the base and communicated with the inlet of the sewage tank.

[0011] In a preferred scheme, the water inlet is opened at the lower end of the left side of the planting bin, and the inner cavity of the planting bin is provided with a sealing plug a at the position of the outlet of the water inlet. The irrigation part further comprises a guide plate, which is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug a extending into the inner cavity of the water inlet, and is slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet. The upper and lower ends of the guide plate are both fixedly connected to springs a near the end of the planting bin. The other ends of the springs a are fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the planting bin.

[0012] In a preferred scheme, grooves are opened at the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe, and the grooves are movably inserted into the middle part of the guide plate. The irrigation part further comprises a guide pipe, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity at the outlet of the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug b is arranged on the side of the guide pipe away from the planting bin, and is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe. A push rod is fixedly connected to the middle part of the side of the sealing plug b near the guide pipe, and is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide pipe. The push rod penetrates through the guide pipe and is contactingly connected to the middle part of the guide plate. A spring b is fixedly connected to the middle outer ring of the part of the push rod in the inner cavity of the guide pipe, and the other end of the spring b is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the guide pipe.

[0013] In a preferred scheme, a groove is opened at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin, and a drainage port is opened at one end of the groove facing the outside of the planting bin. The drainage part further comprises a filter screen, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin and covers the groove. A sealing plug c is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin, and is contactingly connected to the inner ring of the drainage port on the side near the drainage port. A spring c is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug c in the inner cavity of the planting bin, and the other end of the spring c is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting bin.

[0014] In a preferred scheme, the drainage part further comprises a top rod, which is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the drainage pipe, and the outer end of the top rod extends out of the drainage pipe and is close to the sealing plug c.

[0015] An edible mushroom cultivation method of a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device, which is suitable for the mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device described in any one of the preceding items, comprises the following steps: S1: planting. In use, the sliding frame is driven to move to the middle position, and the switching device is in the second state. At this time, the chain can drive the planting bin to slide along the mounting frame. At this time, the lowermost planting bin is filled with nutrient and planting base, and after filling, the planting bin is controlled to slide in the mounting frame to adjust the next group of planting bins to the lowermost end until the planting operation is completed. S2: irrigation, when irrigation is needed, first move the planting bin to the designated position, align the water inlet with the irrigation pipe, then move the sliding frame to the right end point, connect the irrigation pipe with the water inlet, and push the sealing plug a to open, at this time the irrigation liquid in the water pipe enters the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin through the irrigation pipe, and full irrigation is carried out by using the soaking irrigation method; S3: drainage, after irrigation is completed, move the sliding frame to the left end point to connect the drain pipe with the drain port, at this time the irrigation pipe has been disconnected from the water inlet, and the sealing plug a is also automatically closed, then the accumulated water in the planting bin is discharged from the drain pipe through the drain pipe, avoiding excessive accumulation of water and long-term soaking irrigation, which can cause the roots of the mushrooms to rot and affect planting; S4: picking, after irrigation and drainage operations are completed, switch the device to the second mode, and wait for the mushrooms to grow, after the mushrooms are mature, the mushrooms can be picked from the lowermost planting bin, and the subsequent planting bins are moved to the lowermost position in turn by driving the planting bins through the chain, facilitating the picking work of the staff.

