A reinforcing device for a slope with a weak interlayer and a method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of soft interlayer containing slope reinforcement device and method thereof, belong to geotechnical engineering slope reinforcement technical field, including retaining wall and anchor cable, unit is equipped with supplementary plate and is elastically connected, there is water storage component in the side of slope near retaining wall, water tank is arranged at the top of retaining wall, there is water suction component extending to the slope in retaining wall, push component contains connecting barrel, connecting ring, outer ring, flexible pad, bellows, pump body is connected with water suction pipe through three-way pipe in water tank place drainage underground main pipe;The application realizes supporting, anchoring and drainage cooperation by integrating modular multiple retaining wall units, prestressed anchor cable and deep drainage system, overcomes the poor synergy of traditional measures. The setting of water suction component, the active suction of pump body, efficient reduction of pore water pressure, solves the problem of passive inefficiency of traditional gravity drainage. Spring supplementary plate between retaining wall units can elastically adapt to uneven deformation of slope, realize stress redistribution, and its displacement can be monitored and early warned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope reinforcement technology in geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a device and method for reinforcing slopes containing weak interlayers. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy, hydropower and transportation engineering construction, slopes with weak interlayers are a common major safety hazard. Weak interlayers have low strength and are easy to soften, often forming controlling slip surfaces, and their treatment is a key challenge in slope engineering.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly employs a combination of measures such as anti-slide piles, prestressed anchor cables, retaining walls, and drainage holes for reinforcement. However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings: First, various reinforcement methods (such as retaining, anchoring, and drainage) are often designed and constructed independently, resulting in poor coordination and limited treatment effectiveness. Second, traditional drainage methods are passive and inefficient, making it difficult to actively control pore water pressure in key areas of weak interlayers. Furthermore, rigid support structures struggle to adapt to uneven deformation of slopes caused by environmental influences, easily leading to stress concentration and localized damage. In addition, existing safety monitoring relies heavily on expensive and precise instruments, resulting in high costs, limited coverage, and a lack of effective, low-cost, visualized, and distributed early warning methods for large-scale slope stress states. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of poor coordination of reinforcement measures, low drainage efficiency, inability to adapt to uneven deformation and lack of effective early warning means in the prior art, and to propose a slope reinforcement device and method with weak interlayer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A slope reinforcement device with a weak interlayer includes a retaining wall and anchor cables. The retaining wall includes multiple retaining wall units, and supplementary plates are provided between the retaining wall units. The supplementary plates are elastically connected to the retaining wall.

[0007] A water storage component is provided on the side of the slope near the retaining wall. The water storage component includes a main drainage pipe and permeable branch pipes. A water tank is provided on the top of the retaining wall.

[0008] The retaining wall is provided with a water-absorbing component extending into the slope; the water-absorbing component includes a water-absorbing pipe, a pushing component inside the water-absorbing pipe, a water-absorbing hole on the water-absorbing pipe, and a retaining ring and a retaining block inside the water-absorbing pipe; the pushing component includes a connecting cylinder, a connecting ring and an outer ring on the outside of the connecting cylinder, and an upper notch on the top of the outer ring; a flexible pad is provided on the side of the connecting ring away from the connecting cylinder; a corrugated pipe is provided on the side of the connecting cylinder away from the flexible pad, and a push rod is provided in the middle of the corrugated pipe;

[0009] A pump body is installed at the water tank, and the pump body is connected to the main drainage pipe and the suction pipe respectively through a three-way pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, the retaining wall is provided with connecting rods on its side, and a connecting assembly is provided between two adjacent connecting rods; the connecting assembly is used to connect multiple retaining wall units to each other; the connecting assembly includes a threaded joint and a nut joint, which are respectively sleeved on two adjacent connecting rods, and the threaded joint and the nut joint are respectively provided with an external thread extension post and an internal thread groove on their respective sides; the front side of the retaining wall has an opening, and the inside of the opening has a through-hole that runs through the inside and outside, the through-hole corresponding to the position of the anchor cable, and the end of the anchor cable away from the slope is located inside the opening.

[0011] In some embodiments, the supplementary plate has a through slot in the middle with both sides, and a first spring is provided on one side of the slot, with one end of the first spring fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0012] In some embodiments, the permeable branch pipe directs the collected water into a water tank; the top of the water tank is provided with a drain pipe for discharging the water from the tank.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first filter layer is provided at the top of the end of the slope near the retaining wall, and the first filter layer is laid at the position corresponding to the water storage component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the suction pipe includes a top section, a suction section, and a movable section with the same inner diameter; a second filter layer is provided on the suction section at a position corresponding to the suction hole; one end of the movable section away from the suction section is located inside the opening; the pushing component is located inside the suction pipe; the suction section has suction holes corresponding to the weak interlayer; a retaining ring is provided inside the movable section, and a retaining block is provided on the inner side of the top section.

