Vertical layered ore grinding machine and ore grinding method

Abstract

The invention provides a vertical layered ore grinding machine and an ore grinding method. The vertical layered ore grinding machine comprises a bottom plate, a barrel is arranged on the bottom plate, and a feeding opening is formed in the top of the barrel; and an annular grinding groove is formed in the cylinder body, and the top of the grinding groove communicates with the feeding opening. A plurality of grinding groove layers are arranged in the grinding groove, each grinding layer comprises a fixing disc and a grinding wheel, the fixing discs are arranged in the grinding groove, the grinding wheels are arranged on the edge of the rotary disc, a grinding channel is formed between the grinding wheels and the grinding groove, and the rotary disc rotates to drive the grinding wheels to grind materials in the grinding channel. The grinding wheel comprises a wheel disc and a mounting head, the mounting head is arranged at the bottom of the wheel disc, and a plurality of sealing structures are arranged between the mounting head and the wheel disc, for example, 2-3 oil seals can be arranged. According to the grinding machine, the ore crushing degree can be more controllable, so that the ore crushing quality is improved; and the sealing performance is outstanding, and the grinding machine can be suitable for grinding dry and wet materials.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ore grinding equipment, and in particular to a vertical layered ore grinding machine and an ore grinding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The crushing and grinding of ores is a key process in the mineral processing, metallurgy, building material and other industries, and the efficiency and particle size control level directly affect the subsequent separation effect and the quality of the final product. At present, the grinding equipment widely used in the industrial field mainly includes horizontal ball mills, vertical stirring mills and the like.

[0003] The horizontal ball mill is the most traditional grinding equipment, which drives the internal grinding medium (such as steel balls) to impact and grind the material through the rotation of the cylinder. However, this equipment has obvious defects: firstly, it adopts a horizontal layout, and the material is mainly lifted to a certain height after the rotation of the cylinder and then falls to achieve mixing and grinding, so the energy utilization rate is low and the energy consumption is large; secondly, the entire grinding process is completed in a single chamber, and different particle sizes of the material are mixed together, so the particles that have reached the required fineness cannot be separated in time, leading to the phenomenon of "over-grinding", which not only wastes energy but also produces mud particles that are not conducive to separation, and the final product has a wide particle size distribution and poor control precision.

[0004] In order to overcome some of the shortcomings of the horizontal ball mill, the vertical stirring mill has been developed. This type of equipment usually adopts a vertically arranged grinding cylinder, and the inside is rotated by the main shaft to drive the stirrer, and the grinding medium is agitated to produce stronger shearing and grinding action. Compared with the horizontal ball mill, the vertical stirring mill has certain improvement in energy efficiency and more compact structure. However, most of the existing vertical stirring mills still belong to the single-stage or simple partition grinding mode, and the material in the grinding chamber generally undergoes a continuous grinding process from top to bottom, so it is difficult to achieve a strictly controlled step-by-step crushing; in addition, the existing vertical stirring mill has poor sealing performance, and can only be used for grinding dry materials, but cannot be used for grinding wet materials.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing crushing and grinding equipment of ores to overcome the defects of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the problems in the related art, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a vertical layered ore grinding machine, which can realize layer-by-layer grinding of ores, so that the degree of ore crushing is more controllable, thereby improving the quality of ore crushing.

[0007] A vertical layered ore grinding machine comprises: a bottom plate, a vertically arranged cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate, and a feeding port is arranged at the top of the cylinder; a vertical grinding groove is arranged in the interior of the cylinder, and the top of the grinding groove is communicated with the feeding port; A plurality of grinding layers are arranged in the axial direction of the grinding groove, each of the grinding layers comprising a fixed disc arranged in the grinding groove and a grinding wheel arranged at the edge of the fixed disc, a grinding channel being formed between the grinding wheel and the grinding groove, the fixed disc rotating to drive the grinding wheel to grind the material in the grinding channel; the grinding wheel comprises a wheel disc and a mounting head arranged at the bottom of the wheel disc, a plurality of sealing structures being arranged between the mounting head and the wheel disc. The width of the grinding channel gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the grinding groove.

[0008] The grinding wheel is mounted in the rotating disc, and each grinding wheel has an independent guide rail between the grinding wheel and the rotating disc, the centrifugal force generated by the mass of the grinding wheel in the rotation of the rotating disc causing pressure between the grinding wheel and the grinding disc to achieve the grinding purpose.

