Retractable suction penetration inhibition type mechanical smoke outlet and working mechanism thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a retractable suction penetration inhibition type mechanical smoke outlet and a working mechanism thereof, and relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment. The smoke outlet comprises a smoke outlet shell, a smoke outlet bottom plate capable of ascending and descending between a retracting position and a releasing position, a main driving mechanism used for driving the bottom plate to ascend and descend, a flow guide plate connected with the edge of the bottom plate through a hinge mechanism, and an auxiliary driving mechanism arranged on the bottom plate and used for driving the flow guide plate to turn over between the folding position and the unfolding position. During working, the main driving mechanism drives the bottom plate to descend, then the auxiliary driving mechanism drives the flow guide plate to unfold, and a structure for restraining suction penetration is formed; and in a non-working state, the flow guide plate is folded firstly, and the bottom plate is retracted to be attached to the shell. The smoke exhaust device can effectively restrain the suction penetration phenomenon in the fire disaster, improves the smoke exhaust efficiency, can be completely stored under the non-fire-disaster working condition, achieves seamless fusion with the building environment, and solves the contradiction among the smoke exhaust efficiency, space occupation and environment coordination in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection facilities technology, and more specifically, to a retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust outlet and its working mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Smoke is the leading cause of death in fires. Therefore, timely and efficient removal of smoke from the fire scene after a fire breaks out is crucial for protecting the lives of the people and ensuring the smooth progress of firefighting and rescue operations. There are two main technical methods for smoke removal: natural smoke extraction and mechanical smoke extraction. However, the "suction-through phenomenon," which severely reduces smoke extraction efficiency, often occurs at the lower opening of tunnel shafts during natural smoke extraction, and at the smoke exhaust vents of various buildings using mechanical smoke extraction. The suction-through phenomenon occurs when, due to the chimney effect, the natural smoke extraction velocity at the lower opening of the shaft is high, or due to the influence of the exhaust fan pressure and the opening area of ​​the smoke exhaust vent, the mechanical smoke extraction velocity at the smoke exhaust vent is high. If the smoke layer accumulated at the top of the fire space is relatively thin, the air below the smoke layer is directly drawn through the smoke layer by the strong suction force and into the lower opening of the shaft or the mechanical smoke exhaust vent, resulting in a significant reduction in the actual smoke flow rate discharged from the shaft or mechanical smoke exhaust vent. Therefore, when applying natural or mechanical smoke extraction methods, how to adopt economical and reasonable technical means to effectively suppress smoke extraction penetration while improving smoke extraction efficiency is a core technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0003] However, existing smoke exhaust penetration suppression technology generally has the following limitations when applied to the smoke exhaust outlets of mechanical smoke exhaust systems in ordinary civil buildings:

[0004] 1) The technical solution focuses on solving the problem of smoke absorption and suppression at the lower opening of the shaft during natural smoke exhaust in tunnel shafts, and is not very applicable to the smoke exhaust outlets of mechanical smoke exhaust systems in ordinary civil buildings.

[0005] The tunnel's geometric shape is long and narrow, with vertical shafts linearly distributed along its longitudinal direction. This is fundamentally different from the typical shape of smoke control zones in ordinary civil buildings, which are usually rectangular with moderate length and width ratios and mechanical smoke exhaust vents evenly distributed along their length and width. This geometric characteristic of the tunnel also determines that its core concept for smoke exhaust is not simply to expel smoke, but to control the diffusion path and direction of smoke, ensuring safety upstream of the fire ignition point and controlling the spread of smoke downstream. Therefore, the relevant technical approaches to suppressing smoke absorption and penetration in tunnels are also closely designed around this concept. For example, the patent application "A device for suppressing the absorption and penetration effect of natural smoke exhaust shafts in urban road tunnel fires (CN 106677823 A)" proposes adding liftable solid curtains on both sides of the bottom opening of the shaft to block the fire smoke in the tunnel near the shaft and prevent the smoke from spreading downstream. The patent "A shaft smoke exhaust device (CN 113279803 B)" proposes a technical solution that effectively blocks the downstream diffusion of smoke by movable vertical and horizontal baffles and allocates the smoke exhaust port area according to the amount of smoke upstream and downstream. The problems that the above solutions aim to solve are not applicable to the mechanical smoke exhaust application scenarios of ordinary civil buildings.