[0016] The technical effects achieved by the present application are as follows: The mounting frame and the planting bin can drive the planting bin to roll in a cycle according to the needs, so that each group of planting bins can be moved to the lowermost position of the device, facilitating planting and picking operations; when in use, the rolling of the chain drives the planting bin to move in a cycle along the inner cavity of the mounting frame, so that the planting bins on the upper side can be moved to the lower side, and the planting bins on the lower side can be moved to the upper side, facilitating picking and planting operations; The driving part and the flow part can switch the device to three states of irrigation, displacement and drainage according to the needs, facilitating operation; when irrigation of the mushrooms is needed, the sliding frame is driven to move to the right end, at this time the left support drives the irrigation pipe to move and insert into the water inlet for irrigation operation, when the planting bin needs to be moved, the sliding frame is driven to move to the middle, at this time the irrigation pipe and the drain pipe cannot be connected with the planting bin, avoiding affecting the displacement of the planting bin, when the accumulated water in the planting bin needs to be discharged, the sliding frame is moved to the left end, so that the right support drives the drain pipe to move and insert into the drain port for drainage operation; The irrigation part and the drainage part can ensure the sealing property of the planting bin, only when completely connected can the planting bin be connected with the irrigation pipe and the drain pipe, avoiding water leakage of the planting bin and affecting the irrigation effect; in the normal state, the sealing plug a and the sealing plug c are tightly attached to the inner wall of the planting bin by the elastic member and the water pressure in the planting bin, avoiding leakage of the irrigation liquid, when irrigation or discharge of the accumulated water is needed, the sealing plug a or the sealing plug c is pushed to move when the irrigation pipe and the drain pipe are connected with the water inlet and the drain port, so as to open the water inlet and the drain port, thereby realizing automatic connection when connected and automatic sealing when disconnected, reducing the operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the overall structure in the present application; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the mounting rack in the present application; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the mounting rack in the present application; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the position of the chain wheel in the present application; Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the planting bin in the present application; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the position of the driving part in the present application; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the driving part in the present application; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the flow-through part in the present application; Figure 9 is the effect diagram of the first state in the present application; Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the irrigation part in the present application; Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the irrigation part in the present application; Figure 12 is the split effect diagram of the water inlet and the irrigation pipe in the present application; Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the drainage part in the present application.

[0018] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows: 10, base; 11, mounting rack; 12, chain; 13, driving machine; 14, chain wheel; 15, collar; 16, planting bin; 17, air permeable bin; 18, counterweight; 20, driving part; 21, sliding groove; 22, sliding rack; 23, electric telescopic rod; 24, support; 25, irrigation pipe; 26, drainage pipe; 30, flow-through part; 31, sewage tank; 32, irrigation tank; 33, water pump; 34, four-way pipe; 35, water delivery pipe; 36, sewer pipe; 40, irrigation part; 41, water inlet; 42, sealing plug a; 43, guide plate; 44, spring a; 45, guide pipe; 46, sealing plug b; 47, push rod; 48, spring b; 50, drainage part; 51, drainage port; 52, filter screen; 53, sealing plug c; 54, spring c; 55, jacking rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0020] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be appreciated that the present application can be practiced in a variety of ways beyond the specific details set forth herein, having regard to the content of the detailed description and drawings. Moreover, in this detailed description, references will be made to the drawings wherein like reference numerals identify like components in which numerals are often repeated.

[0021] Second, the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" appearing in the specification denotes specific features, structures, or characteristics that can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. The "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is separate from or mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0022] Third, the present application is described in detail in conjunction with the schematic drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional view showing the structure of the device is partially enlarged without regard to the general proportion, and the schematic drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included in actual production.

[0023] Embodiment 1 Please refer to the accompanying Figures 1 to 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 The first embodiment of the present application is shown in the drawings, which provides a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment, comprising: The base 10 is fixedly connected with the mounting frame 11 at the upper end, the inner cavity of the mounting frame 11 is provided with the chain 12, and the chain 12 is fixedly connected with the planting bin 16; The driving part 20 comprises a sliding frame 22, which is slidingly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base 10, and the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22 are fixedly connected with the brackets 24, the left bracket 24 is connected with the irrigation pipe 25, and the right bracket 24 is connected with the drain pipe 26; The flow part 30 comprises a water supply pipe 35, which is communicated with the irrigation pipe 25, and the drain pipe 26 is communicated with the sewer pipe 36; The irrigation part 40 comprises a water inlet 41, which is arranged on the left side of the planting bin 16, and the water inlet 41 faces the irrigation pipe 25, and the water inlet 41 is provided with a sealing plug a 42; The drainage part 50 comprises a drainage port 51, which is arranged on the right side of the planting bin 16, and the drainage port 51 faces the drain pipe 26, and the drainage port 51 is provided with a sealing plug c 53; The driving part 20 switches the device to three states through position adjustment. The first state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the right end point, and the irrigation pipe 25 is connected with the water inlet 41; the second state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the middle position, and the planting bin 16 is not connected with the irrigation pipe 25 or the drainage pipe 26, at this time, the chain 12 can drive the planting bin 16 to slide along the mounting frame 11; the third state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the left end point, and the drainage pipe 26 is connected with the water outlet 51.

