Rotor with automatic adjustment of dynamic balance and electric machine

Abstract

The application provides a rotor for automatic dynamic balance adjustment and a motor thereof. The rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor body and a pressing plate. The two ends of the rotating shaft are provided with the pressing plates. An automatic dynamic balance adjustment device is arranged in the pressing plate. The automatic dynamic balance adjustment device comprises: a liquid flow channel, two liquid flow channels are symmetrically arranged in the pressing plate with the axis of the rotating shaft as the center, and the liquid flow channels contain balance liquid. A piston groove, two piston grooves are arranged in the pressing plate at the intercommunication positions of the two liquid flow channels. A piston body is arranged in each piston groove. An elastic member connects the two piston bodies to the pressing plate. The application can quickly complete the dynamic balance process of the flexible rotor, automatically adjusts the balance, does not need manual positioning and adjustment, and improves the dynamic balance precision and efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of motor structure, in particular to a rotor with automatic balance adjustment and a motor thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy vehicles, the design and optimization of new energy vehicle motors have become an important issue in the automotive industry. The trend of motor speed and precision is increasingly evident, and the requirement for rotor dynamic balance is also increasing. Rotor dynamic balance is one of the key processes in motor manufacturing, and its precision directly affects the running stability and vibration noise of the motor.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used dynamic balancing methods mainly include two methods of weight increasing and weight removing, but these methods have some problems: the weight increasing method is simple and easy to implement, but it is difficult to accurately control the weight of the added material, and it is usually used in situations where the dynamic balance level requirement is not high; and the weight removing method needs to be processed multiple times, which is time-consuming, and the processing debris is difficult to clean up, affecting the assembly cleanliness and production rhythm.

[0004] For high-speed motors, the rotor is easily affected by unbalanced mass when rotating at high speed, resulting in vibration and noise, which has a serious impact on the performance of the rotor. At the same time, the rotor also needs to withstand the change of bearing load when running, resulting in speed and load fluctuations, affecting the stability and efficiency of the rotor.

[0005] During the implementation of the present application, the applicant found that the existing dynamic balancing technology for high-speed motor rotors still has at least the following problems:

[0006] 1. The existing dynamic balancing technology often needs additional devices or complex control systems to achieve, which reduces efficiency and requires regular maintenance and replacement of parts, increasing operating costs;

[0007] 2. The current dynamic balancing method mainly includes two methods of weight increasing and weight removing, the weight increasing method is difficult to accurately control the weight of the added material, and the weight removing method needs to be processed multiple times, which is time-consuming, and the processing debris is difficult to clean up, affecting the assembly cleanliness and production rhythm;

[0008] 3. The existing dynamic balancing technology in high-speed motors, the rotor is easily affected by unbalanced mass when rotating at high speed, resulting in vibration and noise, which seriously affects the performance of the rotor;

[0009] 4. In the existing technology, the positioning and adjustment method of the balance ring still needs to be further optimized to improve the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balancing;

[0010] 5. The current dynamic balancing method is difficult to use ordinary dynamic balancing machines to quickly complete the dynamic balancing process of flexible rotors without increasing the diameter of the rotor, which cannot meet the demand for efficient and accurate dynamic balancing.

[0011] Therefore, how to solve the problems of the existing high-speed motor rotor dynamic balancing technology, such as complex system, low efficiency, affecting rotor performance, unable to efficiently and accurately realize dynamic balancing, and increasing rotor diameter, has become a research topic to be solved by the present application. SUMMARY

[0012] The application aims to provide a rotor with automatic adjustment balancing and a motor thereof.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the first aspect of the present application is to provide a rotor with automatic adjustment dynamic balancing, the rotor comprising a rotating shaft, a rotor body and a pressing plate, the two ends of the rotating shaft are provided with the pressing plate, the rotating shaft and the rotor body are assembled and measured to have a residual unbalance position; the pressing plate is provided with an automatic adjustment dynamic balancing device, the automatic adjustment dynamic balancing device comprises:

[0014] Liquid flow channels, two of the liquid flow channels are symmetrically arranged in the pressing plate with the axis of the rotating shaft as the center, and the liquid flow channels contain balancing liquid.

[0015] Piston grooves, two of the piston grooves are arranged in the pressing plate at the intercommunication positions of the two liquid flow channels.

[0016] Piston bodies, two of the piston bodies are objects with a density greater than that of the balancing liquid, and are respectively assembled in the respective piston grooves, wherein the outward end face of one of the piston bodies and the corresponding piston groove form an outer balancing space in communication with the two liquid flow channels, and the inward end face of the other piston body and the corresponding piston groove form an inner balancing space in communication with the two liquid flow channels, and the two piston grooves are respectively provided with air vents at positions away from the outer balancing space and the inner balancing space.

