A vertical milling numerical control machine tool for machining shaft parts

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical milling numerical control machine tool for shaft part machining and relates to the technical field of milling numerical control machine tools.The technical problems that tool bit replacement is relatively complicated, the shaft quality cannot be detected, and the workpiece shielding area cannot be machined are solved.The vertical milling numerical control machine tool comprises a main body frame and an adjuster, the bottom of the adjuster is provided with a tool bit mounting frame, the tool bit mounting frame is internally provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is provided with a push rod, the tool bit mounting frame is internally provided with a rotating disc, the bottom of the rotating disc is provided with a push sliding groove, the bottom of the connecting block is provided with a connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder is internally provided with a sliding frame and a tool bit mounting plate, the tool bit mounting frame is internally provided with a sliding inclined groove and a supporting sliding groove, the surface of the sliding frame is provided with a sliding rod, the supporting sliding groove is internally provided with a supporting sliding block, one side of the supporting sliding block is provided with a passive frame and a passive rod, the surface of the rotating disc is provided with a limiting rail, and the bottom end of the passive frame is provided with a tool bit clamping frame.The tool bit push rod driving realizes quick tool bit replacement, the tool bit replacement time is greatly shortened, the rotating disc drives the tool bit clamping frame to fix the tool bit through the clamping block and the clamping groove, and the machining precision is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC milling machine tool technology, specifically a vertical CNC milling machine tool for machining shaft-type parts. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical milling CNC machine tools are milling machining equipment based on numerical control technology. With a computer numerical control (CNC) system as the core, it integrates mechanical structure (such as vertical spindle box, CNC worktable, and feed transmission mechanism) with automatic control technology. It can automatically execute programmed instructions to complete milling of planes, slots, and drilling. Compared with traditional vertical milling machines, it achieves high-precision feed and positioning through servo motor drive and supports multi-process continuous machining, which can significantly improve the machining efficiency and consistency of complex parts.

[0003] When machining shaft-type workpieces, the machining steps are quite complicated, so different cutting heads are needed depending on the machining requirements. Currently, when replacing cutting heads on CNC milling machines, some machines require the old cutting head to be removed first, and then the new cutting head to be placed in the installation position and manually installed. However, the actual installation process often wastes a lot of time and affects machining efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, while current CNC milling machine tools can position shafts and improve machining accuracy during the machining process, they cannot perform auxiliary inspection and screening of the shape quality of the shafts themselves. Over time, this may affect the quality of all machined shafts due to unqualified shafts, greatly reducing the product qualification rate and increasing the cost of subsequent inspection and screening.

[0005] At present, when machining shaft-type workpieces, CNC milling machines generally rely on clamping structures to directly clamp and fix the shaft-type workpieces. However, the clamping position will block part of the machining area. When it is necessary to process the blocked area, the workpiece still needs to be manually removed, flipped and re-clamped before subsequent machining work can be carried out. The shaft machining process is relatively cumbersome and the machining efficiency cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention provides a vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft parts to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft parts. The present invention has an ingenious structure and focuses on practicality, effectively solving the technical problems of cumbersome tool head replacement, inability to assist in the detection of shaft quality, and difficulty in machining the workpiece's obstructed area.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts includes a main frame and an adjuster mounted on the main frame. A tool head mounting bracket is located at the bottom of the adjuster. Three symmetrically distributed connecting blocks are slidably connected within the tool head mounting bracket. A push rod is fixedly mounted above each connecting block. A rotating disk is rotatably connected above the tool head mounting bracket. A torsion spring is fixedly mounted between the tool head mounting bracket and the rotating disk. Three push grooves matching the push rods are formed at the bottom of the rotating disk. A connecting cylinder is fixedly mounted at the bottom of each connecting block, and each connecting cylinder slides through a keyway. The device is connected to a sliding frame, with a cutter head mounting plate fixedly installed at the bottom of each sliding frame. Each cutter head mounting frame has three sets of sliding grooves and three sets of support grooves. Each sliding frame has two sliding rods fixedly installed on its surface, which are slidably connected inside the sliding grooves. Each set of support grooves has two support sliders slidably connected inside. The same passive frame is fixedly installed on one side of every two support sliders. A passive rod is fixedly installed at the top of each passive frame. The rotating disk has three limit rails that match the passive rods. A cutter head clamping frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of each passive frame.