[0024] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the irrigation pipe 25 and the drainage pipe 26 can be smoothly connected with the planting bin 16, a high-precision position sensor should be installed on the side of the planting bin 16, so that after the planting bin 16 moves to the specified position, the water inlet 41 and the water outlet 51 can be aligned with the irrigation pipe 25 and the drainage pipe 26, so as to facilitate subsequent irrigation and drainage operations.

[0025] In this embodiment, the holding device is in the second state when in use, then the chain 12 rolls to drive the planting bin 16 to roll circularly, so that the planting bin 16 which has not been planted moves to the lower side of the device successively, and the staff can plant conveniently. After the planting operation is completed, when irrigation is needed, the planting bin 16 is first moved to the specified position and aligned with the irrigation pipe 25 and the drainage pipe 26, and the driving part 20 drives the sliding frame 22 to move to the right end point. At this time, the bracket 24 on the left side drives the irrigation pipe 25 to insert into the water inlet 41, and at the same time, the irrigation pipe 25 pushes the sealing plug a 42 open, and the water supply pipe 35 supplies irrigation liquid into the irrigation pipe 25, and the irrigation liquid enters the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 through the irrigation pipe 25 to perform immersion irrigation, so as to ensure the irrigation effect. After the irrigation is completed, the sliding frame 22 is controlled to move to the left end, so that the irrigation pipe 25 is separated from the planting bin 16, and the bracket 24 on the right side moves, so that the drainage pipe 26 is connected with the water outlet 51 and the sealing plug c 53 is pushed open, and the drainage operation is performed, so that the accumulated water in the planting bin 16 is drained in time, and the mushroom root system is prevented from rotting due to long-term immersion.

[0026] Secondly, referring again to Figures 1 to 5 , the upper end of the base 10 is fixedly connected with two groups of mounting frames 11 which are distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base 10, and the inner cavities of the two groups of mounting frames 11 are both placed with the chain 12, and the upper ends of the two groups of mounting frames 11 which are away from each other are both fixedly installed with the driving machine 13, the output ends of the driving machine 13 are both extended into the corresponding mounting frame 11 and fixedly connected with the chain wheel 14, and the outer circle of the chain wheel 14 is engaged with the inner circle of the upper end of the chain 12. The adjacent sides of the two groups of chain 12 are both fixedly connected with the sleeve ring 15, and the left and right ends of the planting bin 16 are respectively rotatably connected in the inner cavities of the two groups of sleeve ring 15 through the ball bearing, the inner cavity of the upper end of the planting bin 16 is fixedly connected with the air permeable bin 17, and the lower end of the planting bin 16 is fixedly connected with the counterweight 18.

[0027] It should be noted that the inner cavity of the two groups of mounting racks 11 is provided with another group of sprockets 14, and the outer ring of the other group of sprockets 14 is engaged in the inner ring of the lower end of the chain 12; The two groups of mounting racks 11 are close to each other on one side, and a plurality of sleeves 15 are slidingly connected in the track, and the sleeve 15 is a T-shaped ring, and a groove is formed in the track to prevent the sleeve 15 from falling off and affecting the normal use of the device; The inner cavity of each group of mounting racks 11 is provided with six groups of sleeves 15, and a group of planting bins 16 is rotatably connected in the six groups of sleeves 15, which are distributed above and below; The mounting rack 11 is inclined to ensure that the planting bin 16 at different heights can receive relatively uniform light; The lower end of the air-permeable bin 17 is provided with a plurality of air-permeable holes, and the air-permeable bin 17 is used for planting mushrooms, and the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 is used for storing irrigation liquid; The center of gravity of the counterweight 18 is located at the lower end of the planting bin 16, which is designed to use the counterweight 18 to keep the planting bin 16 always vertical downward, so as to avoid the center of gravity shifting after planting fungi, causing the planting bin 16 to tilt, affecting the subsequent irrigation and drainage operation; Preferably, in order to ensure the normal use of the device, the two groups of driving machines 13 should be connected in series during use, so that the two groups of driving machines 13 can be driven and stopped at the same time, or the two groups of sprockets 14 can be connected together by using a transmission device (such as a structure similar to an axle), so as to ensure that the two groups of sprockets 14 can move and stop at the same time, avoiding the height difference between the two sleeves 15, affecting the subsequent use.