[0009] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a driving system is further included, the driving system comprising a main shaft and a driving device, the main shaft being arranged in the cylinder along the axis of the cylinder, and the axis of the cylinder, the main shaft and the grinding wheel coinciding; one end of the main shaft penetrates through the bottom plate and is exposed outside the bottom plate, a bearing being arranged at the connection between the main shaft and the bottom plate, a protective cover being arranged at the periphery of the bearing, the protective cover completely covering the bearing; a plurality of flaps are arranged on the inner wall of the protective cover and are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the protective cover along the circumferential direction of the protective cover. The fixed disc is detachably arranged on the main shaft, and the driving device drives the rotation of the main shaft to drive the rotation of the fixed disc.

[0010] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a clamping block is arranged on the main shaft, a mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the fixed disc, a clamping groove is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the clamping block is clamped with the clamping groove.

[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, an upper cover is arranged at the top of the cylinder, the main shaft is rotationally connected with the upper cover, and the upper cover is provided with the feeding port.

[0012] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a stirring plate is further arranged on the main shaft, the stirring plate being fixed on the main shaft and arranged between the upper cover and the grinding layer. A plurality of stirring strips are arranged at the top of the stirring plate, each of the stirring strips being arranged in an S shape, and the stirring strips being uniformly distributed on the stirring plate along the circumferential direction of the stirring plate.

[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a groove is arranged on the inner wall of the grinding groove, the groove corresponding to the grinding wheel.

[0014] In the preferable technical scheme of the present application, the edge of the fixed disc is provided with a plurality of installation sites; the bottom of the installation site is provided with a sliding slot; the fixed disc is circularly arranged, and the length direction of the sliding slot is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed disc; and the installation head is clamped in the sliding slot.

[0015] In the preferable technical scheme of the present application, the sliding slot comprises a first slot body and a second slot body which are communicated with each other, the second slot body is arranged on one side of the first slot body, and the width of the second slot body is smaller than that of the first slot body; one end of the installation head is clamped in the first slot body, the opposite end penetrates through the second slot body and is connected with the wheel disc, and a bearing is arranged at the connection between the wheel disc and the installation head.

[0016] In the preferable technical scheme of the present application, the inner wall of the grinding groove, the fixed disc and the outer wall of the grinding wheel are all provided with wear-resistant coating.

[0017] The second object of the present application is to provide a mineral grinding method based on the vertical stratified mineral grinding machine as described above. The method comprises: obtaining the grinding size requirement of the mineral; arranging different number of grinding layers in the grinding groove according to the grinding size requirement of the mineral; putting the mineral into the grinding machine for grinding.

[0018] The present application has the following beneficial effects: The vertical layered ore grinder provided by the present application comprises a bottom plate, a vertically arranged barrel body arranged on the bottom plate, and a feed inlet arranged at the top of the barrel body; a vertical grinding groove is arranged in the barrel body, and the top of the grinding groove is communicated with the feed inlet; a plurality of grinding layers are arranged in the grinding groove along the axial direction, each grinding layer comprises a fixed disc arranged in the grinding groove and a grinding wheel arranged at the edge of the fixed disc, a grinding channel is formed between the grinding wheel and the grinding groove, the fixed disc drives the grinding wheel to grind the material in the grinding channel, and the width of the grinding channel gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the grinding groove.

[0019] The present application also provides an ore grinding method based on the above grinding machine, which can flexibly adjust the number of grinding layers according to the grinding requirements of the ore, is flexible to use, and can ensure the grinding quality of the ore. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the vertical layered ore grinder provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1; Figure 1 Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a front view provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the vertical layered ore grinder provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of the inside of the grinding wheel provided in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inside of the protective cover provided in the embodiments of the present application;​ Figure 7 is a flow chart of the ore grinding method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0021] Reference signs: 1, bottom plate; 2, forming mold; 21, upper cover; 211, feeding port; 3, main shaft; 4, poking plate; 41, poking strip; 5, grinding layer; 51, grinding wheel; 511, mounting head; 512, wheel disc; 513, sealing structure; 52, fixed disc; 521, sliding slot; 5211, first slot body; 5212, second slot body; 522, mounting position; 53, fixed disc; 6, grinding groove; 61, groove; 7, protective cover; 71, flapper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0023] The terminology used in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "and / or," as used herein, refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0024] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. can be employed in this disclosure to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one piece of information from another. For example, a first information can also be termed a second information, and, similarly, a second information can also be termed a first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the features defined with "first," "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0025] In the prior art, to overcome the shortcomings of horizontal ball mills, vertical stirred mills have been developed. Such devices generally use a vertically arranged grinding cylinder, inside which a stirrer is driven to rotate by a main shaft, and the grinding media therein are agitated to produce stronger shearing and grinding effects. Compared with horizontal ball mills, vertical stirred mills have certain improvements in energy efficiency and are more compact in structure. However, most of the existing vertical stirred mills still belong to single-stage or simple zoned grinding modes, and the material in the grinding chamber generally undergoes a continuous grinding process from top to bottom, which is difficult to achieve a strictly controlled step-by-step crushing.