[0010] Preferably, three tool push rods are fixedly installed inside the tool head mounting bracket, and the output end of each tool push rod is fixedly installed on one side of a different connecting block.

[0011] Preferably, each of the cutter head mounting plates has three symmetrically distributed slots on its surface, and each of the cutter head clamping frames has a locking block fixedly installed on one side.

[0012] Preferably, a Y-axis adjuster is provided inside the main frame, and an X-axis adjuster is provided above the Y-axis adjuster. A shaft mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the X-axis adjuster. A worm gear is rotatably connected inside the shaft mounting bracket. An inner cavity is opened inside the worm gear. A clamping push rod is fixedly installed on one side of the worm gear. A push ring is slidably connected to the output shaft of the clamping push rod in the inner cavity. Three symmetrically distributed push blocks that can be pushed by the push ring are slidably connected to the inner side of the worm gear. A return spring is provided between the push blocks and the worm gear.

[0013] Preferably, a worm gear meshing with a worm wheel is rotatably connected inside the shaft mounting bracket, and a rotation drive motor is fixedly installed at the top of the worm gear.

[0014] Preferably, the shaft mounting bracket has two symmetrically distributed limiting grooves, and each limiting slider is slidably connected in both limiting grooves. Both limiting sliders are fixedly installed at both ends of the same worm gear.

[0015] Preferably, a support shaft is fixedly installed on one side of the shaft mounting bracket, and a lever is rotatably connected to the surface of the support shaft. A right support frame is fixedly installed on the right end side of the lever, and two symmetrically distributed right overlapping wheels are rotatably connected to the top of the right support frame. An upper hinge frame is rotatably connected to one side of the shaft mounting bracket, and a lower hinge frame is rotatably connected above the lever. An adjusting push rod is hinged between the upper and lower hinge frames. A left support frame is fixedly installed on the left end side of the lever, and two symmetrically distributed left overlapping wheels are rotatably connected above the left support frame. A drive wheel and a connecting shaft are rotatably connected sequentially at upper and lower positions inside the left support frame. Meshing gears are fixedly installed on the surfaces of both the connecting shaft and the drive wheel. A displacement drive motor is fixedly installed at one end of the left support frame.

[0016] Preferably, an adjustment groove is fixedly installed on one side of the regulator, an adjustment frame is snapped into the adjustment groove, a telescopic frame is slidably connected to the adjustment frame, a high-pressure nozzle is fixedly installed in the telescopic frame, and a circular groove is opened on the surface of the cutter head mounting bracket, and a limiting block slidably connected to the surface of the telescopic frame is slidably connected in the circular groove.

[0017] Preferably, a protective window is slidably connected inside the main frame.

[0018] Preferably, heat dissipation holes are fixedly installed on the surface of the main frame.

[0019] The present invention has the following technical effects.

[0020] 1. This invention achieves rapid tool changing through tool push rod drive, significantly shortening tool changing time. The sliding rod and sliding groove work together to control the tool trajectory. The rotating disk drives the tool head holder to fix the tool head through the clamping block and the clamping groove, ensuring machining accuracy. Idle tools are reset and raised with the tool push rod for storage, avoiding interference with the current machining and tool wear, thus improving machining stability and efficiency.

[0021] 2. This invention utilizes a push ring and push block to achieve rapid centering and clamping of shaft-type parts. A pressure sensor controls the clamping force, adapting to parts of different diameters and preventing deformation. A laser sensor captures the shaft end markings, which, combined with a rotation drive motor, rotates the shaft. This allows for pre-detection of part shape accuracy, timely screening of defective parts, and improved product yield. The Y-axis and X-axis adjusters, combined with the shaft rotation function, enable multi-directional machining of parts, reducing clamping times and positioning errors.