[0028] In this embodiment, when in use, the driving machine 13 drives the sprocket 14 to rotate, causing the chain 12 to roll in the mounting rack 11. When the chain 12 rolls, it drives the sleeve 15 to move, and because the planting bin 16 is rotatably connected in the sleeve 15, and the counterweight 18 keeps the planting bin 16 always vertical downward, the planting bin 16 will not tilt during movement, ensuring the normal growth of the mushrooms in the planting bin 16. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the planting bin 16 for planting, irrigation or drainage operation, the operation of the driving machine 13 is controlled to make the chain 12 drive the planting bin 16 at the corresponding position to move to the designated position below the device, so as to perform subsequent operations. At the same time, the plurality of air-permeable holes at the lower end of the air-permeable bin 17 can ensure sufficient oxygen supply during the growth of the mushrooms, which is conducive to the healthy growth of the mushrooms, and the irrigation liquid stored in the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 can provide the necessary moisture for the mushrooms during irrigation.

[0029] Secondly, please refer to Figure 6 , Figures 7 to 9The driving portion 20 further comprises two groups of sliding grooves 21, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base 10. The inner cavities of the two groups of sliding grooves 21 are both slidably connected with sliding frames 22. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22 are both slidably arranged in the inner cavities of the two groups of sliding grooves 21. The inner cavity of the lower end of the base 10 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 23. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sliding frame 22. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22 are both penetrated through the sliding grooves 21. The upper end of the part, which is protruded from the sliding groove 21, is fixedly connected with a support 24. The right side of the left support 24 is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of irrigation pipes 25. The left side of the right support 24 is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of drainage pipes 26.

[0030] It should be noted that the parts of the sliding frame 22, which are located on the upper and lower sides of the sliding groove 21, are both provided with limiting plates, the width of which is greater than that of the sliding groove 21. The purpose is to limit the moving range of the sliding frame 22, so as to avoid the deviation or disengagement of the sliding frame 22 from the sliding groove 21, which will affect the normal use of the device. A plurality of groups of three-way pipes are fixedly connected with the left support 24. The two groups of outlets of the three-way pipes are both communicated with the irrigation pipes 25. A plurality of groups of Y-shaped pipelines are fixedly connected with the right support 24. The plurality of groups of Y-shaped pipelines are mutually communicated and are distributed in an up-down manner. Two groups of drainage pipes 26 are communicated with each group of Y-shaped pipelines. The purpose is that the plurality of groups of drainage pipes 26 can simultaneously discharge the accumulated water through one outlet. The three-way pipes can supply water to the two groups of irrigation pipes 25 through the external water supply pipe 35 to perform the irrigation work. The mounting frames 11 on the left and right sides are both provided with through grooves. The plurality of groups of drainage pipes 26 and irrigation pipes 25 are respectively slidably connected in the corresponding through grooves. The purpose is to ensure the stability of the sliding of the drainage pipes 26 and the irrigation pipes 25, so as to facilitate the alignment with the water inlet 41 and the drainage port 51. Preferably, in order to avoid the backflow of the liquid in the planting bin 16 into the irrigation pipe 25, a one-way valve can be additionally arranged in the irrigation pipe 25. Thus, the irrigation liquid can only enter the planting bin 16 and cannot backflow into the irrigation pipe 25.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the state is switched, the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to move left and right in the sliding groove 21, so as to drive the left and right supports 24 and the irrigation pipes 25 and the drainage pipes 26 connected with the supports 24 to move synchronously. When irrigation is needed, the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to move right to the endpoint position. At this time, the irrigation pipes 25 on the left support 24 are inserted into the water inlet 41 on the left side of the planting bin 16. When drainage is needed, the electric telescopic rod 23 drives the sliding frame 22 to move left to the endpoint position, so that the drainage pipes 26 on the right support 24 are connected with the drainage port 51 on the right side of the planting bin 16.