[0026] Therefore, the present application provides a vertical layered ore grinding mill to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0027] Embodiment 1 As shown in the figure, the vertical layered ore grinding mill provided in this embodiment comprises: Figures 1-6 a bottom plate 1, on which a vertically arranged cylinder is arranged, the top of the cylinder is provided with a feed inlet 211; a vertical grinding groove 6 is arranged inside the cylinder, and the top of the grinding groove 6 is in communication with the feed inlet 211; specifically, the top of the cylinder is provided with an upper cover 21, the main shaft 3 is rotationally fitted with the upper cover 21, and the upper cover 21 is provided with the feed inlet 211. In the axial direction, a plurality of grinding layers 5 are arranged in the grinding groove 6, each of the grinding layers 5 comprises a fixed disc 52 and a grinding wheel 51, the fixed disc 52 is arranged in the grinding groove 6, the grinding wheel 51 is arranged at the edge of the fixed disc 52, a grinding passage is formed between the grinding wheel 51 and the grinding groove 6, and the fixed disc 52 drives the grinding wheel 51 to grind the material in the grinding passage; the grinding wheel 51 comprises a wheel disc 512 and a mounting head 511, the mounting head 511 is arranged at the bottom of the wheel disc 512, and a plurality of sealing structures 513 are arranged between the mounting head 511 and the wheel disc 512; specifically, in actual application, the mounting head 511 is arranged below and the wheel disc 512 is arranged above in an inverted manner, which can increase the sealing between the wheel disc 512 and the mounting head 511, so that the material being ground is not easy to enter the connection between the wheel disc 512 and the mounting head 511 under the action of gravity. Moreover, a plurality of sealing structures 513, for example, 2-3 oil seals can be arranged between the wheel disc 512 and the mounting head 511, thereby improving the sealing between the wheel disc 512 and the mounting head 511, so that the grinding mill can be used for dry and wet grinding.

[0028] In the direction from the top to the bottom of the grinding groove 6, the width of the grinding passage gradually decreases.

[0029]

[0030] ​Specifically, the bottom plate 1 serves as a support base of the device and provides a stable mounting base for the entire device; a vertical cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1, which provides a closed working space for ore grinding; the top of the cylinder is provided with an upper cover 21 (the upper cover 21 is detachably connected with the cylinder through a flange or the like), and the upper cover 21 is provided with a feeding port 211 for feeding ore raw materials.

[0031] The top of the grinding groove 6 is communicated with the feeding port 211 of the upper cover 21, and the ore fed from the feeding port 211 can directly enter the grinding groove 6. Along the axis direction of the grinding groove 6, a plurality of grinding layers 5 are arranged at intervals. The fixed disc 52 of the grinding layer 5 is horizontally arranged in the grinding groove 6, the center of the fixed disc 52 corresponds to the axis of the grinding groove 6, and the fixed disc 52 provides a mounting carrier for the grinding wheel 51; the grinding wheel 51 is installed at the edge position of the fixed disc 52, and the outer peripheral surface of the grinding wheel 51 and the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 form a grinding channel, and the ore is ground and crushed in the channel.

[0032] Along the "top-to-bottom" direction of the grinding groove 6, the grinding channel width of each layer of the grinding layer 5 gradually decreases (for example, the upper layer grinding channel width is 12mm, the middle layer is 8mm, and the lower layer is 4mm; the specific width can be flexibly set according to the type of ore and the target finished product particle size).

[0033] The above-mentioned vertical layered ore grinding machine, in work, ore enters the top of the grinding groove 6 from the feeding port 211, and first falls into the upper layer grinding channel. The driving device drives the fixed disc 52 to rotate, and the grinding wheel 51 at the edge of the fixed disc 52 rotates synchronously, and the ore is preliminarily crushed under the extrusion and friction of the grinding wheel 51 and the inner wall of the grinding groove 6. The ore ground by the upper layer is further crushed in the middle layer grinding channel under the action of gravity. Due to the smaller width of the middle layer grinding channel, the ore is subjected to more detailed extrusion and grinding, and the particle size is further reduced. The ore continues to fall to the lower layer grinding channel, and the fine grinding is completed in the channel, and finally the ore powder with the required particle size is obtained and discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the grinding groove 6. The grinding groove 6 of the grinding machine is provided with a plurality of groups of "gradient width" grinding layers 5 along the axis, so that the ore successively experiences the layered grinding process of "coarse grinding-middle grinding-fine grinding", compared with the traditional "single grinding" equipment, the particle size of the crushed ore can be more accurately controlled to meet the specific needs of different scenes for the particle size of the ore. The multiple grinding layers 5 are stacked in the vertical direction, and the ore flows automatically to the lower layer under the action of gravity without the need for additional conveying devices, realizing "continuous" layer-by-layer grinding, which can reduce the transfer time between processes and significantly improve the overall grinding efficiency.