[0022] 3. During processing, the present invention adjusts the push rod to control the lever to drive the right overlapping wheel to assist in supporting the shaft, effectively reducing bending deformation during long shaft processing and ensuring processing stability. Adjusting the left overlapping wheel and the drive wheel, the shaft is moved by the displacement drive motor. The clamping and obstructing area can be exposed without disassembly, simplifying the processing process. The processing and displacement adjustment states can be quickly switched by adjusting the push rod, and the functions do not interfere with each other, improving the ease of operation.

[0023] 4. The high-pressure nozzle of this invention, through the cooperation of a limiting block and annular groove, moves synchronously with the cutter head mounting frame, always maintaining a fixed distance from the milling surface. This continuously and efficiently achieves cooling, lubrication, and impurity removal, reducing tool wear and machining errors. The nozzle only moves with the cutter head and does not rotate with the cutter head mounting frame, avoiding machining interference caused by improper positioning. The height of the adjustment frame and the position of the telescopic frame can be adjusted before machining to adapt to different milling needs and enhance the flexibility of equipment use. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main frame, heat dissipation holes and Y-axis adjuster in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the X-axis adjuster, the tool head mounting bracket, and the shaft mounting bracket in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the regulator, the cutter head mounting bracket, and the rotating disk in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the tool push rod, connecting block and push rod in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cutter head mounting bracket, connecting cylinder, and passive frame in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the adjuster, the cutter head mounting bracket, and the shaft mounting bracket in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the upper hinge frame, adjusting push rod, and lower hinge frame in this invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure connecting the rotating shaft, gear and drive wheel in this invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the regulator and the cutter head mounting bracket in this invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the annular groove, the limiting block, and the telescopic frame in this invention.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 1. Main frame; 2. Heat dissipation holes; 3. Protective window; 4. Adjuster; 5. Y-axis adjuster; 6. X-axis adjuster; 7. Tool head mounting bracket; 8. Shaft mounting bracket; 9. Rotary disk; 10. Push groove; 11. Tool push rod; 12. Connecting block; 13. Push rod; 14. Connecting cylinder; 15. Sliding groove; 16. Sliding rod; 17. Sliding frame; 18. Tool head mounting plate; 19. Slot; 20. Passive rod; 21. Passive frame; 22. Tool head clamping frame; 23. Locking block; 24. Support groove; 25. Support slider; 26. Rotation drive motor; 27. Worm gear; 28. 1. Worm gear; 29. ​​Right support frame; 30. Right connecting wheel; 31. Inner cavity; 32. Limiting slide groove; 33. Limiting slider; 34. Push ring; 35. Push block; 36. Support shaft; 37. Lever; 38. Upper hinge frame; 39. Adjusting push rod; 40. Lower hinge frame; 41. Displacement drive motor; 42. Clamping push rod; 43. Left support frame; 44. Connecting shaft; 45. Gear; 46. Drive wheel; 47. Left connecting wheel; 48. Adjusting groove; 49. Adjusting frame; 50. Circular groove; 51. Limiting block; 52. Telescopic frame; 53. High-pressure nozzle; 54. Limiting rail. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in conjunction with the appendix below. Figures 1 to 11 The detailed description of the embodiments will make this clear. All references to the following embodiments are made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This invention relates to a vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts, comprising a main frame 1 and an adjuster 4 mounted on the main frame 1. A tool head mounting bracket 7 is mounted at the bottom of the adjuster 4. The adjuster 4 can drive the tool head mounting bracket 7 to rise, fall, and rotate. The adjuster 4 is externally connected to a power supply and a controller. The tool head mounting bracket 7 is generally shaped like an inverted trapezoid. Three symmetrically distributed connecting blocks 12 are slidably connected inside the tool head mounting bracket 7. A push rod 13, which is cylindrical, is fixedly mounted above each connecting block 12. A rotating disk 9 is rotatably connected to the upper part of the tool head mounting bracket 7. The tool head... A torsion spring is fixedly installed between the mounting bracket 7 and the rotating disk 9. The torsion spring is used to limit the reset of the rotating disk 9. The bottom of the rotating disk 9 has three push grooves 10 that match the push rod 13. The push grooves 10 are open fan-shaped and curved grooves. A connecting cylinder 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each connecting block 12. A sliding frame 17 is slidably connected to each connecting cylinder 14 through a keyway. The sliding frame 17 is an L-shaped metal frame. A cutter head mounting plate 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each sliding frame 17. The three cutter head mounting plates 18 are respectively used for grooving cutters, drilling cutters, and... The end face of the cutter head is installed. Each cutter head mounting bracket 7 has three sets of sliding grooves 15 and three sets of supporting grooves 24. Each set of sliding grooves 15 and supporting grooves 24 has two pieces. Two sliding rods 16 are fixedly installed on the surface of each sliding bracket 17, slidably connected inside the sliding grooves 15. Two supporting sliders 25 are slidably connected in each supporting groove 24. The same passive frame 21 is fixedly installed on one side of every two supporting sliders 25. A passive rod 20 is fixedly installed at the top of each passive frame 21. The rotating disk 9 has three... A limiting rail 54 is matched with the passive rod 20. The limiting rail 54 is a curved rail. A cutter head holder 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each passive frame 21. Three cutter push rods 11 are fixedly installed inside the cutter head mounting frame 7. The output end of each cutter push rod 11 is fixedly installed on one side of a different connecting block 12. The cutter push rod 11 is used to drive and control the connecting block 12. The cutter push rod 11 is connected to an external power supply and controller. Three symmetrically distributed slots 19 are opened on the surface of each cutter head mounting plate 18. A locking block 23 is fixedly installed on one side of each cutter head holder 22.

