Assembly tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tools, and discloses an assembly tool which comprises a female clamp, a first clamp, a second clamp and a mechanical arm. The first clamp is fixedly mounted on the female clamp; the second clamps are detachably arranged on the mother clamp, the number of the second clamps is multiple, and each second clamp is suitable for clamping the side wall outer plate of the corresponding type; the mechanical arm is suitable for clamping the corresponding second clamp according to different types of side wall outer plates and installing the second clamp on the mother clamp. According to the assembly tool, the use convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tooling technology, and in particular to an assembly tooling. Background Technology

[0002] Automobile manufacturing typically involves dedicated production lines, which present a series of problems, including large land area requirements, significant investment in equipment and personnel, low equipment utilization, and increased costs.

[0003] In related technologies, production typically involves specialized tooling combined with automated robotic welding. When large parts like side panels are produced on the same production line for multiple vehicle models, the side panel tooling is usually switched as a whole, using a slide table and fixture library. Fixture libraries have a large footprint, high investment costs, and low line flexibility, causing inconvenience in use. Therefore, improving the ease of use of tooling is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an assembly tooling, which improves ease of use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an assembly fixture, including a female fixture, a first fixture, a second fixture, and a robotic arm; the first fixture is fixedly mounted on the female fixture; the second fixture is detachably mounted on the female fixture, and there are multiple second fixtures, each of which is adapted to hold a corresponding type of side panel; the robotic arm is adapted to hold the corresponding second fixture according to the different types of side panels and to mount the second fixture on the female fixture.

[0006] According to the assembly fixture proposed in the first aspect of this application, the mother fixture is provided with a first fixture and a detachable second fixture, which greatly improves the adaptability and utilization rate of the mother fixture. On the one hand, the detachable second fixture can be adapted to the side panels of different car models. The mother fixture does not need to be replaced as a whole to meet the clamping and fixing of the side panels of various car models, which greatly expands the applicability of the mother fixture. Different car models only need to automatically switch different sub-fixtures, without the need for manual disassembly and replacement of the bulky mother fixture, avoiding long-term downtime and waiting, significantly improving the efficiency of the production line, with fast switching cycle, low investment cost, high line flexibility, and more convenient use.

[0007] Optionally, the robotic arm includes a robotic arm body and a switching gripper, the switching gripper being detachably mounted on the robotic arm body and adapted to hold a second gripper; The assembly fixture also includes a welding torch, which is detachably mounted on the robotic arm body.

[0008] In the above scheme, the mechanical arm body can flexibly switch between the gripper and the welding gun, without the need for additional configuration of a special welding robot, so that a mechanical arm can complete the automatic replacement of the second clamp and the welding of the side outer plate, thereby helping to improve work efficiency, reduce the number of production line equipment, simplify equipment layout, and save workshop installation space.

[0009] Optionally, the switching gripper comprises a main body, a hook and a clamping piece, the main body is detachably connected with the mechanical arm body, the hook is fixedly arranged on the main body, and the clamping piece is movably arranged on the main body to approach or move away from the hook, and the clamping piece and the hook are adapted to clamp or release the second clamp.

[0010] In the above scheme, the main body provides a mounting basis for the hook and the clamping piece, the hook can first form a preliminary positioning support for the second clamp, and the movable clamping piece can clamp the second clamp by approaching the hook, so that the clamping piece and the hook cooperatively complete stable clamping of the second clamp, thereby helping to improve clamping stability and reliability, and the cooperation of the hook and the clamping piece can not only avoid displacement and falling of the second clamp during handling and installation, but also reduce shaking of the second clamp during handling, thereby ensuring positioning accuracy of the second clamp.

[0011] Optionally, the assembly tooling further comprises a first storage rack, and the first storage rack is provided with a plurality of identifiers, and when the second clamp is placed on the identifier, the identifier is adapted to identify different types of second clamps.

[0012] In the above scheme, the probability of mistakenly grabbing the second clamp by the switching gripper can be reduced, the first storage rack provides regular and exclusive storage space for a plurality of second clamps, and the identifier can accurately distinguish the second clamps corresponding to different vehicle models through preset identification logic, so that the identifier can be linked with the control system of the mechanical arm to automatically check whether the type of the second clamp matches the current production vehicle model, thereby preventing assembly errors caused by manual mistakes or mistaken grabbing by the mechanical arm, and helping to improve production line efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, the first storage rack comprises a first support body, a positioning pin and a first support block, the positioning pin and the first support block are arranged on the first support body, the second clamp is provided with a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin, and the first support block supports the second clamp when the positioning pin and the positioning hole are matched.

[0014] In the above scheme, the precise fit of the positioning pin and the positioning hole provides a fixed storage reference for the second clamp, and the first supporting block forms a stable support from the bottom, and the two cooperate to realize the regular storage of the second clamp. Therefore, the positioning accuracy of the second clamp can be improved when it is stored. The fit of the positioning pin and the positioning hole can limit the displacement and shaking of the second clamp on the storage rack, ensure that each second clamp is always in the preset storage position, provide accurate positioning basis for the subsequent grabbing of the mechanical arm, and avoid the failure of the mechanical arm to grab or the deviation of the positioning due to the offset of the clamp storage.

[0015] Optionally, the assembly tool further comprises a mounting seat, and the second clamp is detachably arranged on the mounting seat. The mounting seat comprises a mounting bottom plate, a guide column and a tensioning steel ball. The mounting bottom plate is arranged on the female clamp. The guide column is arranged on the side of the mounting bottom plate away from the female clamp. The guide column is selectively matched with the positioning hole. The tensioning steel ball is arranged on the peripheral surface of the guide column and is selectively extended or retracted when the guide column is inserted and matched with the positioning hole.