[0034] And the structure design of "vertical layering" compactly integrates a plurality of grinding mechanisms in the vertical direction in the cylinder and the grinding groove 6, which greatly saves the horizontal space occupation compared with the equipment with "horizontally arranged multiple grinding mechanisms", and is more suitable for production scenes with limited space resources such as factory workshops.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the grinding machine further comprises a driving system, the driving system comprising a main shaft 3 arranged in the barrel along the axis of the barrel, and a driving device, the axes of the barrel, the main shaft 3 and the grinding groove 6 coincide; one end of the main shaft is exposed outside the bottom plate through the through hole of the bottom plate, a bearing is arranged at the connection between the main shaft and the bottom plate, a protective cover 7 is arranged on the periphery of the bearing, the protective cover 7 completely covers the bearing; the inner wall of the protective cover 7 is provided with a plurality of flaps 71, and the plurality of flaps 71 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the protective cover 7 along the circumferential direction of the protective cover 7; specifically, the flaps 71 are arranged in an arc shape on the inner wall of the protective cover 7, and the protective cover 7 drives the flaps 71 to rotate when rotating, so as to throw away the ground material, reduce the material entering the bearing, and thus reduce the influence of the material on the bearing, which can improve the sealing performance of the bearing and prolong the service life of the bearing. The fixed disc 52 is detachably arranged on the main shaft 3, and the driving device drives the main shaft 3 to rotate to drive the fixed disc 52 to rotate.

[0036] Specifically, the main shaft 3 and the through hole of the bottom plate 1 are connected with a deep groove ball bearing, and the specific assembly mode is as follows: The inner ring of the bearing is in interference fit with the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 3, and is sleeved on the preset shaft shoulder of the main shaft 3 after heating the inner ring of the bearing, the end surface of the shaft shoulder is in contact with the end surface of the inner ring of the bearing, and the axial displacement of the bearing is limited. The outer ring of the bearing is in transition fit with the inner wall of the through hole of the bottom plate 1, and an annular step is arranged above the through hole of the bottom plate 1, the lower end surface of the outer ring of the bearing is in contact with the end surface of the annular step, and the upper end surface of the outer ring of the bearing is pressed by the circular gland below the bottom plate 1, the gland is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 1 by the inner hexagonal bolt, and the axial displacement of the outer ring of the bearing is further limited.

[0037] When the grinding machine is running, the driving device drives the main shaft 3 to rotate through the shaft coupling of the exposed end of the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 stably rotates in the through hole of the bottom plate 1 through the deep groove ball bearing, the inner ring of the bearing rotates synchronously with the main shaft 3, and the outer ring is fixed in the through hole of the bottom plate 1; the protective cover 7 always keeps a fixed state, the sealing ring and the dustproof felt ring in the protective cover 7 are sealed from the upper and lower sides of the main shaft 3 respectively, completely block the falling ore dust and debris in the grinding groove 6 and the dust and water vapor in the external environment from entering the inside of the bearing, and avoid the splashing of lubricating oil generated during the operation of the bearing, so as to ensure the long-term stable work of the bearing.

[0038] The driving device is installed outside the bottom plate 1 or the barrel, and the output end thereof is connected with the lower end (or the upper end) of the main shaft 3 through a shaft coupling for providing rotary power. The driving device is installed on the bottom plate 1, that is, the main shaft 3 is driven to rotate from the bottom, which can improve the sealing performance of the bearing on the main shaft and will not affect the feeding of the material at the top.

[0039] Further, the main shaft 3 is provided with a clamping block, the middle part of the fixed disc 52 is provided with a mounting hole, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping block is clamped with the clamping groove.

[0040] The outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 3 is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks (for example, four rectangular clamping blocks can be provided, which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main shaft 3); The middle part of the fixed disc 52 is provided with a mounting hole matched with the main shaft 3, and the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a clamping groove corresponding to the position of the clamping block (the shape of the clamping groove matches the clamping block, and the depth is slightly greater than the height of the clamping block); During assembly, the fixed disc 52 is sleeved on the main shaft 3 through the mounting hole, so that the clamping block is clamped with the clamping groove one by one, the circumferential fixing of the fixed disc 52 and the main shaft 3 is realized, and it is ensured that the fixed disc 52 can be synchronously driven to rotate when the main shaft 3 rotates.

