Multi-cavity energy absorption type vehicle side protective fence

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-cavity energy absorption type vehicle side protective fence which comprises a mounting structure, and a supporting structure is arranged on one side of the mounting structure. According to the buffer assembly, the outer plate serves as an impact face, the iron plates are arranged between the outer plate and the plate body, a plurality of hexagonal cavities are formed, when the outer plate is impacted, the iron plates can form step-by-step crushing and bending deformation, in this way, huge kinetic energy generated by collision can be consumed orderly and controllably, impact force can be transmitted to the buffer plate, and therefore the impact force can be effectively reduced. The buffer cavities are bent, folded and crushed step by step, polyurethane foam is compressed, a large amount of kinetic energy is consumed, in this way, force transmitted to the vehicle girder can be relatively low, huge peak force cannot occur, and the force borne by the vehicle girder is remarkably reduced; the overall height of the protection structure can be changed, so that the protection structure can adapt to installation of different vehicles, and it is guaranteed that the distance between the bottom of the protection structure and the ground and the distance between the top of the protection structure and a vehicle bottom plate both meet regulations.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle side guardrails, in particular to a multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail. BACKGROUND

[0002] A vehicle side guardrail, as the name implies, is a guardrail device made of metal or other high-strength materials installed on the side of a vehicle (usually on the left and right sides of large vehicles such as trucks and trailers). It is usually located between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle and has a certain height above the ground. Its main functions are: when a vehicle collides with a pedestrian, a bicycle or an electric bicycle, the side guardrail can effectively block the victim from sliding directly into the bottom of the vehicle, thereby greatly reducing the degree of injury and death in the accident; in the event of a side collision with a small vehicle such as a car, the side guardrail can prevent it from "drilling" into the bottom of the truck or trailer, thereby providing a certain buffering and blocking effect; and to some extent, it can also protect the vehicle's own side lower components such as fuel tank, battery and air cylinder from direct impact. The current side guardrails are mostly made of steel or alloy structures, and some have added a buffer structure. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN102029963B discloses an aluminum alloy side guardrail for vehicles, which discloses a front bending beam, a hollow connecting beam and a rear bending beam made of aluminum alloy extrusion. The front bending beam includes a front top plate and a front bottom plate, the plate surfaces of the front top plate and the front bottom plate are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, the front end side of the front bottom plate is integrally connected with the rear end side of a front lower arc-shaped bending plate, and the arc surface of the front lower arc-shaped bending plate protrudes forward and upward. The rear bending beam includes a rear top plate and a rear bottom plate, the plate surfaces of the rear top plate and the rear bottom plate are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, the rear end side of the rear bottom plate is integrally connected with the front end side of a rear lower arc-shaped bending plate, and the arc surface of the rear lower arc-shaped bending plate protrudes backward and upward. However, the current vehicle side guardrails have the following defects:

[0003] The current vehicle side guardrails have poor buffer structure and cannot better absorb energy, resulting in a large impact force on the vehicle's main beam after the side guardrail is hit, and poor protection performance. The current side guardrails have a hard requirement for the height above the ground, and the height of the side guardrail itself is fixed, making it difficult to adapt to different vehicle models and poor adaptability.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail, comprising an installation structure, a support structure provided on one side of the installation structure, a protective structure provided on the side of the support structure away from the installation structure, the protective structure comprising an outer top rod and an outer bottom rod, the outer top rod being located directly above the outer bottom rod, a plurality of buffer components being evenly arranged between the outer top rod and the outer bottom rod, two side support components being provided between the two ends of the outer top rod and the outer bottom rod, and a plurality of middle support components being provided between the outer top rod and the outer bottom rod at positions between the plurality of buffer components;

[0007] The buffer assembly includes a plate body, with multiple positioning circular plates fixed to the side of the plate body near the supporting structure, multiple iron plates fixed to the side of the plate body away from the supporting structure, an outer plate fixed to the side of the multiple iron plates away from the plate body, two bent portions fixed to both sides of the outer plate, the ends of the multiple iron plates connected to each other, and a hexagonal cavity opened between the multiple iron plates.

[0008] The mounting structure includes a base plate and a mounting top plate. The mounting top plate is located above the base plate. A buffer plate is fixed between the base plate and the mounting top plate. Multiple buffer cavities are evenly and vertically opened on the buffer plate, and the buffer cavities are filled with polyurethane foam.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer assembly further includes an inner plate, with an opening at the top of the plate body, the inner plate being slidably inserted into the opening, an L-shaped plate being fixedly connected to the top of the inner plate, a lower short plate being fixedly connected to the bottom of the plate body, and a plurality of supporting horizontal plates being sleeved on the inner plate between the L-shaped plate and the plate body, with an inner opening vertically opened on the supporting horizontal plate, the inner opening being slidably sleeved onto the inner plate, the bottom surface of the lowermost supporting horizontal plate contacting the top surface of the plate body, and the top surface of the uppermost supporting horizontal plate contacting the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate.