[0017] Elastic members, two of the elastic members respectively connect the two piston bodies to the pressing plate.

[0018] When the pressing plate is assembled to the two ends of the rotating shaft and the rotor body, the position of the inner balancing space is arranged at an angle of 180 degrees with the circumferential angle of the residual unbalance position of the rotating shaft and the rotor body.

[0019] The rotor is configured to have a static balance state and a dynamic balance state: in the static balance state, the two piston bodies are balanced with the balance liquid pressure of the two liquid flow channels; in the dynamic balance state, the rotor rotates, and the two piston bodies move outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the elastic force and piston groove friction, so that the volume of the outer balance space decreases as the rotor speed increases, and the volume of the inner balance space increases as the rotor speed increases. The balance liquid flows from the outer balance space to the inner balance space, so that the imbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balancing device cancels out the remaining imbalance of the shaft plus the rotor body.

[0020] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the second aspect of the present invention is to provide an electric motor, wherein the electric motor uses a rotor with automatic dynamic balancing as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0021] The above solution addresses the problems of existing high-speed motor rotor dynamic balancing technology, such as system complexity, low efficiency, impact on rotor performance, inability to achieve dynamic balancing efficiently and accurately, and increased rotor diameter. Considering the increasingly stringent requirements for rotor dynamic balancing in new energy vehicle motors, an automatically adjusting dynamic balance rotor and a motor using this rotor have been developed and designed. This enables the motor to quickly and reliably achieve dynamic and static balancing without increasing the rotor diameter or adding a complex dynamic balancing system. Specifically, the above solution simplifies the structure and improves efficiency by installing an automatic dynamic balancing device within the pressure plates at both ends of the rotor, eliminating the need for additional devices or complex control systems, while also reducing maintenance costs. The automatic dynamic balancing device features two symmetrical liquid channels centered on the axis of the rotating shaft. By injecting balancing liquid into these channels, the dynamic balancing process of the flexible rotor is completed quickly without increasing the rotor diameter, thus improving production efficiency. Furthermore, it utilizes the action of the two piston bodies under centrifugal force to overcome the forces of the elastic elements and the friction of the piston grooves during rotor rotation and dynamic balancing, achieving automatic balancing without manual positioning or adjustment, thus improving the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balancing. Moreover, the automatic dynamic balancing device consists only of liquid channels, piston grooves, piston bodies, and elastic elements; its ingenious design and compact structure, installed within the pressure plates at both ends of the rotor, do not increase the overall diameter of the rotor, facilitating direct application to existing motors. Additionally, the design of the liquid channels and pistons allows for different adjustment amounts of dynamic balancing at different speeds, adapting to different specifications and types of motor rotors, demonstrating strong versatility and adaptability. The motor that uses this automatically balancing rotor can fully meet the dynamic balancing requirements of existing new energy vehicles for high-speed motors. The imbalance generated by the automatic balancing device in the rotor cancels out the remaining imbalance of the shaft and the main body of the rotor. Moreover, the higher the speed, the more the imbalance is canceled out, and the better the rotor balance is, which is very suitable for the application scenarios of motors in new energy vehicles.

[0022] A further technical solution involves two piston grooves radially symmetrically positioned at symmetrical locations within the two liquid flow channels of the pressure plate. The inlet and outlet of each liquid flow channel are connected to the piston grooves. This ensures that when the pressure plate is assembled to both ends of the shaft and rotor body, the circumferential angle between the location of the outer balance space and the location of the remaining imbalance of the shaft and rotor body is 180 degrees. The inner and outer balance spaces formed by the two piston grooves maintain radial symmetry, thus reducing the difficulty of designing various balance quantities under both static and dynamic balance conditions and further optimizing the structural design of the automatic dynamic balancing device.

[0023] A further technical solution involves two piston grooves, designated as a first piston groove and a second piston groove, and two piston bodies, designated as a first piston body and a second piston body. The first piston body is assembled in the first piston groove, with its outward-facing end face forming an external balance space connected to the two liquid flow channels. The second piston body is assembled in the second piston groove, with its inward-facing end face forming an internal balance space connected to the two liquid flow channels. The external balance space, internal balance space, and the two liquid flow channels are sealed spaces. When the rotor rotates, the two piston bodies move outward under centrifugal force. The first piston pushes the liquid into the second piston groove, and the second piston moves outward, creating a cavity (internal balance space) for liquid to flow in. The imbalance generated by the automatic balancing device cancels out the remaining imbalance of the rotating shaft and iron core. This design further improves the stability and reliability of the dynamic balance of the automatic dynamic balancing device during rotor rotation.