[0041] The power transmission of the driving system and the grinding operation process are as follows: After the driving device is started, the torque is transmitted to the main shaft 3 through the shaft coupling, the main shaft 3 is driven to rotate around the axis thereof (the rotation speed can be adjusted according to the grinding requirement, for example, 50-300r / min). Since the fixed disc 52 is clamped with the main shaft 3 through the "clamping block-clamping groove" structure, the rotation force of the main shaft 3 is directly transmitted to the fixed disc 52, so that the fixed disc 52 rotates synchronously with the main shaft 3. When the fixed disc 52 rotates, the grinding wheel 51 at the edge of the fixed disc 52 rotates with the fixed disc 52, and the grinding channel formed by the fixed disc 52 and the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 produces extrusion and friction on the ore, so that the ore is layered ground (the upper layer is coarsely ground, and the lower layer is finely ground). When the fixed disc 52 needs to be replaced (for example, the number or specification of the grinding wheel 51 needs to be adjusted), the fixed disc 52 is lifted upward along the axis of the main shaft 3, so that the clamping groove is separated from the clamping block, and then the old fixed disc 52 can be removed. When the new fixed disc 52 is replaced, it is pressed downward at the position of the clamping groove and the clamping block, and the clamping is completed, so that the operation is convenient.

[0042] Further, the main shaft 3 is further provided with a material stirring plate 4, the material stirring plate 4 is fixed on the main shaft 3 and is arranged between the upper cover 21 and the grinding layer 5; The top of the material stirring plate 4 is provided with a plurality of material stirring strips 41, each of the material stirring strips 41 is arranged in an S shape, and the plurality of material stirring strips 41 are uniformly distributed on the material stirring plate 4 along the circumferential direction of the material stirring plate 4. Further, the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 is provided with a groove 61, and the groove 61 corresponds to the grinding wheel 51.

[0043] The material stirring plate 4 is circular, the center is fixed on the main shaft 3 by a key connection or a welding method, and rotates synchronously with the main shaft 3; The top surface of the stirring plate 4 is upwardly convex with a plurality of stirring strips 41 (6 in this embodiment), each of which is in an "S-shaped" curved structure, and the plurality of stirring strips 41 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the stirring plate 4. After the ore is poured into the feeding port 211, it first falls onto the stirring plate 4. The main shaft 3 drives the stirring plate 4 to rotate, and when the S-shaped stirring strip 41 rotates with the stirring plate 4, it uses its curved structure to produce a "pushing-shunting" effect on the ore. On the one hand, it pushes the accumulated ore to the edge of the stirring plate 4, and on the other hand, it uniformly disperses the ore through the S-shaped curved surface, avoiding the ore from falling into a certain area, so that the ore falls uniformly to the upper grinding channel.

[0044] The dispersed ore enters the upper grinding channel, and when the grinding wheel 51 rotates, its outer periphery forms a "convex-concave" matching structure with the groove 61 on the inner wall of the grinding groove 6. Under the extrusion of the grinding wheel 51, the ore not only receives radial pressure, but also additional shear force due to the blocking of the groove 61, accelerating the rough grinding process; middle and lower layer grinding: as the ore falls, the grinding wheels 51 of the middle and lower layers continue to cooperate with the corresponding grooves 61. Due to the gradually decreasing width of the grinding channel and the gradually increasing staggered action of the grooves 61 and the grinding wheels 51, the shear and extrusion force on the ore gradually increases, finally achieving accurate medium grinding and fine grinding, and discharging from the bottom of the grinding groove 6.

[0045] The S-shaped stirring strip 41 breaks the accumulation of the ore through the curved structure and the circumferential uniform distribution design, uniformly disperses the ore poured into the feeding port 211 to the entire cross section of the grinding groove 6, avoids the problem of excessive local grinding wheel 51 load or insufficient grinding caused by the concentration of the ore, ensures the balanced stress of each grinding layer 5, and improves the stability of the overall grinding quality.

[0046] The groove 61 on the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 forms a "concave-convex matching" structure with the grinding wheel 51, so that the ore receives both extrusion and shear forces during the grinding process. Compared with the traditional smooth inner wall of the grinding groove 6, the crushing efficiency can be improved; especially for high-hardness ore, the shear action can more efficiently destroy the internal structure of the ore, reducing the grinding time.

[0047] Further, the edge of the fixed disc 52 is provided with a plurality of mounting sites 522; the bottom of the mounting site 522 is provided with a sliding groove 521; the fixed disc 52 is circularly arranged, and the length direction of the sliding groove 521 is arranged along the radial direction of the fixed disc 52; and the mounting head 511 is clamped in the sliding groove 521.

