Microorganism rapid detection sample pretreatment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a microorganism rapid detection sample pretreatment device which comprises a shell, a main roller is axially and rotatably sleeved with the shell, a plurality of cleaning channels are annularly formed in the main roller around the axis in a penetrating mode, filter cartridges are arranged in the cleaning channels, and magnetic beads are placed in the filter cartridges. The two ends of the main roller are rotationally and hermetically sleeved with a water inlet end cover and a water drainage end cover, the water inlet end cover and the water drainage end cover are each provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the inlets and the outlets correspond to the cleaning channels in a one-to-one mode. Compared with a conventional single-channel device, the multi-channel device has the advantages that the steps of stopping and switching are not needed, the treatment efficiency is obviously improved, and the batch treatment requirement of on-site rapid detection is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of technology, and more specifically to a sample pretreatment device for rapid detection of microorganisms. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of microbial detection, sample pretreatment is a crucial step determining detection efficiency and accuracy, especially for water samples. Concentration is necessary to increase the microbial concentration to meet the sensitivity requirements of subsequent detection instruments (such as PCR machines and immunoassay analyzers). Currently, mainstream water concentration techniques include centrifugation, membrane filtration, and conventional magnetic bead adsorption. However, these techniques have significant drawbacks in practical applications: Centrifugation separation method: It relies on high-speed centrifugal force to separate microorganisms from water. Not only is the equipment large and energy-intensive, but the cell walls of microorganisms are also prone to breakage due to excessive centrifugal force during the process, affecting the activity of subsequent detection. At the same time, the single processing volume is limited, which cannot meet the needs of rapid detection of batch samples. The processing cycle usually exceeds 30 minutes, making it difficult to adapt to the rapid on-site detection scenario. Membrane filtration: Microorganisms are trapped by microporous membranes, which can achieve a certain degree of concentration. However, the membranes are easily clogged by suspended impurities in the sample water, requiring frequent shutdowns to replace the membranes, which leads to operational interruptions. Furthermore, microorganisms on the surface of the membrane are difficult to completely wash away, resulting in the loss of target microorganisms. The concentration recovery rate is generally less than 70%, which affects the accuracy of detection. Conventional magnetic bead adsorption method: This method utilizes specific antibodies or functional groups on the surface of magnetic beads to adsorb microorganisms. Although it overcomes some of the shortcomings of centrifugation and membrane filtration, existing devices mostly adopt a "single-channel static processing" mode. That is, only one step of "sample water adsorption → washing solution elution → water rinsing" can be completed at a time. It is necessary to stop the machine and switch the fluid channel. This is not only cumbersome to operate, but also easy for fluids from different steps to remain in the channel, resulting in cross-contamination. In addition, the single-channel design makes the processing efficiency extremely low, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale detection. In summary, there is an urgent need for a sample pretreatment device that can achieve continuous, cross-contamination-free, and highly efficient concentration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned deficiencies and problems, this invention provides a sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection.

[0004] The solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection, comprising a shell, a main roller rotatably mounted inside the shell, multiple cleaning channels circumferentially extending from the main roller, filter cartridges containing magnetic beads inside the cleaning channels, and inlet and outlet caps rotatably sealed at both ends of the main roller, each with an inlet and outlet corresponding to a cleaning channel. The inlet cap has one clean water inlet, one cleaning solution inlet, and the rest are sample water inlets; the outlet cap has one rinsing water outlet, one enrichment solution outlet, and the rest are wastewater outlets. A rotating mechanism is provided inside the shell to drive the main roller to rotate at a uniform speed, and both the outlet and inlet caps are provided with a drive following structure to intermittently rotate synchronously with the rotation of the main roller.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive following mechanism is composed of a torsion spring. The outer walls of the drain end cover and the water inlet end cover are fixedly fitted with end cover ring seats. A roller ring seat is fixedly fitted on the main roller near the drain end cover and the water inlet end cover. A torsion spring is fitted at the connection between the main roller and the drain end cover and the water inlet end cover. The two ends of the torsion spring are connected to the end cover ring seat and the roller ring seat.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer wall of the end cap ring seat has multiple arc-shaped positioning slots circumferentially opened, and the number of arc-shaped positioning slots is the same as the number of cleaning channels. A positioning component is provided on the outer shell at the position corresponding to the end cap ring seat, which is used to cooperate with the arc-shaped positioning slots to realize the positioning of the end cap after intermittent rotation.