[0015] In some embodiments, a limiting plate is provided on the inner side of the connecting cylinder, and a limiting hole is provided in the middle of the limiting plate; one end of the push rod passes through the limiting hole and is fixedly connected to the flexible pad; a push plate is provided between the push rod and the flexible pad; the inner diameter of the retaining ring is larger than that of the connecting cylinder; a positioning hole is provided on the retaining ring, and a limiting shaft corresponding to the positioning hole is provided on one side of the connecting ring; a second spring is provided between the limiting plate and the push plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the water absorption section is located corresponding to the weak interlayer area, and a humidity sensor is provided on the water absorption section; a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively provided inside the main drainage pipe and the water absorption pipe, the first pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value in the main drainage pipe, and the second pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value in the water absorption pipe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the retaining wall is provided with a grid frame on top for planting grass and greening.

[0018] The reinforcement method for a slope with a weak interlayer reinforcement device, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Investigate the internal geological structure of the slope to accurately determine the location, thickness, dip angle of the weak interlayer and the hard layer area; based on the investigation results, design the layout and parameters of the retaining wall unit, anchor cable and water absorption component.

[0020] S2, along the slope toe or slope surface, lay and pour multiple retaining wall units in sequence; fix adjacent retaining wall units together with connecting rods and connecting components to form an integral support structure; install supplementary plates in the gaps between adjacent retaining wall units, so that the slots in the supplementary plates fit onto the connecting rods, and ensure that the first spring provides the initial preload.

[0021] S3, through the opening on the front side of the retaining wall, drill anchor cable holes towards the weak interlayer and hard layer inside the slope; insert the anchor cable and grouting pipe together into the borehole, and use the anchor plug to initially fix the end of the anchor cable in the stable rock mass; perform pressure grouting through the grouting pipe to fill the borehole with cement grout, and after the grout solidifies, a solid anchor body is formed.

[0022] S4. Lay a main drainage pipe and permeable branch pipes arranged in a fishbone pattern at the top of the slope, and cover them with a composite filter material layer to form the first filter layer; drill installation holes into the weak interlayer area inside the slope through the opening in the retaining wall, insert water suction pipes, ensure that the water suction section corresponds precisely to the position of the weak interlayer, and install the second filter layer; connect the main drainage pipe and water suction pipes to the pump body and water tank through control valves respectively to form a complete negative pressure drainage network; start the pump body, and switch the control valves according to the monitored humidity and pressure sensor data to alternately or synchronously implement active negative pressure drainage to the top of the slope and the weak interlayer;

[0023] S5. Regularly observe and record the displacement of each supplementary plate relative to the retaining wall to identify stress concentration areas on the slope. When abnormal displacement or decreased drainage efficiency is found in a specific area, conduct a focused inspection of that area. Activate the self-cleaning program of the water suction component: switch the pump body to pressurization mode and use air pressure to push the push component to remove accumulated impurities in the water suction section and restore its permeability. Based on the monitoring results, take targeted reinforcement measures such as installing additional anchor bolts and deepening drainage in stress concentration areas.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a slope reinforcement device and method with weak interlayers, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0025] 1. This invention integrates modular retaining wall units, prestressed anchor cables, and a deep drainage system into a single unit, achieving coordinated operation of retaining, anchoring, and drainage. The retaining wall units are connected by connecting rods and components to form a whole, significantly improving the overall integrity and stability of the structure and overcoming the drawbacks of traditional measures that operate independently and have poor coordination.

[0026] 2. This invention, by setting up a water-absorbing component corresponding to the location of the weak interlayer and using a pump to actively pump water from the slope, especially from the weak interlayer, can efficiently and actively reduce pore water pressure, fundamentally improving the mechanical properties of the weak interlayer. It can be used to solve the problem of passive and inefficient traditional gravity drainage.

[0027] 3. This invention, by incorporating spring-loaded supplementary plates between retaining wall units, enables the structure to adapt to uneven slope deformation through elastic deformation, achieving stress redistribution and preventing localized damage caused by stress concentration. Simultaneously, the displacement of the supplementary plates serves as a direct visual indicator, enabling distributed, low-cost monitoring and early warning of slope stress states. The modular retaining wall unit design allows for flexible adaptation to slope contours, including complex terrain such as corners, improving construction convenience and site adaptability.

[0028] 4. By designing a built-in push component, this invention can automatically clean the impurities accumulated in the water suction section using air pressure difference without stopping the system, which can effectively prevent blockage and ensure the long-term effective operation and maintainability of the deep drainage system.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be learned from practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall and supplementary plate of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the supplementary plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of region A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the water storage component of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the underground drainage main pipe and the permeable branch pipe of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water-absorbing component of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the main drainage pipe and the suction pipe of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water absorption section of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of region B in the middle.

