Vacuum melting process of nickel-based superalloy

Abstract

The application provides a nickel-based superalloy vacuum smelting process and belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the base material, high-melting-point material and low-melting-point material of the nickel-based superalloy into blocks and cleaning the surfaces to remove surface impurities and water vapor; S2, adding part of the base material into a vacuum furnace, heating to above the melting point, adding a first batch of slagging agent, and then performing first slag removal by using a slag separating device; S3, adding the remaining base material and part of the high-melting-point material into the vacuum furnace, starting electromagnetic stirring to ensure complete melting of the raw materials, then adding a second batch of slagging agent, and performing second slag removal by using a slag separating device after a predetermined time. The application can avoid component segregation in the alloy, accelerate the smelting process, improve the alloy quality, remove the slag without damaging the environment in the vacuum furnace, and realize efficient smelting of the nickel-based superalloy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a nickel-based high-temperature alloy vacuum smelting process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Taking a Ta-Ni-Cr-Al alloy for an example, the composition of the alloy is as follows: Ni: 58%-62%, Cr: 18%-22%, Ta: 5%-7%, Al: 2%-3%, Mo: 1%-2%, and according to specific requirements, some other metal raw materials are selected, and some unremovable impurities are also included; the high-melting-point elements in the above components need to be added in batches to avoid unmelting caused by one-time addition; the low-melting-point elements need to be added later to reduce high-temperature volatilization loss.

[0003] In the process of adding metal raw materials in batches, the slag is produced in different stages in batches, and the above alloy needs to be smelted in a vacuum environment; while reducing the metal smelting temperature, the introduction of impurities in the air can be avoided, and the quality of the finished alloy can be improved; however, the traditional fishing structure is difficult to adapt to the smelting process of the vacuum furnace, and the vacuum furnace needs to be opened to fish the slag; the traditional smelting process operation needs to destroy the vacuum environment in the vacuum furnace, fill in the protective gas for isolation protection, prolong the smelting time of the vacuum furnace, reduce the smelting efficiency of the vacuum furnace, and affect the quality of the final finished alloy. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a nickel-based high-temperature alloy vacuum smelting process, which can avoid component segregation in the alloy, speed up the smelting process, improve the alloy quality, and realize efficient smelting of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy without destroying the environment in the vacuum furnace during slag removal.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The nickel-based superalloy vacuum smelting process comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the base material, high-melting-point material and low-melting-point material of the nickel-based superalloy into blocks and cleaning the surface to remove surface impurities and water vapor; S2, adding part of the base material into a vacuum furnace, heating to above the melting point, adding the first batch of slag forming agent, and then using a slag separation device to perform the first slag removal; S3, adding the remaining base material and part of the high-melting-point material into the vacuum furnace, starting electromagnetic stirring to ensure complete melting of the raw materials, then adding the second batch of slag forming agent, and after a predetermined time, using a slag separation device to perform the second slag removal; S4, adding the remaining high-melting-point material, increasing the electromagnetic stirring speed, after the high-melting-point material is uniformly dissolved, adding the low-melting-point material and the slag forming agent in multiple batches, and using a slag separation device to perform batch-by-batch slag removal; the above-mentioned slag separation device comprises a slag separation device and a driving assembly for driving the slag separation device to move, the slag separation device comprises a first separation assembly and a second separation assembly, the first separation assembly comprises a positioning shaft and a separation rod fixed at the bottom of the positioning shaft, the cross section of the separation rod is triangular, the separation rod is controlled to be oriented to rotate to a predetermined position with the second separation assembly, and the slag is guided to the second separation assembly by the separation rod for collection.

[0007] Preferably, the second separation assembly comprises a collection main body and a positioning sleeve for controlling the deflection of the collection main body, the collection main body comprises a storage bottom plate, an arc-shaped baffle and a straight baffle are fixed at the upper end of the storage bottom plate, the straight baffle is located on the side close to the positioning sleeve, the arc-shaped baffle is located on the side away from the positioning sleeve, and a collection gap is formed between the arc-shaped baffle and the straight baffle.

[0008] Preferably, when the slag generated on the surface of the alloy liquid is small, the collection gap is located on the first side of the collection main body, the straight baffle is located on the second side of the collection main body, the separation rod is controlled to be located on the first side of the collection main body and to be in the same height plane as the collection main body, and then the separation rod and the collection main body are controlled to be oriented to rotate synchronously to achieve concentrated collection of the slag.