[0006] 2) Although the technical solution effectively suppresses the occurrence of smoke exhaust penetration, it also sacrifices the smoke exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port.

[0007] The fundamental cause of smoke exhaust penetration is the high smoke flow rate, which penetrates and draws away fresh air below the smoke layer. Therefore, reducing the flow rate of the smoke exhaust outlet can effectively suppress the penetration phenomenon. For example, the patent "A method and apparatus for suppressing smoke exhaust valve penetration in key tunnel smoke exhaust (CN 116575966 A)" determines the location of the fire and uses wind speed and temperature sensors below the smoke exhaust outlet to detect penetration, and then suppresses the penetration phenomenon at the smoke exhaust outlet of key smoke exhaust tunnels by changing the opening rate of the smoke exhaust valve at different locations. However, the above solution comes at the cost of sacrificing the smoke exhaust efficiency of the outlet. As the flow rate of the smoke exhaust outlet decreases, not only does the amount of fresh air drawn in decrease or disappear, but the amount of effectively exhausted fire smoke also decreases. Furthermore, when using a flow guiding device to suppress smoke exhaust penetration, the resistance characteristics of the device itself are also a key factor affecting the smoke exhaust efficiency of the outlet. While the device proposed in the patent "Anti-Suction-Penetrating Horizontal Smoke Exhaust Device (CN 112856011 A)" can effectively suppress smoke suction penetration, the narrow intake and transmission channels of the smoke, along with a 90° right-angle turn, result in excessive local resistance. Under the same exhaust fan pressure, the suction flow rate of this device will be significantly reduced compared to conventional smoke exhaust outlets, potentially leading to lower smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0008] 3) The technical solution has a certain effect on smoke extraction and penetration suppression, but the improvement in penetration suppression efficiency and smoke extraction efficiency is limited.

[0009] When using smoke extraction and penetration suppression technologies such as baffles or adjusting plates, the size, angle, and method of setting the plate are key factors determining the penetration suppression efficiency and smoke extraction efficiency. For example, the baffle area proposed in the patent "An Electric Lifting High-Sealing Smoke Exhaust Outlet (CN 118148689A)" is only the area of ​​the hole in a mechanical smoke exhaust outlet; the adjusting plate area proposed in the patent "Vertical Shaft Smoke Extraction and Penetration Suppression Device and Usage Method Based on Feedback Adjustment (CN 114575907 B)" is much smaller than the opening area at the bottom of the vertical shaft. Although the above solutions can improve the smoke extraction and penetration phenomenon to a certain extent, the improvement in penetration suppression efficiency and smoke extraction efficiency is limited. Another example is the technical solution proposed in "An Auxiliary Device for Smoke Extraction and Penetration Prevention in Tunnel Vertical Shafts (CN 110230494 B)" which uses a Λ-shaped conical baffle composed of two adjusting plates. However, based on aerodynamic principles, the best regulating plate geometry for smoke extraction and penetration suppression is the V-shaped structure. The Λ-shaped structure not only has limited penetration suppression effect, but may even exacerbate the induced smoke entrainment of air in the lower part of the smoke layer.

[0010] 4) The spatial economy and environmental integration of the technical solution are poor, and there are significant limitations in the integration and form management when not in operation.