[0041] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified structural diagram of region C.

[0042] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-section of the stop block and the top section of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-section of the push component of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 14 A magnified structural diagram of region D in the middle.

[0045] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall unit of the present invention adapted to the corner of the slope.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1. Retaining wall; 101. Grid frame; 102. Opening; 2. Anchor cable; 3. Connecting rod; 301. Threaded joint; 302. Nut joint; 303. External thread extension column; 304. Internal thread groove; 305. Supplementary plate; 306. Slot; 307. First spring; 5. Water storage assembly; 501. Water tank; 5011. Drainage pipe; 502. Main drainage pipe; 503. Permeable branch pipe; 504. First filter layer; 6. Water absorption assembly; 601. Water absorption pipe; 6011. Top section; 6012. Stop block; 602. Water absorption section; 6021. Water absorption hole; 6022, Second filter layer; 603, Moving section; 6031, Retaining ring; 6032, Positioning hole; 604, Connecting pipe; 6041, Airflow valve; 6042, Water storage area; 6043, Connecting interface; 605, Connecting pipe; 6051, Control valve; 7, Pushing assembly; 701, Connecting cylinder; 7011, Limiting plate; 7012, Limiting hole; 702, Connecting ring; 7021, Limiting shaft; 703, Outer ring; 7031, Upper notch; 704, Flexible pad; 705, Bellows; 7051, Push rod; 7052, Push plate; 7053, Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 16 A slope reinforcement device with a weak interlayer includes a retaining wall 1 and anchor cables 2. The retaining wall 1 is located on one side of the slope and is used to reinforce and support the slope. A grid frame 101 can be installed on the top of the retaining wall 1 for planting grass and greening.

[0050] There are multiple retaining walls 1, which are multiple retaining wall 1 units; the side of the retaining wall 1 is provided with connecting rods 3, and a connecting component is provided between two adjacent connecting rods 3. The connecting component is used to connect the multiple retaining wall 1 units to each other.

[0051] As an example, the connecting assembly includes a threaded connector 301 and a nut connector 302. The threaded connector 301 and the nut connector 302 are respectively sleeved on two adjacent connecting rods 3. The threaded connector 301 and the nut connector 302 are respectively provided with an external thread extension post 303 and an internal thread groove 304 on the side of the threaded connector 301 and the nut connector 302 that are close to each other.

[0052] A supplementary plate 305 is provided between two adjacent retaining wall units 1; a slot 306 with both sides through is provided in the middle of the supplementary plate 305, and a first spring 307 is provided on one side of the slot 306, and one end of the first spring 307 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 3.

[0053] A water storage component 5 is provided on the top of the side of the slope closest to the retaining wall 1. The water storage component 5 is inclined downward to the retaining wall 1 to absorb water in the slope. The water storage component 5 includes a drainage main pipe 502 and a permeable branch pipe 503. A water tank 501 is provided on the top of the retaining wall 1. The permeable branch pipe 503 guides the collected water into the water tank 501. A drainage pipe 5011 is provided on the top of the water tank 501.

[0054] A pump is also installed at water tank 501 to actively draw water from the slope through permeable branch pipe 503. A humidity sensor is installed on the outside of the drainage main pipe 502 to detect the water content near the slope water storage component 5.

[0055] An opening 102 is provided on the front side of the retaining wall 1. An internal through-hole is provided inside the opening 102, which corresponds to the position of the anchor cable 2. The end of the anchor cable 2 away from the slope is located inside the opening 102. A first filter layer 504 is provided at the top of the end of the slope near the retaining wall 1. The first filter layer 504 is laid at the position corresponding to the water storage component 5.

[0056] The retaining wall 1 is provided with a water-absorbing component 6 extending into the slope; the water-absorbing component 6 includes a water-absorbing pipe 601, which includes a top section 6011, a water-absorbing section 602 and a movable section 603; the end of the movable section 603 away from the water-absorbing section 602 is located inside the opening 102.

[0057] The suction pipe 601 is equipped with a pusher component 7; the suction section 602 is provided with a suction hole 6021, and a second filter layer 6022 is provided on the suction section 602 at a position corresponding to the suction hole 6021. The second filter layer 6022 has the same structure as the first filter layer 504; the movable section 603 is provided with a retaining ring 6031, and the top section 6011 is provided with a stop block 6012 on its inner side.

[0058] The pushing component 7 includes a connecting cylinder 701, a connecting ring 702 is provided around the connecting cylinder 701, an outer ring 703 is provided on the outer side of the connecting ring 702, and an upper notch 7031 is provided at the top of the outer ring 703; a flexible pad 704 is provided on the side of the connecting ring 702 away from the connecting cylinder 701; a bellows 705 is provided on the side of the connecting cylinder 701 away from the flexible pad 704, and a push rod 7051 is provided in the middle of the bellows 705.