[0007] Furthermore, both ends of the outer shell are equipped with end face slip rings. The rotating disk of the end face slip ring is set on the end cover and moves with the end cover. The fixed disk is fixedly fitted on the side walls of both ends of the outer shell. Sample water inlet pipe, cleaning solution inlet pipe and clean water inlet pipe are connected to the outside of the end face slip ring of the water inlet end cover. They are respectively connected to the inlet of the corresponding water inlet end cover through the end face slip ring. Wastewater drain pipe, enrichment solution drain pipe and rinsing water drain pipe are connected to the outside of the end face slip ring of the drain end cover. They are respectively connected to the outlet of the corresponding drain end cover through the end face slip ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a servo motor, a gear ring, and a gear. The gear ring is fixedly fitted around the outer wall of the main roller. The servo motor is mounted inside the housing via a motor frame. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly fitted with a gear, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning component includes a fixing sleeve fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell, and an arc-shaped locking pin is slidably fitted inside the fixing sleeve. The arc-shaped locking pin is connected to the fixing sleeve by a spring, and the arc surface of the outer end of the arc-shaped locking pin is adapted to the arc-shaped positioning groove.

[0010] Furthermore, shafts extend from the center of the two ends of the main roller, and through holes are opened at the center of the drain end cover and the water inlet end cover. The drain end cover and the water inlet end cover are rotatably mounted on the shafts through the through holes, and a baffle is provided at the outer end of the shaft to prevent the end cover from slipping off.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided on the mating surface of the main roller and the end cover to prevent fluid leakage.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The main drum of the present invention is provided with multiple surrounding channels. Through the cooperation of the uniform rotation of the main drum and the synchronous intermittent rotation of the end caps, the multiple channels can complete the step-by-step processing of sample water adsorption → washing solution elution → clean water rinsing in parallel. Compared with conventional single-channel devices, the present invention does not require stopping to switch steps, and the processing efficiency is significantly improved, meeting the batch processing needs of rapid on-site detection. By using a design that allows the inlet and outlet caps to rotate synchronously and intermittently, multiple channels always form independent fluid paths with their corresponding inlet and outlet: sample water flows only in the adsorption channel, and the waste liquid without microorganisms after adsorption is discharged separately; the washing liquid containing microorganisms flows only in the elution channel and is collected from a dedicated outlet; and clean water flows only in the rinsing channel, and the rinsing waste liquid is discharged separately. Each path is isolated by a sealing station, with no fluid cross-flow, ensuring the purity of the concentrated microbial liquid and improving the accuracy of subsequent detection. This invention employs a dynamic magnetic bead adsorption mode, where sample water comes into full contact with the magnetic beads as the main drum rotates at a constant speed. The adsorption time can be precisely controlled by the rotation speed of the main drum, avoiding microbial loss due to insufficient adsorption. At the same time, the flow rate of the washing solution and the clean water is matched with the channel, resulting in a gentle elution process that does not damage the cell walls of microorganisms, ensuring the reliability of subsequent detection results. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shell of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the main roller and end cap of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the main roller and end cap of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main roller of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the main roller structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the main roller of the present invention; Figure 9This is a side view of the end cap structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 2. Main roller; 201. Cleaning channel; 202. Filter cartridge; 203. Magnetic bead; 204. Shaft; 205. Baffle; 3. Support rotating seat; 4. Rotating mechanism; 401. Gear ring; 402. Servo motor; 403. Gear; 5. Drainage end cap; 501. Wastewater outlet; 502. Enrichment solution outlet; 503. Rinse water outlet; 6. Water inlet end cap; 601. Sample water inlet; 602. Cleaning solution inlet; 603. Clean water inlet; 7. End face slip ring; 8. Sample water inlet pipe; 9. Cleaning solution inlet pipe; 10. Rinse water inlet pipe; 11. Wastewater drain pipe; 12. Enrichment solution drain pipe; 13. End cap ring seat; 14. Torsion spring; 15. Roller ring seat; 16. Arc-shaped positioning groove; 17. Positioning assembly; 171. Fixing sleeve; 172. Spring; 173. Arc-shaped locking post. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Please see Figure 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution for a sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection: Example

