Cleaning equipment with automatic cleaning function for sand mold exhaust hole

Abstract

The invention discloses sand mold exhaust hole cleaning equipment with an automatic cleaning function, and relates to the technical field of cleaning equipment, the sand mold exhaust hole cleaning equipment comprises a mounting box, a conveying device, a mechanical arm, a detection device, a cleaning device and an adsorption device, the conveying device is arranged in the mounting box, the mounting box is connected with the conveying device, and the mounting box is fixedly connected with the detection device; the mechanical arms are arranged in the mounting box, the six mechanical arms are arranged on the two sides of the conveying device in pairs, the mechanical arms are connected with the detection device in a fastened mode, the mechanical arms are connected with the cleaning device in a fastened mode, the mechanical arms are connected with the adsorption device in a fastened mode, and the detection device, the cleaning device and the adsorption device are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of the conveying device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cleaning equipment technology, specifically a cleaning device for sand-type vent holes with automatic cleaning function. Background Technology

[0002] Sand casting is an important metal forming process. The unobstructed flow of the sand mold vents directly affects the quality of the casting. The vents are used to expel gas and excess molten metal from the mold cavity during pouring. If they become blocked, it will lead to defects such as porosity and shrinkage in the casting, which will seriously reduce the product yield.

[0003] In recent years, automated cleaning equipment has been gradually introduced into this field, but existing technologies still have significant limitations. For example, some equipment uses a single robotic arm with a rigid cleaning head, which cannot adapt to vent holes of different diameters and is prone to causing damage to the hole walls; although some devices are equipped with detection modules, they mostly use optical or mechanical probes, which are not accurate enough to detect blockages inside deep holes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function. The cleaning device includes a mounting box, a conveying device, a robotic arm, a detection device, a cleaning device, and an adsorption device. The conveying device is placed inside the mounting box and connected to it. The mounting box and the detection device are also securely connected. The robotic arm is placed inside the mounting box. There are six robotic arms, which are arranged in pairs on both sides of the conveying device. The robotic arms are securely connected to the detection device, the cleaning device, and the adsorption device. The detection device, the cleaning device, and the adsorption device are arranged sequentially in the conveying direction of the conveying device.

[0006] The mounting box serves as the primary mounting base for securing other devices. It isolates the equipment from the external environment, preventing debris and dust from flying and becoming difficult to clean during operation. This also prevents workers from inhaling the flying dust, which could harm their health. When cleaning the vent holes of sand castings, workers place the castings to be cleaned onto a conveyor belt, which then transports them sequentially through a detection device, a cleaning device, and a suction device. A robotic arm drives the detection device to check for blockages in different vent holes, recording the location of any blockages. After all vent holes have been checked, the castings are conveyed to the cleaning device's working area, where the robotic arm drives the cleaning device to clean the blocked vent holes, removing dust and metal debris. After cleaning, the vent holes are transported to the suction device's working area, where the robotic arm drives the suction device to remove the dust and metal debris.

[0007] Furthermore, the detection device includes a detection base, an ultrasonic transmitting module, and an ultrasonic receiving module. The detection base is fastened to an adjacent robotic arm, the detection base is fastened to the ultrasonic transmitting module, and the detection base is fastened to the ultrasonic receiving module. The ultrasonic transmitting module contains piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric crystals. The piezoelectric ceramics are used to emit low-frequency sound waves, and the piezoelectric crystals are used to emit high-frequency sound waves. The ultrasonic receiving module is used to receive and process sound wave signals.

[0008] The testing base serves as the main mounting foundation for installing and fixing other components. When it is necessary to test the exhaust port, sound waves are emitted through the ultrasonic emission module. Low-frequency sound wave signals are emitted through piezoelectric ceramics. The overall degree of blockage of the exhaust port is detected based on the strong penetrating effect of low-frequency sound waves. High-frequency sound waves are emitted through piezoelectric crystals. Based on the strong reflectivity of high-frequency sound waves, metal fragments attached to the exhaust port are detected.