[0059] The inner side of the connecting cylinder 701 is provided with a limiting plate 7011. A limiting hole 7012 is opened in the middle of the limiting plate 7011. The limiting hole 7012 of the limiting plate 7011 provides a limit for the push rod 7051, so that the bellows 705 is kept in the middle of the moving section 603, reducing the contact with the inner wall of the moving section 603, while ensuring that the bellows 705 can pass through the retaining ring 6031.

[0060] One end of the push rod 7051 passes through the limiting hole 7012 and is fixedly connected to the flexible pad 704. A push plate 7052 is provided between the push rod 7051 and the flexible pad 704.

[0061] The inner diameter of the retaining ring 6031 is larger than that of the connecting cylinder 701. A positioning hole 6032 is provided on the retaining ring 6031. A limiting shaft 7021, corresponding to and cooperating with the positioning hole 6032, is provided on one side of the connecting ring 702. The length of the limiting shaft 7021 is greater than the distance between the retaining ring 6031 and the stop block 6012. A second spring 7053 is provided between the limiting plate 7011 and the push plate 7052.

[0062] The water absorption section 602 is located in the weak interlayer area, and a humidity sensor is installed on the outside of the water absorption section 602 to detect the water content near the water absorption section 602.

[0063] The drain main pipe 502 and the water suction pipe 601 are respectively equipped with a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value in the drain main pipe 502, and the second pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value in the water suction pipe 601.

[0064] Depending on the usage requirements, flow sensors can be installed inside the main drainage pipe 502 and the suction pipe 601 to directly detect the internal drainage efficiency, detect the water flow, and determine whether there is an internal blockage.

[0065] In this invention, the internal structure of the slope requiring reinforcement is first examined to identify the weak interlayer and hard layer areas. A retaining wall 1 is then laid and cast along one side of the slope, ensuring it adheres to the slope and provides continuous support. Through the through-hole 102, a borehole is drilled from the outside of the slope towards the weak interlayer. After reaching the hard layer area, anchor cables 2 and grouting pipes are inserted into the corresponding boreholes within the slope. One end of the anchor cable 2 is fixed inside the borehole with an anchor plug. Cement grout is then injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe, filling the entire borehole, especially the anchor plug section. After the grout solidifies, the anchor plug section of the anchor cable 2 is firmly bonded to the surrounding stable rock mass. This method allows for the installation of multiple anchor cables 2 on multiple retaining walls 1, thereby enhancing the slope reinforcement capacity.

[0066] Furthermore, multiple retaining walls 1 are fixedly connected by connecting components. The connecting components are used to connect multiple retaining walls 1 into a whole. After multiple retaining walls 1 are connected to each other, they can provide mutual support. At the same time, the protection area of ​​the slope is increased through multiple retaining wall 1 units with an integral structure.

[0067] Multiple retaining wall units can effectively cover the corners of slopes and provide targeted support at the corners.

[0068] By setting a supplementary plate 305 between two adjacent retaining walls 1, the supplementary plate 305 can be used to supplement the space between the two adjacent retaining walls 1. Specifically, when the retaining wall 1 is laid, poured and fixed, a supplementary plate 305 is added between the two retaining walls 1 according to the use needs. The slot 306 of the supplementary plate 305 serves as the movable space of the connecting rod 3. The first spring 307 makes the connecting rod 3 and the supplementary plate 305 elastic, providing strong elastic support for the slope inside the supplementary plate 305.

[0069] In use, the retaining wall 1 and the supplementary plate 305 provide comprehensive support for the slope side. However, the slope has the characteristic of uneven deformation. Affected by the protected environment, such as when it rains, only a few areas may be softened and their strength reduced. The thrust of the retaining wall 1 and the supplementary plate 305 on the slope side will no longer be uniform. Some areas of the retaining wall 1 unit will bear pressure far exceeding the design value, while the pressure in other areas will be reduced, resulting in structural damage at weak points. To address this, a supplementary plate 305 is used between two adjacent retaining wall units 1 as a stress relief plate. Specifically, when the slope corresponding to the supplementary plate 305 faces special weather conditions, such as rain or freezing temperatures, the stress on the retaining wall 1 can be transferred to the supplementary plate 305. Subsequently, the stress on the supplementary plate 305, under the limiting effect of the two retaining walls 1, causes the supplementary plate 305 to move outward, compressing the first spring 307 and achieving active stress adjustment. Regular manual inspections are conducted to observe the outward movement distance of the supplementary plate 305, allowing for a visual and intuitive check of the stress values ​​between various parts of the slope and the retaining walls 1 and supplementary plate 305. Concentrated maintenance is then carried out on the retaining walls 1 and supplementary plate 305 in areas of significant stress concentration to identify the causes and prevent greater economic losses and safety hazards.