[0011] A good smoke extraction and penetration suppression technology should ensure that the technical objectives are achieved without affecting the realization of other building functions. However, the device proposed in the patent "Anti-Penetrating Horizontal Smoke Extraction Device (CN 112856011 A)" needs to be fixed below the smoke extraction duct, and the baffle proposed in the patent "A Method for Suppressing Smoke Penetration and Improving the Efficiency of Natural Smoke Extraction from Vertical Shafts (CN106703865 A)" needs to be fixed directly below the vertical shaft. The smoke extraction and penetration suppression devices or facilities proposed in the above technical solutions cannot be retracted or hidden in non-fire conditions, leading to permanent space encroachment. This may constrain existing spatial planning and functional flow layout, negatively impacting daily circulation and space utilization. Especially in application scenarios where space resources are extremely valuable, such as compact commercial spaces, the space occupation of the above technical solutions may sacrifice the realization of other building functions, leading to a reordering of functional priorities. Furthermore, the aforementioned technical solutions present a conflict between functional visibility and environmental integration. The functional form in the working state cannot be effectively transformed during non-working periods. The exposed mechanical structure of the smoke exhaust and penetration suppression device or facility lacks visual coordination with the surrounding environment, which may negatively impact the visual transparency and simplicity of the building space, disrupt the overall design integration and aesthetic simplicity of the building space, and reduce the visual quality and immersive experience of the building space.

[0012] Therefore, existing technologies have varying degrees of defects or deficiencies in terms of adaptability to ordinary civil building mechanical smoke exhaust scenarios, coordination between the penetration suppression effect and the smoke exhaust flow loss, further improvement of penetration suppression efficiency and smoke exhaust efficiency, and spatial economy and environmental integration of technical measures. There is an urgent need for a smoke exhaust penetration suppression solution that has low space occupation cost, good environmental integration, can effectively improve smoke exhaust efficiency while suppressing smoke exhaust penetration, and is well applicable to ordinary civil building mechanical smoke exhaust scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The present invention provides a retractable suction-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port and its working mechanism, which can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0014] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0015] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port, comprising:

[0016] Fixed exhaust port housing;

[0017] A base plate for the exhaust port, configured to be retracted into or released from the exhaust port housing;

[0018] The main drive mechanism connects the exhaust port housing and the exhaust port base plate, and is used to drive the exhaust port base plate to move up and down between a retracted position that is in contact with the lower edge of the exhaust port housing and a set release position that is lower than the lower edge of the exhaust port housing.

[0019] At least one baffle plate, the baffle plate being hinged to the edge of the exhaust port bottom plate via a hinge mechanism;

[0020] An auxiliary drive mechanism is disposed on the bottom plate of the exhaust port and connected to the guide plate, and is used to drive the guide plate to rotate between a closed position perpendicular to the bottom plate of the exhaust port and an unfolded position at a preset angle.

[0021] Furthermore, the main drive mechanism is a main electric push rod; the retractable end of the main electric push rod is fixed to the center position of the top of the exhaust port housing via a support rod, and the end of its telescopic rod is fixed to the center position of the upper surface of the exhaust port base plate; the telescopic stroke of the main electric push rod must satisfy the following: when its telescopic rod is fully extended, the exhaust port base plate can stop at the set release position.

[0022] Furthermore, the auxiliary drive mechanism includes a plurality of auxiliary electric push rods disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the exhaust port, and a flexible traction member connecting the auxiliary electric push rods and the guide plate; each edge of the bottom plate of the exhaust port is provided with one of the auxiliary electric push rods, the extension and retraction direction of which is perpendicular to and points to the edge; the extension rod end of the auxiliary electric push rod is connected to the upper surface of the corresponding guide plate through the flexible traction member.

[0023] Furthermore, the hinge mechanism is a limiting hinge assembly disposed between each edge of the bottom plate of the exhaust port and the corresponding guide plate; the limiting hinge assembly includes at least one first limiting hinge and at least one second limiting hinge; the first limiting hinge is used to limit the angle between the guide plate and the bottom plate of the exhaust port to 90° when the guide plate is in the closed position; the second limiting hinge is used to limit the angle between the guide plate and the horizontal plane to a preset angle θ when the guide plate is in the unfolded position.