[0010] Preferably, the outer top rod has multiple first side openings on the side away from the supporting structure corresponding to multiple buffer component positions, the bottom surface of the outer top rod has a first bottom opening corresponding to the first side openings, the outer bottom rod has multiple second side openings on the side away from the supporting structure corresponding to multiple buffer component positions, the side wall of the L-shaped plate is inserted into the first side opening, the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate is inserted into the first bottom opening, the lower short plate is inserted into the second side opening, and multiple reflective strips are uniformly fixed to the side walls of the outer top rod and the outer bottom rod.

[0011] Preferably, the first side opening has multiple first short posts fixed to its sidewall, and the ends of the first short posts are fixed to first threaded heads. The L-shaped plate sidewall has multiple first through holes corresponding to the positions of the multiple first short posts. The first short posts are inserted into the first through holes, and the first threaded heads are threaded to a nut. The outer top rod has multiple threaded through holes vertically corresponding to the position of the first bottom opening. The bottom top surface of the L-shaped plate has multiple third through holes located directly below the multiple threaded through holes. The threaded through holes are threaded to a top bolt. The bottom end of the top bolt is fixed to an insert post, and the insert post is inserted into the third through hole. The second side opening has multiple second short posts evenly fixed to its sidewall, and the ends of the second short posts are fixed to second threaded heads. The lower short plate has multiple second through holes corresponding to the positions of the multiple second short posts. The second short posts are inserted into the second through holes, and the second threaded heads are threaded to a nut.

[0012] Preferably, the side support assembly includes a first lower upright plate and a first upper upright plate. The first lower upright plate is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod and to the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod. A first side groove is formed on the side of the first lower upright plate near the support structure. The first upper upright plate is slidably inserted into the first side groove. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first lower upright plate is L-shaped. A first through groove is formed on the side wall of the first lower upright plate. Two first positioning posts are fixed to the bottom side wall of the first upper upright plate. The two first positioning posts are located inside the first through groove. A first insert is inserted into the first through groove. A plurality of first positioning holes are evenly formed on the first insert. The two first positioning posts are inserted into any two of the first positioning holes. Two first side openings are formed on both sides of the middle of the first through groove. Two first side blocks are fixed to both sides of the middle of the first insert. The first side blocks are inserted into the first side openings. A first short stud is fixed to the side wall of the first side opening. A first through hole is formed horizontally on the first side block. The first short stud passes through the first through hole and is threadedly connected to a first locking nut.

[0013] Preferably, the middle support assembly includes a second lower upright plate and a second upper upright plate. The second lower upright plate is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod and to the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod. A second side groove is formed on the side of the second lower upright plate near the support structure. The second upper upright plate is slidably inserted into the second side groove. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the second lower upright plate is U-shaped. A second through groove is formed on the side wall of the second lower upright plate. Two second positioning posts are fixed to the bottom side wall of the second upper upright plate. The two second positioning posts are located inside the second through groove. A second insert is inserted into the second through groove. A plurality of second positioning holes are evenly formed on the second insert. The two second positioning posts are inserted into any two of the second positioning holes. Two second side openings are formed on both sides of the middle of the second through groove. Two second side blocks are fixed to both sides of the middle of the second insert. The second side blocks are inserted into the second side openings. A second short stud is fixed to the side wall of the second side opening. A second through hole is formed horizontally on the second side block. The second short stud passes through the second through hole and is threadedly connected to a second locking nut.

[0014] Preferably, the support structure includes a top rod body and a wide plate. Two vertical brackets are fixed between the top rod body and both ends of the wide plate. The side wall of the wide plate has multiple side slots corresponding to multiple buffer component positions. A support plate is vertically slidably arranged on the side slot. The support plate contacts the side wall of the plate body. The side wall of the support plate has multiple positioning holes corresponding to multiple positioning circular plates. The positioning holes are inserted into the positioning circular plates. The top rod body is fixed to the side wall of the outer top rod.

[0015] Preferably, two bottom sidewalls of the guide frame are fixedly embedded in the side slot, the top surface of the top rod is fixedly connected to the top of the guide frame, a guide opening is opened in the sidewall of the guide frame, two guide blocks are fixedly connected to the top sidewall of the support plate, the guide blocks are vertically slidably connected to the guide opening, two bottom sidewalls of the side rod are fixedly embedded in both sides of the side slot, the top surface of the side rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top rod, two lugs are fixedly connected to both sides of the top surface of the support plate, the lugs slide in contact with the surface of the side rod, multiple threaded holes are evenly opened on the side rod, a fourth through hole is horizontally opened on the lug, a positioning bolt is inserted into the fourth through hole, and the end of the positioning bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0016] Preferably, a stop rod is vertically fixed between the top rod body and the wide plate at a position between the two guide frames, the stop rod contacts the side wall of the support plate, a square rod is fixed to the top rod body near the mounting structure at a position directly above the stop rod, a third diagonal brace is fixed between the square rod and the stop rod, two U-shaped frames are fixed to both ends of the top rod body and the wide plate near the mounting structure, and multiple middle rods are vertically fixed between the top rod body and the wide plate.