[0070] To reduce the impact of rainwater on the slope and extend the service life of the slope reinforcement device, water is discharged from the top layer of the slope through the water storage component 5. The horizontal height of the drainage main pipe 502 is lower than that of the permeable branch pipes 503. The drainage main pipe 502 and multiple permeable branch pipes 503 are arranged in a fishbone shape. The ends of the multiple permeable branch pipes 503 that are away from the drainage main pipe 502 extend outward to increase the coverage of the permeable branch pipes 503 on the top layer of the slope.

[0071] The two sets of permeable branch pipes 503 in the two adjacent water storage components 5 are staggered to reduce the blind spots of slope permeability and improve the uniformity of the distribution of permeable branch pipes 503.

[0072] The first filter layer 504 provides a certain support for the water storage component 5. The first filter layer 504 is a composite filter material layer, which includes a gravel layer, a coarse sand layer and a fine sand layer from the inside to the outside, and is used for graded filtration of water in the slope.

[0073] A water tank 501 is provided on the top of the retaining wall 1. The water tank 501 is used to receive water that is guided outward from the inside of the slope by the permeable branch pipe 503 and the drainage main pipe 502. Furthermore, the drainage pipe 5011 on the top of the water tank 501 is used to guide the water in the water tank 501 outward and discharge it. A pump body is provided at the bottom of the water tank 501, and the outlet of the pump body corresponds to the inlet of the water tank 501.

[0074] The pump body is connected to the main drainage pipe 502 and the connecting pipe 605 via a three-way pipe. Control valves 6051 are respectively installed on the main drainage pipe 502 and the connecting pipe 605.

[0075] The control valve 6051 on the drainage main pipe 502 is used to control the connection between the pump body and the drainage main pipe 502. After the control valve 6051 on the drainage main pipe 502 is opened, the pump body, in conjunction with the first pressure sensor inside the drainage main pipe 502, maintains a preset negative pressure inside the drainage main pipe 502. The negative pressure improves the efficiency of the drainage main pipe 502 and the permeable branch pipe 503 in attracting and collecting water from the inside of the slope.

[0076] Inside the opening 102, a water suction assembly 6 is provided. The water suction section 602 of the water suction assembly 6 corresponds to the position of the weak interlayer. A humidity sensor or other sensor for detecting the water content in the weak interlayer is provided on the water suction section 602 to detect whether water accumulates in the area of ​​the water suction section 602. When water accumulation is detected in the area of ​​the water suction section 602, the connection between the T-connector and the main drainage pipe 502 is disconnected, while the pump body is maintained in connection with the connecting pipe 605 and the suction pipe 601 through the T-connector. At this time, the pump body draws outward, creating a negative pressure in the suction pipe 601. The negative pressure in the suction pipe 601 is used to improve the efficiency of water in the weak interlayer entering the water suction section 602 through the water suction hole 6021.

[0077] The suction pipe 601 and the anchor cable 2 are longitudinally staggered.

[0078] However, when the negative pressure inside the suction pipe 601 draws the water from the weak interlayer into the suction pipe 601, in addition to the water, small impurities will also pass through the second filter layer 6022 and the suction hole 6021 and enter the suction section 602. In order to clean the water inside the suction section 602 in time and avoid the accumulation and blockage of impurities in the suction section 602,

[0079] When in use, a through hole is provided in the middle of the opening 102. This hole is used to insert the water suction pipe 601 into the interior of the slope from one side. A bottom-down hole is provided at the inner end of the hole for the installation of the connecting pipe 604.

[0080] Based on the detection of the internal structure of the slope, the water suction pipe 601 is extended into the interior of the slope, so that the water suction section 602 corresponds to the weak interlayer. Then, corresponding to the position of the top section 6011, the connecting pipe 604 is extended downward. The top section 6011 has a through notch for connecting with the connecting pipe 604. At the bottom of the connecting pipe 604, corresponding to the position of the top section 6011, there is a connecting interface 6043. The bottom of the connecting pipe 604 is set as a water storage area 6042, and the top of the connecting pipe 604 is equipped with an airflow valve 6041.