[0048] Further, the sliding groove 521 comprises a first groove body 5211 and a second groove body 5212 in communication with each other, the second groove body 5212 is arranged at one side of the first groove body 5211, and the width of the second groove body 5212 is smaller than that of the first groove body 5211; one end of the mounting head 511 is clamped in the first groove body 5211, and the other end penetrates through the second groove body 5212 and is connected with the wheel disc 512, and a bearing 53 is arranged at the connection between the wheel disc 512 and the mounting head 511.

[0049] The sliding groove 521 is composed of the first groove body 5211 and the second groove body 5212, which are in radial communication along the fixed disc 52; wherein the first groove body 5211 is close to the center side of the fixed disc 52, and the cross section is rectangular; the second groove body 5212 is close to the edge side of the fixed disc 52, and the width is smaller than that of the first groove body 5211, forming a "wide-narrow" stepped structure. During assembly, the mounting head 511 of the grinding wheel 51 is inserted into the sliding groove 521 from the edge side (the second groove body 5212 end) of the fixed disc 52. The width of the second groove body 5212 is slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting head 511, which can limit the circumferential deviation of the mounting head 511, preventing the grinding wheel 51 from being separated from the sliding groove 521 during rotation. The whole assembly does not need bolts or welding, and is fixed by the clamping of the "stepped mounting head 511 and double groove body". When disassembling, the mounting head 511 is pushed along the sliding groove 521 to the center side of the fixed disc 52, and the grinding wheel 51 can be taken out from the mounting position 522.

[0050] During work, the driving device drives the main shaft 3 to rotate, and the main shaft 3 drives the fixed disc 52 to rotate synchronously through the "clamping block-clamping groove" structure (i.e. the "revolution" of the fixed disc 52); the grinding wheel 51 at the edge of the fixed disc 52 revolves around the main shaft 3 together with the fixed disc 52, and the outer periphery of the wheel disc 512 forms a grinding channel with the inner wall of the grinding groove 6.

[0051] When the grinding wheel 51 revolves, the outer periphery of the wheel disc 512 contacts the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 (or the ore) to generate a friction force, which is transmitted to the deep groove ball bearing 53 at the connection through the wheel disc 512, driving the wheel disc 512 to rotate around the axis of the mounting head 511 (i.e. the "rotation" of the wheel disc 512); the compound motion of revolution and rotation makes the wheel disc 512 produce "extrusion + shear + rolling grinding" multiple effects on the ore.

[0052] Self-adaptive adjustment of grinding gap: since the sliding groove 521 extends radially along the fixed disc 52, when the particle size of the ore in the grinding channel fluctuates (such as the presence of larger particles of ore in some parts), the radial extrusion force of the ore on the wheel disc 512 will push the mounting head 511 to slide slightly along the sliding groove 521 to the center side of the fixed disc 52, increasing the width of the local grinding channel and avoiding the wheel disc 512 from being stuck; after the large particles of ore are crushed, the mounting head 511 is reset under the action of centrifugal force, restoring the original grinding gap and ensuring the stability of the grinding precision.

[0053] The "revolution + rotation" compound motion of the wheel disc 512 of the present application increases the shearing and rolling grinding effect on the ore compared with the grinding wheel 51 that only revolves: on the one hand, it can quickly destroy the internal structure of the ore and reduce the grinding time; on the other hand, it can avoid the over-grinding phenomenon caused by repeated extrusion of the ore, and improve the particle size uniformity of the ore powder.

[0054] Further, the inner wall of the grinding groove 6, the fixed disc 52 and the outer wall of the grinding wheel 51 are all provided with wear-resistant coating.

[0055] The wear-resistant coating fully covers the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 (including the groove 61 area corresponding to the grinding wheel 51), the upper surface and the edge mounting position 522 of the fixed disc 52, and the outer wall of the wheel disc 512 of the grinding wheel 51 (i.e. the outer circumferential surface directly contacted with the ore).

[0056] Before layer preparation, the surface of each component needs to be sandblasted (sandblasting particle size 80-120 mesh, surface roughness Ra 3.2-6.3 μm) to remove the surface oxide layer and oil stains, enhance the bonding force of the coating and the substrate, and avoid the coating from falling off later.

[0057] In actual application, the inner wall of the grinding groove 6 and the outer wall of the grinding wheel 51 can be selected to be Al2O3-TiO2 composite ceramic coating (Al2O3 content 85%, TiO2 content 15%), which has a Vickers hardness ≥1200HV, a friction coefficient ≤0.3, a high temperature resistance (long-term use temperature ≤800℃), and can resist high-frequency extrusion and friction during the ore grinding process. The surface of the fixed disc 52 can be selected to be Ni-based alloy ceramic composite coating (Ni content 60%, WC content 30%, Cr2O3 content 10%), which has a Vickers hardness ≥800HV, and has wear resistance and toughness, so as to avoid cracks of the fixed disc 52 caused by ore impact, and reduce the adhesion of the ore on the surface.