[0024] Furthermore, the limiting hinge assembly also includes a third limiting hinge, with the second and third limiting hinges symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first limiting hinge; the rotatable angle range of the first limiting hinge is limited to 90° to 180° to prevent the guide plate from excessively rotating towards the center of the exhaust port bottom plate; the rotatable angle range of the second and third limiting hinges is limited to 0° to θ° to constrain the final unfolded posture of the guide plate.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention provides a working mechanism for the mechanical smoke exhaust port described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Release step: Activate the main drive mechanism to make the bottom plate of the smoke exhaust port descend vertically from its retracted position to the set release position;

[0027] Deployment Step: Activate the auxiliary drive mechanism to release the constraint on the guide plate, causing the guide plate to flip from its closed position to its deployed position;

[0028] Closing step: Activate the auxiliary drive mechanism to drive the guide plate to flip and retract from its unfolded position to its closed position;

[0029] Retraction Step: Activate the main drive mechanism to make the bottom plate of the exhaust port rise vertically from its set release position until it returns to its retracted position.

[0030] Furthermore, in the unfolding step, the activation of the auxiliary drive mechanism is manifested by extending the telescopic rod of its auxiliary electric push rod, thereby relaxing the flexible traction member, so that the guide plate automatically flips outward under its own gravity until its flipping angle is mechanically limited by the second and third limiting hinges in the hinge mechanism and stops, and finally stabilizes in the unfolded position.

[0031] Furthermore, in the closing step, the activation of the auxiliary drive mechanism is manifested by retracting the telescopic rod of its auxiliary electric push rod, applying traction force to the guide plate through the flexible traction member, causing the guide plate to flip inward; as the telescopic rod continues to retract, the guide plate eventually flips until its rotation angle is mechanically limited by the first limiting hinge in the hinge mechanism and stops, returning to the closing position.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] (1) This invention achieves dual optimization through an innovative two-stage motion structure. First, the main drive mechanism lowers the bottom plate of the exhaust port from the ceiling height to the optimal aerodynamic position, achieving an optimal balance between exhaust efficiency and drag loss. Second, the auxiliary drive mechanism unfolds the guide plate hinged to the edge of the bottom plate, forming a horizontal trapping surface much larger than the exhaust port area around it. This trapping surface effectively blocks the direct intake path of cold air below, further enhancing the exhaust port's smoke penetration suppression effect. Third, by unfolding the guide plate to the optimal aerodynamic angle, the smoke in the smoke layer is accelerated and induced to be drawn into the exhaust port along the guide plate, maximizing the effective intake of smoke at the exhaust port. This synergistic effect of "optimal position descent + optimal angle unfolding" fundamentally optimizes the airflow organization near the exhaust port, achieving a dual improvement in penetration suppression and exhaust efficiency.

[0034] (2) This invention possesses complete retraction and extension functions, solving the core pain points of existing technology devices that permanently occupy space and disrupt environmental harmony. In the non-working state, the guide plate first closes, and then, together with the bottom plate of the smoke exhaust outlet, it is retracted into the outer shell of the smoke exhaust outlet by the main drive mechanism. Finally, the bottom plate is flush with the building ceiling, and its appearance is no different from that of an ordinary panel smoke exhaust outlet. This "hidden in normal times, unfolded in times of disaster" design achieves a perfect unity of the device's functionality and architectural aesthetics, and is particularly suitable for modern civil buildings with high requirements for space utilization and visual quality.

[0035] (3) The working mechanism of this invention is independently controlled by the main and auxiliary drive mechanisms. It can not only automatically perform the "release-deploy" smoke exhaust action in fire conditions, but also support convenient reset by performing the "close-retract" reverse process after functional testing during routine maintenance and fire drills. This flexible and reversible operability makes it well applicable to ordinary civil buildings that require regular testing of fire protection facilities, making up for the shortcomings of existing technical solutions, which are mostly one-time or irreversible actions.

[0036] (4) The present invention uses a cleverly designed limiting hinge assembly as a hinge mechanism. It can achieve precise positioning of the guide plate between the 90° closing position and the preset angle θ unfolding position by using simple mechanical limiting. This avoids the need for complex and precise control of the motor rotation angle, simplifies the control system, reduces manufacturing costs, and greatly improves the reliability of the device in emergency situations.