[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning device includes a cleaning base, a cleaning cylinder, a cleaning motor, a mounting block, a sensing device, and a retraction device. The cleaning base is securely connected to the robotic arm, the cleaning base is securely connected to the cleaning cylinder, the output end of the cleaning cylinder is securely connected to the cleaning motor, the output end of the cleaning motor is securely connected to the mounting block, the output end of the cleaning motor is securely connected to the retraction device, the sensing device is securely connected to the retraction device, and the end of the sensing device furthest from the retraction device is securely connected to the mounting block.

[0010] The cleaning base serves as the primary mounting foundation for positioning other components. The cleaning cylinder outputs displacement, which in turn moves the cleaning motor. This movement of the cleaning motor then moves the mounting block, which in turn moves the sensing device. Finally, the cleaning motor moves the shrinking device, allowing it to clean along the vent hole. During cleaning, the sensing device adjusts the diameter of the shrinking device, enabling it to adapt to vent holes of different sizes and to better fit the inner wall of the vent hole for thorough cleaning.

[0011] Furthermore, the sensing device includes a telescopic column, a first telescopic rod, a magnet, an electromagnetic coil, an induction coil, and a connecting column. The telescopic column and the mounting block are fastened together, the telescopic column and the first telescopic rod are fastened together, the first telescopic rod and the mounting block are fastened together, the magnet and the first telescopic rod are fastened together, the magnet is placed inside the electromagnetic coil, the connecting column is placed inside the induction coil, the end of the magnet away from the first telescopic rod is connected to the connecting column, and the end of the connecting column away from the first telescopic rod is fastened to the retraction device.

[0012] The telescopic column serves as the main installation base for positioning other components. The first telescopic rod and the retraction device are connected by the connecting column. When cleaning the exhaust hole begins, the electromagnetic coil is energized, causing it to generate a magnetic field. This magnetic field drives the magnet to move, which in turn induces a current in the induction coil. The magnitude of the induced current is directly proportional to the distance the magnet moves. The retraction device is then controlled to expand based on the magnitude of the induced current to accommodate exhaust holes of different diameters.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic column is provided with a first mounting cavity, a second mounting cavity, a third mounting cavity, and a fourth mounting cavity. The first telescopic rod is placed in the first mounting cavity, and the first telescopic rod and the first mounting cavity are fastened together. The first mounting cavity and the second mounting cavity are connected. The magnet is placed in the second mounting cavity, the connecting column is placed in the second mounting cavity, the electromagnetic coil is placed in the third mounting cavity, and the induction coil is placed in the fourth mounting cavity.

[0014] The first mounting cavity serves as the mounting base, providing a mounting position for the first telescopic rod. The second mounting cavity serves as the mounting base, providing a mounting position for the magnet and connecting post. The third mounting cavity serves as the mounting base, providing a mounting position for the electromagnetic coil. The fourth mounting cavity serves as the mounting base, providing a mounting position for the induction coil.

[0015] Furthermore, the retraction device includes a second telescopic rod, a connector, a shape memory alloy, a gear, and a return spring. The second telescopic rod is fastened to the output end of the cleaning motor. The end of the second telescopic rod away from the cleaning motor is fastened to the connector. The gear is placed inside the connector, and the gear and the connector are rotatably connected. The shape memory alloy has toothed grooves that mesh with the gear. The shape memory alloy is fastened to the return spring. The end of the return spring away from the shape memory alloy is fastened to the telescopic column. A heating element is provided inside the shape memory alloy.