[0081] In the initial state of use, the outer ring 703 is close to one side of the retaining ring 6031, the bellows 705 passes through the middle of the retaining ring 6031, the pump body is connected to the connecting pipe 605 and the suction pipe 601, and is closed to the drainage main pipe 502. At the same time, the airflow valve 6041 at the top of the connecting pipe 604 is closed. The pump body is started, which continuously generates negative pressure in the suction pipe 601. Under the suction of the negative pressure in the suction pipe 601, the water in the weak interlayer quickly passes through the second filter layer 6022 and enters the suction section 602. During this process, the bellows 705 remains stretched. After passing through the second filter layer 6022, the gas and water in the weak interlayer pass through the suction hole 6021, the upper notch 7031 and the retaining ring 6031 in sequence. The pump body, in conjunction with the negative pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor inside the suction pipe 601, maintains the negative pressure in the suction pipe 601, thus maintaining the efficiency of water collection from the weak interlayer into the suction pipe 601.

[0082] As one of the conditions for removing water and impurities from the suction section 602, such as after reaching a preset negative pressure duration, the process of removing water and impurities from the suction section 602 is initiated; the airflow valve 6041 is opened, and the pump body is a bidirectional pump. By changing the direction of the pump body, external gas is supplied into the suction pipe 601. The gas continuously passes through the upper notch 7031 and is discharged upward through the connecting pipe 604. During this process, the upper notch 7031 cannot meet the air supply volume of the pump body into the suction pipe 601. Therefore, the air pressure in the movable section 603 is used to push the connecting ring 702 and the outer ring 703 towards the top section 6011. During the movement, the outer ring 703 and the flexible pad 704 push the water and impurities in the suction section 602 forward. Upon contact, the air pressure in the direction of the moving section 603 continues to push one end of the bellows 705 forward, causing the bellows 705 to contract. The bellows 705 fills the top section 6011, preventing the gas from passing through the bellows 705 forward. This results in the gas pressure in the direction of the moving section 603 increasing. As the internal air pressure of the moving section 603 increases, the gas inside the bellows 705 is pushed forward. The push rod 7051 pushes the flexible pad 704 forward during the continuous contraction of the bellows 705. The push plate 7052 pushes the flexible pad 704 forward, pushing the water and impurities located in front of the flexible pad 704 forward. The water and impurities fall into the water storage area 6042 after passing through the interface 6043, thus completing the cleaning of the water and impurities in the water suction section 602 and preventing impurities from caking inside the water suction section 602.

[0083] As needed, a displacement sensor can be installed at the bottom of the outer ring 703. The displacement sensor detects the movement distance of the outer ring 703 within the suction pipe 601. If the distance between the retaining ring 6031 and the stop block 6012 is sufficient, it indicates that the water and impurities in the suction section 602 have been completely removed. If the forward movement distance of the outer ring 703 is less than the distance between the retaining ring 6031 and the stop block 6012, it is automatically determined that the impurities accumulated in the connecting ring 702 are accumulating more and more as the outer ring 703 and the flexible pad 704 move forward. In this case, the pump body is kept pointing towards the suction pipe 601. The pump pressurizes the water pipe 705 by using the gas pressure in the direction of the movable section 603. The bellows 705 moves further towards the flexible pad 704. As the flexible pad 704 pushes the water and impurities forward, the second spring 7053 is stretched. As the pump body continues to pressurize the water pipe 601, it pushes the bellows 705 and the outer ring 703, which are in a contracted state, to continue moving forward until the displacement sensor detects that the distance the outer ring 703 has moved forward has reached the distance between the retaining ring 6031 and the stop block 6012. This indicates that the cleaning of the water and impurities in the water suction section 602 is complete.

[0084] The upper notch 7031 is located at the top of the outer ring 703 to avoid or reduce contact with water or impurities in the water absorption section 602; the airflow valve 6041 at the top of the connecting pipe 604 can control the flow direction of the internal and external gases when they pass through, and can be used in conjunction with the second pressure sensor in the water absorption pipe 601 to control the negative pressure value in the water absorption pipe 601, so as to balance and maintain the pressure in the water absorption pipe 601.

[0085] After cleaning the water and impurities in the suction section 602, the pump body is switched again to allow the gas in the suction pipe 601 to be discharged towards the pump body. The three-way pipe and the main drainage pipe 502 remain closed, while the airflow valve 6041 at the top of the connecting pipe 604 remains open. The gas in the suction pipe 601 is discharged towards the pump body through the pump body. First, the gas inside the bellows 705 near the flexible pad 704 is drawn into the bellows 705. At the same time, the bellows 705 unfolds, releasing the seal of the top section 6011. The gas in the connecting pipe 604 can only enter the suction pipe 601 through the upper notch 7031. The pump body continuously discharges the gas in the suction pipe 601, and the negative pressure in the suction pipe 601 increases. The negative pressure in the suction pipe 601 is used to attract the outer ring 703 to slide back and reset, completing a set of cleaning procedures for the water and impurities in the suction section 602.

[0086] In addition, by controlling the switching of the two control valves 6051 on the three-way pipe, the pump body can intermittently control the negative pressure state in the suction pipe 601 and the drainage main pipe 502.