[0016] In the above scheme, the positioning accuracy is further improved. The guide column and the positioning hole are connected and fixed by the tensioning steel ball, which can strictly limit the displacement and rotational deviation of the second clamp in the horizontal plane. After the tensioning steel ball is extended, on the one hand, the fit gap can be eliminated to avoid the microshift of the second clamp during the welding process, and on the other hand, the positioning reference of the second clamp, the female clamp and the first clamp can be ensured. At the same time, the installation stability can be greatly improved. The tensioning force of the tensioning steel ball acts uniformly on the inner wall of the positioning hole. Compared with simple insertion or bolt fixation, the clamping firmness is enhanced, and the installation error of the second clamp can be adapted, and the influence of vibration on the assembly accuracy is reduced.

[0017] Optionally, the guide column comprises a peripheral wall and a cavity arranged in the peripheral wall. The peripheral wall is provided with a mounting hole in communication with the cavity. The cavity selectively contains compressed air. The tensioning steel ball is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0018] In the above scheme, the cavity provides a containing space for the compressed air. The mounting hole plays a limiting and guiding role for the tensioning steel ball. By introducing or discharging compressed air into the cavity, the tensioning steel ball can be selectively extended to tightly contact the inner wall of the positioning hole or retracted to release the locking, so as to realize the quick fixing and unlocking of the second clamp. The shaking and displacement caused by the fit gap between the guide column and the positioning hole can be eliminated, and the positioning accuracy is stable.

[0019] Optionally, the second clamp further comprises a second supporting block, and the female clamp comprises a third supporting block. The second supporting block and the third supporting block are pressed against each other when the guide column and the positioning hole are inserted and matched.

[0020] In the above scheme, the guide column and the positioning hole realize accurate positioning in the horizontal direction, and the pressing cooperation of the second support block and the third support block can realize stable vertical support. Therefore, the setting greatly improves the positioning accuracy and stability. The pressing surface of the second support block and the third support block is precisely machined, which can strictly control the vertical height of the second clamp, reduce the up-and-down movement of the second clamp, eliminate the vertical gap between the second clamp and the female clamp, ensure the clamping stability of the second clamp, and improve the clamping reliability of the side outer plate.

[0021] Optionally, the assembly tool further includes a second storage rack, the second storage rack is placed with a switching gripper, the mechanical arm body has a first position and a second position, when the mechanical arm body is located at the first position, the switching gripper is installed on the mechanical arm body, and when the mechanical arm body is located at the second position, the mechanical arm body grasps the second clamp through the switching gripper.

[0022] In the above scheme, the second storage rack provides a dedicated storage space for the switching gripper, and the mechanical arm body realizes the actions of installing the switching gripper and grasping the second clamp through the preset first position and second position respectively. Therefore, the setting makes the automatic process more coherent and efficient. The mechanical arm body can automatically move to the first position to install the switching gripper and then accurately switch to the second position to grasp the second clamp. The whole process does not require manual carrying of the second clamp or manual installation of the switching gripper, which further shortens the overall time of switching the corresponding second clamp of the side outer plate of different vehicle models, and helps to improve the production rhythm.

[0023] Optionally, the second storage rack includes a second support body, a guide rod, and a clamping part, the guide rod is arranged on the second support body and extends in the vertical direction, and the clamping part is arranged on the guide rod and can selectively clamp the switching gripper.

[0024] In the above scheme, the second support body provides a stable installation basis for the guide rod and the clamping part. The vertically extending guide rod provides accurate vertical guidance for the storage of the switching gripper. The clamping part realizes the fixation and unlocking of the switching gripper through selective clamping, which helps to ensure the regularity of the storage of the switching gripper and the accuracy of the taking and placing. Therefore, the setting can greatly improve the installation accuracy of the switching gripper. The vertical guidance of the guide rod can guide the switching gripper to quickly align with the connection interface of the mechanical arm body, avoid installation deviation caused by storage deviation, ensure the connection accuracy of the mechanical arm and the switching gripper, and further ensure the positioning accuracy of the subsequent grasping of the second clamp. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 The overall structure schematic diagram of the switching gripper in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 The overall structure schematic diagram of the first storage rack in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 The overall structure schematic diagram of a certain second position in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 The overall structure schematic diagram of the female clamp in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 The exploded structure schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second clamp and the female clamp in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 The overall structure schematic diagram of the mounting seat in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 The overall structure schematic diagram of the second storage rack in some other embodiments of the present application.

[0027]

Explanation of reference signs

[0028] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application or the above description of drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a particular order or primary and secondary relationship.

[0030] In the present application, the term "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "attach" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B together, and the existence of B alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0033] In the present application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" means two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0034] Automobile manufacturing is usually produced by special production line, the special production line occupies large area, large equipment and personnel investment, low equipment utilization and cost increase and a series of problems. In the prior art, special tooling is generally used to cooperate with robot automatic welding for production, but the existing tooling fixture is mostly designed for a specific vehicle model, when the vehicle model needs to be switched, the operation is complex and time-consuming, and different fixtures often need to be manually disassembled and installed, which seriously affects the production efficiency.

[0035] In the field of automobile manufacturing, especially on the automobile body side welding production line, with the increasing diversification and individualization of market demand, multi-model co-line production has become the norm. When multiple models of side outer plates, which are large parts, are co-lined, the existing mixed automobile production line usually uses a fixture library to switch fixtures for different vehicle models. A fixture is moved from the working position to the fixture library using a sliding table, and then a fixture for another vehicle model is selected from the fixture library and moved to the working position. The switching time is long, which affects the production rhythm, causing inconvenience to use, and the fixture library occupies a large area, has high investment cost and low line flexibility.