[0009] Preferably, when the slag generated on the surface of the alloy liquid is large, the separation rod is controlled to be located at the bottom of the collection main body and to be in contact with the slag, the separation rod is controlled to be oriented to rotate to achieve integration of the slag, then the collection main body is controlled to be lowered to a predetermined height and to be flush with the separation rod, and then the separation rod and the collection main body are controlled to be oriented to rotate to achieve concentrated collection of the integrated slag.

[0010] Preferably, the straight baffle side wall is provided with a through gap matched with the separation rod, after the slag collection is completed, the separation rod is controlled to be lifted to a higher position and to pass through the through gap, so as to scrape and collect the residual slag on the surface of the separation rod.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning sleeve is sleeved outside the positioning shaft and coaxially arranged with the positioning shaft, the driving assembly comprises a first rotary driving part for controlling rotation of the positioning shaft, a first telescopic part for controlling lifting of the positioning shaft and the separating rod, and a second rotary driving part for controlling rotation of the positioning sleeve and the collecting body, and a second telescopic part for controlling lifting movement of the positioning sleeve and the collecting body.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped baffle is located on a virtual circumferential line coaxially arranged with the positioning sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the storage base plate is provided with a liquid discharge opening at the bottom, the liquid discharge opening is a through opening in the vertical direction, and the liquid alloy flows into the vacuum furnace through the liquid discharge opening.

[0014] Preferably, the vacuum furnace is provided with a gas blowing nozzle on the inner wall, the gas blowing nozzle continuously blows gas flow from the edge position of the inner wall to the center position, cooperates with the electromagnetic stirring device, controls the alloy liquid in the vacuum furnace to drive the slag to deflect, and controls the slag to concentrate at the center position of the vacuum furnace.

[0015] Preferably, the gas blowing nozzle is circumferentially designed with a plurality of gas blowing nozzles around the vertical axis, and the gas blowing nozzles are arranged at a deflection angle in the horizontal plane, and the deflection angle direction is the same as the direction of the alloy liquid flow.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, by adding the nickel-based high-temperature base material, the high-melting-point material and the low-melting-point material in batches, the smelting process of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy can be optimized, the component segregation in the alloy can be avoided, the smelting process can be accelerated, and the alloy quality can be improved; by cooperation of the first separating assembly and the second separating assembly, the slag generated in the furnace multiple times can be collected in batches without opening the vacuum furnace, the cross section of the separating rod is designed as a triangle, the slag can be efficiently collected and guided during rotation, the alloy quality is prevented from being reduced due to long-time mixing of the slag and the alloy liquid, meanwhile, the environment in the vacuum furnace does not need to be destroyed, and efficient smelting of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The process flowchart of the present application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 The internal structure schematic diagram of the vacuum furnace of the present application is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The front view structural schematic diagram of the slag separating device of the present application is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the separating rod located at the first side of the collecting body of the present application is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the separation rod of the application in a second side of the collection body.

[0023] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the separation rod of the application in different height positions.

[0024] In the figure: 100, vacuum furnace; 200, air blowing nozzle; 300, slag separation device; 310, first separation assembly; 311, positioning shaft; 312, separation rod; 320, second separation assembly; 321, positioning sleeve; 322, collection body; 3221, storage bottom plate; 3222, arc-shaped baffle; 3223, straight baffle; 3224, liquid discharge opening; 3225, through gap; 400, driving assembly; 410, first rotary driving member; 420, first telescopic member; 430, second rotary driving member; 440, second telescopic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0026] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, refer to the drawings Figure 1 - the drawings Figure 6 The vacuum smelting process of the nickel-based superalloy comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step one: raw material processing and equipment debugging; cut the metal raw material into blocks, dry at 120°C for 2h after ultrasonic cleaning with ethanol, and process the vacuum furnace 100; cut the base material (Ni block, Cr block, etc.) into 30-50mm blocks; cut the high-melting-point material into 10-15mm blocks; cut the low-melting-point material into about 50-70mm blocks; vacuumize the vacuum furnace 100 to ≤3×10⁻³Pa for vacuum detection, and maintain the pressure for 30min (the vacuum degree decreases ≤5×10⁻³Pa, which is qualified); preheat the graphite crucible to 800°C to remove the surface adsorbed water vapor. 4 Pa for 30min (the vacuum degree decreases ≤5×10⁻³Pa, which is qualified); preheat the graphite crucible to 800°C to remove the surface adsorbed water vapor.