[0041] In this embodiment, before machining the shaft, three different cutting heads, namely grooving cutter, drilling cutter and end face treatment cutter, can be distributed and installed under different cutting head mounting plates 18.

[0042] During the machining of the shaft, according to the actual machining requirements, such as the need to drill holes on the shaft surface, the tool push rod 11 corresponding to the drilling cutter head can be controlled to work, driving the connecting block 12 fixedly connected to it to move towards the center of the tool head mounting frame 7. The connecting block 12 drives the connecting cylinder 14 and the sliding frame 17 to move. Because the sliding rod 16 fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding frame 17 slides in the sliding groove 15, it will drive the tool head mounting plate 18 and the drilling cutter head to move towards the center of the tool head mounting frame 7 and descend at the same time. The displacement sensor controls the pushing distance of the tool push rod 11, so that the tool head mounting plate 18 and the drilling cutter head descend and move to the center position of the tool head mounting frame 7.

[0043] At the same time, the connecting block 12 moves to drive the push rod 13 closer to the push slide 10. The push rod 13 first moves into the fan-shaped groove on the push slide 10, and then enters the curved groove of the push slide 10. At this time, the connecting block 12 drives the rotating disk 9 to rotate. During the rotation of the rotating disk 9, the limiting rail 54 fixedly installed below the rotating disk 9 rotates, thereby driving multiple passive rods 20, passive frame 21 and cutter head clamping frame 22 to move along the direction of the support slide 24 towards the center position of the cutter head mounting frame 7. When the cutter head mounting plate 18 moves to the center position of the cutter head mounting frame 7, the multiple cutter head clamping frames 22 just wrap and clamp the upper surface of the cutter head mounting plate 18. At the same time, the locking block 23 is locked into the locking groove 19 on the cutter head mounting plate 18 to achieve further fixation.

[0044] When a tool change is needed, the tool push rod 11 can be controlled to reset, which will move the tool holder 22 and the locking block 23 away from the connecting cylinder 14, and continuously move the passive frame 21 to reset and the tool mounting plate 18 to rise and reset. At this time, the rising tool mounting plate 18 and the drilling tool are away from the middle position of the tool mounting frame 7, reducing the impact of this tool on subsequent milling work. Then, the above steps can be repeated to switch to a suitable tool.