[0036] Therefore, how to improve the convenience of tooling and improve production efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved today.

[0037] Therefore, how to improve the convenience of tooling and improve production efficiency is a technical problem that needs to be solved today.

[0037] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides an assembly tool, the second fixture 300 is detachably arranged on the mother fixture 100, the second fixture 300 is a plurality of, each second fixture 300 is suitable for clamping a corresponding type of side outer plate; the mechanical arm 400 is suitable for clamping the corresponding second fixture 300 according to different types of side outer plates, and installing the second fixture 300 on the mother fixture 100, so as to realize the replacement of the second fixture 300 on the mother fixture 100 by the mechanical arm 400, when the side outer plates of different vehicle models need to be welded and assembled, the second fixture 300 suitable for the side outer plate of the corresponding vehicle model can be clamped by the mechanical arm 400 and installed on the corresponding position of the mother fixture 100, and the second fixture 300 of other vehicle models at the corresponding position of the mother fixture 100 can be taken off by the mechanical arm 400, so as to realize the replacement of the second fixture 300 of different vehicle models on the mother fixture 100. By this arrangement, different vehicle models only need to automatically switch different sub-fixtures, without manually disassembling and replacing the heavy mother fixture 100, avoiding long downtime and waiting, significantly improving the efficiency of line switching, with fast switching rhythm, low investment cost and high line flexibility.

[0038] The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 8 The assembly tool provided by the embodiment of the present application is described.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1According to the first aspect of the present application, the assembly tool comprises a female fixture 100, a first fixture 200, a second fixture 300, and a mechanical arm 400.

[0040] The first fixture 200 is fixedly installed on the female fixture 100. Specifically, the female fixture 100 has a plurality of installation positions, and some of the installation positions are provided with the first fixture 200. For the side outer plates of different vehicle models, the first fixture 200 can clamp the side outer plate, thereby reducing the positioning deviation caused by repeated disassembly and improving the clamping stability.

[0041] Meanwhile, the plurality of first fixtures 200 can clamp the side outer plate from multiple angles and multiple points, which helps to disperse the clamping force, avoid the deformation of the side outer plate, improve the clamping firmness, and prevent the workpiece from moving during welding.

[0042] The second fixture 300 is detachably arranged on the female fixture 100. The second fixture 300 is a plurality of fixtures, and each second fixture 300 is suitable for clamping a side outer plate of a corresponding type. Specifically, the other part of the installation positions of the female fixture 100 is detachably provided with the second fixture 300, so that the second fixture 300 of different vehicle models can be installed on the corresponding installation position. It can be understood that the same installation position can be provided with the second fixture 300 of different vehicle models, different installation positions can be provided with the second fixture 300 of the same vehicle model, and different installation positions can also be provided with the second fixture 300 of different vehicle models.

[0043] Therefore, only the second fixture 300 needs to be replaced to adapt to a new vehicle model, without the need to replace the female fixture 100 or the first fixture 200, which greatly reduces the investment in fixtures when a new vehicle model is introduced, shortens the production cycle of the new vehicle model, and allows the second fixture 300 to be individually disassembled, repaired, and replaced when it is worn or fails, without affecting the normal use of the female fixture 100, the first fixture 200, and other second fixtures 300, thereby reducing the maintenance downtime. When the vehicle model is iterated, only the corresponding second fixture 300 needs to be updated, without the need to change the core female fixture 100 and the first fixture 200, thereby greatly improving the use convenience.

[0044] The mechanical arm 400 is suitable for clamping the corresponding second clamp 300 according to different types of side outer plates and installing the second clamp 300 on the mother clamp 100. Specifically, the mechanical arm 400 can be located adjacent to and spaced apart from the mother clamp 100 on one side of the mother clamp 100. The mechanical arm 400 can be used for both welding of the side outer plate and replacement of the second clamp 300 on the mother clamp 100. It can be understood that the mechanical arm 400 automatically completes clamping, carrying and installing of the second clamp 300, replacing manual operation, avoiding the cumbersome process of manual disassembly and installation of the clamp, significantly shortening the downtime of model switching, and the mechanical arm 400 can match the corresponding second clamp 300 according to the model information and complete the installation without manual intervention, which helps to improve production efficiency.

[0045] In specific embodiments, there are two mechanical arms 400, and the two mechanical arms 400 are located on both sides of the mother clamp 100. Each mechanical arm 400 can be switched between the two modes of welding the side outer plate and replacing the second clamp 300. The mother clamp 100 is provided with a plurality of second clamps 300. Part of the plurality of second clamps 300 can be replaced by one mechanical arm 400, and another part of the plurality of second clamps 300 can be replaced by another mechanical arm 400.

[0046] According to the assembly tool provided in the first aspect of the present application, the mother clamp 100 is provided with the first clamp 200 and the detachable second clamp 300, which greatly improves the adaptability and utilization rate of the mother clamp 100. On the one hand, the detachable second clamp 300 can adapt to the side outer plates of different models, and the mother clamp 100 does not need to be replaced as a whole to meet the clamping and fixing of the side outer plates of multiple models, which greatly expands the application range of the mother clamp 100.

[0047] On the other hand, without complex manual adjustment or disassembly process of the mother clamp 100, the downtime caused by model switching and replacement of the corresponding clamp is greatly shortened, the probability of idle of the mother clamp 100 due to model switching is reduced, the mother clamp 100 can be stably put into production for a long time, and the waste of resources caused by the need to reserve multiple sets of corresponding mother clamps 100 during multi-model production is reduced.