[0016] The second telescopic rod serves as the main support base for supporting other components. When the shape memory alloy needs to recover, the heating element starts heating the shape memory alloy through the electrical signal transmitted by the induction coil, causing the shape memory alloy to begin to recover. Through the internal contraction of the shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy can rotate and recover along the gear. The rotation and recovery of the shape memory alloy drives the second telescopic rod to expand outward until the shape memory alloy contacts the inner wall of the exhaust hole. At the same time, the rotation and recovery of the shape memory alloy causes the return spring to stretch. After cleaning is completed and the temperature of the shape memory alloy cools down, the return spring contracts and drives the shape memory alloy to rotate, causing the shape memory alloy to contract again.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer surface of the shape memory alloy is equipped with a brush.

[0018] By increasing the friction between the shape memory alloy and the inner wall of the exhaust port using a brush, metal debris adhering to the inner wall of the exhaust port can be cleaned.

[0019] Furthermore, the mounting box is provided with a first mounting groove. The conveying device includes a conveyor belt, a limiting device, and a fixing cylinder. The conveyor belt is placed in the first mounting groove. The limiting devices are located on both sides of the conveyor belt. There are three limiting devices, which are arranged sequentially in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The limiting device includes a fixing plate, a fixing motor, and a limiting plate. The fixing plate is fastened to the mounting box. The fixing plate is provided with a second mounting groove. The fixing motor is placed in the second mounting groove. The fixing motor and the second mounting groove are fastened together. The output end of the fixing motor is fastened to the limiting plate. There are four fixing cylinders. Two fixing cylinders are provided on the limiting plate adjacent to the detection device, and two fixing cylinders are provided on the limiting plate adjacent to the adsorption device. A positioning plate is provided at the end of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction. The positioning plate is fastened to the mounting box.

[0020] The first mounting slot serves as the main mounting base for installing other components. It also provides a mounting position for the conveyor belt. When the conveyor belt delivers the casting to the designated working area, a limiting device secures the casting. A fixing plate is used to fix the fixing motor and the limiting plate. At the start of the inspection, the limiting device adjacent to the inspection and cleaning devices rotates the limiting plate via the torque output of the fixing motor until it reaches the designated position, thus limiting and intercepting the casting conveyed on the conveyor belt. A fixing cylinder further secures the casting to prevent movement during inspection. After inspection, the fixing motor adjacent to the cleaning device outputs torque to rotate the limiting plate, allowing the casting to enter the working area of ​​the cleaning device. The fixing motor adjacent to the cleaning and adsorption devices outputs torque to lower the limiting plate, which is then secured by the fixing cylinder on the limiting plate adjacent to the adsorption device, thus beginning the cleaning process. When the sand casting is delivered to the working area of ​​the adsorption device, a clamping plate limits its movement.

[0021] Furthermore, the adsorption device is used to adsorb sand and metal debris inside the sand mold exhaust holes.

[0022] The robotic arm drives the adsorption device to move to the vicinity of the exhaust hole that needs to be cleaned. Then, the adsorption device generates negative pressure to clean the sand and metal debris inside the exhaust hole.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The installation box isolates the external environment, preventing debris and dust from splashing and protecting the working environment and personnel health; the conveyor belt of the conveying device is equipped with a limit device to ensure that the castings are stably fixed in the designated area, preventing movement during inspection and cleaning, and ensuring the smooth and accurate operation of the work in all aspects.

[0024] 2. Adaptive aperture adjustment: The equipment achieves fully automated cleaning of vent holes in sand castings through the coordinated use of conveying, detection, cleaning, and adsorption devices, significantly improving cleaning efficiency. The detection device uses an ultrasonic emission module, which combines low-frequency and high-frequency sound waves to accurately detect vent hole blockage. The cleaning device's sensing device can adjust the shrinkage device according to the aperture, using electromagnetic principles for intelligent control to adapt to the aperture. The shrinkage device is reliably designed, further enhancing the equipment's automation and adaptability.