[0017] Please see Figures 1 to 10This invention provides a sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection, including a housing 1, which is integrally formed from stainless steel. A main roller 2 is axially rotatably mounted inside the housing 1. Supporting rotating seats 3 are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the main roller. Multiple ball bearings are arranged inside the supporting rotating seats. The supporting rotating seats 3 are used to assist in supporting the main roller 2, ensuring the stability of the main roller 2 when it rotates axially inside the housing 1 and reducing radial sway. A rotating mechanism for driving the main roller to rotate at a uniform speed is also provided inside the housing. Eight through-hole cleaning channels 201 are evenly circumferentially formed along the axis of the main roller 2. The included angle between the centers of adjacent cleaning channels 201 is 45°. Each cleaning channel 201 contains a removable filter cartridge 202. The filter cartridge 202 is filled with magnetic beads 203 for adsorbing microorganisms. The side wall of the filter cartridge 202 has micropores. The pore size allows sample water, cleaning solution, and clean water to pass freely, while effectively trapping the magnetic beads 203 filled in the filter cartridge 202 to prevent the magnetic beads 203 from being lost with the fluid. The magnetic beads 203 filled in the filter cartridge 202 are magnetic nanospheres with broad-spectrum microbial antibodies on their surface, which can achieve specific adsorption of microorganisms in the sample water. An O-ring (not shown) is also fitted between the filter cartridge 202 and the inner wall of the cleaning channel 201 to further ensure that the fluid can only pass through the filter cartridge 202 and contact the magnetic beads 203, avoiding the formation of sideflow between the filter cartridge 202 and the channel wall, which would affect the adsorption effect.

[0018] The main roller 2 has an inlet end cap 6 and a drain end cap 5 installed at both ends via a rotating sealing structure. A cylindrical shaft 204 extends integrally from the center of the shaft at both ends of the main roller 2. Correspondingly, through holes adapted to the shaft 204 are provided at the center of the shafts of the drain end cap 5 and the inlet end cap 6. The drain end cap 5 and the inlet end cap 6 are rotatably fitted onto the shafts 204 at both ends of the main roller 2 through these through holes, achieving a rotatable connection with the main roller 2. Simultaneously, a stop 205 is provided at the outer end of the shaft 204. The stop 205 is a circular flange structure with a diameter larger than the diameter of the through hole in the shaft of the end cap, effectively preventing the drain end cap 5 and the inlet end cap 6 from slipping off the shaft 204, ensuring the assembly stability between the end caps and the main roller 2.

[0019] Both the drain end cap 5 and the water inlet end cap 6 are circular cover plates adapted to the end face of the main roller 2. They are respectively fitted onto both ends of the main roller 2 and achieve a rotational sealing fit with the end face of the main roller 2 through a rotating seal (such as a rotary sealing ring). This ensures the flexibility of the end caps rotating intermittently with the main roller 2 while effectively preventing fluid leakage from the contact surface between the end caps and the main roller 2. The water inlet end cap 6 and the drain end cap 5 are respectively provided with inlets and outlets corresponding to the eight cleaning channels 201.