[0024] A further technical solution involves providing vent holes in both the first piston groove facing the inner circle of the pressure plate and the second piston groove facing the outer circle of the pressure plate. These vent holes connect with the external air space of the rotor, allowing the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device to switch between static and dynamic balance states, or between low-speed and high-speed dynamic balance states, without needing to overcome the resistance caused by air compression (positive pressure) or air expansion (negative pressure), nor requiring additional design considerations for the heat generated by frequent air compression and expansion. This design cleverly integrates with the piston grooves and piston body of the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device, making the overall automatic dynamic balancing rotor operation more precise and reliable, and resulting in a more sophisticated and compact overall structure.

[0025] In a further technical solution, the elastic element is divided into a first elastic element and a second elastic element.

[0026] The first elastic element is disposed inside the first piston body, the inner end of the first elastic element is connected to the pressure plate, and the outer end of the first elastic element is connected to the inner end of the first piston body.

[0027] The second elastic element is disposed on the inner side of the second piston body, the inner end of the second elastic element is connected to the pressure plate, and the outer end of the first elastic element is connected to the inner end of the second piston body.

[0028] Under dynamic balance, the rotor rotates, and the first piston body moves outward against the elastic tension of the first elastic element under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space decreases as the rotor speed increases. The second piston body moves outward against the elastic tension of the second elastic element under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space increases as the rotor speed increases. When the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, the unbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balancing device is equal to the remaining unbalance of the shaft plus the rotor body, that is, the remaining unbalance of the rotor is zero.

[0029] By implementing the above-described configuration of the elastic element, the connection between the elastic element, the piston body, and the pressure plate is ensured to be more reliable and stable. By setting the dynamic balance of the elastic element and the piston body, the remaining imbalance of the rotor is zero when the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, under the combined action of the elastic element, the balancing liquid, and the centrifugal force. By setting the static balance of the elastic element and the piston body, the static imbalance of the piston body under the combined action of the elastic element and the balancing liquid can also be controlled within the design range.

[0030] A further technical solution involves providing a sealing layer on the piston body at the sliding contact portion with the piston groove, or forming a sliding seal between the surface of the piston body and the piston groove, thereby creating a sealed space between the outer balance space, the inner balance space, and the two liquid flow channels. This design ensures that the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device maintains stable operation and prevents leakage under various operating conditions, including static balance, low-speed dynamic balance, and high-speed dynamic balance. This ensures consistently stable and precise control of dynamic and static imbalance during motor operation.

[0031] A further technical solution involves a balance formed by the friction between the piston body and the piston groove, the weight of the piston, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the balancing liquid within the sealed space, all within a static equilibrium state. Alternatively, the balance formed by the friction between the sealing layer on the piston body and the piston groove, the weight of the piston, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the balancing liquid within the sealed space, all within a static equilibrium state. This ensures that the static imbalance of the pressure plate assembly is controlled within the design range, resulting in a smoother transition from static to dynamic equilibrium, stable motor operation, and the absence of vibration and noise.

[0032] A further technical solution involves using a balancing liquid with a density greater than that of water, employing glycerin or a composite hydraulic oil; a piston body made of a metal, alloy, ceramic, or composite material with a density greater than that of aluminum; and a sealing layer made of rubber and its reinforcing fabric, polyurethane, modified polytetrafluoroethylene, or thermoplastic materials. This selection of materials for the balancing liquid, piston body, and sealing layer ensures that the piston body maintains a good seal with the piston groove throughout the rotor speed variation process. It also improves the efficiency and accuracy of static and dynamic imbalance design, enabling faster completion of the dynamic balancing process for flexible rotors and further enhancing production efficiency.

[0033] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this article do not specifically refer to order or sequence, nor are they intended to limit this case; they are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms.

[0034] The terms "connection" or "positioning" as used in this article can refer to two or more components or devices making direct physical contact with each other, or making indirect physical contact with each other, or to two or more components or devices operating or moving with each other.

[0035] The terms “include,” “including,” and “have” used in this article are all open-ended, meaning they include but are not limited to.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein generally have their ordinary meaning in the context of the art, the subject matter, and the specific context. Certain terms used to describe this case will be discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art in describing this case.

[0037] The terms “front,” “back,” “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right” used in this article are directional terms. In this case, they are only used to describe the positional relationship between the structures and are not intended to limit the specific direction of the protection scheme or its actual implementation.