[0017] Preferably, two uprights are fixed to the side walls at both ends of the base plate. A first diagonal brace is fixed between the side wall of the uprights and the bottom surface of the base plate. A second diagonal brace is fixed between the side wall of the first diagonal brace and the bottom surface of the base plate. A U-shaped groove is formed on the side wall of the uprights. The U-shaped frame is inserted into the U-shaped groove. Multiple elongated through holes are horizontally formed on the U-shaped groove. Multiple transverse through holes are horizontally formed on the U-shaped frame corresponding to the positions of the multiple elongated through holes. Multiple fixed nuts are fixedly sleeved at the ends of the multiple transverse through holes on the side wall of the U-shaped frame. Long bolts are inserted into the transverse through holes and elongated through holes. The long bolts are threaded to the fixed nuts. A steel rod is fixedly embedded on the bottom surface of the base plate corresponding to each square rod position. A bottom groove is formed on the inner side of the bottom of the steel rod. The square rod is inserted into the bottom groove. A positioning cross post is fixedly connected to the inner end of the bottom groove. A positioning square opening is formed at the end of the square rod. The positioning cross post is inserted into the positioning square opening.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] In this invention, the outer plate of the buffer assembly serves as the impact surface, and multiple iron plates are arranged between it and the plate body, forming multiple hexagonal cavities. When the outer plate is impacted, the multiple iron plates will undergo progressive crushing and bending deformation, which can orderly and controllably dissipate the huge kinetic energy generated by the collision. When the buffer assembly is impacted by an external force, the impact force will be transmitted to the buffer plate, causing the multiple buffer cavities to buckle, fold, and crush progressively and stably, and the polyurethane foam will be compressed, dissipating a large amount of kinetic energy. Thus, the force transmitted to the vehicle beam will be relatively low, and there will be no huge peak force, significantly reducing the force on the vehicle beam. The overall height of the buffer assembly can be changed. According to the required height, different numbers of support cross plates can be set. With the adjustment of the side support assembly and the middle support assembly, the overall height of the protective structure can be changed, which can adapt to different vehicle installations. It ensures that the distance between the bottom of the protective structure and the ground and the distance between the top of the protective structure and the vehicle floor meet the regulations, and can adapt to different vehicle models. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the main body structure in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the exploded structure of the main body in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 These are exploded structural diagrams of the mounting structure in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 These are schematic diagrams of the explosion structure at the protective structure in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4Enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the exploded structure at the buffer assembly in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the side support component in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the support component in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure at the support structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the support structure in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Installation structure; 2. Support structure; 3. Protective structure; 11. Base plate; 12. Mounting top plate; 13. Buffer plate; 14. Buffer cavity; 15. Polyurethane foam; 16. Upright frame; 17. First diagonal brace; 18. Second diagonal brace; 19. Steel rod; 110. Bottom groove; 111. Positioning crossbar; 112. U-shaped groove; 113. Long through hole; 21. Top rod body; 22. Wide plate; 23. Upright bracket; 24. Side groove opening; 25. Support plate; 26. Positioning port; 27. Guide frame; 28. Guide opening; 29. ​​Side rod; 210. Threaded hole; 211. Support rod; 212. Third 213. Diagonal brace; 214. Square rod; 215. Positioning square opening; 216. Guide block; 217. Ear block; 218. Fourth through hole; 219. Positioning bolt; 220. Middle rod; 221. U-shaped frame; 222. Horizontal through hole; 222. Set nut; 223. Long bolt; 31. Outer top rod; 32. Outer bottom rod; 33. Buffer assembly; 34. Side support assembly; 35. Middle support assembly; 36. First side opening; 37. First bottom opening; 38. Second side opening; 39. First short column; 310. First threaded head; 311. Second short column; 312. Second threaded head; 313. Threaded through hole; 3 14. Top bolt; 315. Insert post; 316. Upper nut; 317. Lower nut; 318. Reflective strip; 331. Plate; 332. Iron plate; 333. Outer plate; 334. Bending section; 335. Hexagonal cavity; 336. Positioning round plate; 337. Inner plate; 338. Vertical opening; 339. L-shaped plate; 3310. Lower short plate; 3311. Supporting horizontal plate; 3312. Inner opening; 3313. First through hole; 3314. Second through hole; 3315. Third through hole; 341. First lower vertical plate; 342. First upper vertical plate; 343. First side groove; 344. First through groove 345. First positioning post; 346. First side opening; 347. First insert; 348. First side block; 349. First positioning hole; 3410. First short stud; 3411. First through hole; 3412. First locking nut; 351. Second lower upright plate; 352. Second upper upright plate; 353. Second side groove; 354. Second through groove; 355. Second positioning post; 356. Second side opening; 357. Second insert; 358. Second side block; 359. Second positioning hole; 3510. Second short stud; 3511. Second through hole; 3512. Second locking nut. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail, including an installation structure 1, a support structure 2 on one side of the installation structure 1, and a protective structure 3 on the side of the support structure 2 away from the installation structure 1. The protective structure 3 includes an outer top rod 31 and an outer bottom rod 32. The outer top rod 31 is located directly above the outer bottom rod 32. Multiple buffer components 33 are evenly arranged between the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32. Two side support components 34 are arranged between the two ends of the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32. Multiple middle support components 35 are arranged between the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32 at positions between the multiple buffer components 33. The installation structure 1 is used to install on the vehicle beam, and the support structure 2 is used to provide better support for the installation structure 1.