[0020] The water inlet cap 6, facing one end of the main drum 2, has eight inlets evenly spaced along its circumference, each corresponding to a cleaning channel 201. These eight inlets are: one clean water inlet 603, one cleaning solution inlet 602, and four sample water inlets 601. Two sealing ports are provided between the clean water inlet and the cleaning solution inlet. The clean water inlet 603 is for introducing sterile clean water, the cleaning solution inlet 602 is for introducing eluent containing surfactants, and the sample water inlet 601 is for introducing sample water to be treated. Correspondingly, the drain cap 5, facing one end of the main drum 2, also has eight outlets, each corresponding to a cleaning channel 201. The functions of the inlets are matched one-to-one with the inlet functions of the water inlet cap 6. Specifically, there is one rinsing water outlet 503, corresponding to the clean water inlet 603, used to discharge the clean water after rinsing; one enrichment liquid outlet 502, corresponding to the cleaning liquid inlet 602, used to collect the eluent containing microorganisms; four wastewater outlets 501, corresponding to the sample water inlet 601, used to discharge the sample water waste liquid after adsorbing microorganisms; and the remaining two are sealing outlets. By matching the inlets, cleaning channels and outlets one-to-one, it can be ensured that each cleaning channel 201 is connected to only one function's inlet and outlet at any given time, forming an independent fluid path and structurally preventing cross-contamination between different fluids.

[0021] The rotating mechanism 4 is located inside the lower part of the outer casing 1 and consists of a gear ring 401, a servo motor 402, and a gear 403. The gear ring is welded and fixedly fitted onto the middle of the outer wall of the main roller 2. The servo motor 402 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the inner wall of the outer casing 1 via a motor frame. The speed of the servo motor 402 can be precisely adjusted by a controller. The output shaft of the servo motor 402 is keyed and fixedly fitted with the gear 403, and the gear 403 meshes with the gear ring 401. When the servo motor 402 starts, its output shaft drives the gear 403 to rotate. The wheel 403 drives the main roller 2 to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis through meshing with the gear ring 401. The rotation angle and speed of the main roller 2 can be precisely controlled by the servo motor 402 to ensure that the sample water and the magnetic beads 203 are fully in contact and adsorbed. At the same time, it can also ensure that the cleaning liquid and the clean water have enough time to complete the elution and rinsing operations, avoiding low efficiency or poor effect due to insufficient processing time. In order to realize that the drain end cover 5 and the water inlet end cover 6 follow the main roller 2 intermittently and synchronously, a drive following structure is provided on the drain end cover 5 and the water inlet end cover 6. Example

[0022] The drive-following structure consists of a torsion spring 14, an end cap ring seat 13, and a roller ring seat 15. The end cap ring seat 13 is an annular structure, with its inner diameter matching the outer diameter of the end cap. It is tightly fitted and fixedly mounted on the middle of the outer wall of the drain end cap 5 and the inlet end cap 6. The roller ring seat 15 is also an annular structure, and is welded and fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the main roller 2 near the two end caps. The axes of the roller ring seat 15 and the end cap ring seat 13 coincide. The torsion spring 14 is made of stainless steel, and its inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the roller ring seat 15. The torsion spring 14 is fitted at the connection between the main roller 2 and the end cap, with one end of the torsion spring 14 connected to the inner wall of the end cap ring seat 13 and the other end connected to the outer wall of the roller ring seat 15. When the main roller 2 rotates at a constant speed under the drive of the rotating mechanism 4, the main roller 2 drives the roller ring seat 15. The ring seat 15 rotates synchronously, and the roller ring seat 15 generates torque on one end of the torsion spring 14, causing the torsion spring 14 to gradually accumulate force. When the accumulated torque of the torsion spring 14 is greater than the positioning resistance of the positioning component 17 on the end cover ring seat 13, the torsion spring 14 will drive the end cover ring seat 13 and the drain end cover 5 or water inlet end cover 6 fixed thereto to rotate rapidly. The rotation angle is the same as the previous rotation angle of the main roller 2, which is 45°. Then the torsion spring 14 returns to its natural state, the end cover stops rotating, and waits for the next force-accumulating rotation. The following movement is achieved by the torsion spring 14, which eliminates the need to configure an independent drive motor for the end cover, simplifies the overall structure of the device, reduces manufacturing costs and energy consumption, and ensures the rotation synchronization between the end cover and the main roller 2, avoiding misalignment of the channel and inlet / outlet caused by asynchronous driving at both ends.