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working mechanism of the retractable suction-and-penetration suppression type mechanical smoke exhaust port of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the working mechanism of the retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of four types of smoke exhaust ports and an experimental platform used in this invention to compare the absorption and breakdown suppression effect and smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0043] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Exhaust port housing, 2. Exhaust port base plate, 3. Guide plate, 4. Main electric push rod, 5. Retractable end of the main electric push rod, 6. Support rod, 7. Telescopic rod of the main electric push rod, 8. First limiting hinge, 9. Second limiting hinge, 10. Third limiting hinge, 11. Auxiliary electric push rod, 12. Retractable end of the auxiliary electric push rod, 13. Telescopic rod of the auxiliary electric push rod, 14. Flexible traction component. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0045] This invention provides a retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fixed exhaust port housing 1 (which is a cuboid structure consisting of four identical rectangular side plates, with square structures at both the top and bottom ends) and an exhaust port base plate 2 (which is a square structure) and a guide plate 3, which are normally hidden inside the exhaust port housing 1 and can be released and retracted during operation.

[0046] The exhaust port housing 1 and the exhaust port base plate 2 are connected by a main electric push rod 4. The retractable end 5 of the main electric push rod is fixed at the intersection of two support rods 6 at the top of the exhaust port housing 1, with the intersection located at the exact center of the exhaust port. The telescopic rod 7 of the main electric push rod is fixed at the exact center of the upper surface of the exhaust port base plate 2. The travel range of the telescopic rod 7 ensures that: in the released state, the exhaust port base plate 2 can descend to a set height (e.g., a descent distance of 1 / 2 the side length of the exhaust port base plate 2); in the retracted state, the exhaust port base plate 2 is tightly fitted against the lower edges of the exhaust port housing 1.

[0047] Each edge of the exhaust port base plate 2 is connected to a guide plate 3 via three limiting hinges. The first limiting hinge 8 is located in the middle and has a rotation angle range of 90° to 180°; the second limiting hinge 9 and the third limiting hinge 10 are located on the left and right ends of the first limiting hinge 8, with a rotation angle range of 0° to θ° (in this embodiment, θ = 165°). Through the combined action of the three limiting hinges, the rotation angle range of each guide plate is limited to 90° to 165°.

[0048] The exhaust port base plate 2 is equipped with four auxiliary electric push rods 11. The extension direction of each auxiliary electric push rod 11 is perpendicular to each side of the exhaust port base plate 2 and points to the midpoint of each side. The retractable end 12 of each auxiliary electric push rod is fixed to the upper surface of the exhaust port base plate 2, and the end of the telescopic rod 13 of the auxiliary electric push rod is connected to the upper surface of the guide plate 3 to which its extension direction points through a flexible traction member 14 (in this embodiment, a steel wire rope is used). The travel range of the telescopic rod 13 of each auxiliary electric push rod and the length of the flexible traction member 14 can ensure that: in the released state, the angle between the four guide plates and the horizontal plane increases from 90° and is maintained at 165°; in the retracted state, the angle between the four guide plates and the horizontal plane decreases from 165° and is maintained at 90°.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The working mechanism of the retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust port described in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Initial state: The bottom plate 2 of the exhaust port is tightly fitted to each of the lower edges of the exhaust port outer shell 1. The four guide plates 3 are hidden inside the exhaust port outer shell 1 and maintain a 90° angle with the horizontal plane under the pulling force of the flexible traction member 14 and the limiting action of the first limiting hinge 8.

[0051] S2. Release process: The telescopic rod 7 of the main electric push rod extends vertically downward, causing the bottom plate 2 of the smoke exhaust port to descend to a set height (for example, the descent distance is 1 / 2 of the side length of the bottom plate 2 of the smoke exhaust port).