[0035] The buffer assembly 33 includes a plate 331. Multiple positioning circular plates 336 are fixed to the side of the plate 331 near the support structure 2. Multiple iron plates 332 are fixed to the side of the plate 331 away from the support structure 2. An outer plate 333 is fixed to the side of the multiple iron plates 332 away from the plate 331. Two bent portions 334 are fixed to both sides of the outer plate 333. The ends of the multiple iron plates 332 are connected to each other. A hexagonal cavity 335 is opened between the multiple iron plates 332. The outer plate 333 serves as the impact surface. Multiple iron plates 332 are arranged between the outer plate 333 and the plate 331 to form multiple hexagonal cavities 335. When the outer plate 333 is impacted, the multiple iron plates 332 will be crushed and bent in stages, which can dissipate the huge kinetic energy generated by the collision in an orderly and controllable manner.

[0036] Mounting structure 1 includes a base plate 11 and a mounting top plate 12. The mounting top plate 12 is located above the base plate 11. A buffer plate 13 is fixed between the base plate 11 and the mounting top plate 12. Multiple buffer cavities 14 are evenly and vertically opened on the buffer plate 13. The buffer cavities 14 are filled with polyurethane foam 15. When the buffer assembly 33 is subjected to an external impact, the impact force will be transmitted to the buffer plate 13, causing the multiple buffer cavities 14 to buckle, fold and crush in a step-by-step and stable manner. The polyurethane foam 15 is compressed, consuming a large amount of kinetic energy. In this way, the force transmitted to the vehicle beam will be relatively low and there will be no huge peak force, significantly reducing the force on the vehicle beam.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] Please see Figures 1-11This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Based on the previous embodiment, the buffer assembly 33 further includes an inner plate 337. An opening 338 is opened at the top of the plate body 331. The inner plate 337 is slidably inserted into the opening 338. An L-shaped plate 339 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner plate 337. A lower short plate 3310 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plate body 331. Multiple supporting horizontal plates 3311 are sleeved on the inner plate 337 between the L-shaped plate 339 and the plate body 331. An inner opening 3312 is vertically opened on the supporting horizontal plate 3311. The inner opening 3312 is slidably sleeved on the inner plate 337. The bottom surface of the lowermost supporting horizontal plate 3311 contacts the top surface of the plate body 331, and the top surface of the uppermost supporting horizontal plate 3311 contacts the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate 339.

[0039] The outer top rod 31 has multiple first side openings 36 on the side away from the supporting structure 2, corresponding to multiple buffer components 33. The bottom surface of the outer top rod 31 has a first bottom opening 37 corresponding to the first side openings 36. The outer bottom rod 32 has multiple second side openings 38 on the side away from the supporting structure 2, corresponding to multiple buffer components 33. The side wall of the L-shaped plate 339 is inserted into the first side opening 36, the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate 339 is inserted into the first bottom opening 37, and the lower short plate 3310 is inserted into the second side openings 38. The side walls of both the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32 are... Multiple reflective strips 318 are uniformly fixed and connected to the inner plate 337 and the plate body 331 through the insertion connection. The overall height of the buffer assembly 33 can be changed. According to the required height, different numbers of support cross plates 3311 can be set. With the adjustment of the side support assembly 34 and the middle support assembly 35, the overall height of the protective structure 3 can be changed. This can adapt to different vehicle installations and ensure that the distance between the bottom of the protective structure 3 and the ground and the distance between the top of the protective structure 3 and the vehicle floor plate meet the regulations. It can adapt to different vehicle models.