[0023] To achieve precise positioning after the end caps intermittently follow rotation, positioning components 17 are provided on the outer shell 1 at positions corresponding to the end cap ring seats 13. There are two sets of positioning components 17, corresponding to the end cap ring seats 13 of the drain end cap 5 and the inlet end cap 6, respectively. Each set of positioning components 17 consists of a fixing sleeve 171, a spring 172, and an arc-shaped locking post 173. The fixing sleeve 171 is a cylindrical hollow structure, with one end fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell 1 by welding, and the other end facing the end cap ring seat 13. An arc-shaped locking post 173 is longitudinally slidably fitted inside the sleeve 171. Eight arc-shaped positioning grooves 16 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the end cap ring seat 13. The number of arc-shaped positioning grooves 16 is the same as the number of cleaning channels 201, and the arc shape of the arc-shaped positioning grooves 16 matches the arc surface of the outer end of the arc-shaped locking post 173. A spring 172 is installed inside the fixed sleeve, with one end abutting against the bottom inner wall of the fixed sleeve 171 and the other end abutting against the inner end of the arc-shaped locking post 173. In the normal state, the elastic force of spring 172 will push the outer end of the arc-shaped locking post 173 out of the fixing sleeve 171 and lock it in the arc-shaped locking groove; when the end cover is in the stopped state, the arc-shaped locking post 173, under the action of the elastic force of spring 172, will lock into the arc-shaped positioning groove 16 of the end cover ring seat 13, and the end cover will be positioned by the locking engagement to prevent the end cover from rotating unexpectedly during the rotation of the main roller 2, and to ensure the stable alignment of the channel with the inlet and outlet; when the stored torque of the torsion spring 14 is greater than the elastic force of spring 172, the end cover will be positioned by the locking engagement to prevent the end cover from rotating unexpectedly during the rotation of the main roller 2, and to ensure the stable alignment of the channel with the inlet and outlet. When force is applied, the end cap ring seat 13 pushes the arc-shaped locking pin 173 to compress the spring 172, causing the arc-shaped locking pin 173 to disengage from the arc-shaped positioning groove 16, allowing the end cap to rotate. After the end cap rotates 45°, the next arc-shaped positioning groove 16 rotates to the position of the arc-shaped locking pin 173, and the spring 172 pushes the arc-shaped locking pin 173 into the groove again, realizing the repositioning of the end cap. This effectively ensures the accuracy of the end cap's position after intermittent rotation and avoids fluid leakage or cross-contamination caused by inaccurate end cap positioning. Example

[0024] To ensure stable fluid communication between the end cap and external pipelines during intermittent rotation and prevent pipeline entanglement, end face slip rings 7 are installed at both ends of the outer casing 1. The end face slip rings 7 employ a conductive slip ring fluid transmission structure, comprising a rotating disk and a fixed disk. The rotating disk is bolted to the outer end face of the end cap and rotates intermittently synchronously with the end cap. The fixed disk is fixedly mounted on the outer sidewalls at both ends of the outer casing 1. On the end face slip rings 7 outside the water inlet end cap 6, the fixed disk is connected to a sample water inlet pipe 8, a cleaning fluid inlet pipe 9, and a clean water inlet pipe 10, respectively. The sample water inlet pipe 8 communicates with the four sample water inlets 601 on the water inlet end cap 6 through the internal flow channel of the end face slip ring 7; the cleaning fluid inlet pipe 9 communicates with the cleaning fluid inlet 602; and the clean water inlet pipe 10 communicates with the clean water inlet 603. On the end face slip rings 7 outside the drain end cap 5, the fixed disk is connected to... The disc is connected to a wastewater drain pipe 11, a enriched liquid drain pipe 12, and a flushing water drain pipe. The wastewater drain pipe 11 is connected to the four wastewater outlets 501 on the drain end cover 5, the enriched liquid drain pipe 12 is connected to the enriched liquid outlet 502, and the flushing water drain pipe is connected to the flushing water outlet 503. The end face slip ring 7 ensures that the external inlet and outlet pipes do not need to rotate when the end cover rotates. Fluid transmission is achieved only through the dynamic seal between the rotating disc and the fixed disc. This ensures the continuity and sealing of fluid transmission, avoids the problems of entanglement and wear caused by the pipes rotating with the disc, extends the service life of the pipes, and simplifies the external connection structure of the device, making it convenient for operators to install and maintain.