[0038] Due to the application of the above-mentioned solution, the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0039] 1. The above-mentioned solution of the present invention addresses the problems of existing high-speed motor rotor dynamic balancing technology, such as system complexity, low efficiency, impact on rotor performance, inability to achieve dynamic balancing efficiently and accurately, and increased rotor diameter. Considering the increasingly high requirements of existing new energy vehicle motors for rotor dynamic balancing, the present invention develops and designs a rotor that automatically adjusts dynamic balancing and a motor using the rotor, thereby enabling the motor to quickly and reliably achieve dynamic and static balancing without increasing the rotor diameter or adding a complex dynamic balancing system.

[0040] 2. In the above-described solution of the present invention, by setting an automatic dynamic balancing device within the pressure plates at both ends of the rotor, the structure is greatly simplified, efficiency is improved, and maintenance costs are reduced without the need for additional devices or complex control systems. The automatic dynamic balancing device has two symmetrically arranged liquid channels centered on the axis of the rotating shaft. By injecting balancing liquid into the liquid channels, the dynamic balancing process of the flexible rotor is quickly completed without increasing the rotor diameter, thus improving production efficiency. Furthermore, by utilizing the action of the two piston bodies under centrifugal force to overcome the elastic force and piston groove friction during rotor rotation and dynamic balancing, automatic balancing is achieved without manual positioning and adjustment, improving the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balancing. Moreover, the automatic dynamic balancing device consists only of liquid channels, piston grooves, piston bodies, and elastic elements. Its ingenious design and compact structure, installed within the pressure plates at both ends of the rotor, do not increase the overall diameter of the rotor, facilitating direct application in existing motors. Furthermore, the design of the liquid channels and pistons allows for dynamic balancing effects with different adjustment amounts at different speeds, adapting to different specifications and types of motor rotors, exhibiting strong versatility and adaptability.

[0041] 3. In the above-described solution of the present invention, the motor using the above-described automatically balancing rotor can fully meet the dynamic balancing requirements of existing new energy vehicles for high-speed motors. The unbalance generated by the automatic balancing device in the rotor cancels out the remaining unbalance of the shaft and the rotor body. Moreover, the higher the speed, the more the unbalance is canceled out, and the better the rotor balance is, which greatly fits the application scenarios of motors in new energy vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the remaining imbalance of the rotor in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor in a statically balanced state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor in a dynamically balanced state (medium speed) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor in a dynamically balanced state (maximum speed) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] The parts shown in the above attached diagram are illustrated below:

[0048] 11. Shaft; 12. Rotor body; 13. Pressure plate;

[0049] 2. Liquid flow channel;

[0050] 3. Piston groove; 31. First piston groove; 32. Second piston groove;

[0051] 4. Piston body; 41. First piston body; 42. Second piston body;

[0052] 5. Elastic element; 51. First elastic element; 52. Second elastic element;

[0053] 6. Sealing layer;

[0054] 7. Ventilation holes;

[0055] 80. External equilibrium space; 90. Internal equilibrium space. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0057] Example: The present invention will be clearly described below with illustrations and detailed description. Any person skilled in the art who understands the examples of the present invention can make changes and modifications based on the technology taught in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0058] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this case. Singular forms such as “a,” “this,” “this,” “the,” and “the” as used herein also include plural forms.

[0059] This invention aims to address the problems of existing high-speed motor rotor dynamic balancing technology, such as system complexity, low efficiency, impact on rotor performance, inability to achieve dynamic balancing efficiently and accurately, and increased rotor diameter. Considering the increasingly stringent requirements for rotor dynamic balancing in new energy vehicle motors, this invention develops and designs an automatically adjusting rotor and a motor using this rotor. This enables the motor to quickly and reliably achieve dynamic and static balancing without increasing the rotor diameter or adding a complex dynamic balancing system.

[0060] Example 1, see Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses an automatically adjustable dynamic balance rotor. The rotor includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor body 12, and pressure plates 13. Pressure plates 13 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 11. After the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12 are assembled, the location with residual imbalance (e.g., ...) is measured. Figure 2 As shown); the pressure plate 13 is equipped with an automatic dynamic balancing device, such as Figure 3 As shown, the automatic dynamic balancing device includes a liquid flow channel 2, a piston groove 3, and a piston body 4; wherein:

[0061] Liquid flow channels 2, two liquid flow channels 2 are symmetrically arranged in the pressure plate 13 with the axis of the rotating shaft 11 as the center, and the liquid flow channels 2 contain balancing liquid.

[0062] Piston groove 3, the two piston grooves 3 are respectively located at the connection between the two liquid flow channels 2 inside the pressure plate 13.