[0045] As one embodiment, a Y-axis adjuster 5 is provided inside the main frame 1, and an X-axis adjuster 6 is provided above the Y-axis adjuster 5. A shaft mounting bracket 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the X-axis adjuster 6. The Y-axis adjuster 5 is used to adjust the Y-axis position of the shaft mounting bracket 8, and the X-axis adjuster 6 is used to adjust the X-axis position of the shaft mounting bracket 8. The Y-axis adjuster 5 and the X-axis adjuster 6 are externally connected to a power supply and a controller. A worm gear 27 is rotatably connected inside the shaft mounting bracket 8. An inner cavity 31 is opened inside the worm gear 27. A clamping push rod 42 is fixedly installed on one side of the worm gear 27. A pushing ring 34 that is slidably connected in the inner cavity 31 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the clamping push rod 42. The clamping push rod 42 is used to adjust the position of the pushing ring 34. The clamping push rod 42 is externally connected to a power supply and a controller. The moving ring 34 is a hollow annular structure with a circular surface and an inclined groove on the inner surface. Three symmetrically distributed push blocks 35 that can be pushed by the push ring 34 are slidably connected to the inner side of the worm wheel 27. The push blocks 35 have an inner arc-shaped structure. A return spring is provided between the push blocks 35 and the worm wheel 27. The return spring is used to retract and reset the push blocks 35. A worm 28 that meshes with the worm wheel 27 is rotatably connected in the shaft mounting bracket 8. A rotation drive motor 26 is fixedly installed at the top of the worm 28. The rotation drive motor 26 is connected to an external power supply and controller. Two symmetrically distributed limit slide grooves 32 are opened in the shaft mounting bracket 8. Limit sliders 33 are slidably connected in both limit slide grooves 32. Both limit sliders 33 are fixedly installed at both ends of the same worm wheel 27.

[0046] In this embodiment, before machining the shaft, a mark is made at the center point of the shaft end. Then, the shaft to be machined is placed roughly in the middle of the worm gear 27. The controller then controls the clamping push rod 42 to work, which drives the push ring 34 located in the inner cavity 31 to slide. The push ring 34 uses the inclined groove on its inner side to bring the three push blocks 35 placed in the inner cavity 31 closer to the center of the worm gear 27 until the shaft surface is clamped. (In the clamping state, the pushing pressure of the clamping push rod 42 increases. The pressure sensor detects the pressure change and controls the clamping push rod 42 to stop feeding.)

[0047] After clamping, the mark can be captured by a laser sensor installed in the main frame 1. Then, the position of the shaft can be adjusted by the Y-axis adjuster 5 and the X-axis adjuster 6. After adjustment, the rotation drive motor 26 can be controlled by the controller to drive the worm 28 and worm wheel 27 to rotate, thereby driving the shaft inside the worm wheel 27 to rotate. When the worm wheel 27 is rotating, the laser sensor continuously detects the mark. If no problem is detected during the shaft rotation, the shaft can be further processed. However, if a problem is detected during the rotation of the worm wheel 27 and the shaft, the overall shape of the shaft is not qualified, and the shaft can be processed.

[0048] Simultaneously, the rotation of the drive shaft can also assist in the machining of surfaces at different angles of the shaft.

[0049] As one embodiment, a supporting shaft 36 is fixedly mounted on one side of the shaft mounting bracket 8. A lever 37 is rotatably connected to the surface of the supporting shaft 36. A right support frame 29 is fixedly mounted on the right end of the lever 37. Two symmetrically distributed right overlapping wheels 30 are rotatably connected to the top of the right support frame 29. The right overlapping wheels 30 can provide support along the surface of the shaft. An upper hinge frame 38 is rotatably connected to one side of the shaft mounting bracket 8. A lower hinge frame 40 is rotatably connected above the lever 37. An adjusting push rod 39 is hinged between the upper hinge frame 38 and the lower hinge frame 40. The adjusting push rod 39 is used to adjust and control the angle of the lever 37. The adjusting push rod 39 is externally connected to a power supply and a controller. A left support frame 43 is fixedly installed on the left end of lever 37. Two symmetrically distributed left overlapping wheels 47 are rotatably connected above the left support frame 43. A drive wheel 46 and a connecting shaft 44 are rotatably connected in sequence at the upper and lower positions inside the left support frame 43. The surface of the drive wheel 46 is provided with a feed groove. The surfaces of the connecting shaft 44 and the drive wheel 46 are coaxially fixedly equipped with meshing gears 45. A displacement drive motor 41 is fixedly installed at one end of the left support frame 43. The displacement drive motor 41 can realize the drive control of the drive wheel 46, and the drive wheel 46 can assist in adjusting the clamping and blocking position of the shaft. The displacement drive motor 41 is connected to an external power supply and controller.

