Rock mechanical testing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock tests, and particularly discloses a rock mechanical testing machine which comprises an upper component, a lower component and a horizontal end cover, and is characterized in that the upper component comprises an upper shell, a storage groove is formed in the outer side of the upper shell, and a storage box is mounted in the storage groove through a clamping groove; the horizontal end cover is installed on the threaded groove through threads, an upper pressing rod is installed in the center of the interior of the upper assembly, a pressure sensing detection unit is arranged in the upper pressing rod and collects pressure information, an upper pressing contact ball is installed at the bottom of the upper pressing rod, and a lower pressing contact ball is installed at the bottom of the upper pressing rod. According to the invention, the pressure detection unit and the multispectral optical detection module are integrated in the same portable machine body, so that strength parameters of rock and spectral information of mineral components can be synchronously obtained in one test, and instant and comprehensive data support is provided for field geological exploration and engineering judgment; and the working efficiency and the decision accuracy are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock test, more particularly to a rock mechanics testing machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The on-site rapid acquisition of rock mechanics properties and the composition analysis are very important in the fields of geological exploration, geotechnical engineering and geological disaster assessment. At present, the on-site test mainly relies on point load apparatus and other equipment, and only the strength index can be obtained, and the information dimension is single. The composition analysis needs to send the sample back to the laboratory, and uses X-ray diffractometer or laboratory spectrometer and other equipment, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0003] In addition, the existing on-site test method is destroyed and discarded after the sample test, and cannot form a traceable physical file. When there is a dispute about the test results or a deeper analysis is needed, there is a lack of corresponding original samples. Although there are some attempts to combine mechanical and optical methods, the key problems such as sample cross-contamination, optical detection precision affected by environmental interference, and effective archiving of the sample after testing have not been solved.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for an integrated device and method that can acquire rock mechanics and composition information on-site, quickly and comprehensively, and can standardize and traceably archive the test sample. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a rock mechanics testing machine to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical scheme: a rock mechanics testing machine, comprising an upper assembly, a lower assembly and a horizontal end cover, characterized in that: the upper assembly comprises an upper housing, a receiving groove is formed on the outer side of the upper housing, a receiving box is installed in the receiving groove through a clamping groove, and the horizontal end cover is installed on the threaded groove through threads; an upper pressing rod is installed at the center of the inside of the upper assembly, the upper pressing rod contains a pressure sensing detection unit in the inside, the pressure sensing detection unit collects pressure information, an upper pressing touch ball is installed at the bottom of the upper pressing rod, a sputtering baffle is installed on the inner side of the upper assembly, an air inlet is formed on the top outer side of the sputtering baffle, a bottom support frame is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower assembly, a sample cabin is installed on the bottom support frame through clamping, a photoelectric detector, a monochromatic light source and a photosensitive plate are installed at the bottom of the sample cabin in the inside of the bottom support frame, a treatment groove is formed on the outer side of the bottom support frame, an air ventilation filter screen is installed in the treatment groove, and a plurality of air pumps are installed at the bottom of the air ventilation filter screen at the air outlet; Further, the sample cabin is composed of a metal outer ring and a glass ball groove, the outer ring of the metal outer ring is provided with an outer ring inclined groove for clamping and fixing, the glass ball groove is made of sapphire glass, has high light transmittance and high pressure resistance, and the bottom of the upper pressure contact ball is covered with a pre-tensioned polyimide film.

[0007] Further, the storage box is composed of a plurality of sample boxes and sample grooves, and a plurality of groups of storage boxes constitute different storage functions, including sample storage, storage of sample cabins to be processed, storage of end covers and storage of clean sample cabins.

[0008] Further, the air filter screen is installed on the top of the air pump, the air pump is used for dust removal of the internal environment, and filter screens are installed in the interiors of the air outlet and the air inlet.

[0009] Further, the photoelectric detector, the monochromatic light source and the photosensitive plate constitute a multi-spectral optical detection module, the multi-spectral optical detection module comprises a plurality of monochromatic light sources of different wavelengths and photoelectric detectors, and the wavelengths of the monochromatic light sources at least include blue light, red light and near-infrared light bands.

[0010] Further, the bottom support frame comprises a support main frame, two positioning rings are fixedly connected to the top of the support main frame, a taking and placing groove is formed between the positioning rings, a fixing pin is installed on the positioning ring, and the user places and rotates the sample cabin in the positioning ring, and then the fixing pin fixes the sample cabin.

[0011] Further, the support main frame is internally provided with a light transmission hole, and the multi-spectral optical detection module is installed at the bottom of the light transmission hole.

[0012] Further, the horizontal end cover is composed of an end cover body and a spherical level, the spherical level contains a horizontal liquid and a mark line in the interior, and the outer side of the end cover body is provided with anti-skid lines.

[0013] Further, a touch screen is installed on the lower assembly, and the user adjusts and operates the detection information through the touch screen.