[0028] Step two: first feeding and first slag removal; add 70% base material (for example, Ni block 70%+Cr block 30%) into the crucible, heat up at a rate of 5°C / min to above the melting point of the metal block, and maintain for 30min to preliminarily soften the raw material.

[0029] Subsequently, add the first batch of slagging agent, slowly add through the vacuum feeding hopper (10g / min), heat up to 1400°C, and maintain for 40min, at which time the "initial slag" (containing furnace lining debris and base material surface oxides) is generated in a loose and viscous state.

[0030] After the first batch of slag is generated, the slag is separated from the alloy liquid, and the slag is separated from the alloy liquid by using a slag separation device.

[0031] The slag separation device comprises a slag separation device 300 and a driving assembly 400 for driving the slag separation device 300 to move, and the slag separation device 300 comprises a first separation assembly 310 and a second separation assembly 320, and the slag is separated and salvaged by the cooperation of the first separation assembly 310 and the second separation assembly 320.

[0032] Specifically, the first separation assembly 310 comprises a positioning shaft 311 and a separation rod 312 fixed at the bottom of the positioning shaft 311, and the driving assembly 400 comprises a first rotary driving part 410 for controlling the rotation of the separation rod 312 and the positioning shaft 311 and a first telescopic part 420 for controlling the lifting of the separation rod 312 and the positioning shaft 311 along the vertical axis, and the lifting of the separation rod 312 can move to control the contact or separation of the separation rod 312 with the alloy liquid, and by controlling the rotation of the separation rod 312, the slag is concentrated and collected in the process of controlling the contact of the separation rod 312 with the slag, and the slag is concentrated and collected in the second separation assembly 320.

[0033] The second separation assembly 320 comprises a collection main body 322 and a positioning sleeve 321 for controlling the deflection of the collection main body 322, and the positioning sleeve 321 is coaxially arranged outside the positioning shaft 311, and the driving assembly 400 further comprises a second rotary driving part 430 for controlling the rotation of the positioning sleeve 321 and the collection main body 322 and a second telescopic part 440 for controlling the lifting movement of the positioning sleeve 321 and the collection main body 322; similarly, by controlling the rotation of the collection main body 322, the collection main body 322 can be adjusted to the appropriate position for concentrated collection of the slag, and by controlling the lifting movement of the collection main body 322, the contact or separation of the collection main body 322 with the alloy liquid can be controlled.

[0034] Specifically, the collection main body 322 comprises a storage bottom plate 3221, an arc-shaped baffle 3222 and a straight baffle 3223 are fixed at the upper end of the storage bottom plate 3221, the straight baffle 3223 is located near the positioning sleeve 321, and the arc-shaped baffle 3222 is located away from the positioning sleeve 321, the arc-shaped baffle 3222 is located on a virtual circular line, and the virtual circular line is coaxially arranged with the positioning sleeve 321, and in the process of controlling the deflection of the collection main body 322, the arc-shaped baffle 3222 continuously rotates to form a circular motion.

[0035] The collecting gap is formed between the arc-shaped baffle 3222 and the straight baffle 3223, the length direction of the collecting gap is the radius of the virtual circle, and the collecting gap is located on the first side of the collecting body 322, and the straight baffle 3223 is located on the second side of the collecting body 322.

[0036] When the slag is less on the surface of the alloy liquid, the control separation rod 312 is located on the first side of the collecting body 322, the cross section of the control separation rod 312 is triangular, the triangular slope faces upward, and the smaller angle side is located away from the collecting body 322, and the control separation rod 312 is located in the same height plane as the collecting body 322, at this time, the control separation rod 312 can play a role in guiding flow, and in the process of synchronous directional rotation of the control separation rod 312 and the collecting body 322, the control separation rod 312 can guide the slag on the surface of the alloy liquid, and the slag is guided to the upper end surface of the collecting body 322 to realize continuous collection.

[0037] The liquid outlet opening 3224 is further provided at the bottom of the storage bottom plate 3221, the liquid outlet opening 3224 is an up-down through opening, can guide the alloy liquid, and the liquid alloy liquid can flow into the vacuum furnace 100 through the liquid outlet opening 3224, thereby reducing the loss of the alloy liquid in the slag separation process.

[0038] It should be noted that the above structure also needs to be heated to a high temperature state during slag removal, and is made of a high-temperature resistant material to avoid the alloy liquid from being cooled and solidified due to contact with the alloy liquid at a low temperature.