[0063] Piston body 4, two piston bodies 4 are objects with a density greater than that of the equilibrium liquid, and are respectively assembled in their respective piston grooves 3. The outer end face of one piston body 4 forms an outer equilibrium space 80 that connects with the two liquid flow channels 2 between the corresponding piston groove 3 and the outer end face of the other piston body 4. The inner end face of the other piston body 4 forms an inner equilibrium space 90 that connects with the two liquid flow channels 2 between the corresponding piston groove 3 and the inner end face of the other piston body 4.

[0064] The two elastic elements 5 respectively connect the two piston bodies 4 to the pressure plate 13.

[0065] When the pressure plate 13 is assembled to both ends of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12, the position of the inner balance space 90 is set at a circumferential angle of 180 degrees with the position of the remaining unbalance of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12.

[0066] The rotor is configured to have both static and dynamic balance states: such as Figure 3 As shown, in static equilibrium, the two piston bodies 4 and the two liquid flow channels 2 are balanced by the equilibrium liquid pressure; as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in a dynamic balance state, the rotor rotates, and the two piston bodies 4 move outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the force of the elastic element 5 and the friction of the piston groove 3. This causes the volume of the outer balance space 80 to decrease as the rotor speed increases, and the volume of the inner balance space 90 to increase as the rotor speed increases. The balance liquid flows from the outer balance space 80 to the inner balance space 90, so that the imbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balance adjustment device is offset by the remaining imbalance of the rotating shaft 11 plus the rotor body 12.

[0067] Through the implementation of Embodiment 1 of the present invention:

[0068] The above-described solution in Embodiment 1 of the present invention simplifies the structure and improves efficiency by incorporating an automatic dynamic balancing device within the pressure plates 13 at both ends of the rotor. This eliminates the need for additional devices or complex control systems, thus reducing maintenance costs. The automatic dynamic balancing device features two symmetrically arranged liquid channels 2 centered on the axis of the rotating shaft 11. By injecting balancing liquid into these channels 2, the dynamic balancing process of the flexible rotor is rapidly completed without increasing the rotor diameter, thereby improving production efficiency. Furthermore, it utilizes the dynamic balancing state of the rotor rotation, where the two piston bodies 4 overcome the elastic element 5 and the piston under centrifugal force. The action generated by the frictional force of the plug groove 3 achieves automatic adjustment and balance without the need for manual positioning and adjustment, thus improving the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balancing. Moreover, the automatic dynamic balancing device consists only of the liquid flow channel 2, piston groove 3, piston body 4, and elastic element 5. Its design is ingenious and its structure is compact. It is installed in the pressure plates 13 at both ends of the rotor without increasing the overall diameter of the rotor, making it easy to apply directly to existing motors. Furthermore, through the design of the liquid flow channel 2 and the piston, the above solution can achieve dynamic balancing effects with different adjustment amounts at different speeds, adapting to motor rotors of different specifications and types, and has strong versatility and adaptability.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, two piston grooves 3 are radially symmetrically arranged at symmetrical positions of the two liquid flow channels 2 within the pressure plate 13, and the inlet and outlet of the liquid flow channels 2 are connected to the piston grooves 3. This ensures that when the pressure plate 13 is assembled to both ends of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12, the inner balance space 90 is positioned at a circumferential angle of 180 degrees to the remaining unbalance position of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12. The inner balance space 90 and the outer balance space 80 formed by the two piston grooves 3 maintain radial symmetry, thus completely ensuring that the design difficulty of each balance quantity under both static and dynamic balance states is reduced, further optimizing the structural design of the automatic dynamic balancing device.

[0070] In another embodiment of the present invention, the two piston grooves 3 are respectively a first piston groove 31 and a second piston groove 32, and the two piston bodies 4 are respectively a first piston body 41 and a second piston body 42; wherein the first piston body 41 is assembled in the first piston groove 31, and an outer balance space 80 is formed between the outward end face of the first piston body 41 and the first piston groove 31, which is connected to the two liquid flow channels 2; wherein the second piston body 42 is assembled in the second piston groove 32, and an inner balance space 90 is formed between the inward end face of the second piston body 42 and the second piston groove 32, which is connected to the two liquid flow channels 2; the outer balance space 80, the inner balance space 90 and the two liquid flow channels 2 are sealed spaces. When the rotor is running, the two piston bodies move outward under the action of centrifugal force. The first piston pushes the liquid into the second piston groove 32, and the second piston moves outward, leaving a cavity (internal balance space 90) for the liquid to flow in. The unbalance generated by the automatic balancing device cancels out the remaining unbalance of the rotating shaft 11 plus the iron core. This design further improves the stability and reliability of the dynamic balance of the automatic adjustment dynamic balancing device when the rotor is rotating.