[0048] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The mechanical arm 400 includes a mechanical arm body 410 and a switching gripper 420. The switching gripper 420 is detachably arranged on the mechanical arm body 410 and is suitable for clamping the second clamp 300. It can be understood that the switching gripper 420 can grasp the second clamp 300, and the mechanical arm body 410 can grasp the second clamp 300 of different models through the switching gripper 420, so as to place the second clamp 300 of different models on the mother clamp 100 or remove the second clamp 300 of different models from the mother clamp 100.

[0049] Therefore, according to the shape structure and clamping requirement of different side outer plates, the second clamp 300 of the corresponding type can be replaced, the same mechanical arm 400 can stably clamp the second clamp 300 corresponding to different vehicle models, and the adaptation capability of multi-vehicle mixed production is further strengthened.

[0050] The assembly tool further comprises a welding gun, which is detachably arranged on the mechanical arm body 410. Specifically, the mechanical arm body 410 has a first joint connected with the welding gun and a second joint connected with the switching gripper 420. When welding is needed, the mechanical arm body 410 installs the welding gun through the first joint. When the second clamp 300 needs to be replaced, the mechanical arm body 410 installs the switching gripper 420 through the second joint and drives the switching gripper 420 to move to grab the corresponding second clamp 300, realizing the multifunctional use of the mechanical arm body 410.

[0051] Therefore, the mechanical arm body 410 can flexibly switch between installing the gripper and the welding gun, without the need for additional special welding robots. One mechanical arm 400 can complete the automatic replacement of the second clamp 300 and the welding work of the side outer plate, which helps to improve work efficiency, reduce the number of production line equipment, simplify equipment layout, and save workshop installation space.

[0052] In specific embodiments, the assembly tool further comprises a third storage rack for storing the welding gun. The first storage rack 600, the second storage rack 800, the third storage rack, and the female clamp are arranged around the mechanical arm 400, facilitating the quick grabbing of workpieces by the mechanical arm.

[0053] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The switching gripper 420 comprises a main body 421, a hook 422, and a clamping piece 423.

[0054] The main body 421 is detachably connected with the mechanical arm body 410. The hook 422 is fixedly arranged on the main body 421. The clamping piece 423 is movably arranged on the main body 421 to approach or move away from the hook 422. The clamping piece 423 and the hook 422 are adapted to clamp or release the second clamp 300.

[0055] It can be understood that the main body 421 provides a mounting basis for the hook 422 and the clamping piece 423. The hook 422 can first form a preliminary positioning support for the second clamp 300. The movable clamping piece 423 clamps the second clamp 300 by approaching the hook 422. The clamping piece 423 and the hook 422 cooperatively complete the stable clamping of the second clamp 300. The clamping piece 423 moves away from the hook 422 to release the second clamp 300.

[0056] Therefore, the clamping stability and reliability are improved, the cooperation of the hooks 422 and the clamping pieces 423 can avoid displacement and sliding of the second clamp 300 during carrying and installation, and can reduce shaking of the second clamp 300 during carrying, thereby ensuring positioning accuracy of the second clamp 300.

[0057] Meanwhile, the adaptability of the switching gripper 420 can be improved, the movable design of the clamping pieces 423 enables the switching gripper 420 to be compatible with second clamps 300 of different sizes and different clamping points without the need to replace the switching gripper 420 as a whole, and the need to design a dedicated switching gripper 420 for each type of second clamp 300 is eliminated, thereby further reducing the cost of clamp matching and strengthening the adaptability of mixed-line production of multiple vehicle models.

[0058] Specifically, the hooks 422 are a plurality of hooks, the plurality of hooks 422 include a plurality of first hooks and a plurality of second hooks, the plurality of first hooks are arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the plurality of second hooks are arranged at intervals along a second direction, the first hooks and the corresponding second hooks are arranged oppositely along the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0059] The second clamp 300 includes a clamp body and a mounting plate, the clamp body is arranged on the mounting plate, the mounting plate has a first mounting position and a second mounting position, and the clamp body is arranged on the first mounting position or the second mounting position to cooperate with a side outer plate of a corresponding vehicle model.

[0060] The mounting plate is provided with a first mounting protrusion group and a second mounting protrusion group, the first mounting protrusion group includes a plurality of first mounting protrusions corresponding to the plurality of first hooks respectively, and the second mounting protrusion group includes a plurality of second mounting protrusions corresponding to the plurality of second hooks respectively.

[0061] The clamping pieces 423 are two and include a first clamping piece and a second clamping piece, the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece are arranged on the main body part 421, the first clamping piece is arranged on the same side as the first hook, and the second clamping piece is arranged on the same side as the second hook.

[0062] Specifically, the clamping pieces 423 and the hooks 422 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the main body part 421 respectively, when the hooks 422 are hooked to the second clamp 300, the clamping pieces 423 can be moved from the upper side to the lower side to cooperate with the hooks 422, so as to clamp the second clamp 300.

[0063] Specifically, the main body part 421 includes a U-shaped frame and a flange connection part for connecting with the robot body 410, the flange connection part is arranged on the top of the U-shaped frame, the first hook and the first clamping piece are arranged on one end of the U-shaped frame, and the second hook and the second clamping piece are arranged on the other end of the U-shaped frame, that is, the main body part 421 can have a symmetrical structure, the hooks 422 and the clamping pieces 423 are respectively arranged on two sides of the main body part 421 in two groups and symmetrically, and the gripping stability is further improved.