[0032] Secondly, please refer to Figures 6 to 8The circulating part 30 further comprises a sewage tank 31 fixedly connected to the front side of the inner cavity of the base 10, a watering tank 32 fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the base 10, a water pump 33 fixedly connected to the left side of the inner cavity of the base 10, the inlet of the water pump 33 in communication with the outlet of the watering tank 32, and a four-way pipe 34 penetrating through the base 10 at the outlet of the water pump 33, the four-way pipe 34 being fixedly connected to the left side of the upper end of the base 10, and three groups of water delivery pipes 35 in communication with the three groups of outlets of the four-way pipe 34, the three groups of water delivery pipes 35 extending into the inner cavity of the left support 24 and being in communication with the watering pipes 25, and a drain pipe 36 in communication with the lower end of the right support 24, the lower end of the drain pipe 36 penetrating through the base 10 and being in communication with the inlet of the sewage tank 31.

[0033] It should be noted that the water delivery pipe 35 and the drain pipe 36 are both flexible pipes to avoid affecting the movement of the sliding frame 22 and the support 24. The three-way pipe at the outlet of the water delivery pipe 35 is in communication with the watering pipe 25 to provide watering liquid in the watering pipe 25. The upper end of the watering tank 32 is provided with an inlet to facilitate the addition of watering liquid, and the left side of the sewage tank 31 is provided with an outlet to facilitate the drainage of water accumulated in the planting bin 16.

[0034] In this embodiment, when watering is performed, the watering liquid in the watering tank 32 is pumped out by the water pump 33, is distributed to the three groups of water delivery pipes 35 through the four-way pipe 34, is delivered to the watering pipes 25 through the water delivery pipes 35, and is injected into the planting bin 16 to achieve immersion watering. When the water accumulated in the planting bin 16 needs to be drained, the water is flowed into the drain pipe 26 through the drain port 51, is flowed to the drain pipe 36 through the drain pipe 26, and is finally drained into the sewage tank 31 through the drain pipe 36 to complete the drainage process.

[0035] Please refer again to Figures 10 to 12 The water inlet 41 is provided at the lower end of the left side of the planting bin 16, the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 is provided with a sealing plug a42 at the position of the outlet of the water inlet 41, the watering part 40 further comprises a guide plate 43 fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug a42 extending into the inner cavity of the water inlet 41, the guide plate 43 being slidingly connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet 41, the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 43 being fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the planting bin 16, and the other ends of the springs a44 being fixedly connected to the inner cavity wall of the planting bin 16. The upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe 25 are provided with grooves, and the grooves are movably inserted in the middle of the guide plate 43. The irrigation part 40 further comprises a guide pipe 45, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outlet of the irrigation pipe 25. The side of the guide pipe 45 away from the planting bin 16 is provided with a sealing plug b 46, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe 25. The middle of the side of the sealing plug b 46 close to the guide pipe 45 is fixedly connected with a push rod 47, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45. The push rod 47 penetrates through the guide pipe 45 and is contactingly connected to the middle of the guide plate 43. The middle of the outer ring of the part of the push rod 47 in the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45 is fixedly connected with a spring b 48, and the other end of the spring b 48 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45.

[0036] It should be noted that the sealing plug a 42 and the sealing plug b 46 are both half-cone structures with isosceles trapezoidal cross sections, and the outer rings of both are provided with sealing pads, which are designed to ensure the sealing of the irrigation pipe 25 and the planting bin 16; The inner cavity of the irrigation pipe 25 is provided with an annular partition, and the sealing plug b 46 is contactingly connected to the inner ring of the annular partition, which is designed to make the irrigation pipe 25 only be able to transport water when it is completely connected with the water inlet 41, and unable to discharge irrigation liquid from the irrigation pipe 25 in the normal state; When connecting the irrigation pipe 25 with the water inlet 41, the irrigation pipe 25 is first inserted into the water inlet 41 and is inserted on the outside of the guide plate 43. Then, the irrigation pipe 25 is continuously inserted into the water inlet 41, so that the irrigation pipe 25 pushes the guide plate 43 to move towards the planting bin 16, gradually pushes away the sealing plug a 42, and at the same time, the push rod 47 also contacts the guide plate 43. During the process of inserting the irrigation pipe 25 into the water inlet 41, the push rod 47 and the guide plate 43 generate a reaction force, which pushes the push rod 47 and the sealing plug b 46 to move away from the planting bin 16, opens the irrigation pipe 25 and the water inlet 41, and transports the irrigation liquid to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16.