[0071] In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention, the first piston groove 31 facing the inner circle of the pressure plate 13 and the second piston groove 32 facing the outer circle of the pressure plate 13 are both provided with vent holes 7. These vent holes 7 connect with the external space of the rotor, allowing the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device to switch between static and dynamic balance states, or between low-speed and high-speed dynamic balance states, without having to overcome the resistance caused by air compression (positive pressure) or air expansion (negative pressure), nor requiring additional design for the heat generated by frequent air compression and expansion. This design cleverly integrates with the piston grooves and piston body of the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device, making the overall operation of the automatically dynamic balancing rotor more precise and reliable, and making the overall structure more ingenious and compact.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element 5 is divided into a first elastic element 51 and a second elastic element 52.

[0073] The first elastic element 51 is disposed on the inner side of the first piston body 41, the inner end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the pressure plate 13, and the outer end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the inner end of the first piston body 41.

[0074] The second elastic element 52 is disposed on the inner side of the second piston body 42, the inner end of the second elastic element 52 is connected to the pressure plate 13, and the outer end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the inner end of the second piston body 42.

[0075] In a dynamic balance state, the rotor rotates, and the first piston body 41 moves outward against the elastic tension of the first elastic element 5 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space 80 decreases as the rotor speed increases. The second piston body 42 moves outward against the elastic tension of the second elastic element 5 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space 80 increases as the rotor speed increases. When the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, the unbalance generated by the automatic adjustment dynamic balancing device is equal to the remaining unbalance of the shaft 11 plus the rotor body 12, that is, the remaining unbalance of the rotor is zero.

[0076] By implementing the above configuration of the elastic element 5, the connection between the elastic element 5, the piston body 4, and the pressure plate 13 is ensured to be more reliable and stable. Through the dynamic balance setting of the elastic element 5 and the piston body 4, the remaining imbalance of the rotor is zero when the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, under the combined action of the elastic element 5, the balancing liquid, and centrifugal force. Figure 5 (As shown); by setting the static balance state of the elastic element 5 and the piston body 4, the static imbalance of the piston body 4 under the combined action of the elastic element 5 and the balancing liquid can also be controlled within the design range.

[0077] In another embodiment of the present invention, a sealing layer 6 is provided on the piston body at the sliding contact portion with the piston groove, or a sliding seal is formed between the surface of the piston body and the piston groove, so that a sealed space is formed between the outer balance space 80, the inner balance space 90 and the two liquid flow channels 2. This design ensures that the rotor's automatic dynamic balancing device can maintain stable operation and prevent leakage under various working conditions, including static balance, low-speed dynamic balance, and high-speed dynamic balance, ensuring that the control of dynamic and static imbalance is always stable and accurate during the use of the motor.

[0078] In another embodiment of the present invention, under static equilibrium, the frictional force between the piston body and the piston groove, the weight of the piston, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the equilibrium liquid in the sealed space constitute a balance. Alternatively, under static equilibrium, the frictional force between the sealing layer 6 on the piston body and the piston groove, the weight of the piston, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the equilibrium liquid in the sealed space constitute a balance. This controls the static imbalance of the pressure plate 13 assembly within the design range, ensuring a smoother transition from static equilibrium to dynamic equilibrium, ensuring stable motor operation, and preventing vibration and noise.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, the density of the balancing liquid is greater than that of water. The balancing liquid is glycerol or a composite hydraulic oil; however, the present invention is not limited to these, and other liquids with higher densities can also be used. The piston body is made of a metal, alloy, ceramic, or composite material with a density greater than that of aluminum, such as copper, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy; the present invention is not limited to these. The sealing layer 6 is made of rubber and its reinforcing fabric, polyurethane, modified polytetrafluoroethylene, or thermoplastic materials; the present invention is not limited to these. The selection of materials for the balancing liquid, piston body, and sealing layer 6 ensures that the piston body maintains a good seal with the piston groove during rotor speed changes. This also improves the efficiency and accuracy of static and dynamic imbalance design, allowing for faster completion of the dynamic balancing process for the flexible rotor and further improving production efficiency.

[0080] Example 2: This invention proposes a motor that uses a rotor with automatically adjusted dynamic balance as described in Example 1.

[0081] Through the implementation of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the motor using the automatically balancing rotor can fully meet the dynamic balancing requirements of existing new energy vehicles for high-speed motors. The imbalance generated by the automatic balancing device in the rotor cancels out the remaining imbalance of the shaft 11 plus the rotor body 12. Moreover, the higher the speed, the more the imbalance is canceled out, and the better the rotor balance is, which greatly matches the application scenarios of motors in new energy vehicles.