[0040] Multiple first short posts 39 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the first side opening 36. A first threaded head 310 is fixedly connected to the end of each first short post 39. Multiple first through holes 3313 are opened on the side wall of the L-shaped plate 339 corresponding to the positions of the multiple first short posts 39. The first short posts 39 are inserted into the first through holes 3313. The first threaded head 310 is threadedly connected to a nut 316. Multiple threaded through holes 313 are vertically opened on the outer push rod 31 corresponding to the position of the first bottom opening 37. Multiple third threads are opened on the bottom top surface of the L-shaped plate 339 directly below the multiple threaded through holes 313. Through hole 3315, threaded through hole 313 threaded connection to top bolt 314, bottom end of top bolt 314 fixed to insert post 315, insert post 315 inserted into third through hole 3315, multiple second short posts 311 evenly fixed to the side wall of second side opening 38, second thread head 312 fixed to the end of second short post 311, multiple second through holes 3314 opened on lower short plate 3310 corresponding to the positions of multiple second short posts 311, second short post 311 inserted into second through hole 3314, second thread head 312 threaded connection to lower nut 317.

[0041] The side support assembly 34 includes a first lower upright plate 341 and a first upper upright plate 342. The first lower upright plate 341 is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod 32 and the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod 32. A first side groove 343 is formed on the side of the first lower upright plate 341 near the support structure 2. The first upper upright plate 342 is slidably inserted into the first side groove 343. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first lower upright plate 341 is L-shaped. A first through groove 344 is formed on the side wall of the first lower upright plate 341. Two first positioning posts 345 are fixed to the bottom side wall of the first upper upright plate 342. The two first positioning posts 345 are located inside the first through groove 344. A first insert 347 is inserted into the first through groove 344. Multiple first positioning holes 349 are evenly opened on the 7. Two first positioning pins 345 are inserted into any two first positioning holes 349. Two first side openings 346 are opened on both sides of the middle of the first through groove 344. Two first side blocks 348 are fixed to both sides of the middle of the first insert 347. The first side blocks 348 are inserted into the first side openings 346. The side walls of the first side openings 346 are fixed to the first short studs 3410. A first through hole 3411 is opened horizontally on the first side block 348. The first short studs 3410 pass through the first through hole 3411 and are threaded to the first locking nut 3412. The height is adjusted by sliding the first upper plate 342 and the first lower plate 341, and locked in conjunction with the first insert 347.

[0042] The middle support assembly 35 includes a second lower upright plate 351 and a second upper upright plate 352. The second lower upright plate 351 is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod 32 and the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod 32. A second side groove 353 is formed on the side of the second lower upright plate 351 near the support structure 2. The second upper upright plate 352 is slidably inserted into the second side groove 353. The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the second lower upright plate 351 is U-shaped. A second through groove 354 is formed on the side wall of the second lower upright plate 351. Two second positioning posts 355 are fixed to the bottom side wall of the second upper upright plate 352. The two second positioning posts 355 are located inside the second through groove 354. A second insert 357 is inserted into the second through groove 354. Multiple second positioning holes 359 are evenly opened on the 7. Two second positioning pins 355 are inserted into any two second positioning holes 359. Two second side openings 356 are opened on both sides of the middle of the second through groove 354. Two second side blocks 358 are fixed to both sides of the middle of the second insert 357. The second side blocks 358 are inserted into the second side openings 356. The side walls of the second side openings 356 are fixed to the second short studs 3510. A second through hole 3511 is opened horizontally on the second side block 358. The second short studs 3510 pass through the second through hole 3511 and are threaded to the second locking nut 3512. The height is adjusted by sliding the second upper plate 352 and the second lower plate 351, and locked in conjunction with the second insert 357.

[0043] The support structure 2 includes a top rod 21 and a wide plate 22. Two vertical brackets 23 are fixed between the top rod 21 and the two ends of the wide plate 22. The side wall of the wide plate 22 has multiple side slots 24 corresponding to the positions of multiple buffer components 33. A support plate 25 is vertically slidably arranged on the side slots 24. The support plate 25 contacts the side wall of the plate 331. The side wall of the support plate 25 has multiple positioning holes 26 corresponding to the positions of multiple positioning round plates 336. The positioning holes 26 are inserted into the positioning round plates 336. The top rod 21 is fixed to the side wall of the outer top rod 31. The support plate 25 is used to provide support for the buffer components 33.

[0044] Two guide frames 27 are fixedly embedded in the bottom sidewalls of the side slot 24. The top of the guide frame 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top rod body 21. The sidewall of the guide frame 27 has a guide opening 28. The top sidewall of the support plate 25 is fixedly connected to two guide blocks 215. The guide blocks 215 are vertically slidably connected to the guide opening 28. Two side rods 29 are fixedly embedded in the bottom sidewalls of the side slot 24. The top of the side rod 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top rod body 21. Two ear blocks 216 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the support plate 25. The ear blocks 216 slide in contact with the surface of the side rod 29. Multiple threaded holes 210 are evenly opened on the side rod 29. A fourth through hole 217 is horizontally opened on the ear block 216. The fourth through hole 217 is inserted into the positioning bolt 218. The end of the positioning bolt 218 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 210. The abutment rod 211 provides support for the support plate 25, thereby supporting the buffer assembly 33. The abutment rod 211, the square rod 213, and the third diagonal support rod 212 form a triangular structure to ensure structural stability.