[0037] In this embodiment, when performing irrigation work, the irrigation pipe 25 is inserted into the water inlet 41. The irrigation pipe 25 first contacts the guide plate 43 and continuously inserts, pushes the guide plate 43 to move towards the inner cavity of the planting bin 16, thereby pushing away the sealing plug a 42 and making the water inlet 41 communicate with the inner cavity of the planting bin 16. At the same time, after the push rod 47 contacts the guide plate 43, it drives the sealing plug b 46 to move away from the planting bin 16 under the pushing of the reaction force, and the sealing plug b 46 is separated from the annular partition. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the irrigation pipe 25 flows into the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 through the water inlet 41 to perform immersion irrigation. When the irrigation work is completed, the irrigation pipe 25 is pulled out of the water inlet 41. The spring a 44 and the spring b 48 push the sealing plug a 42 and the sealing plug b 46 back to the original position respectively, reseal the water inlet 41 and the irrigation pipe 25, and prevent the irrigation liquid from leaking or external impurities from entering.

[0038] Please refer again to Figure 13 The inner cavity of the planting bin 16 is provided with a groove at the lower end, the drainage port 51 is arranged at one end of the groove facing the outside of the planting bin 16, the drainage part 50 further comprises a filter screen 52, the filter screen 52 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 and covers the upper part of the groove, a sealing plug c53 is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16, one side of the sealing plug c53 close to the drainage port 51 is in contact with the inner ring of the drainage port 51, and the other end of the sealing plug c53 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the planting bin 16; The drainage part 50 further comprises a top rod 55, the top rod 55 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the drainage pipe 26, and the outer end of the top rod 55 extends out of the drainage pipe 26 and is close to the sealing plug c53.

[0039] It should be noted that the sealing plug c53 is also a semi-conical structure, and the surface is also provided with a sealing layer to improve the sealing effect of the planting bin 16, and the sealing plug c53 and the sealing plug a42 are both arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16, in the normal state, when there is accumulated water in the planting bin 16, the water pressure can be used to assist the sealing plug c53 and the sealing plug a42 to tightly adhere to the planting bin 16, further improving the sealing effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, when performing the drainage operation, when the drainage pipe 26 is inserted into the drainage port 51, the top rod 55 will first contact the sealing plug c53, and as the insertion continues, the top rod 55 will push the sealing plug c53 to move away from the drainage port 51, so that the drainage port 51 is in communication with the inner cavity of the planting bin 16. At this time, the accumulated water at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 will flow into the drainage pipe 26 through the drainage port 51, and then flow to the sewer pipe 36 through the drainage pipe 26, and finally be discharged into the sewage tank 31. When the drainage operation is completed, the drainage pipe 26 is pulled out of the drainage port 51, the spring c54 pushes the sealing plug c53 to reset, reseals the drainage port 51, prevents external impurities from entering the inner cavity of the planting bin 16, and avoids the residual water in the planting bin 16 from evaporating too quickly. In addition, the setting of the filter screen 52 can effectively intercept the solid impurities that may exist in the planting bin 16, prevent them from being discharged together with the accumulated water, and cause the drainage pipe 26 to be blocked or affect the subsequent treatment of the accumulated water in the sewage tank 31.