[0025] 3. Improved cleaning effect: The shrinking device of the cleaning unit is covered with a brush, which increases the friction with the inner wall of the exhaust hole, effectively cleaning the adhering debris. Combined with its ability to conform to the inner wall of different hole diameters, the cleaning effect is greatly improved, ensuring that the exhaust hole cleaning work is comprehensive and thorough. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the mounting box structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the robotic arm structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying device structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting device structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning device structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing device structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shrinkage device structure of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of area B.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Mounting box; 11. First mounting slot; 2. Conveying device; 21. Conveyor belt; 22. Limiting device; 221. Fixing plate; 2211. Second mounting slot; 222. Fixing motor; 223. Limiting plate; 23. Fixing cylinder; 24. Positioning plate; 3. Robotic arm; 4. Detection device; 41. Detection base; 42. Ultrasonic transmitting module; 43. Ultrasonic receiving module; 44. Piezoelectric ceramic; 45. Piezoelectric crystal; 5. Cleaning device; 51. Cleaning base; 52. Cleaning cylinder; 53. 54. Cleaning motor; 55. Mounting block; 55. Sensing device; 551. Telescopic column; 5511. First mounting cavity; 5512. Second mounting cavity; 5513. Third mounting cavity; 5514. Fourth mounting cavity; 552. First telescopic rod; 553. Magnet; 554. Electromagnetic coil; 555. Induction coil; 556. Connecting column; 56. Retraction device; 561. Second telescopic rod; 562. Connector; 563. Shape memory alloy; 564. Gear; 565. Return spring; 6. Adsorption device. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example: Figures 1-10As shown, the present invention provides a cleaning device for sand mold exhaust holes with automatic cleaning function. The cleaning device includes a mounting box 1, a conveying device 2, a robotic arm 3, a detection device 4, a cleaning device 5, and an adsorption device 6. The conveying device 2 is placed inside the mounting box 1, and the mounting box 1 and the conveying device 2 are connected. The mounting box 1 and the detection device 4 are also securely connected. The robotic arm 3 is placed inside the mounting box 1. There are six robotic arms 3, which are arranged in pairs on both sides of the conveying device 2. The robotic arms 3 are securely connected to the detection device 4, the cleaning device 5, and the adsorption device 6. The detection device 4, the cleaning device 5, and the adsorption device 6 are arranged sequentially in the conveying direction of the conveying device 2.

[0030] Mounting box 1 serves as the main mounting base for fixing other devices. It isolates the device from the external environment, preventing debris and dust from flying and being difficult to clean during operation. This also prevents workers from inhaling the flying dust, which could harm their health. When cleaning the vent holes of sand castings, workers place the castings to be cleaned on conveyor device 2. The conveyor device 2 then transports the castings sequentially through detection device 4, cleaning device 5, and adsorption device 6. A robotic arm 3 drives detection device 4 to check for blockages in different vent holes. When detection device 4 detects a blockage, it records the location. After all vent holes have been checked, the castings are conveyed to the working area of ​​cleaning device 5. The robotic arm 3 drives cleaning device 5 to clean the blocked vent holes, removing dust and metal debris. After removal, conveyor device 2 transports the castings to the working area of ​​adsorption device 6, where the robotic arm 3 drives adsorption device 6 to clean the dust and metal debris that have been swept from the vent holes.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the detection device 4 includes a detection base 41, an ultrasonic transmitting module 42, and an ultrasonic receiving module 43. The detection base 41 is fastened to the adjacent robotic arm 3, the detection base 41 is fastened to the ultrasonic transmitting module 42, and the detection base 41 is fastened to the ultrasonic receiving module 43. The ultrasonic transmitting module 42 is equipped with a piezoelectric ceramic 44 and a piezoelectric crystal 45. The piezoelectric ceramic 44 is used to emit low-frequency sound waves, and the piezoelectric crystal 45 is used to emit high-frequency sound waves. The ultrasonic receiving module 43 is used to receive and process sound wave signals.