[0058] As the grinding wheel 51 revolves and rotates, the ore repeatedly rubs and is squeezed against the coating surface within the grinding channel. The high hardness of the Al2O3-TiO2 coating resists the scraping of the ore, preventing direct wear on the substrate (such as Q235 steel) of the inner wall of the grinding tank 6. Simultaneously, the high surface smoothness of the coating (Ra≤0.8μm) reduces the retention of ore particles on the tank wall, ensuring smooth ore flow along the channel. The ceramic coating on the outer wall of the wheel 512 is in direct contact with the ore. In the combined motion of "revolution + rotation," the coating withstands the impact and shear force of the ore through its high wear resistance, preventing rapid wear of the wheel 512 substrate (such as high-manganese steel). Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the coating prevents acidic / alkaline components in the ore from corroding the wheel 512, extending the replacement cycle of the grinding wheel 51. When the ore falls onto the surface of the fixed disk 52, the toughness of the Ni-based alloy ceramic coating can buffer the impact of the ore and prevent dents from appearing on the surface of the fixed disk 52. At the same time, the low adhesion of the coating can reduce the accumulation of ore powder on the fixed disk 52, prevent the slide groove 521 of the mounting position 522 from being blocked, and ensure the normal radial adjustment function of the grinding wheel 51.

[0059] Example 2 like Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides an ore grinding method, which is implemented based on the vertical layered ore grinding mill described above; The method includes: S100, Requirements for the grinding size of the ore; In practical applications, the target finished product particle size range is first determined based on the application scenario of the ore (e.g., iron ore for metallurgy requires a particle size ≤0.15mm, and limestone for building materials requires a particle size ≤0.5mm). Simultaneously, the auxiliary grinding parameters are determined by considering the initial characteristics of the ore (e.g., initial particle size, hardness, brittleness), specifically including: If the initial particle size of the ore is large (e.g., 5-10mm) and the hardness is high (e.g., Mohs hardness 6-7, such as granite), and the target finished particle size is ≤0.2mm, a three-level grinding precision gradient of "coarse grinding - medium grinding - fine grinding" needs to be set. If the initial particle size of the ore is small (e.g., 2-5mm) and the hardness is low (e.g., Mohs hardness 3-4, such as calcite), and the target finished particle size is ≤0.8mm, a two-stage grinding precision gradient of "coarse grinding-fine grinding" can be set. S200. According to the grinding size requirements of the ore, different numbers of grinding layers 5 are set in the grinding tank 6; Based on the grinding precision gradient determined in step S100, the grinding layer 5 is configured by "adjusting the number of grinding layers 5 + matching the width of the grinding channel + adapting the specifications of the grinding wheel 51". The specific operation is as follows: Determine the number of polishing layers 5: If three-stage grinding (target particle size ≤0.2mm) is required, install 3 sets of grinding layers 5 (upper coarse grinding, middle layer medium grinding, lower layer fine grinding) in the grinding groove 6 along the axial direction; If two-stage grinding (target particle size ≤0.8mm) is required, install 2 sets of grinding layers 5 (upper coarse grinding, lower layer fine grinding); The spacing between the grinding layers 5 is set according to the height of the cylinder (for example, for a 1.2m high cylinder, the spacing between the 3 sets of grinding layers 5 is 350mm, ensuring sufficient falling and grinding space for the ore). Specifically, Coarse grinding layer: the grinding channel width is 1 / 2-1 / 3 of the initial particle size, for example, for ore with an initial particle size of 5-10mm, the coarse grinding channel width is set to 3-5mm (achieved by adjusting the radial position of the grinding wheel 51 on the fixed disc 52, that is, by pushing the mounting head 511 along the sliding groove 521, changing the gap between the grinding wheel 51 and the inner wall of the grinding groove 6); Medium grinding layer: the channel width is 1 / 2 of the expected particle size after coarse grinding, for example, for an expected particle size of 1-2mm after coarse grinding, the medium grinding channel width is set to 0.5-1mm; Fine grinding layer: the channel width is equal to the upper limit of the target finished particle size, for example, for a target particle size of ≤0.2mm, the fine grinding channel width is set to 0.2mm; If two-stage grinding is required, the coarse grinding channel width is set to 4-6mm, and the fine grinding channel width is set to 0.8mm.

[0060] Specifically, the number of grinding layers 5 can also be set to 4, 5, 6 or even more according to requirements.

[0061] S300, put the ore into the grinding machine for grinding.