[0050] In this embodiment, during the machining of the shaft, the controller can control the retraction of the push rod 39, which drives the right end of the lever 37 upward, thereby driving the right support frame 29 and the right overlapping wheel 30 upward to overlap and support the shaft surface, assisting the shaft machining work. At this time, the left end of the lever 37 descends, and the left overlapping wheel 47 and the drive wheel 46 on the other side move away from the shaft, preventing the drive wheel 46 from suddenly working during the machining process and affecting the shaft machining work.

[0051] (Due to the clamping restriction of the shaft, the clamped part is often obstructed when drilling or milling.) When it is necessary to process the obstructed part, the clamping push rod 42 can be retracted by the controller. First, the push block 35 will retract and loosen the clamping of the shaft. After retraction, the adjusting push rod 39 can be extended, which will drive the left end of the lever 37 to rise, thereby driving the left support frame 43, the left overlapping wheel 47 and the drive wheel 46 to rise, providing overlapping support for the lower surface of the shaft. After support, the displacement drive motor 41 can be operated by the controller, which will drive the connecting shaft 44 to rotate. In conjunction with the two gears 45, the drive wheel 46 will rotate, thereby driving the shaft to move. The position of the shaft can be adjusted and controlled to assist the processing.

[0052] As an example, an adjustment groove 48 is fixedly installed on one side of the regulator 4. An adjustment frame 49 is snapped into the adjustment groove 48. The adjustment frame 49 is an L-shaped metal frame. A telescopic frame 52 is slidably connected inside the adjustment frame 49. The telescopic frame 52 is also an L-shaped metal frame. A high-pressure nozzle 53 is fixedly installed inside the telescopic frame 52. The high-pressure nozzle 53 is connected to spray lubricating and cooling oil. At the same time, the high-pressure spray can also clean the milling groove. A circular groove 50 is opened on the surface of the cutter head mounting frame 7. A limiting block 51 is slidably connected to the surface of the telescopic frame 52 through a keyway in the circular groove 50. The friction of the telescopic frame 52 in the adjustment frame 49 is less than the friction of the telescopic frame 52 in the limiting block 51. The mutual sliding between the telescopic frame 52 and the limiting block 51 only occurs when the high-pressure nozzle 53 is being corrected. By setting the circular groove 50 and the limiting block 51, the high-pressure nozzle 53 can be lowered as the cutter head mounting frame 7 is lowered, but it will not rotate as the cutter head mounting frame 7 rotates.

[0053] In this embodiment, before milling or drilling the shaft, the overall height of the adjustment frame 49 can be adjusted according to the milling requirements, and the position between the telescopic frame 52 and the limiting block 51 can be adjusted (subsequent processing only corresponds to milling).

[0054] When milling grooves on a shaft, if the groove depth is large, it is generally necessary to mill the groove surface gradually. As the milling depth gradually decreases, the high-pressure nozzle 53 follows the descent of the cutter head mounting bracket 7, ensuring that the high-pressure nozzle 53 always maintains the same distance from the milled surface. This continuously ensures the cooling, lubrication, and impurity removal of the high-pressure nozzle 53, reducing the situation where, when adjusting the high-pressure nozzle 53 in the traditional way, the high-pressure nozzle 53 descends too quickly, causing it to occupy space and affect the cutting head machining, or descends too slowly, resulting in reduced efficiency of the high-pressure nozzle 53 in cooling, lubricating, and removing impurities from the milled groove environment.