[0039] The size of the above-mentioned liquid outlet opening 3224 is selected according to the type and state of the slag, for the slag with large viscosity and poor flowability, the opening size and area of the above-mentioned liquid outlet opening 3224 can be designed to be large, so as to facilitate the outflow of the alloy liquid, for the slag with small viscosity and high flowability, the opening size and area of the above-mentioned liquid outlet opening 3224 are designed to be small or not to be provided, so as to avoid the collected slag from re-entering the furnace body.

[0040] The through gap 3225 is provided on the side wall of the straight baffle 3223 and is matched with the separation rod 312, in the process of lifting the control separation rod 312 to a predetermined height and rotating the control separation rod 312 to pass through the through gap 3225, the through gap 3225 can separate the slag remaining on the surface of the separation rod 312, mechanically scrape off the slag on the surface of the separation rod 312, so as to ensure the multiple collection and flow guiding effect of the separation rod 312 on the slag.

[0041] When the slag generated on the surface of the alloy liquid is more, the separation rod 312 is controlled to be located at the bottom of the collection main body 322, in the process of collection, the separation rod 312 is in contact with the slag, the collection main body 322 is located at a predetermined position above the slag, and the integration of the slag is realized in the process of controlling the directional rotation of the separation rod 312, so that the slag in the circular surface is preliminarily and quickly integrated and collected. Then, the collection main body 322 is controlled to descend to a predetermined collection height, and the directional rotation of the separation rod 312 and the collection main body 322 is controlled to realize the concentrated collection of the integrated and collected slag. After the collection of the slag is completed, the separation rod 312 is controlled to ascend to a higher position and is opposite to the through gap 3225, so that the residual slag on the surface of the separation rod 312 is scraped and collected.

[0042] In summary, the separation rod 312 is adjusted to different relative height positions according to different slag removal conditions, and plays different roles. For details, refer to the accompanying drawings. Figure 6 The relative height positions of the separation rod 312 are middle, lower and upper in sequence. When the separation rod 312 is at a higher position relative to the collection main body 322, the separation rod 312 is opposite to the through gap 3225 at this time, the separation rod 312 is controlled to rotate and pass through the through gap 3225, the slag remaining on the surface of the separation rod 312 is scraped by the inner wall of the through gap 3225, and the scraped slag is collected on the upper end of the collection main body 322. When the separation rod 312 is at a middle position and a lower position relative to the collection main body 322, the separation rod 312 is located at a position in front of the collection main body 322 at this time, and the upper end of the separation rod 312 is inclined to play a role of guiding flow, guiding the slag with less amount on the surface of the alloy liquid to the surface of the collection main body 322 to realize efficient collection. When the separation rod 312 is at the lowest position relative to the collection main body 322, the separation rod 312 first contacts the slag with more amount on the surface of the alloy liquid at this time, the separation rod 312 is controlled to rotate one circle to realize the preliminary integration and collection of the alloy liquid, so as to avoid that the thickness of the slag is too large to affect the normal descent of the collection main body 322 to the predetermined height position to realize the continuous collection of the alloy liquid.

[0043] Similarly, when the slag is less, the separation rod 312 can also be controlled to be located at a lower position to first contact the slag on the surface of the alloy liquid, and then the collection main body 322 is controlled to descend to realize the flow collection of the slag. Through the above operation, the integration and collection of the slag can also be realized, and the slag adhered to the bottom of the collection main body 322 is avoided to affect the collection of the subsequent slag.

[0044] The above control and detection process is performed according to the detection element in the furnace body, can be performed by a visual detection element, the positions of the separation rod 312 and the collection main body 322 are observed by the visual detection element, and the height positions and deflection positions of the separation rod 312 and the collection main body 322 are controlled. A height detection element or the like can also be installed for detection control. The above detection control belongs to known content, and will not be described in detail.

[0045] It should be noted that the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 100 is provided with a blowing nozzle 200, which can continuously blow air flow from the edge position of the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 100 to the center position, cooperate with the electromagnetic stirring device, control the directional rotation of the alloy liquid in the vacuum furnace 100 to realize the directional concentration of the slag in the center position of the vacuum furnace 100. Through the above structural design, the size of the positioning shaft 311 and the separation rod 312 can be reduced, and it is not necessary to design a large size to completely cover the inside of the vacuum furnace 100, which reduces the difficulty of the slag separation device 300 controlled by the driving assembly 400, and realizes the efficient concentration and integration of the slag.