[0025] Sealing rings are provided at the contact surfaces of the main roller 2 with the drain end cover 5 and the water inlet end cover 6. When the end cover is in contact with the main roller 2, the lip of the sealing ring is in close contact with the end face of the end cover to form a sealing surface. This can effectively prevent fluid from leaking from the contact surface between the main roller 2 and the end cover, avoid the mixing of fluids with different functions on the outside, further ensure the independence of each fluid path, and also prevent fluid leakage from damaging other internal components of the device, thus improving the overall reliability of the device.

[0026] In actual operation, the device first sets parameters via the controller, such as the rotational speed of the main drum 2, the flow rate of the sample water inlet pipe 8, the flow rate of the cleaning fluid inlet pipe 9, and the flow rate of the clean water inlet pipe 10. Then, the servo motor 402 is started. The servo motor 402 drives the main drum 2 to rotate at a constant speed through the meshing of the gear 403 and the gear ring 401. The main drum 2 drives the drum ring seat 15 to rotate synchronously. The drum ring seat 15 applies torque to the torsion spring 14, and the torsion spring 14 begins to store force. At this time, the arc-shaped locking pin 173, under the action of the spring 172, engages with the arc-shaped positioning groove 16 of the end cap ring seat 13. The end cap remains stationary, and the various inlets of the water inlet end cap 6... The cleaning channel 201 of the main roller 2 is stably aligned with the sample water inlet 8. The sample water enters the sample water inlet 601 through the sample water inlet pipe 8 and the end face slip ring 7, and then flows into the corresponding cleaning channel 201. It passes through the filter cartridge 202 and comes into contact with the magnetic beads 203. The antibodies on the surface of the magnetic beads 203 specifically bind to the microorganisms in the sample water, achieving microbial adsorption. The adsorbed sample water waste liquid is discharged from the wastewater outlet 11 through the corresponding wastewater outlet 501 and the end face slip ring 7. At the same time, the cleaning liquid enters the cleaning liquid inlet 602 through the cleaning liquid inlet pipe 9 and flows into the corresponding cleaning channel 201. The surfactants in the cleaning liquid can destroy the magnetic beads. The binding force between magnetic beads 203 and microorganisms washes off the microorganisms. The enrichment solution containing microorganisms is discharged from the enrichment solution outlet 502 and end face slip ring 7 through the enrichment solution drain pipe 12, completing the microbial concentration. Clean water enters the clean water inlet 603 through the clean water inlet pipe 10 and flows into the corresponding cleaning channel 201 to rinse off the cleaning solution remaining on the surface of the magnetic beads 203. The rinsed clean water is discharged from the rinsing water drain pipe through the rinsing water outlet 503 and end face slip ring 7 to avoid residual cleaning solution affecting subsequent adsorption operations. When the main roller 2 rotates 45°, the stored torque of the torsion spring 14 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 172, pushing the arc The face-mounted pin 173 disengages from the arc-shaped positioning slot 16, and the torsion spring 14 drives the end cap ring seat 13 and the end cap to rotate rapidly by 45°, so that the inlet and outlet of the end cap are aligned with the cleaning channel 201 of the main roller 2 at the new position. Then, under the action of the spring 172, the arc-shaped pin 173 is engaged in the new arc-shaped positioning slot 16, the end cap stops rotating, and the next processing cycle begins. This cycle repeats, and the eight cleaning channels 201 can complete the adsorption, elution, and rinsing operations in parallel without stopping the machine to switch. The processing efficiency is significantly improved compared to the single-channel device. At the same time, each fluid path is independent, avoiding cross-contamination and meeting the pretreatment requirements for rapid microbial detection.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), within which a main roller (2) is axially rotatably mounted. Multiple cleaning channels (201) are circumferentially opened within the main roller (2) around its axis. Filter cartridges (202) are installed within the cleaning channels (201), and magnetic beads (203) are placed inside the filter cartridges (202). Inlet caps (6) and outlet caps (5) are rotatably sealed at both ends of the main roller (2), and both the inlet caps (6) and outlet caps (5) have inlets and outlets corresponding to the cleaning channels (201). The cover (6) has a clean water inlet (603), a cleaning liquid inlet (602), and the rest are sample water inlets (601). The drain end cover (5) has a rinsing water outlet (503), a enrichment liquid outlet (502), and the rest are wastewater outlets (501). The outer shell (1) is equipped with a rotating mechanism (4) that drives the main drum (2) to rotate at a uniform speed. The drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6) are both equipped with a drive following structure that makes them rotate intermittently and synchronously with the rotation of the main drum (2).

2. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive following mechanism is composed of a torsion spring (14). The outer walls of the drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6) are fixedly fitted with end cover ring seats (13). A roller ring seat (15) is fixedly fitted on the main roller (2) near the drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6). A torsion spring (14) is fitted at the connection between the main roller (2) and the drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6). The two ends of the torsion spring (14) are connected to the end cover ring seat (13) and the roller ring seat (15).

3. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the end cap ring seat (13) has multiple arc-shaped positioning slots (16) circumferentially opened. The number of arc-shaped positioning slots (16) is the same as the number of cleaning channels (201). A positioning component (17) is provided on the outer shell (1) at the position corresponding to the end cap ring seat (13) to cooperate with the arc-shaped positioning slots (16) to realize the positioning of the end cap after intermittent rotation.

4. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the outer shell (1) are equipped with end face slip rings (7). The rotating disk of the end face slip ring (7) is set on the end cover and moves with the end cover. The fixed disk is fixedly fitted on the side walls of both ends of the outer shell (1). Sample water inlet pipe (8), cleaning liquid inlet pipe (9) and clean water inlet pipe (10) are connected to the outside of the end face slip ring (7) of the water inlet end cover (6). They are connected to the inlet of the corresponding water inlet end cover (6) through the end face slip ring (7). Wastewater drain pipe (11), enrichment liquid drain pipe (12) and rinsing water drain pipe (10) are connected to the outside of the end face slip ring (7) of the drain end cover (5). They are connected to the outlet of the corresponding drain end cover (5) through the end face slip ring (7).

5. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (4) includes a servo motor (402), a gear ring (401) and a gear (403). The gear ring (401) is fixedly fitted around the outer wall of the main roller (2). The servo motor (402) is installed inside the outer shell (1) by a motor frame. The output end of the servo motor (402) is fixedly fitted with a gear (403), and the gear (403) meshes with the gear ring (401).

6. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning component (17) includes a fixed sleeve (171) fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell (1). An arc-shaped locking post (173) is slidably fitted inside the fixed sleeve (171). The arc-shaped locking post (173) is connected to the fixed sleeve (171) by a spring (172), and the arc surface of the outer end of the arc-shaped locking post (173) is adapted to the arc-shaped positioning groove (16).

7. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main roller (2) has shafts (204) extending from the center of the shaft at both ends. The drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6) have through holes at their centers. The drain end cover (5) and the water inlet end cover (6) are rotatably mounted on the shaft (204) through the through holes. A baffle (205) is provided at the outer end of the shaft (204) to prevent the end cover from slipping off.

8. The sample pretreatment device for rapid microbial detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main roller (2) and the end cover are fitted with a sealing ring to prevent fluid leakage.

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