[0055] As one embodiment, a protective window 3 is slidably connected inside the main frame 1, and heat dissipation holes 2 are fixedly installed on the surface of the main frame 1.

[0056] Working principle:

[0057] S1. Before processing, first install the grooving tool, the drilling tool, and the end face treatment tool on the three tool mounting plates 18 of the tool mounting bracket 7. Then adjust the height of the adjusting bracket 49 in the adjusting groove 48 on one side of the adjuster 4 and the position of the telescopic bracket 52 and the limiting block 51 (sliding in the annular groove 50 of the tool mounting bracket 7). At the same time, mark the center of the end of the shaft to be processed. Put the shaft into the inner cavity of the worm gear 27 of the shaft mounting bracket 8. Start the clamping push rod 42 to push the push ring 34. Use its inclined groove to make the three push blocks 35 move towards the center to clamp the shaft. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure increases, control the clamping push rod 42 to stop, and complete the shaft fixing.

[0058] S2. Next, the laser sensor captures the shaft end mark, and the position of the shaft mounting bracket 8 is adjusted by the Y-axis adjuster 5 and the X-axis adjuster 6 to ensure the shaft position is accurate. Then, the rotation drive motor 26 is started to drive the worm gear 28 to drive the meshing worm wheel 27 (both ends are slidably connected to the limit slide groove 32 of the shaft mounting bracket 8 via the limit slider 33) to rotate, thereby driving the shaft to rotate. The laser sensor continuously detects the shaft end mark, and if it is qualified, it enters the processing stage.

[0059] S3. During processing, the corresponding tool push rod 11 is activated as needed, pushing the connecting block 12 to move towards the center of the tool head mounting bracket 7, which in turn moves the connecting cylinder 14 and the sliding bracket 17. The sliding rod 16 of the sliding bracket 17 slides in the sliding groove 15, causing the tool head mounting plate 18 and the tool to move towards the center and descend. The displacement sensor controls the pushing distance of the tool push rod 11 to ensure that the tool is accurately positioned. At the same time, the pushing rod 13 of the connecting block 12 enters the pushing groove 10 of the rotating disk 9, pushing the rotating disk 9 to rotate. Its surface limit rail 54 drives the passive rod 20, the passive bracket 21 (which slides into the support groove 24 via the support slider 25), and the tool head clamping bracket 22 to move towards the center. When the tool head mounting plate 18 is in place, the tool head clamping bracket 22 wraps around it, and the locking block 23 is locked into the locking groove 19 to achieve secondary tool fixation. When changing tools, the tool push rod 11 is controlled to reset, which drives the relevant components to reset, and the steps are repeated to switch tools.