[0064] In addition, the movability of the clamping member 423 can realize quick clamping and loosening in cooperation with the automatic control of the mechanical arm 400, without the need for complex manual assistance, ensuring smooth and efficient replacement of the second clamp 300, further shortening the overall time of vehicle model switching, and improving the operation efficiency of the production line.

[0065] In other embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the assembly tool further comprises a first storage rack 600, and the first storage rack 600 is provided with a plurality of identifiers 610, and the identifiers 610 are adapted to identify different types of second clamps 300 when the second clamps 300 are placed on the identifiers 610. It can be understood that different types of second clamps 300 refer to second clamps 300 for clamping side outer plates of different vehicle models.

[0066] Specifically, the first storage rack 600 can be configured as a multi-layer structure, and the first storage rack 600 can store the second clamps 300, and the first storage rack 600 can store a plurality of second clamps 300, and each identifier 610 corresponds to one second clamp 300.

[0067] Meanwhile, the first storage rack 600 can be multiple, each first storage rack 600 is provided with a plurality of identifiers 610, and each first storage rack 600 can store a plurality of second clamps 300, and the plurality of second clamps 300 stored on each second storage rack 800 can be used to clamp the side outer plates of the same vehicle model, or can be used to clamp the side outer plates of different vehicle models, and the plurality of first storage racks 600 are arranged around the mechanical arm 400.

[0068] The identifier 610 includes a first identification head, a second identification head, a third identification head, and a fourth identification head, and when the identifier 610 corresponds to different types of second clamps 300, at least one corresponding identification head is triggered, so that the vehicle model of the side outer plate that can be clamped by the second clamp 300 is identified.

[0069] As an example, the identifier 610 can also be configured as a two-dimensional code or a radio frequency tag, and when the gripper 420 switches to grab the second clamp 300, the corresponding radio frequency tag can be used to obtain the vehicle model to which the side outer plate that can be grabbed by the second clamp 300 belongs, further improving the use convenience.

[0070] Therefore, the probability of incorrect grabbing of the second clamp 300 by the switching gripper 420 can be reduced, the first storage rack 600 provides regular and exclusive storage space for multiple second clamps 300, and the identifier 610 can accurately distinguish the second clamps 300 corresponding to different vehicle models through preset identification logic. The identifier 610 can be linked with the control system of the mechanical arm 400 to automatically check whether the type of the second clamp 300 matches the current production vehicle model, thereby preventing assembly errors caused by manual errors or incorrect grabbing of the mechanical arm 400, and helping to improve the efficiency of the production line.

[0071] Meanwhile, the identifier 610 can quickly locate the storage position of the target second clamp 300 and feed back to the mechanical arm 400, without the need for manual searching and checking, so that the mechanical arm 400 can directly and accurately grab the corresponding clamp, further shortening the preparation time for vehicle model switching.

[0072] In addition, the storage state (such as whether in place and whether the number is sufficient) of each type of second clamp 300 can be monitored in real time through the identifier 610, so that timely replenishment or maintenance can be facilitated, production line stagnation caused by clamp loss can be avoided, clamp idling and waste can be reduced, and the utilization rate of clamp resources can be improved.

[0073] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The first storage rack 600 includes a first support body 620, a positioning pin 630, and a first support block 640. The positioning pin 630 and the first support block 640 are arranged on the first support body 620. The second clamp 300 is provided with a positioning hole 310 matched with the positioning pin 630. When the positioning pin 630 is matched with the positioning hole 310, the first support block 640 supports the second clamp 300.

[0074] Specifically, when the first storage rack 600 is multi-layered, each layer is provided with a positioning pin 630 and a first support block 640, so as to position and support the corresponding second clamp 300. After the positioning pin 630 is inserted into the positioning hole 310, the outer wall of the positioning pin 630 and the inner wall of the positioning hole 310 abut, reducing the left-right and front-back movement of the second clamp 300 in the plane of the first storage rack 600, and ensuring that the second clamp 300 can be stably placed on the first storage rack 600.

[0075] Meanwhile, the first support block 640 can work together with the positioning pin 630 to support the second clamp 300, reducing the probability of shaking of the second clamp 300 due to uneven placement. Meanwhile, the height of the support block is uniform, which can lift the bottom surface of the second clamp 300 to a preset Z-axis height, so that the grabbing point (such as the clamping groove or boss matched with the switching gripper 420) of the second clamp 300 is always at the same vertical position, providing a fixed height reference for the grabbing of the mechanical arm 400, and avoiding positioning errors caused by height deviation during grabbing.

[0076] In the above scheme, the precise fit of the positioning pin 630 and the positioning hole 310 provides a fixed storage reference for the second clamp 300, and the first support block 640 forms a stable support from the bottom, which cooperates to realize the regular storage of the second clamp 300. By setting in this way, the positioning accuracy when storing the second clamp 300 can be improved, and the cooperation of the positioning pin 630 and the positioning hole 310 can limit the displacement and shaking of the second clamp 300 on the storage rack, ensuring that each second clamp 300 is always in the preset storage position, providing a precise positioning basis for the subsequent grabbing of the mechanical arm 400, and avoiding the failure of the mechanical arm 400 to grab or the deviation of the positioning due to the offset of the clamp storage.

[0077] At the same time, the first support block 640 can uniformly disperse the weight of the second clamp 300, and cooperate with the positioning pin 630 to support the second clamp 300, which can improve the storage stability, prevent the second clamp 300 from being knocked or worn during storage or transportation, and prolong the service life of the second clamp 300.