[0062] After the grinding layer 5 configuration is completed, the grinding operation is performed in the order of "feeding-dispersing-layered grinding-discharging".

[0063] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and practice described. Accordingly, all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as defined in the following claims, along with full equivalents thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, the relative arrangement of components and steps in the embodiments set forth in the following examples are not limiting of the scope of the present application. Also, it is to be understood that the various parts shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the art can not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be understood as a part of the technology of the present application when reading the description below. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely illustrative of the examples and not as a limitation thereon. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It is noted that like numbers and letters on the figures identify like parts throughout the several views, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it is not necessary to discuss it further in connection with other figures where it is understood to be the same. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "front," "back," "side," "top," "bottom," "over," "under," and the like, are intended to refer to an orientation of various components as shown in the drawings and are intended to include different orientations of the device or element in use or operation, depending upon the positional relationship of the device or element in a given case. For example, if a device or element is turned over, then a portion that was the "under" portion, can now be the "over" portion. The device or element is similarly oriented or positioned, and is intended to be covered by the description, which optimally includes such positional changes. The terms "inner," "outer," "beneath," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, describe the spatial relationship between various portions of the components, relative to the component's own volume.

[0064] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial or directional terms, such as "above," "below," "up," "down," "right," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like, shall relate to the application as it is shown in the drawings, unless otherwise indicated. The terms "over," "under," "between," and the like, can be understood to include comparative spatial relationships created by the orientation of the object with its various components, as shown in the drawings. For example, if a device or element is turned over, then a portion that was above another portion can now be below the other portion, and vice versa.

[0065] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second", and the like words to define parts is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A vertically layered ore grinding mill, characterized in that, include: A base plate, on which a vertically arranged cylinder is provided, and a feed inlet is provided at the top of the cylinder; a vertical grinding groove is provided inside the cylinder, and the top of the grinding groove is connected to the feed inlet; Along the axial direction, the grinding tank is provided with multiple grinding layers. Each grinding layer includes a fixed disk and a grinding wheel. The fixed disk is disposed in the grinding tank, and the grinding wheel is disposed on the edge of the fixed disk. A grinding channel is formed between the grinding wheel and the grinding tank. The fixed disk rotates to drive the grinding wheel to grind the material in the grinding channel. The grinding wheel includes a disc and a mounting head. The mounting head is disposed at the bottom of the disc, and several sealing structures are provided between the mounting head and the disc. The width of the grinding channel gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the grinding groove.

2. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a drive system, which includes a spindle and a drive device. The spindle is arranged in the cylinder along the axis of the cylinder, and the axes of the cylinder, the spindle and the grinding coincide. One end of the main shaft passes through the base plate and is exposed outside the base plate. A bearing is provided at the connection between the main shaft and the base plate. A protective cover is provided around the bearing, and the protective cover completely covers the bearing. Multiple blades are provided on the inner wall of the protective cover, and the multiple blades are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the protective cover along the circumference of the protective cover. The fixed disk is detachably mounted on the main shaft, and the driving device drives the main shaft to rotate, thereby causing the fixed disk to rotate.

3. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main shaft is provided with a locking block, the fixed plate is provided with a mounting hole in the middle, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a slot, and the locking block engages with the slot.

4. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder is provided with a top cover, the main shaft is rotatably engaged with the top cover, and the top cover is provided with the feed port.

5. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The main shaft is also provided with a material feeding plate, which is fixed on the main shaft and disposed between the upper cover and the grinding layer; The top of the feeding plate is provided with multiple feeding strips, each of which is S-shaped and is evenly distributed on the feeding plate along its circumference.

6. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the grinding tank is provided with a groove, which corresponds to the grinding wheel.

7. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The edge of the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of mounting positions for mounting the aforementioned components; the bottom of each mounting position is provided with a sliding groove; the fixing plate is circular in shape, and the length direction of the sliding groove is arranged along the radial direction of the fixing plate. The mounting head engages in the slide groove.

8. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The chute includes a first chute and a second chute that are connected to each other. The second chute is disposed on one side of the first chute, and the width of the second chute is smaller than the width of the first chute. One end of the mounting head is snapped into the first groove, and the other end passes through the second groove and is connected to the wheel. A bearing is provided at the connection between the wheel and the mounting head.

9. The vertical layered ore grinding mill according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the grinding tank, the fixed plate, and the outer wall of the grinding wheel are all provided with a wear-resistant coating.

10. A method for grinding ore, characterized in that: Implemented based on any one of the vertical layered ore grinding mills as claimed in claims 1-9; The method includes: To determine the required grinding size of the ore; Depending on the required grinding size of the ore, different numbers of grinding layers are set in the grinding tank; The ore is fed into a grinding mill for grinding.

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