[0082] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in more detail with a more specific embodiment.

[0083] In this detailed embodiment, an electric motor is proposed, which includes components such as a housing, a stator, and a rotor. The rotor includes a rotating shaft 11, a rotor body 12, and a pressure plate 13. Pressure plates 13 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 11. After the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12 are assembled, a residual imbalance position is measured. The rotor body 12 is made of iron core.

[0084] Then, based on the magnitude and location of the remaining imbalance, an automatic dynamic balancing device is designed inside the pressure plate 13.

[0085] The two liquid channels 2 are symmetrically arranged in the pressure plate 13 with the axis of the rotating shaft 11 as the center. The liquid channels 2 contain a balancing liquid, which is glycerol.

[0086] Two piston grooves are respectively disposed at the interconnection points of the two liquid flow channels 2 within the pressure plate 13. The two piston grooves are radially symmetrically arranged at symmetrical positions within the two liquid flow channels 2 within the pressure plate 13, and the inlet and outlet of the liquid flow channels 2 are connected to the piston grooves. The two piston grooves are designated as a first piston groove 31 and a second piston groove 32. Both the first piston groove 31 facing the inner circle of the pressure plate 13 and the second piston groove 32 facing the outer circle of the pressure plate 13 are provided with vent holes 7.

[0087] The two piston bodies are a first piston body 41 and a second piston body 42, both made of stainless steel. The first piston body 41 is assembled in a first piston groove 31, and an outer balance space 80 is formed between the outward end face of the first piston body 41 and the first piston groove 31, which is connected to the two liquid flow channels 2. The second piston body 42 is assembled in a second piston groove 32, and an inner balance space 90 is formed between the inward end face of the second piston body 42 and the second piston groove 32, which is connected to the two liquid flow channels 2. A sealing layer 6 is provided on the piston body at the sliding contact portion with the piston groove, or a sliding seal is formed between the surface of the piston body and the piston groove, so that the outer balance space 80, the inner balance space 90, and the two liquid flow channels 2 form a sealed space.

[0088] The elastic element is divided into a first elastic element 51 and a second elastic element 52. The first elastic element 51 is disposed on the inner side of the first piston body 41, the inner end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the pressure plate 13, and the outer end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the inner end of the first piston body 41. The second elastic element 52 is disposed on the inner side of the second piston body 42, the inner end of the second elastic element 52 is connected to the pressure plate 13, and the outer end of the first elastic element 51 is connected to the inner end of the second piston body 42.

[0089] In a dynamic balance state, the rotor rotates, and the first piston body 41 moves outward against the elastic tension of the first elastic element 5 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space 80 decreases as the rotor speed increases. The second piston body 42 moves outward against the elastic tension of the second elastic element 5 and the piston groove friction under the action of centrifugal force, so that the volume of the outer balance space 80 increases as the rotor speed increases. When the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, the unbalance generated by the automatic adjustment dynamic balancing device is equal to the remaining unbalance of the shaft 11 plus the rotor body 12, that is, the remaining unbalance of the rotor is zero.

[0090] After the piston body, elastic element 5, and balancing fluid are balanced and arranged in the liquid flow channel 2 and piston groove within the pressure plate 13, the pressure plate 13 is assembled to both ends of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12. The position of the inner balancing space 90 (radial center position) is set at a circumferential angle of 180 degrees to the position of the remaining unbalance of the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor body 12. The rotor is then configured to have both static and dynamic balance states.

[0091] In a static equilibrium state: the frictional force between the sealing layer 6 on the piston body 4 and the piston groove 3, the weight of the piston body 4, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the equilibrium liquid in the sealed space constitute a balance body.

[0092] In the dynamic balance state: When the rotor rotates, the two piston bodies 4 move outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the frictional force of the elastic element 5 and the piston groove 3. This causes the volume of the outer balance space 80 to decrease as the rotor speed increases, and the volume of the inner balance space 90 to increase as the rotor speed increases. The balance liquid flows from the outer balance space 80 to the inner balance space 90, so that the imbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balance adjustment device is offset by the remaining imbalance of the rotating shaft 11 plus the rotor body 12.

[0093] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the present invention, the problems of existing dynamic balancing technology in high-speed motors, such as the rotor being easily affected by unbalanced mass when rotating at high speed, generating vibration and noise, and seriously affecting the rotor performance, are solved. The dynamic balancing process of flexible rotors can be completed quickly, realizing automatic adjustment of balance without manual positioning and adjustment, thus improving the accuracy and efficiency of dynamic balancing, thereby achieving the purpose of the present invention.