[0078] In addition, the storage space and management efficiency can be optimized, the guiding effect of the positioning pin 630 allows the second clamp 300 to be quickly and accurately positioned, multiple clamps can be arranged in order on the first support body 620, avoiding cluttered storage that occupies too much space, and the regular storage method facilitates the quick inventory and maintenance of the staff, and the recognizer 610 can further realize intelligent management of the clamps.

[0079] Precise storage positioning reduces the position adjustment steps when the mechanical arm 400 grabs, allowing the mechanical arm 400 to directly and efficiently grab the second clamp 300 without additional visual calibration or position correction, further shortening the clamp replacement time and improving the automation operation efficiency and stability of the production line.

[0080] In specific embodiments, the positioning pin 630 and the first positioning block are both two, and the two positioning pins 630 and the two first positioning blocks are respectively arranged at the four corners of the same plane of the first support body 620, thereby improving the stability of placing the second clamp 300 through multi-point positioning.

[0081] As an example, one of the positioning pin 630 and the first positioning block is one, and the other is two, and they are respectively placed in a triangular arrangement in the plane of the first support body 620, which improves the stability of placing the second clamp 300 while simplifying the structure, reducing the occupied space, and helping to reduce the volume of the first support body 620.

[0082] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The assembly tool further comprises a mounting seat 700, and the second clamp 300 is detachably arranged on the mounting seat 700. It can be understood that the mounting seat 700 can provide a mounting position, so as to fix the second clamp 300 to the female clamp 100.

[0083] The mounting seat 700 comprises a mounting base plate 710, a guide column 720 and a tensioning steel ball 730. The mounting base plate 710 is arranged on the female clamp 100. The guide column 720 is arranged on the side of the mounting base plate 710 away from the female clamp 100. The guide column 720 is selectively matched with the positioning hole 310. The tensioning steel ball is arranged on the circumferential surface of the guide column 720 and can be selectively extended or retracted when the guide column 720 is inserted and matched with the positioning hole 310.

[0084] It can be understood that the mounting base plate 710 provides a stable mounting basis for the guide column 720. The insertion and matching of the guide column 720 and the positioning hole 310 realizes the preliminary positioning of the second clamp 300. The tensioning steel ball 730 extends out of the circumferential surface of the guide column 720 and tightly abuts against the inner wall of the positioning hole 310 to realize fixation. The tensioning steel ball 730 is retracted to release the locking, so as to realize the precise assembly and quick disassembly of the second clamp 300 and the mounting seat 700.

[0085] Therefore, the positioning accuracy is further improved. The guide column 720 and the positioning hole 310 are connected and fixed through the tensioning steel ball 730, which can strictly limit the displacement and rotational deviation of the second clamp 300 in the horizontal plane. After the tensioning steel ball 730 is extended, the fitting gap can be eliminated, and the micro movement of the second clamp 300 during the welding process is avoided, so as to ensure that the positioning reference of the second clamp 300 is consistent with that of the female clamp 100 and the first clamp 200.

[0086] Meanwhile, the installation stability can be greatly improved. The tensioning force of the tensioning steel ball 730 uniformly acts on the inner wall of the positioning hole 310. Compared with simple insertion or bolt fixation, the clamping firmness is enhanced, the installation error of the second clamp 300 can be adapted, and the influence of vibration on the assembly accuracy is reduced.

[0087] In addition, the disassembly and assembly efficiency is significantly improved. The second clamp 300 can be quickly installed and disassembled through the extension and retraction of the tensioning steel ball 730 without manually screwing bolts or disassembling complex structures, so as to further shorten the downtime for switching the second clamp 300. When it is necessary to change the position of the second clamp 300 on the female clamp 100, the mounting seat 700 can be disassembled and mounted on the corresponding position of the female clamp 100, so as to further improve the adaptability of the female clamp 100 to different vehicle side outer panels.

[0088] In specific embodiments, the same mounting seat 700 can be compatible with the positioning holes 310 of different second clamps 300 through the cooperation of the guide column 720 and the tensioning steel ball 730, without the need to design a mounting seat 700 for each second clamp 300, thereby reducing the cost of clamp matching, improving the adaptability and universality of the mounting seat 700, and improving the switching efficiency.

[0089] The mounting seat 700 is a separate consumable part, which can be individually replaced if worn or damaged, without the need to stop using the entire female clamp 100, thereby reducing maintenance costs and downtime risks. At the same time, the mounting seat 700 has a simple overall structure and high rigidity, is not easy to deform during long-term use, and can continuously ensure the stability of positioning accuracy.

[0090] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The guide column 720 includes a peripheral wall 720a and a cavity provided in the peripheral wall 720a, the peripheral wall 720a is provided with a mounting hole in communication with the cavity, the cavity selectively contains compressed air, and the tensioning steel ball 730 is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0091] Specifically, the peripheral wall 720a of the guide column 720 is provided with a compressed air inlet and a compressed air outlet, which are respectively in communication with the cavity. When it is necessary to fix the second clamp 300, compressed air is injected into the cavity through the compressed air inlet, the compressed air enters the mounting hole through the cavity, and the tensioning steel ball is pushed outwards, so that the tensioning steel ball 730 simultaneously abuts against the inner wall of the positioning hole 310 and the inner wall of the mounting hole, thereby realizing the connection and fixation of the mounting seat 700 and the second clamp 300.

[0092] It can be understood that the cavity provides a containing space for compressed air, and the mounting hole plays a limiting and guiding role for the tensioning steel ball 730. By introducing or discharging compressed air into the cavity, the tensioning steel ball 730 can be selectively driven to extend and tightly abut against the inner wall of the positioning hole 310 or to retract and release the locking, thereby realizing the quick fixation and unlocking of the second clamp 300.