[0032] The detection base 41 serves as the main mounting base for installing and fixing other components. When it is necessary to detect the exhaust port, the ultrasonic emission module 42 emits sound waves for detection, the piezoelectric ceramic 44 emits low-frequency sound wave signals, and the overall blockage degree of the exhaust port is detected based on the strong penetrating effect of the low-frequency sound waves. The piezoelectric crystal 45 emits high-frequency sound waves, and the metal fragments attached to the exhaust port are detected based on the strong reflectivity of the high-frequency sound waves.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the cleaning device 5 includes a cleaning base 51, a cleaning cylinder 52, a cleaning motor 53, a mounting block 54, a sensing device 55, and a retraction device 56. The cleaning base 51 is fastened to the robotic arm 3, the cleaning base 51 is fastened to the cleaning cylinder 52, the output end of the cleaning cylinder 52 is fastened to the cleaning motor 53, the output end of the cleaning motor 53 is fastened to the mounting block 54, the output end of the cleaning motor 53 is fastened to the retraction device 56, the sensing device 55 is fastened to the retraction device 56, and the end of the sensing device 55 away from the retraction device 56 is fastened to the mounting block 54.

[0034] The cleaning base 51 serves as the main mounting base for positioning other components. The cleaning cylinder 52 outputs displacement to move the cleaning motor 53, which in turn moves the mounting block 54. The mounting block 54 then moves the sensing device 55, which in turn moves the shrinking device 56. This allows the shrinking device 56 to clean along the vent hole. During cleaning, the sensing device 55 adjusts the diameter of the shrinking device 56 to accommodate vent holes of different sizes, ensuring that the shrinking device 56 fits more closely to the inner wall of the vent hole for cleaning.

[0035] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the sensing device 55 includes a telescopic column 551, a first telescopic rod 552, a magnet 553, an electromagnetic coil 554, an induction coil 555, and a connecting column 556. The telescopic column 551 is fastened to the mounting block 54, the telescopic column 551 is fastened to the first telescopic rod 552, the first telescopic rod 552 is fastened to the mounting block 54, the magnet 553 is fastened to the first telescopic rod 552, the magnet 553 is placed inside the electromagnetic coil 554, the connecting column 556 is placed inside the induction coil 555, the end of the magnet 553 away from the first telescopic rod 552 is connected to the connecting column 556, and the end of the connecting column 556 away from the first telescopic rod 552 is fastened to the retraction device 56.

[0036] The telescopic column 551 serves as the main mounting base for positioning other components. The first telescopic rod 552 and the retraction device 56 are connected by the connecting column 556. When cleaning the exhaust hole begins, the electromagnetic coil 554 is energized, causing it to generate a magnetic field. This magnetic field drives the magnet 553 to move, which in turn induces a current in the induction coil 555. The magnitude of this induced current is directly proportional to the distance the magnet 553 moves. The retraction device 56 is then expanded based on the magnitude of the induced current to accommodate exhaust holes of different sizes.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, the telescopic column 551 is provided with a first mounting cavity 5511, a second mounting cavity 5512, a third mounting cavity 5513 and a fourth mounting cavity 5514. The first telescopic rod 552 is placed in the first mounting cavity 5511 and is fastened to the first mounting cavity 5511. The first mounting cavity 5511 and the second mounting cavity 5512 are connected. The magnet 553 is placed in the second mounting cavity 5512. The connecting column 556 is placed in the second mounting cavity 5512. The electromagnetic coil 554 is placed in the third mounting cavity 5513 and the induction coil 555 is placed in the fourth mounting cavity 5514.

[0038] The first mounting cavity 5511 serves as the mounting base, providing an installation position for the first telescopic rod 552. The second mounting cavity 5512 serves as the mounting base, providing an installation position for the magnet 553 and the connecting post 556. The third mounting cavity 5513 serves as the mounting base, providing an installation position for the electromagnetic coil 554. The fourth mounting cavity 5514 serves as the mounting base, providing an installation position for the induction coil 555.