[0045] A stop rod 211 is vertically fixed between the top rod body 21 and the wide plate 22, located between the two guide frames 27. The stop rod 211 contacts the side wall of the support plate 25. A square rod 213 is fixed to the side of the top rod body 21 near the mounting structure 1, directly above the stop rod 211. A third diagonal brace 212 is fixed between the square rod 213 and the stop rod 211. Two U-shaped frames 220 are fixed to both ends of the top rod body 21 and the wide plate 22 near the mounting structure 1. Multiple middle rods 219 are vertically fixed between the top rod body 21 and the wide plate 22.

[0046] Two uprights 16 are fixed to the side walls at both ends of the base plate 11. A first diagonal brace 17 is fixed between the side wall of the uprights 16 and the bottom surface of the base plate 11. A second diagonal brace 18 is fixed between the side wall of the first diagonal brace 17 and the bottom surface of the base plate 11. A U-shaped groove 112 is formed on the side wall of the uprights 16. A U-shaped frame 220 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 112. Multiple elongated through holes 113 are horizontally formed on the U-shaped groove 112. Multiple transverse through holes 221 are horizontally formed on the U-shaped frame 220 corresponding to the positions of the multiple elongated through holes 113. Multiple set nuts 222 are fixedly sleeved at the ends of the side walls of the U-shaped frame 220 corresponding to the positions of the multiple transverse through holes 221. 221 and the long through hole 113 are connected to the long bolt 223. The long bolt 223 is threaded to the set nut 222. The bottom surface of the base plate 11 is fixedly embedded with steel rods 19 at the corresponding positions of square rods 213. The bottom inner side of the steel rod 19 has a bottom groove 110. The square rod 213 is inserted into the bottom groove 110. The inner end of the bottom groove 110 is fixed to the positioning cross post 111. The end of the square rod 213 has a positioning square opening 214. The positioning cross post 111 is inserted into the positioning square opening 214. The installation is carried out by insertion and threading, which facilitates the separation of the support structure 2 and the installation structure 1, and facilitates the later inspection of the vehicle chassis.

[0047] During installation, the mounting plate 12 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle beam. If the ground clearance of the protective structure 3 needs to be adjusted to suit the vehicle model, first remove the top bolt 314, upper nut 316, and lower nut 317 to remove the buffer assembly 33. Then, pull the inner plate 337 out of the plate body 331. According to the required height, insert the corresponding number of support cross plates 3311 onto the inner plate 337. Then, insert the inner plate 337 back into the plate body 331. Afterward, remove the first locking nut 3412 from the side support assembly 34 and remove the first insert 347. Finally, remove the second locking nut 3512 from the middle support assembly 35. Remove and detach the second insert 357. At this point, the outer bottom rod 32 can be removed. After removing the positioning bolt 218, change the position of the support plate 25 to align it with the position of the plate 331 of the buffer assembly 33. Then, reinstall the positioning bolt 218 and reinstall the buffer assembly 33 between the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32. Install the return bolt 314, upper nut 316, and lower nut 317. At this point, the distance between the outer top rod 31 and the outer bottom rod 32 is determined. Insert the first insert 347 back into the first through slot 344 and install the first locking nut 3412. Insert the second insert 357 back into the second through slot 354 and install the first locking nut 3412. Two locking nuts 3512 can be used to adjust the height of the bottom of the protective structure 3 from the ground. The outer plate 333 of the buffer assembly 33 serves as the impact surface, and multiple iron plates 332 are arranged between it and the plate body 331, forming multiple hexagonal cavities 335. When the outer plate 333 is impacted, the multiple iron plates 332 will undergo progressive crushing and bending deformation, thus orderly and controllably dissipating the enormous kinetic energy generated by the collision. When the buffer assembly 33 is impacted, the impact force is transmitted to the buffer plate 13, causing the multiple buffer cavities 14 to buckle, fold, and crush progressively and stably. The polyurethane foam 15 is compressed, consuming a large amount of kinetic energy. This results in a relatively low force transmitted to the vehicle beam, and there will be no huge peak force, significantly reducing the force on the vehicle beam. The overall height of the buffer assembly 33 can be changed. Depending on the required height, different numbers of support cross plates 3311 can be set. In conjunction with the adjustment of the side support assembly 34 and the middle support assembly 35, the overall height of the protective structure 3 can be changed. This can adapt to different vehicle installations, ensuring that the distance between the bottom of the protective structure 3 and the ground, and the distance between the top of the protective structure 3 and the vehicle floor plate, all meet the requirements and can adapt to different vehicle models.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail, comprising an installation structure (1), characterized in that: A support structure (2) is provided on one side of the installation structure (1), and a protective structure (3) is provided on the side of the support structure (2) away from the installation structure (1). The protective structure (3) includes an outer top rod (31) and an outer bottom rod (32). The outer top rod (31) is located directly above the outer bottom rod (32). Multiple buffer components (33) are evenly arranged between the outer top rod (31) and the outer bottom rod (32). Two side support components (34) are provided between the two ends of the outer top rod (31) and the outer bottom rod (32). Multiple middle support components (35) are provided between the outer top rod (31) and the outer bottom rod (32) at the position between the multiple buffer components (33). The buffer assembly (33) includes a plate (331), with multiple positioning circular plates (336) fixed to the side of the plate (331) near the support structure (2), multiple iron plates (332) fixed to the side of the plate (331) away from the support structure (2), an outer plate (333) fixed to the side of the multiple iron plates (332) away from the plate (331), two bent portions (334) fixed to both sides of the outer plate (333), the ends of the multiple iron plates (332) connected to each other, and a hexagonal cavity (335) opened between the multiple iron plates (332); The mounting structure (1) includes a base plate (11) and a mounting top plate (12). The mounting top plate (12) is located above the base plate (11). A buffer plate (13) is fixed between the base plate (11) and the mounting top plate (12). Multiple buffer cavities (14) are evenly and vertically opened on the buffer plate (13). The buffer cavities (14) are filled with polyurethane foam (15).