[0087] This invention also discloses a method for reinforcing a slope with a weak interlayer reinforcement device, comprising the following steps:

[0088] S1. Investigate the internal geological structure of the slope to accurately determine the location, thickness, dip angle of the weak interlayer and the hard layer area; based on the investigation results, design the layout and parameters of retaining wall unit 1, anchor cable 2 and water absorption component 6.

[0089] S2, along the slope toe or slope surface, lay and pour multiple retaining wall 1 units in sequence; fix adjacent retaining wall 1 units together with connecting rods 3 and connecting components to form an integral support structure; install supplementary plates 305 in the gaps between adjacent retaining wall 1 units, so that the slots 306 in the supplementary plates 305 are fitted onto the connecting rods, and ensure that the first spring 307 provides the initial preload;

[0090] S3, through the opening 102 on the front side of the retaining wall 1, drill anchor cable holes towards the soft interlayer and hard layer inside the slope; insert the anchor cable 2 and the grouting pipe into the borehole together, and use the anchor plug to initially fix the end of the anchor cable 2 into the stable rock mass; perform pressure grouting through the grouting pipe to fill the borehole with cement grout, and after the grout solidifies, a solid anchor body is formed.

[0091] S4. Lay a main drainage pipe 502 and permeable branch pipes 503 arranged in a fishbone pattern at the top of the slope, and cover it with a composite filter material layer to form a first filter layer 504; through the opening on the retaining wall 1, drill installation holes into the weak interlayer area inside the slope, insert a suction pipe 601, ensure that its suction section 602 is precisely aligned with the position of the weak interlayer, and install a second filter layer 6022; connect the main drainage pipe 502 and the suction pipe 601 to the pump body and water tank respectively through the control valve 6051 to form a complete negative pressure drainage network; start the pump body, and switch the control valve 6051 according to the monitored humidity and pressure sensor data to alternately or synchronously implement active negative pressure drainage to the top of the slope and the weak interlayer;

[0092] S5. Regularly observe and record the displacement of each supplementary plate 305 relative to the retaining wall 1 to identify stress concentration areas on the slope. When abnormal displacement or decreased drainage efficiency is found in a specific area, conduct a focused inspection of that area. Activate the self-cleaning program of the suction component 6: switch the pump body to pressurization mode and use air pressure to push the push component 7 to remove accumulated impurities in the suction section 602 and restore its permeability. Based on the monitoring results, take targeted reinforcement measures such as installing additional anchor bolts and deepening drainage in the stress concentration areas.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0094] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A slope reinforcement device with a weak interlayer, comprising a retaining wall (1) and anchor cables (2), characterized in that, The retaining wall (1) includes multiple retaining wall (1) units, and supplementary plates (305) are provided between the retaining wall (1) units. The supplementary plates (305) are elastically connected to the retaining wall (1). The slope is provided with a water storage component (5) on the side near the retaining wall (1). The water storage component (5) includes a drainage main pipe (502) and a permeable branch pipe (503). A water tank (501) is provided on the top of the retaining wall (1). The retaining wall (1) is provided with a water-absorbing component (6) extending into the slope; the water-absorbing component (6) includes a water-absorbing pipe (601), a pushing component (7) is provided inside the water-absorbing pipe (601), a water-absorbing hole (6021) is provided on the water-absorbing pipe (601), and a retaining ring (6031) and a retaining block (6012) are provided inside the water-absorbing pipe (601); the pushing component (7) includes a connecting cylinder (701), a connecting ring (702) and an outer ring (703) are provided on the outside of the connecting cylinder (701), and an upper notch (7031) is provided at the top of the outer ring (703); a flexible pad (704) is provided on the side of the connecting ring (702) away from the connecting cylinder (701); a corrugated pipe (705) is provided on the side of the connecting cylinder (701) away from the flexible pad (704), and a push rod (7051) is provided in the middle of the corrugated pipe (705); A pump body is provided at the water tank (501), and the pump body is connected to the main drainage pipe (502) and the suction pipe (601) respectively through a three-way pipe; The supplementary plate (305) has a slot (306) that runs through both sides in the middle. A first spring (307) is provided on one side of the slot (306). One end of the first spring (307) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (3). The inner side of the connecting cylinder (701) is provided with a limiting plate (7011), and a limiting hole (7012) is opened in the middle of the limiting plate (7011); one end of the push rod (7051) passes through the limiting hole (7012) and is fixedly connected to the flexible pad (704); a push plate (7052) is provided between the push rod (7051) and the flexible pad (704); the inner diameter of the retaining ring (6031) is larger than that of the connecting cylinder (701); a positioning hole (6032) is opened on the retaining ring (6031), and a limiting shaft (7021) corresponding to the positioning hole (6032) is opened on one side of the connecting ring (702); a second spring (7053) is provided between the limiting plate (7011) and the push plate (7052).