[0093] Therefore, the setting can make the automatic control more accurate and efficient. The compressed air driving mode can be linked with the mechanical arm 400 and the production line control system to realize the automatic control of the extension and retraction of the tensioning steel ball 730 without manual intervention, and the mechanical arm 400 can be used to complete the automatic installation and disassembly of the second clamp 300, thereby further shortening the line changing time and improving the automation degree of the production process.

[0094] ​Meanwhile, the tensioning force is uniform and controllable, and the tensioning force of the tensioning steel ball 730 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the air pressure in the chamber, which can ensure that the second clamp 300 is fixed firmly and does not loosen, and can also avoid deformation or surface damage of the positioning hole 310 of the second clamp 300 due to excessive tensioning force. Meanwhile, the uniform tensioning force can eliminate the shaking and displacement caused by the gap between the guide column 720 and the positioning hole 310, and ensure stable positioning accuracy.

[0095] In addition, the structure is more reliable, and the air pressure driving does not need complex mechanical transmission components (such as gears and connecting rods), which reduces the motion wear and failure points, and the cooperation structure of the tensioning steel ball 730 and the second mounting hole is simple and the sealing performance is easy to guarantee, which can adapt to complex working conditions in the workshop and is not easy to jam during long-term use. In addition, the adaptability is more flexible, and the same guide column 720 can be adjusted by air pressure to adapt to second clamps 300 of different materials and different hole diameter tolerances, without the need to replace the guide column 720 or adjust the structure, further improving the universal adaptability of the mounting seat 700.

[0096] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the second clamp 300 is further provided with a second support block 320, and the female clamp 100 is provided with a third support block 110, and the second support block 320 and the third support block 110 are pressed against each other when the guide column 720 is inserted and cooperated with the positioning hole 310.

[0097] It can be understood that while the guide column 720 and the positioning hole 310 achieve accurate horizontal positioning, the pressing cooperation of the second support block 320 and the third support block 110 can achieve stable vertical support. Therefore, the setting greatly improves the positioning accuracy and stability, the pressing surface of the second support block 320 and the third support block 110 is precisely machined, which can strictly control the vertical height of the second clamp 300, reduce the up-and-down movement of the second clamp 300, eliminate the vertical gap between the second clamp 300 and the female clamp 100, ensure the clamping stability of the second clamp 300, and improve the clamping reliability of the side outer plate.

[0098] Meanwhile, the pressing cooperation of the second support block 320 and the third support block 110 can uniformly bear the weight of the second clamp 300 and the side outer plate, avoid the guide column 720 and the tensioning steel ball 730 bearing the vertical load alone, reduce the wear of the tensioning steel ball 730 and the deformation risk of the guide column 720, prolong the service life of the mounting seat 700 and the second clamp 300, and can enhance the welding process stability. The support structure after pressing makes the support effect more stable, which can effectively resist the vibration and impact force during welding, prevent the second clamp 300 from moving or tilting, avoid welding defects caused by clamp shaking, and improve the assembly quality.

[0099] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 8The assembly tool further comprises a second storage rack 800, the second storage rack 800 is placed with the switching gripper 420, the mechanical arm body 410 has a first position and a second position, when the mechanical arm body 410 is located at the first position, the switching gripper 420 is installed on the mechanical arm body 410, when the mechanical arm body 410 is located at the second position, the mechanical arm body 410 is used to grab the second clamp 300 through the switching gripper 420.

[0100] It can be understood that the second storage rack 800 provides a dedicated storage space for the switching gripper 420, and the mechanical arm body 410 realizes the actions of installing the switching gripper 420 and grabbing the second clamp 300 through the preset first position and second position respectively.

[0101] Therefore, the setting makes the automatic process more coherent and efficient, the mechanical arm 400 can automatically move to the first position to install the switching gripper 420 according to the production demand, and then accurately switch to the second position to grab the second clamp 300, without manual carrying of the second clamp 300 and without manual installation of the switching gripper 420, avoiding process interruption, further shortening the overall time of switching the corresponding second clamp 300 of different vehicle side outer plates, and helping to improve the production rhythm.

[0102] At the same time, the switching gripper 420 is stored more safely and normatively, the second storage rack 800 can avoid the bumping, wear or loss caused by the random stacking of the switching gripper 420, protect the switching gripper 420, and at the same time can reduce the occupation of the space around the female clamp 100, the second storage rack 800 can be arranged near the female clamp 100 or within the working radius of the mechanical arm 400, without occupying a large area of space, improving the compactness of the space layout, and making the production line layout more compact.

[0103] In addition, the connection precision of the switching gripper 420 and the mechanical arm body 410 when the switching gripper 420 is installed can be ensured, the positioning deviation caused by manual installation is avoided, and then the accuracy of subsequent grabbing of the second clamp 300 is ensured, the labor and space costs are saved, a person is not needed to look after and store the switching gripper 420, and the labor input is reduced.

[0104] In specific embodiments, the first position is the position of the second storage rack 800, and the second position is a plurality of positions, the plurality of positions include the position of the first storage rack 600 and the position of the mounting seat 700, that is, the mechanical arm 400 at the second position can grab the second clamp 300 located on the mounting seat 700 through the switching gripper 400, or grab the second clamp 300 located on the first storage rack 600.

[0105] In some other embodiments, the second storage rack 800 comprises a second support body 810, a guide rod 820 arranged on the second support body 810 and extending in the vertical direction, and a clamping portion 830 arranged on the guide rod 820 and capable of selectively clamping the switching gripper 420.