2. The multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (33) further includes an inner plate (337). The top of the plate body (331) has an opening (338). The inner plate (337) is slidably inserted into the opening (338). The top of the inner plate (337) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (339). The bottom of the plate body (331) is fixedly connected to a lower short plate (3310). Multiple support horizontal plates (3311) are sleeved on the inner plate (337) between the L-shaped plate (339) and the plate body (331). An inner opening (3312) is vertically opened on the support horizontal plate (3311). The inner opening (3312) is slidably sleeved onto the inner plate (337). The bottom surface of the lowermost support horizontal plate (3311) contacts the top surface of the plate body (331), and the top surface of the uppermost support horizontal plate (3311) contacts the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate (339).

3. The multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer top rod (31) has multiple first side openings (36) on the side away from the support structure (2) corresponding to multiple buffer components (33). The bottom surface of the outer top rod (31) has a first bottom opening (37) corresponding to the first side opening (36). The outer bottom rod (32) has multiple second side openings (38) on the side away from the support structure (2) corresponding to multiple buffer components (33). The side wall of the L-shaped plate (339) is inserted into the first side opening (36). The bottom surface of the L-shaped plate (339) is inserted into the first bottom opening (37). The lower short plate (3310) is inserted into the second side opening (38). Multiple reflective strips (318) are evenly fixed to the side walls of the outer top rod (31) and the outer bottom rod (32).

4. The multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple first short posts (39) are fixed to the side wall of the first side opening (36), and a first threaded head (310) is fixed to the end of the first short post (39). Multiple first through holes (3313) are opened on the side wall of the L-shaped plate (339) corresponding to the positions of the multiple first short posts (39). The first short posts (39) are inserted into the first through holes (3313). The first threaded head (310) is threadedly connected to a nut (316). Multiple threaded through holes (313) are vertically opened on the outer push rod (31) corresponding to the position of the first bottom opening (37). Multiple third through holes are opened on the bottom top surface of the L-shaped plate (339) directly below the multiple threaded through holes (313). 3315), the threaded through hole (313) is threaded to the top bolt (314), the bottom end of the top bolt (314) is fixed to the insert (315), the insert (315) is inserted into the third through hole (3315), multiple second short columns (311) are evenly fixed to the side wall of the second side opening (38), the end of the second short column (311) is fixed to the second thread head (312), multiple second through holes (3314) are opened on the lower short plate (3310) corresponding to the positions of multiple second short columns (311), the second short column (311) is inserted into the second through hole (3314), and the second thread head (312) is threaded to the lower nut (317).

5. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side support assembly (34) includes a first lower upright plate (341) and a first upper upright plate (342). The first lower upright plate (341) is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod (32) and the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod (32). A first side groove (343) is formed on the side of the first lower upright plate (341) near the support structure (2). The first upper upright plate (342) is slidably inserted into the first side groove (343). The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the first lower upright plate (341) is L-shaped. A first through groove (344) is formed on the side wall of the first lower upright plate (341). Two first positioning posts (345) are fixed to the bottom side wall of the first upper upright plate (342). The two first positioning posts (345) are located inside the first through groove (344). The first through groove (344) is inserted into the first insert (347). The first insert (347) has a plurality of first positioning holes (349) evenly opened. Two first positioning pins (345) are inserted into any two of the first positioning holes (349). Two first side openings (346) are opened on both sides of the middle of the first through groove (344). Two first side blocks (348) are fixed to both sides of the middle of the first insert (347). The first side blocks (348) are inserted into the first side openings (346). The sidewall of the first side openings (346) is fixed to the first short stud (3410). A first through hole (3411) is opened horizontally on the first side block (348). The first short stud (3410) passes through the first through hole (3411) and is threadedly connected to the first locking nut (3412).

6. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle support component (35) includes a second lower upright plate (351) and a second upper upright plate (352). The second lower upright plate (351) is fixed to the top surface of the end of the outer bottom rod (32) and the bottom surface of the end of the outer bottom rod (32). A second side groove (353) is opened on the side of the second lower upright plate (351) near the support structure (2). The second upper upright plate (352) is slidably inserted into the second side groove (353). The horizontal cross-sectional shape of the second lower upright plate (351) is U-shaped. A second through groove (354) is opened on the side wall of the second lower upright plate (351). Two second positioning posts (355) are fixed to the bottom side wall of the second upper upright plate (352). The two second positioning posts (355) are located inside the second through groove (354). The second through groove (354) is inserted into the second insert (357). The second insert (357) has a plurality of second positioning holes (359) evenly opened. Two second positioning pins (355) are inserted into any two of the second positioning holes (359). Two second side openings (356) are opened on both sides of the middle of the second through groove (354). Two second side blocks (358) are fixed to both sides of the middle of the second insert (357). The second side blocks (358) are inserted into the second side openings (356). The sidewall of the second side openings (356) is fixed to the second short studs (3510). A second through hole (3511) is opened horizontally on the second side block (358). The second short studs (3510) pass through the second through hole (3511) and are threadedly connected to the second locking nut (3512).

7. The multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure (2) includes a top rod body (21) and a wide plate (22). Two vertical brackets (23) are fixed between the top rod body (21) and the two ends of the wide plate (22). The side wall of the wide plate (22) is provided with multiple side slots (24) corresponding to multiple buffer components (33). A support plate (25) is vertically slidably arranged on the side slot (24). The support plate (25) contacts the side wall of the plate body (331). The side wall of the support plate (25) is provided with multiple positioning holes (26) corresponding to multiple positioning round plates (336). The positioning holes (26) are inserted into the positioning round plates (336). The top rod body (21) is fixed on the side wall of the outer top rod (31).

8. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two guide frames (27) are fixedly embedded in the bottom sidewalls of the side slot (24). The top of the guide frame (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top rod body (21). A guide opening (28) is opened in the sidewall of the guide frame (27). Two guide blocks (215) are fixedly connected to the top sidewall of the support plate (25). The guide blocks (215) are vertically slidably connected to the guide opening (28). Two side rods (29) are fixedly embedded in the bottom sidewalls of both sides of the side slot (24). The top of the side rods (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom sidewalls of the side slot (24). The bottom surface of the top rod body (21) is connected to two lugs (216) on both sides of the top surface of the support plate (25). The lugs (216) slide in contact with the surface of the side rod (29). Multiple threaded holes (210) are evenly opened on the side rod (29). A fourth through hole (217) is horizontally opened on the lugs (216). A positioning bolt (218) is inserted into the fourth through hole (217). The end of the positioning bolt (218) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (210).

9. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top rod body (21) and the wide plate (22) are vertically fixed to a stop rod (211) between the two guide frames (27). The stop rod (211) contacts the side wall of the support plate (25). The top rod body (21) is fixed to a square rod (213) on the side near the mounting structure (1) directly above the stop rod (211). The square rod (213) and the stop rod (211) are fixed to a third diagonal brace (212). The top rod body (21) and the wide plate (22) are fixed to two U-shaped frames (220) on the sides near the mounting structure (1). The top rod body (21) and the wide plate (22) are vertically fixed to multiple middle rods (219).

10. A multi-cavity energy-absorbing vehicle side guardrail according to claim 9, characterized in that: Two uprights (16) are fixed to the side walls at both ends of the base plate (11). A first diagonal brace (17) is fixed between the side wall of the upright (16) and the bottom surface of the base plate (11). A second diagonal brace (18) is fixed between the side wall of the first diagonal brace (17) and the bottom surface of the base plate (11). A U-shaped groove (112) is opened on the side wall of the upright (16). A U-shaped frame (220) is inserted into the U-shaped groove (112). Multiple elongated through holes (113) are horizontally opened on the U-shaped groove (112). Multiple horizontal through holes (221) are horizontally opened on the U-shaped frame (220) corresponding to the positions of the multiple elongated through holes (113). The side wall of the U-shaped frame (220) corresponds to the multiple horizontal through holes (221). 1) Multiple fixed nuts (222) are fixedly sleeved at the end position. Long bolts (223) are inserted into the horizontal through hole (221) and the long through hole (113). The long bolts (223) are threaded to the fixed nuts (222). A steel rod (19) is fixedly embedded on the bottom surface of the base plate (11) corresponding to the position of each square rod (213). A bottom groove (110) is opened on the inner side of the bottom of the steel rod (19). The square rod (213) is inserted into the bottom groove (110). A positioning horizontal column (111) is fixedly connected to the inner end of the bottom groove (110). A positioning square opening (214) is opened at the end of the square rod (213). The positioning horizontal column (111) is inserted into the positioning square opening (214).

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