[0060] S4. During processing, start the adjustment push rod 39 to retract, causing the right end of lever 37 to tilt upward, so that the right overlapping wheel 30 of the right support frame 29 supports the shaft. When the shaft is to be processed, first retract the clamping push rod 42 to loosen the push block 35, then start the adjustment push rod 39 to extend, so that the left overlapping wheel 47 and drive wheel 46 of the left support frame 43 support the shaft. Start the displacement drive motor 41, which drives the drive wheel 46 to rotate and move the shaft through the connecting shaft 44 and gear 45. When milling the groove, the cutter head mounting bracket 7 descends, causing the high-pressure nozzle 53 to descend synchronously, and continuously spray oil to cool, lubricate, and remove impurities.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts, comprising a main frame (1) and an adjuster (4) disposed on the main frame (1), characterized in that, The regulator (4) has a cutter head mounting bracket (7) at its bottom. Three symmetrically distributed connecting blocks (12) are slidably connected inside the cutter head mounting bracket (7). A push rod (13) is fixedly installed above each connecting block (12). A rotating disk (9) is rotatably connected inside the cutter head mounting bracket (7). A torsion spring is fixedly installed between the cutter head mounting bracket (7) and the rotating disk (9). Three push grooves (10) matching the push rods (13) are opened at the bottom of the rotating disk (9). A connecting cylinder (14) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each connecting block (12). A sliding frame (17) is slidably connected inside each connecting cylinder (14) through a keyway. A cutter head is fixedly installed at the bottom of each sliding frame (17). The head mounting plate (18) and the cutter head mounting bracket (7) are provided with three sets of sliding grooves (15) and three sets of support grooves (24). Two sliding rods (16) are fixedly installed on the surface of each sliding bracket (17) and are slidably connected inside the sliding groove (15). Two support sliders (25) are slidably connected in each set of support grooves (24). The same passive frame (21) is fixedly installed on one side of each pair of support sliders (25). A passive rod (20) is fixedly installed at the top of each passive frame (21). Three limit rails (54) matching the passive rod (20) are provided on the surface of the rotating disk (9). A cutter head clamping bracket (22) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each passive frame (21). The main frame (1) is provided with a Y-axis adjuster (5), and an X-axis adjuster (6) is provided above the Y-axis adjuster (5). A shaft mounting bracket (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the X-axis adjuster (6). A support shaft (36) is fixedly installed on one side of the shaft mounting bracket (8). A lever (37) is rotatably connected to the surface of the support shaft (36). A right support frame (29) is fixedly installed on the right end of the lever (37). Two symmetrically distributed right overlapping wheels (30) are rotatably connected to the top of the right support frame (29). An upper hinge frame (38) is rotatably connected to one side of the shaft mounting bracket (8). A lower hinge frame (40) is rotatably connected above the lever (37). The upper hinge frame (38) and the lower hinge frame (40) are connected to each other. An adjusting push rod (39) is hinged between the lever (37) and a left support frame (43) is fixedly installed on the left end side of the lever (37). Two symmetrically distributed left connecting wheels (47) are rotatably connected above the left support frame (43). A drive wheel (46) and a connecting shaft (44) are rotatably connected in the upper and lower positions inside the left support frame (43). The surfaces of the connecting shaft (44) and the drive wheel (46) are fixedly installed with meshing gears (45). A displacement drive motor (41) is fixedly installed at one end of the left support frame (43).

2. The vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head mounting bracket (7) has three cutter push rods (11) fixedly installed inside, and the output end of each cutter push rod (11) is fixedly installed on one side of a different connecting block (12).

3. The vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the cutter head mounting plates (18) has three symmetrically distributed slots (19) on its surface, and each of the cutter head holders (22) has a locking block (23) fixedly installed on one side.

4. The vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A worm gear (27) is rotatably connected inside the shaft mounting bracket (8). An inner cavity (31) is opened inside the worm gear (27). A clamping push rod (42) is fixedly installed on one side of the worm gear (27). A push ring (34) is slidably connected inside the inner cavity (31) on the output shaft of the clamping push rod (42). Three symmetrically distributed push blocks (35) that can be pushed by the push ring (34) are slidably connected inside the worm gear (27). A return spring is provided between the push block (35) and the worm gear (27).

5. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shaft mounting bracket (8) is rotatably connected to a worm (28) that meshes with a worm wheel (27), and a rotation drive motor (26) is fixedly installed at the top of the worm (28).

6. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shaft mounting bracket (8) has two symmetrically distributed limiting grooves (32), and each limiting groove (32) is slidably connected to a limiting slider (33). The two limiting sliders (33) are fixedly installed at both ends of the same worm gear (27).

7. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustment groove (48) is fixedly installed on one side of the regulator (4). An adjustment frame (49) is snapped into the adjustment groove (48). A telescopic frame (52) is slidably connected inside the adjustment frame (49). A high-pressure nozzle (53) is fixedly installed inside the telescopic frame (52). A circular groove (50) is opened on the surface of the cutter head mounting frame (7). A limiting block (51) is slidably connected to the surface of the telescopic frame (52) inside the circular groove (50).

8. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame (1) is slidably connected to a protective window (3).

9. A vertical milling CNC machine tool for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame (1) has heat dissipation holes (2) fixedly installed on its surface.

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