2. The slope reinforcement device with weak interlayer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall (1) is provided with connecting rods (3) on its side, and a connecting component is provided between two adjacent connecting rods (3); the connecting component is used to connect multiple retaining wall (1) units to each other; the connecting component includes a threaded joint (301) and a nut joint (302), the threaded joint (301) and the nut joint (302) are respectively sleeved on two adjacent connecting rods (3), and the threaded joint (301) and the nut joint (302) are respectively provided with an external thread extension post (303) and an internal thread groove (304) on the side close to each other; the front side of the retaining wall (1) is provided with an opening (102), and the inside of the opening (102) is provided with a through opening that is connected inside and outside, the through opening corresponds to the position of the anchor cable (2), and the end of the anchor cable (2) away from the slope is located inside the opening (102).

3. The slope reinforcement device with weak interlayer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The permeable branch pipe (503) guides the collected water into the water tank (501); the top of the water tank (501) is provided with a drain pipe (5011) for discharging the water in the water tank (501) outward.

4. The slope reinforcement device with weak interlayer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the slope near the retaining wall (1) is provided with a first filter layer (504), which is laid at the position corresponding to the water storage component (5).

5. A slope reinforcement device with a weak interlayer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water suction pipe (601) includes a top section (6011), a water suction section (602), and a movable section (603) with the same inner diameter; a second filter layer (6022) is provided on the water suction section (602) at a position corresponding to the water suction hole (6021); one end of the movable section (603) away from the water suction section (602) is located inside the opening (102); the pushing component (7) is located inside the water suction pipe (601); the water suction section (602) is provided with a water suction hole (6021) corresponding to the weak interlayer; a retaining ring (6031) is provided inside the movable section (603), and a retaining block (6012) is provided on the inner side of the top section (6011).

6. A slope reinforcement device with a weak interlayer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water absorption section (602) is located in a region of weak interlayer. A humidity sensor is provided on the water absorption section (602). A first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are respectively provided inside the drain main pipe (502) and the water absorption pipe (601). The first pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value inside the drain main pipe (502), and the second pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure value inside the water absorption pipe (601).

7. A slope reinforcement device containing a weak interlayer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The retaining wall (1) is provided with a grid frame (101) on top for planting grass and greening.

8. The reinforcement method for slopes containing weak interlayers as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Investigate the internal geological structure of the slope and accurately determine the location, thickness, dip angle of the weak interlayer and the hard layer area; based on the investigation results, design the layout and parameters of the retaining wall (1) unit, anchor cable (2) and water absorption component (6); S2, along the slope toe or slope surface, lay and pour multiple retaining wall (1) units in sequence; fix adjacent retaining wall (1) units together with connecting rods (3) and connecting components to form an integral support structure; install supplementary plates (305) in the gaps between adjacent retaining wall (1) units, so that the slots (306) in the supplementary plates (305) are fitted onto the connecting rods, and ensure that the first spring (307) provides the initial preload; S3, through the opening (102) on the front side of the retaining wall (1), drill anchor cable holes towards the soft interlayer and hard layer inside the slope; insert the anchor cable (2) and the grouting pipe into the borehole together, and fix the end of the anchor cable (2) in the stable rock mass through the anchor plug; perform pressure grouting through the grouting pipe to fill the borehole with cement grout, and form a solid anchor body after the grout solidifies; S4, a drainage main pipe (502) and permeable branch pipes (503) distributed in a fishbone pattern are laid on the top of the slope, and a composite filter material layer is covered to form a first filter layer (504); through the opening on the retaining wall (1), installation holes are drilled into the weak interlayer area inside the slope, and a suction pipe (601) is inserted to ensure that its suction section (602) is precisely aligned with the position of the weak interlayer, and a second filter layer (6022) is installed; the drainage main pipe (502) and the suction pipe (601) are connected to the pump body and water tank through the control valve (6051) respectively to form a complete negative pressure drainage network; the pump body is started, and the control valve (6051) is switched according to the monitored humidity and pressure sensor data to alternately or synchronously implement active negative pressure drainage on the top of the slope and the weak interlayer; S5, regularly observe and record the displacement of each supplementary plate (305) relative to the retaining wall (1) to identify the stress concentration area of ​​the slope; when a specific area is found to have abnormal displacement or reduced drainage efficiency, conduct a key inspection of that area; start the self-cleaning program of the water suction component (6): switch the pump body to the pressurization mode, use air pressure to push the push component (7) to remove the accumulated impurities in the water suction section (602) and restore its permeability; according to the monitoring results, take targeted reinforcement measures such as adding anchor bolts and deepening drainage in the stress concentration area.

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