[0046] The blowing nozzle 200 can be designed as multiple, which is designed in the circumferential direction around the vertical axis on the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 100. The blowing nozzle 200 can also be set at an angle in the horizontal plane, and the angle direction is the same as the direction of the alloy liquid flow, so as to avoid blowing the slag on the surface of the alloy liquid. The gas blown by the blowing nozzle 200 is inert gas, which will not react with the alloy liquid to generate impurities. At the same time, in order to maintain the vacuum degree in the vacuum furnace 100, the amount and time of gas injection need to be strictly controlled, and it is more suitable to realize the integration and concentration of the slag by pumping the protective gas through the blowing nozzle 200 at the last stage of the alloy liquid.

[0047] It should be further noted that the positioning sleeve 321 and the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 100, and the positioning sleeve 321 and the positioning shaft 311 are all sealed rotary connections, so as to maintain the smelting state in the vacuum furnace 100. A sealed rotary connection is arranged at the rotary connection, which can avoid the gas entering the inside of the vacuum furnace 100 while controlling the rotation of the positioning shaft 311 and the positioning sleeve 321, and maintain the vacuum smelting environment in the vacuum furnace 100.

[0048] In summary, through the above structural design, the slag in the vacuum furnace 100 can be collected multiple times without opening the vacuum furnace 100, the separation rod 312 can be controlled to be at different height positions at different stages, the slag can be efficiently and comprehensively collected, the quality of the alloy liquid can be prevented from being reduced due to the failure to remove the slag, and the vacuum environment in the vacuum furnace 100 can be prevented from being invalidated due to the opening of the vacuum furnace 100, which affects the overall smelting process. In addition, the impurities from the external environment are prevented from entering, and the high-purity quality of the final alloy liquid is ensured.

[0049] Step three: second feeding and second slag removal; add the remaining 30% base material + 50% high melting point material, heat up to 1550℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min (the specific temperature needs to be determined according to the melting point of the high melting point material, which is an example here), and keep the temperature for 1h. Turn on the electromagnetic stirring, and the rotating speed of the electromagnetic stirring is 8r / min, to ensure that the raw materials are completely melted.

[0050] Subsequently, the second batch of slagging agent is added, the slagging agent adsorbs the reaction slag to form a mixed slag layer, and the mixed slag is aggregated to form a dense slag group through the above slag separation device, the size of the above dense slag group is smaller than the size of the collection gap formed between the arc-shaped baffle 3222 and the straight baffle 3223, and the above aggregation process is formed by the continuous rotation of the separation rod 312, and after the formation, the collection main body 322 is controlled to move to a lower position to realize the collection of the slag in cooperation with the continuously rotating separation rod 312; the above collection process can be selected to be carried out in multiple batches according to the amount of slag generated.

[0051] Step four: third feeding and third slag removal; first add the remaining 50% high melting point material, heat to 1600°C, keep for 40 min, and increase the electromagnetic stirring speed to 10 r / min, so that the high melting point material is uniformly dissolved to avoid segregation.

[0052] Subsequently, the temperature is lowered to 1550°C, and the low melting point material is added in multiple times through the vacuum feeding pipe, with an interval of 20 min each time, and the addition amount of each time is ≤1 / 3, so as to reduce the volatilization loss; during the addition of the alloy raw material, slag is also generated in batches, and the slag is also collected in batches through the above slag separation device, and the height position and rotation state of the separation rod 312 and the collection main body 322 in the slag separation device are adjusted according to the amount and thickness of the slag generated, so as to realize efficient collection of slag in different states; the above process is referred to the foregoing, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Step five: pouring and cooling; in the last stage of smelting, the alloy liquid temperature is stabilized at about 1500°C for a certain period of time, after the smelting and heat preservation of the alloy liquid are completed, the smelted alloy liquid is poured through the bottom drainage pipe, or the vacuum furnace 100 is controlled to pour the smelted alloy liquid into a mold preheated to 800°C in a protective atmosphere, and the mold is gradually cooled in the protection range, so as to finally obtain a high-quality nickel-based superalloy ingot.

[0054] In this paper, nickel-based superalloy is taken as an example, and the technical solution is used by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present application, and of course constitutes infringement.