[0039] like Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the retraction device 56 includes a second telescopic rod 561, a connector 562, a shape memory alloy 563, a gear 564, and a return spring 565. The second telescopic rod 561 is fastened to the output end of the cleaning motor 53. The end of the second telescopic rod 561 away from the cleaning motor 53 is fastened to the connector 562. The gear 564 is placed inside the connector 562, and the gear 564 and the connector 562 are rotatably connected. The shape memory alloy 563 has a toothed groove that meshes with the gear 564. The shape memory alloy 563 is fastened to the return spring 565. The end of the return spring 565 away from the shape memory alloy 563 is fastened to the telescopic column 551. A heating element is provided inside the shape memory alloy 563.

[0040] The second telescopic rod 561 serves as the main support base for supporting other components. When the shape memory alloy 563 needs to be restored, the heating element starts to heat the shape memory alloy 563 through the electrical signal transmitted by the induction coil 555, causing the shape memory alloy 563 to begin to restore itself. Through the internal contraction of the shape memory alloy 563, the shape memory alloy 563 can rotate and restore itself along the gear 564. The rotation and restoration of the shape memory alloy 563 drives the second telescopic rod 561 to expand outward until the shape memory alloy 563 contacts the inner wall of the exhaust hole. At the same time, the rotation and restoration of the shape memory alloy 563 causes the return spring 565 to stretch. After cleaning is completed and the temperature of the shape memory alloy 563 cools down, the return spring 565 contracts and drives the shape memory alloy 563 to rotate, causing the shape memory alloy 563 to retract.

[0041] like Figure 10 As shown, the outer surface of the shape memory alloy 563 is provided with a brush.

[0042] By increasing the friction between the shape memory alloy 563 and the inner wall of the vent hole using a brush, metal debris adhering to the inner wall of the vent hole can be cleaned.

[0043] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the mounting box 1 is provided with a first mounting groove 11. The conveying device 2 includes a conveyor belt 21, a limiting device 22, and a fixing cylinder 23. The conveyor belt 21 is placed in the first mounting groove 11. The limiting devices 22 are located on both sides of the conveyor belt 21. There are three limiting devices 22, which are arranged sequentially in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 21. The limiting device 22 includes a fixing plate 221, a fixing motor 222, and a limiting plate 223. The fixing plate 221 is fastened to the mounting box 1. A second fixing cylinder 23 is provided inside the fixing plate 221. The mounting slot 2211 is used to fix the motor 222, which is placed in the second mounting slot 2211. The fixed motor 222 and the second mounting slot 2211 are fastened together. The output end of the fixed motor 222 is fastened together with the limiting plate 223. There are four fixed cylinders 23. Two fixed cylinders 23 are provided on the limiting plate 223 adjacent to the detection device 4 and two fixed cylinders 23 are provided on the limiting plate 223 adjacent to the adsorption device 6. A positioning plate 24 is provided at the end of the conveyor belt 21 in the conveying direction. The positioning plate 24 is fastened together with the mounting box 1.

[0044] The first mounting slot 11 serves as the main mounting base for installing other components. It provides the mounting position for the conveyor belt 21. When the conveyor belt 21 delivers the casting to the designated working area, the casting is fixed by the limiting device 22. The fixing plate 221 serves as the mounting base for fixing the fixing motor 222 and the limiting plate 223. At the start of the inspection, the limiting device 22, adjacent to the inspection device 4 and the cleaning device 5, drives the limiting plate 223 to rotate through the torque output of the fixing motor 222 until the limiting plate 223 rotates to the designated position, thus limiting and intercepting the casting conveyed on the conveyor belt 21. Then, the casting is fixed... The cylinder 23 further fixes the casting to prevent it from moving during the inspection process. After the inspection is completed, the fixed motor 222 adjacent to the cleaning device 5 outputs torque to drive the limiting plate 223 to rotate, so that the casting can enter the working area of ​​the cleaning device 5. The fixed motor 222 adjacent to the cleaning device 5 and the adsorption device 6 outputs torque to drive the limiting plate 223 to fall. Then, the fixed cylinder 23 on the limiting plate 223 adjacent to the adsorption device 6 fixes the casting, thus starting the cleaning work of the casting. When the sand casting is sent to the working area of ​​the adsorption device 6, the clamping plate 24 limits the sand casting.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the adsorption device 6 is used to adsorb sand and metal debris inside the sand mold exhaust hole.