[0041] Example 2 An edible mushroom cultivation method of a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device, which is suitable for the mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device described in any one of the above embodiments, comprising: S1: planting, when in use, the sliding frame 22 is driven to move to the middle position, the switching device is in the second state, at this time, the chain 12 can drive the planting bin 16 to slide along the mounting frame 11, at this time, the lowermost planting bin 16 is filled with nutrients and planting substrate, and after filling, the planting bin 16 is controlled to slide in the mounting frame 11, the next group of planting bins 16 is adjusted to the lowermost end, until the planting operation is completed; S2: irrigation, when irrigation is needed, first move the planting bin 16 to the specified position, so that the water inlet 41 is aligned with the irrigation pipe 25, then move the sliding frame 22 to the right end point, so that the irrigation pipe 25 is connected with the water inlet 41, and push the sealing plug a 42 to open, at this time, the irrigation liquid in the water pipe 35 enters the lower end of the cavity of the planting bin 16 through the irrigation pipe 25, and full irrigation is carried out by using the soaking irrigation method; S3: drainage, after irrigation is completed, the sliding frame 22 is moved to the left end point, so that the drain pipe 26 is connected with the drain 51, at this time, the irrigation pipe 25 has been separated from the water inlet 41, and the sealing plug a 42 is also automatically closed, then the accumulated water in the planting bin 16 is discharged from the drain pipe 26 through the drain pipe 36, so as to avoid that the accumulated water is too much and the mushroom root system is rotten due to long-time soaking irrigation, which affects planting; S4: picking, after irrigation and drainage operations are completed, the switching device is in the second mode, and waits for the growth of mushrooms, after the mushrooms are mature, the mushrooms can be picked from the lowermost planting bin 16, and the chain 12 drives the planting bin 16 to move, so that the subsequent planting bin 16 is moved to the lowermost position in circulation, so as to facilitate the picking of workers.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the S1 operation is completed, the switching device needs to be switched to the second state as soon as possible, so as to avoid that the accumulated water in the planting bin 16 is too much, which causes the planting substrate to float up and affects the planting effect.

[0043] The working principle of the present application is as follows: when in use, the device is first kept in the second state, at which time the driving machine 13 drives the chain wheel 14 to rotate, so that the chain 12 rolls, the sleeve ring 15 and the planting bin 16 are moved, and the position of the planting bin 16 is adjusted according to the needs, so as to carry out planting, irrigation or drainage work. When irrigation work is needed, the driving device is in the first state, at which time the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to move to the right to the end position, at which time the irrigation pipe 25 on the left side support 24 will be inserted into the water inlet 41, and at the same time, the irrigation pipe 25 first contacts the guide plate 43 and continuously inserts, pushing the guide plate 43 to move in the direction of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16, so as to push away the sealing plug a 42, so that the water inlet 41 is communicated with the inner cavity of the planting bin 16. At the same time, the push rod 47 contacts the guide plate 43, and under the pushing force of the reaction force, the push rod 47 drives the sealing plug b 46 to move away from the planting bin 16 and opens the irrigation pipe 25, at which time the irrigation liquid in the irrigation pipe 25 will flow into the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 through the water inlet 41 to carry out immersion irrigation. After the irrigation is completed, the switching device is in the third state, at which time the electric telescopic rod 23 drives the sliding frame 22 to move to the left to the end position, so that the drainage pipe 26 on the right side support 24 is connected with the drainage port 51, at which time the jacking rod 55 will first contact the sealing plug c 53, and with continuous insertion, the jacking rod 55 will push the sealing plug c 53 to move away from the drainage port 51, so that the drainage port 51 is communicated with the inner cavity of the planting bin 16. At this time, the accumulated water at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting bin 16 will flow into the drainage pipe 26 through the drainage port 51, and then flow to the sewer pipe 36 through the drainage pipe 26, and finally be discharged into the sewage tank 31.

[0044] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present application, such as without special description and limitation, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment, characterized in that: include: The base has a mounting frame fixedly connected to its upper end. The inner cavity of the mounting frame is equipped with a chain, and a planting chamber is fixedly connected to the chain. The drive unit includes a sliding frame that is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. Supports are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame. An irrigation pipe is connected to the left support and a drainage pipe is connected to the right support. The distribution department includes a water supply pipe connected to the irrigation pipe, and a drainage pipe connected to the sewer pipe. The irrigation section includes a water inlet, which is located on the left side of the planting chamber and faces the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug a is installed inside the water inlet. The drainage section includes a drainage outlet, which is located on the right side of the planting chamber and faces the drainage pipe. A sealing plug c is installed inside the drainage outlet. The drive unit switches between three states through position adjustment: first state: the sliding frame moves to the right end point, driving the irrigation pipe to connect with the water inlet; second state: the sliding frame moves to the middle position, and the planting chambers are not connected to the irrigation pipe or drainage pipe. At this time, the chain can drive the planting chambers to slide along the mounting frame; third state: the sliding frame moves to the left end point, driving the drainage pipe to connect with the drainage outlet.

2. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. Both sets of mounting brackets contain chains. A drive motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the two sets of mounting brackets on the side away from each other. The output end of the drive motor extends into the corresponding mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to a sprocket. The outer ring of the sprocket meshes with the inner ring of the upper end of the chain.

3. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of chains are fixedly connected to adjacent sides with collars. The left and right ends of the planting chamber are rotatably connected to the inner cavities of the two sets of collars. An air vent is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower end of the planting chamber.

4. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive unit also includes two sets of sliding grooves, which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. The inner cavity of each set of sliding grooves is slidably connected to a sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame slide in the inner cavity of the two sets of sliding grooves respectively. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both through the sliding grooves, and the upper ends of the parts extending out of the sliding grooves are fixedly connected to brackets. Multiple sets of irrigation pipes are fixedly connected to the right side of the left bracket, while multiple sets of drainage pipes are fixedly connected to the left side of the right bracket.

5. The mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circulation section also includes a sewage tank, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the inner cavity of the base. A watering tank is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the base. A water pump is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner cavity of the base. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the watering tank. A four-head pipe is connected through the outlet of the water pump through the base. The four-head pipe is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the base. Each of the three outlets of the four-head pipe is connected to a water supply pipe. All three water supply pipes extend into the inner cavity of the left support and are connected to the watering pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the lower end of the right support. The lower end of the drain pipe passes through the base and is connected to the inlet of the sewage tank.

6. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water inlet is located at the lower left end of the planting chamber. A sealing plug a is provided at the outlet of the water inlet in the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The irrigation part also includes a guide plate. The guide plate is fixedly connected to the end of the sealing plug a that extends into the inner cavity of the water inlet, and the guide plate is slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet. Springs a are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the guide plate near the planting chamber. The other ends of the springs a are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the planting chamber.

7. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe, and the grooves are movably inserted into the middle of the guide plate. The irrigation part also includes a guide tube, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outlet of the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug b is provided on the side of the guide tube away from the planting chamber. The sealing plug b is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the sealing plug b near the guide tube. The push rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide tube, and the push rod passes through the guide tube and contacts the middle of the guide plate. A spring b is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the push rod in the inner cavity of the guide tube, and the other end of the spring b is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the guide tube.

8. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber has a groove, and the drain outlet is located at the end of the groove facing the outside of the planting chamber. The drain section also includes a filter screen, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber and covers the groove. A sealing plug c is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The side of the sealing plug c near the drain outlet is in contact with the inner ring of the drain outlet, and a spring c is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug c in the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The other end of the spring c is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting chamber.

9. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drainage section also includes a push rod, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the drain pipe, and the outer end of the push rod extends out of the drain pipe and is close to the sealing plug c.

10. A method for cultivating edible fungi using a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment, characterized in that: The mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment applicable to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes: S1: Planting. When in use, drive the sliding frame to move to the middle position and switch the device to the second state. At this time, the chain can drive the planting bin to slide along the mounting frame. At this time, add nutrients and planting base to the bottom planting bin and control the planting bin to slide in the mounting frame after filling. Adjust the next set of planting bins to the bottom until the planting operation is completed. S2: Irrigation. When irrigation is needed, first move the planting chamber to the designated position so that the water inlet is aligned with the irrigation pipe. Then move the sliding frame to the right end so that the irrigation pipe is connected to the water inlet and push the sealing plug a to open. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the water pipe enters the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber through the irrigation pipe and is fully irrigated using the soaking irrigation method. S3: Drainage. After irrigation is completed, the sliding frame moves to the left end point to connect the drainage pipe with the drainage outlet. At this time, the irrigation pipe has been separated from the water inlet, and the sealing plug a also closes automatically. Then, the water in the planting chamber is discharged from the drain pipe through the drainage pipe to avoid excessive water accumulation and prolonged soaking during irrigation, which can cause the mushroom roots to rot and affect the planting. S4: Harvesting. After irrigation and drainage are completed, the device is switched to the second mode and the mushrooms are allowed to grow. Once the mushrooms are mature, they can be harvested from the bottom planting chamber. The planting chambers are moved by a chain, and the subsequent planting chambers are moved to the bottom in a cycle to facilitate harvesting by the staff.

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