[0052] S3. Deployment Process: The telescopic rods 13 of the four auxiliary electric push rods extend in directions perpendicular to each side of the exhaust port bottom plate 2 and pointing towards the midpoint of each side. The four guide plates 3 are instantly freed from the tension and flip over and lie down under the action of gravity. As the telescopic rods 13 continue to extend to the set position, under the tension of the flexible traction member 14 and the limiting action of the second limiting hinge 9 and the third limiting hinge 10, the four guide plates 3 finally maintain an angle of θ° (in this embodiment, θ = 165°) with the horizontal plane.

[0053] S4. Closing Process: The telescopic rods 13 of the four auxiliary electric push rods retract to the direction perpendicular to each side of the bottom plate 2 of the exhaust port and pointing towards the center of the bottom plate 2 of the exhaust port, and drive the flexible traction component 14 to pull the four guide plates 3 inward to flip and close. As the telescopic rods 13 continue to retract to the set position, under the pulling force of the flexible traction component 14 and the limiting action of the first limiting hinge 8, the four guide plates 3 finally maintain a 90° angle with the horizontal plane.

[0054] S5. Retraction process: The telescopic rod 7 of the main electric push rod retracts vertically upward, driving the bottom plate 2 of the exhaust port to rise continuously until the bottom plate 2 of the exhaust port is tightly fitted with the lower edge of the exhaust port housing 1.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, to verify the smoke extraction advantages of this invention, we used numerical simulation to compare and analyze the absorption-through suppression effect and smoke extraction efficiency of four types of mechanical smoke extraction outlets, including this invention. The other three types of smoke extraction outlets are: a completely open smoke extraction outlet; a smoke extraction outlet with a flat square baffle of the same size as the opening; and a smoke extraction outlet with a Λ-shaped conical baffle whose sum of the areas of two baffles is the same as the opening area. The two included angles between the left and right baffles constituting the Λ-shaped conical baffle and the horizontal plane are both 30°.

[0056] The exhaust port of the present invention is as follows: a flat square baffle (i.e., exhaust port bottom plate 2) with the same size as the opening area is added and four guide plates 3 are added. The length of each guide plate 3 is the same as the side length of the exhaust port bottom plate 2, and the width is 1 / 2 of the side length of the exhaust port bottom plate 2. The angle between the guide plate 3 and the horizontal plane is 15° (note that this does not refer to the obtuse angle formed by the guide plate 3 and the exhaust port bottom plate 2).

[0057] The opening size of the exhaust port is 500mm×500mm for all operating conditions, and the wind pressure at the exhaust port opening is -60Pa. Except for the pure open type, the drop distance of the baffle of other types of exhaust ports is 250mm, and the ignition source is a 600mm×600mm ethanol oil pan.

[0058] The parameters used for comparison are the effective heat removal rate η1 and the effective CO2 removal rate η2 of the flue gas layer, which are calculated using equations (1) and (2), respectively:

[0059]

[0060] The calculation results are shown in Table 1. The increase in η1 and η2 of the present invention compared with the pure opening is more than 20%, and the absorption and penetration suppression effect and smoke exhaust efficiency are significantly better than the other two smoke exhaust port forms that respectively add flat square baffles and Λ-shaped conical baffles.

[0061] Table 1

[0062] Type of smoke exhaust outlet Pure Open Add flat square baffle Add a Λ-shaped conical baffle This invention [eta1] 0.55 0.58 0.57 0.70 <![CDATA[Amplitude increase of η1 compared to pure opening]]> / 5.4％ 3.6％ 27.3％ <![CDATA[η2]]> 0.61 0.64 0.63 0.75 <![CDATA[Amplification of η2 compared to pure opening]]> / 4.9％ 3.3％ 23.0％

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable, penetration-suppressing mechanical smoke exhaust outlet, characterized in that, include: Fixed exhaust port housing (1); The bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port is configured to be housed within or released from the exhaust port housing (1); The main drive mechanism connects the exhaust port housing (1) and the exhaust port base plate (2) and drives the exhaust port base plate (2) to move up and down between a retracted position that is in contact with the lower edge of the exhaust port housing (1) and a set release position that is lower than the lower edge of the exhaust port housing (1). At least one guide plate (3) is hinged to the edge of the exhaust port bottom plate (2) by a hinge mechanism; An auxiliary drive mechanism is provided on the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port and connected to the guide plate (3). The auxiliary drive mechanism is used to drive the guide plate (3) to rotate between a closed position perpendicular to the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port and an unfolded position at a preset angle.