[0055] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Cut the base material, high melting point material and low melting point material of nickel-based high temperature alloy into blocks and clean the surface to remove surface impurities and moisture; S2. Add a portion of the matrix material into a vacuum furnace, heat it to above the melting point, and hold it at that temperature for a predetermined time before adding the first batch of slag-forming agent. Then, use a slag separation device to perform the first slag removal. S3. Add the remaining matrix material and some high-melting-point material into the vacuum furnace, turn on the electromagnetic stirring to ensure that the raw materials are completely melted; then add the second batch of slag-forming agent, and after a predetermined time, use a slag separation device to remove slag for the second time. S4. Add the remaining high-melting-point material, increase the electromagnetic stirring speed, and after the high-melting-point material is uniformly dissolved, add the low-melting-point material and slag-forming agent in multiple batches, and use a slag separation device to remove slag in batches. The above-mentioned slag separation equipment includes a slag separation device (300) and a drive assembly (400) for moving the slag separation device (300). The slag separation device (300) includes a first separation assembly (310) and a second separation assembly (320). The first separation assembly (310) includes a positioning shaft (311) and a separation rod (312) fixed at the bottom of the positioning shaft (311). The separation rod (312) has a triangular cross section. The separation rod (312) and the second separation assembly (320) are controlled to descend to a predetermined position and rotate in a directional manner. The slag is guided into the second separation assembly (320) for collection through the separation rod (312). The second separation component (320) includes a collection body (322) and a positioning sleeve (321) for controlling the deflection of the collection body (322). The collection body (322) includes a storage base plate (3221). An arc-shaped baffle (3222) and a straight baffle (3223) are fixed at the upper end of the storage base plate (3221). The straight baffle (3223) is located on the side closer to the positioning sleeve (321), and the arc-shaped baffle (3222) is located on the side away from the positioning sleeve (321). A collection gap is formed between the arc-shaped baffle (3222) and the straight baffle (3223). When there is less slag on the surface of the molten alloy, the collection notch is located on the first side of the collection body (322), the straight baffle (3223) is located on the second side of the collection body (322), the separation rod (312) is controlled to be located on the first side of the collection body (322), and the separation rod (312) and the collection body (322) are controlled to be located in the same height plane. Then, the separation rod (312) and the collection body (322) are controlled to rotate synchronously to achieve centralized collection of slag. When there is a lot of slag on the surface of the alloy liquid, the separation rod (312) is located at the bottom of the collection body (322) and contacts the slag. The separation rod (312) is rotated in an directional manner to integrate the slag. Then the collection body (322) is lowered to a predetermined height and level with the separation rod (312). The separation rod (312) and the collection body (322) are rotated in an directional manner to achieve centralized collection of the integrated slag.

2. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the linear baffle (3223) has a through notch (3225) that is compatible with the separating rod (312). After the slag is collected, the separating rod (312) is raised to a higher position and passes through the through notch (3225) to scrape and collect the residual slag on the surface of the separating rod (312).

3. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning sleeve (321) is sleeved on the outside of the positioning shaft (311) and the two are arranged on the same axis. The drive assembly (400) includes a first rotary drive (410) that controls the rotation of the separation rod (312) and the positioning shaft (311) and a first telescopic member (420) that controls the separation rod (312) and the positioning shaft (311) to move up and down along the vertical axis. The drive assembly (400) also includes a second rotary drive (430) that controls the rotation of the positioning sleeve (321) and the collecting body (322) and a second telescopic member (440) that controls the up and down movement of the positioning sleeve (321) and the collecting body (322).

4. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped baffle (3222) is located on a virtual circumference, which is coaxial with the positioning sleeve (321).

5. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage base plate (3221) has a drain opening (3224) at the bottom. The drain opening (3224) is an opening that runs through the top and bottom. Liquid alloy liquid flows through the drain opening (3224) into the vacuum furnace (100).

6. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum furnace (100) is equipped with an air nozzle (200) on its inner wall. The air nozzle (200) continuously blows air from the edge of the inner wall of the vacuum furnace (100) toward the center. In conjunction with the electromagnetic stirring device, the alloy liquid in the vacuum furnace (100) is controlled to drive the slag to deflect in a specific direction, and the slag is controlled to concentrate at the center of the vacuum furnace (100).

7. The vacuum smelting process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple air nozzles (200) are designed circumferentially around the vertical axis. The air nozzles (200) are set at an angle in the horizontal plane, and the direction of the angle is the same as the direction of the alloy liquid flow.

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