[0106] It can be understood that the second support body 810 provides a stable mounting basis for the guide rod 820 and the clamping portion 830, the vertically extending guide rod 820 provides accurate vertical guidance for the storage of the switching gripper 420, and the clamping portion 830 achieves the fixing and unlocking of the switching gripper 420 through selective clamping, which helps to ensure the regularity of the storage of the switching gripper 420 and the accuracy of the taking and placing.

[0107] Therefore, the installation accuracy of the switching gripper 420 can be greatly improved, the vertical guidance of the guide rod 820 can guide the switching gripper 420 to quickly align with the connection interface of the robot body 410, avoid installation deviation caused by storage deviation, ensure the connection accuracy of the robot 400 and the switching gripper 420, and further ensure the positioning accuracy of the subsequent gripping of the second clamp 300.

[0108] At the same time, the storage stability and safety are stronger, the clamping portion 830 can firmly fix the switching gripper 420, prevent it from shaking, slipping or bumping during storage due to workshop vibration or external force collision, protect the clamping structure and accuracy of the switching gripper 420, and prolong the service life.

[0109] As an example, the clamping portion 830 can be linked with the control system of the robot 400, the clamping portion 830 is automatically unlocked when the robot 400 moves to the first position, and is automatically clamped and reset after the robot 400 takes away the gripper, without manual intervention throughout, further improving the degree of production automation, and the design of the vertical guide rod 820 can reasonably utilize the vertical space, avoid the switching gripper 420 from occupying too much horizontal area, and make the production line layout more compact; the adjustable clamping force design of the clamping portion 830 can be compatible with switching grippers 420 of different specifications, without the need to design a storage rack for each type of gripper, reducing the cost of equipment matching, and strengthening the multi-working-condition adaptation capability of the assembly tooling.

[0110] It should be further noted that the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without more limitations, the element defined by the phrase "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

[0111] The various embodiments in the specification are described in progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be mutually referred to, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the method embodiments.

[0112] The above only describes the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can have various modifications and changes for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of claims of the present application.

[0113] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An assembly tooling, characterized in that, include: Female clamp (100); The first clamp (200) is fixedly installed on the female clamp (100); The second clamp (300) is detachably disposed on the mother clamp (100). There are multiple second clamps (300), each of which is adapted to clamp a corresponding type of side panel. A robotic arm (400) is adapted to clamp the corresponding second clamp (300) according to different types of side panel outer plates and to mount the second clamp (300) onto the mother clamp (100).

2. The assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The robotic arm (400) includes a robotic arm body (410) and a switching gripper (420), the switching gripper (420) being detachably disposed on the robotic arm body (410), and the switching gripper (420) being adapted to hold the second gripper (300). The assembly fixture also includes a welding torch, which is detachably mounted on the robotic arm body (410).

3. The assembly fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching gripper (420) includes a main body (421), a hook (422), and a clamping member (423). The main body (421) is detachably connected to the robotic arm body (410). The hook (422) is fixedly disposed on the main body (421). The clamping member (423) is movably disposed on the main body (421) to move closer to or away from the hook (422). The clamping member (423) and the hook (422) are adapted to clamp or release the second clamp (300).

4. The assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly fixture also includes a first storage rack (600) which is provided with a plurality of identifiers (610). When the second fixture (300) is placed on the identifier (610), the identifier (610) is adapted to identify different types of the second fixture (300).

5. The assembly fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first storage rack (600) includes a first support body (620), a positioning pin (630), and a first support block (640). The positioning pin (630) and the first support block (640) are both disposed on the first support body (620). The second clamp (300) is provided with a positioning hole (310) that cooperates with the positioning pin (630). When the positioning pin (630) cooperates with the positioning hole (310), the first support block (640) supports the second clamp (300).

6. The assembly fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The assembly fixture also includes a mounting base (700), and the second clamp (300) is detachably mounted on the mounting base (700). The mounting base (700) includes a mounting base plate (710), a guide post (720), and a tensioning ball (730). The mounting base plate (710) is disposed on the female clamp (100). The guide post (720) is disposed on the side of the mounting base plate (710) away from the female clamp (100). The guide post (720) can be selectively engaged with the positioning hole (310). The tensioning ball is disposed on the circumferential surface of the guide post (720) and can be selectively extended or retracted when the guide post (720) is inserted into the positioning hole (310).

7. The assembly fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide post (720) includes a peripheral wall (720a) and a cavity disposed within the peripheral wall (720a). The peripheral wall (720a) is provided with an installation hole communicating with the cavity. Compressed air is selectively accommodated in the cavity. The tensioning steel ball (730) is disposed in the installation hole.

8. The assembly fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second clamp (300) is also provided with a second support block (320), and the female clamp (100) is provided with a third support block (110). When the guide post (720) is inserted into the positioning hole (310), the second support block (320) and the third support block (110) press against each other.

9. The assembly fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The assembly fixture also includes a second storage rack (800), on which the switching gripper (420) is placed. The robotic arm body (410) has a first position and a second position. When the robotic arm body (410) is in the first position, the switching gripper (420) is installed on the robotic arm body (410). When the robotic arm body (410) is in the second position, the robotic arm body (410) grips the second fixture (300) through the switching gripper (420).

10. The assembly fixture according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second storage rack (800) includes a second support body (810), a guide rod (820) and a clamping part (830). The guide rod (820) is disposed on the second support body (810) and extends in the vertical direction. The clamping part (830) is disposed on the guide rod (820) and can selectively clamp the switching gripper (420).

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