[0094] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatically dynamically balanced rotor, the rotor comprising a shaft, a rotor body, and pressure plates, wherein pressure plates are provided at both ends of the shaft, and the shaft and rotor body, after assembly, are measured to have a remaining imbalance; characterized in that, The pressure plate is equipped with an automatic dynamic balancing device, which includes: Two liquid flow channels are symmetrically arranged in the pressure plate with the axis of the rotating shaft as the center, and the liquid flow channels contain a balancing liquid. Piston grooves, the two piston grooves are respectively located at the connection between the two liquid flow channels in the pressure plate; The piston body comprises two objects with a density greater than that of the equilibrium liquid, each assembled in its own piston groove. The outer end face of one piston body forms an outer equilibrium space connected to the two liquid flow channels with the corresponding piston groove, and the inner end face of the other piston body forms an inner equilibrium space connected to the two liquid flow channels with the corresponding piston groove. Each of the two piston grooves has a vent hole located away from the outer equilibrium space and the inner equilibrium space. The two elastic elements respectively connect the two piston bodies to the pressure plate; When the pressure plate is assembled to both ends of the rotating shaft and the rotor body, the position of the inner balance space is set at a circumferential angle of 180 degrees with the position of the remaining unbalance of the rotating shaft and the rotor body. The rotor is configured to have a static balance state and a dynamic balance state: in the static balance state, the two piston bodies are balanced with the balance liquid pressure of the two liquid flow channels; in the dynamic balance state, the rotor rotates, and the two piston bodies move outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the elastic force and piston groove friction, so that the volume of the outer balance space decreases as the rotor speed increases, and the volume of the inner balance space increases as the rotor speed increases. The balance liquid flows from the outer balance space to the inner balance space. According to different speeds, different adjustment amounts of dynamic balance effect are achieved so that the unbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balance adjustment device cancels out the remaining unbalance of the rotating shaft plus the rotor body.

2. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two piston grooves are radially symmetrically arranged at the symmetrical positions of the two liquid flow channels inside the pressure plate, and the inlet and outlet of the liquid flow channels are connected to the piston grooves.

3. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two piston grooves are a first piston groove and a second piston groove, and the two piston bodies are a first piston body and a second piston body, respectively; wherein the first piston body is assembled in the first piston groove, and the outward end face of the first piston body forms an external balance space that connects with the two liquid flow channels between the first piston groove and the first piston groove. The second piston body is assembled in the second piston groove, and the inner end face of the second piston body forms an inner balance space with the second piston groove, which is connected to the two liquid flow channels; the outer balance space, the inner balance space and the two liquid flow channels are sealed spaces.

4. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vent holes are located in the direction of the first piston groove toward the inner circle of the pressure plate and the direction of the second piston groove toward the outer circle of the pressure plate.

5. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic element is divided into a first elastic element and a second elastic element; The first elastic element is disposed inside the first piston body, the inner end of the first elastic element is connected to the pressure plate, and the outer end of the first elastic element is connected to the inner end of the first piston body. The second elastic element is disposed inside the second piston body, the inner end of the second elastic element is connected to the pressure plate, and the outer end of the first elastic element is connected to the inner end of the second piston body. Under dynamic balance, the rotor rotates, and the first piston body moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the elastic tension of the first elastic element and the friction of the piston groove. This causes the volume of the outer balance space to decrease as the rotor speed increases. The second piston body moves outward under the action of centrifugal force, overcoming the elastic tension of the second elastic element and the friction of the piston groove. This causes the volume of the outer balance space to increase as the rotor speed increases. When the rotor speed reaches the maximum speed of the motor, the unbalance generated by the automatic dynamic balancing device is equal to the remaining unbalance of the shaft plus the rotor body, that is, the remaining unbalance of the rotor is zero.

6. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing layer is provided on the piston body at the sliding contact portion with the piston groove, or a sliding seal is formed between the surface of the piston body and the piston groove, so that a sealed space is formed between the outer balance space, the inner balance space and the two liquid flow channels.

7. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: In a static equilibrium state, the frictional force between the piston body and the piston groove, the weight of the piston, the elastic force of the elastic element, and the liquid pressure of the equilibrium liquid in the sealed space constitute a balance.

8. The rotor with automatic dynamic balancing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The density of the equilibrium fluid is greater than that of water, and the equilibrium fluid is glycerin or a compound hydraulic oil; The piston body is made of a metal, alloy, ceramic, or composite material with a density greater than that of aluminum; The sealing layer is made of rubber and its interlayer fabric, polyurethane, modified polytetrafluoroethylene or thermoplastic material.

9. An electric motor, characterized in that: The motor uses a rotor with automatic dynamic balancing as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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