2. The mechanical smoke exhaust outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main drive mechanism is a main electric push rod (4); the storage end (5) of the main electric push rod (4) is fixed to the center position of the top of the exhaust port housing (1) by a support rod (6), and the end of its telescopic rod (7) is fixed to the center position of the upper surface of the exhaust port bottom plate (2); the extension stroke of the main electric push rod (4) must meet the following requirement: when its telescopic rod (7) is fully extended, the exhaust port bottom plate (2) can stop at the set release position.

3. The mechanical smoke exhaust outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary drive mechanism includes a plurality of auxiliary electric push rods (11) disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port, and a flexible traction member (14) connecting the auxiliary electric push rods (11) and the guide plate (3); each edge of the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port is provided with one of the auxiliary electric push rods (11), the extension direction of which is perpendicular to the edge and points to the edge; the end of the extension rod (13) of the auxiliary electric push rod (11) is connected to the upper surface of the corresponding guide plate (3) through the flexible traction member (14).

4. The mechanical smoke exhaust outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge mechanism is a limiting hinge assembly disposed between each edge of the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port and the corresponding guide plate (3); the limiting hinge assembly includes at least one first limiting hinge (8) and at least one second limiting hinge (9); the first limiting hinge (8) is used to limit the angle between the guide plate (3) and the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port to 90° when the guide plate (3) is in the closed position; the second limiting hinge (9) is used to limit the angle between the guide plate (3) and the horizontal plane to a preset angle θ when the guide plate (3) is in the unfolded position.

5. The mechanical smoke exhaust outlet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting hinge assembly also includes a third limiting hinge (10), and the second limiting hinge (9) and the third limiting hinge (10) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first limiting hinge (8); the rotatable angle range of the first limiting hinge (8) is limited to 90° to 180° to prevent the guide plate (3) from over-rotating towards the center of the exhaust port bottom plate (2); the rotatable angle range of the second limiting hinge (9) and the third limiting hinge (10) is limited to 0° to constrain the final unfolded posture of the guide plate (3).

6. The working mechanism of the mechanical smoke exhaust port as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Release step: Activate the main drive mechanism to make the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port descend vertically from its retracted position to the set release position; Deployment steps: Activate the auxiliary drive mechanism to release the constraint on the guide plate (3) and cause the guide plate (3) to flip from its closed position to its deployed position; Closing step: Activate the auxiliary drive mechanism to drive the guide plate (3) to flip and retract from its unfolded position to its closed position; Retraction step: Start the main drive mechanism to make the bottom plate (2) of the exhaust port rise vertically from its set release position until it returns to its retracted position.

7. The working mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the unfolding step, the auxiliary drive mechanism is activated by extending the telescopic rod (13) of its auxiliary electric push rod (11), thereby relaxing the flexible traction member (14), so that the guide plate (3) automatically flips outward under its own gravity until its flipping angle is mechanically limited by the second limiting hinge (9) and the third limiting hinge (10) in the hinge mechanism and stops, and finally stabilizes in the unfolded position.

8. The working mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the closing step, the activation of the auxiliary drive mechanism is manifested by retracting the telescopic rod (13) of its auxiliary electric push rod (11), and applying traction force to the guide plate (3) through the flexible traction member (14), causing the guide plate (3) to flip inward; as the telescopic rod (13) continues to retract, the guide plate (3) eventually flips until its rotation angle is mechanically limited by the first limiting hinge (8) in the hinge mechanism and stops, returning to the closing position.

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