[0046] The robotic arm 3 drives the adsorption device 6 to move to the vicinity of the exhaust hole that needs to be adsorbed and cleaned. Then, the adsorption device 6 generates negative pressure to clean the sand and metal debris in the exhaust hole.

[0047] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When it is necessary to clean the vent holes of sand castings, workers place the castings to be cleaned on the conveyor device 2, which then transports them sequentially through the detection device 4, the cleaning device 5, and the adsorption device 6. The robotic arm 3 drives the detection device 4 to detect whether different vent holes are blocked. When the detection device 4 detects a blockage, it records the location of the blockage. After all vent holes have been detected, the castings are transported to the working area of ​​the cleaning device 5 via a conveyor belt. The robotic arm 3 drives the cleaning device 5 to clean the blocked vent holes. When cleaning begins, the electromagnetic coil 554 is energized, generating a magnetic field. This magnetic field moves the magnet 553, causing it to move. The movement of the magnet 553 induces a current in the induction coil 555. The magnitude of the induced current is directly proportional to the distance the magnet 553 moves. The cleaning process is then controlled based on the magnitude of the induced current. The shrinking device 56 expands to accommodate exhaust holes of different sizes. When the shape memory alloy 563 needs to be restored, the heating element starts to heat the shape memory alloy 563 through the electrical signal transmitted by the induction coil 555, causing the shape memory alloy 563 to begin to restore. Through the internal shrinkage of the shape memory alloy 563, the shape memory alloy 563 can rotate and restore along the gear 564. The rotation and restoration of the shape memory alloy 563 drives the second telescopic rod 561 to expand outward until the shape memory alloy 563 contacts the inner wall of the exhaust hole. The cleaning motor 53 drives the shape memory alloy 563 to rotate, so that the brush on the shape memory alloy 563 sweeps off the dust and metal debris attached to the exhaust hole. After sweeping, the conveying device 2 sends it to the working area of ​​the adsorption device 6, and the robotic arm 3 drives the adsorption device 6 to clean the dust and metal debris swept off the exhaust hole.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function, characterized in that: The cleaning equipment includes a mounting box (1), a conveying device (2), a robotic arm (3), a detection device (4), a cleaning device (5), and an adsorption device (6). The conveying device (2) is placed inside the mounting box (1). The mounting box (1) and the conveying device (2) are connected. The mounting box (1) and the detection device (4) are fastened together. The robotic arm (3) is placed inside the mounting box (1). There are six robotic arms (3). The six robotic arms (3) are arranged in pairs on both sides of the conveying device (2). The robotic arm (3) and the detection device (4) are fastened together. The robotic arm (3) and the cleaning device (5) are fastened together. The robotic arm (3) and the adsorption device (6) are fastened together. The detection device (4), the cleaning device (5), and the adsorption device (6) are arranged sequentially in the conveying direction of the conveying device (2).

2. The cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device (4) includes a detection base (41), an ultrasonic transmitting module (42), and an ultrasonic receiving module (43). The detection base (41) is fastened to the adjacent robotic arm (3). The detection base (41) is fastened to the ultrasonic transmitting module (42). The detection base (41) is fastened to the ultrasonic receiving module (43). The ultrasonic transmitting module (42) is equipped with a piezoelectric ceramic (44) and a piezoelectric crystal (45). The piezoelectric ceramic (44) is used to emit low-frequency sound waves, and the piezoelectric crystal (45) is used to emit high-frequency sound waves. The ultrasonic receiving module (43) is used to receive and process sound wave signals.

3. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device (5) includes a cleaning base (51), a cleaning cylinder (52), a cleaning motor (53), a mounting block (54), a sensing device (55), and a retraction device (56). The cleaning base (51) is fastened to the robotic arm (3), the cleaning base (51) is fastened to the cleaning cylinder (52), the output end of the cleaning cylinder (52) is fastened to the cleaning motor (53), the output end of the cleaning motor (53) is fastened to the mounting block (54), the output end of the cleaning motor (53) is fastened to the retraction device (56), the sensing device (55) is fastened to the retraction device (56), and the end of the sensing device (55) away from the retraction device (56) is fastened to the mounting block (54).

4. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensing device (55) includes a telescopic column (551), a first telescopic rod (552), a magnet (553), an electromagnetic coil (554), an induction coil (555), and a connecting column (556). The telescopic column (551) and the mounting block (54) are fastened together. The telescopic column (551) and the first telescopic rod (552) are fastened together. The first telescopic rod (552) and the mounting block (54) are fastened together. The magnet (553) and the first telescopic rod (552) are fastened together. The magnet (553) is placed inside the electromagnetic coil (554). The connecting column (556) is placed inside the induction coil (555). The end of the magnet (553) away from the first telescopic rod (552) is connected to the connecting column (556). The end of the connecting column (556) away from the first telescopic rod (552) is fastened to the retraction device (56).

5. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic column (551) is provided with a first mounting cavity (5511), a second mounting cavity (5512), a third mounting cavity (5513), and a fourth mounting cavity (5514). The first telescopic rod (552) is placed in the first mounting cavity (5511). The first telescopic rod (552) and the first mounting cavity (5511) are fastened together. The first mounting cavity (5511) and the second mounting cavity (5512) are connected. The magnet (553) is placed in the second mounting cavity (5512). The connecting column (556) is placed in the second mounting cavity (5512). The electromagnetic coil (554) is placed in the third mounting cavity (5513). The induction coil (555) is placed in the fourth mounting cavity (5514).

6. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The retraction device (56) includes a second telescopic rod (561), a connector (562), a shape memory alloy (563), a gear (564), and a return spring (565). The second telescopic rod (561) is fastened to the output end of the cleaning motor (53). The end of the second telescopic rod (561) away from the cleaning motor (53) is fastened to the connector (562). The gear (564) is placed inside the connector (562). The gear (564) and the connector (562) are rotatably connected. The shape memory alloy (563) has a toothed groove. The toothed groove meshes with the gear (564). The shape memory alloy (563) is fastened to the return spring (565). The end of the return spring (565) away from the shape memory alloy (563) is fastened to the telescopic column (551). The shape memory alloy (563) has a heating element inside.

7. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the shape memory alloy (563) is provided with a brush.

8. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting box (1) is provided with a first mounting groove (11). The conveying device (2) includes a conveyor belt (21), a limiting device (22), and a fixed cylinder (23). The conveyor belt (21) is placed in the first mounting groove (11). The limiting device (22) is located on both sides of the conveyor belt (21). There are three limiting devices (22), which are arranged in sequence in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (21). The limiting device (22) includes a fixing plate (221), a fixed motor (222), and a limiting plate (223). The fixing plate (221) is fastened to the mounting box (1). The fixing plate (221) is provided with a first mounting groove (11). The second mounting slot (2211) is used to house the fixed motor (222). The fixed motor (222) and the second mounting slot (2211) are fastened together. The output end of the fixed motor (222) is fastened together with the limiting plate (223). There are four fixed cylinders (23). Two fixed cylinders (23) are provided on the limiting plate (223) adjacent to the detection device (4). Two fixed cylinders (23) are provided on the limiting plate (223) adjacent to the adsorption device (6). A positioning plate (24) is provided at the end of the conveyor belt (21) in the conveying direction. The positioning plate (24) is fastened together with the mounting box (1).

9. A cleaning device for sand mold vent holes with automatic cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device (6) is used to adsorb sand and metal debris inside the sand mold exhaust hole.

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