[0014] A rock mechanics field analysis and sample collection method, comprising the following steps: S1: install the sample cabin on the bottom support frame, and place the rock sample on the reusable sample cabin, and close the upper assembly; S2: start the testing machine, and the main machine starts the automatic process, performs internal dust removal, mechanical loading and optical detection; S3: the testing machine outputs the comprehensive analysis results of mechanics and optics; S4: open the upper assembly, and the user judges whether the sample has archiving value according to the experimental results, and selects sealing archiving or cleaning recycling The technical effects and advantages of the present application are: The present application has the advantages that the pressure detection unit and the multi-spectrum optical detection module are integrated in the same portable body, the strength parameters and the mineral composition spectrum information of the rock can be obtained synchronously in one test, instant and comprehensive data support is provided for field geological exploration and engineering judgment, and the work efficiency and decision accuracy are greatly improved.

[0015] The present application has the advantages that the reusable sample cabin and the disposable polyimide film are provided, cross contamination between samples is effectively avoided while the optical detection accuracy is ensured, the sample is sealed and archived together with the film after the test, and the mechanical and optical data of the test are associated, the design ensures that the original physical sample can be traced in subsequent research, and reliable guarantee is provided for achievement review and depth analysis.

[0016] The present application has the advantages that the integrated dust removal system (air pump and ventilation filter screen) and the horizontal leveling mechanism (horizontal end cover) are provided, the optical detection accuracy and the axial accuracy of mechanical loading are maintained in the harsh environment in the field, and the modular storage design improves the operation convenience and environmental adaptability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0026] The reference signs are: 1, upper assembly; 101, upper shell; 102, storage groove; 103, threaded groove; 104, air inlet; 2, lower assembly; 201, lower shell; 202, air outlet; 203, filter screen storage cavity; 204, lower control chamber; 3, horizontal end cover; 301, end cover body; 302, spherical level; 303, threaded sleeve; 4, storage box; 401, sample box; 402, sample groove; 5, touch screen; 6, sample cabin; 601, metal outer ring; 602, outer ring inclined groove; 603, glass ball groove; 7, bottom support frame; 701, support main frame; 702, positioning ring; 703, taking and placing groove; 704, fixing pin; 705, light hole; 8, air filter screen; 9, upper pressing rod; 10, upper pressing touch ball; 11, photoelectric detector; 12, monochromatic light source; 13, photosensitive plate; 14, air pump; 15, sputtering baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application, and in addition, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are only examples, and the rock mechanics testing machine involved in the present application is not limited to each structure described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 And Figure 2 The present application provides a rock mechanics testing machine, which comprises an upper assembly 1, a lower assembly 2 and a horizontal end cover 3. The upper assembly 1 comprises an upper shell 101, and a storage groove 102 is formed on the outer side of the upper shell 101. A storage box 4 is installed in the storage groove 102 through a clamping groove. The horizontal end cover 3 is installed on the threaded groove 103 through a threaded connection. An upper pressing rod 9 is installed at the center of the inside of the upper assembly 1. The inside of the upper pressing rod 9 contains a pressure detection unit, which collects pressure information. An upper pressing touch ball 10 is installed at the bottom of the upper pressing rod 9. A sputtering baffle 15 is installed on the inside of the upper assembly 1. An air inlet 104 is formed on the top outer side of the sputtering baffle 15. The lower assembly 2 is fixedly connected with a bottom support frame 7. The sample cabin 6 is installed on the bottom support frame 7 through a clamping connection. A photoelectric detector 11, a monochromatic light source 12 and a photosensitive plate 13 are installed at the bottom of the sample cabin 6 in the inside of the bottom support frame 7. A processing groove is formed on the outer side of the bottom support frame 7. An air filter screen 8 is installed in the processing groove. A plurality of air pumps 14 are installed at the bottom of the air filter screen 8 at the air outlet 202. In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically point out that the lower assembly 2 is provided with a touch screen 5. The user adjusts and operates the detection information through the touch screen 5.

[0029] The main difference between the embodiment and the prior art is that the portable rock analyzer integrating mechanics and optical detection and the sample archiving method are used in the embodiment to realize on-site rapid mechanical testing, component optical screening of rock samples, and physical archiving of the samples after testing, forming a complete data-sample chain, and specifically, the sample cabin 6; The above structure is the main structure of the embodiment, which solves the problems that current on-site detection in the field environment is difficult and it is difficult to keep the sample, and the upper pressing rod 9 and the air pump 14 are existing structures. The specific structure and connection mode of the upper pressing rod 9 and the air pump 14 are not described in detail in the embodiment.

[0030] Referring to Figure 2 The storage box 4 is composed of multiple sample boxes 401 and sample grooves 402, and multiple groups of storage boxes 4 constitute different storage functions, including storage of samples, storage of sample cabins 6 to be processed, storage of end covers, and storage of clean sample cabins 6.

[0031] In the embodiment, it needs to be specifically explained that the air filter screen 8 is installed on the top of the air pump 14, the air pump 14 is used for dust removal of the internal environment, and filter screens are installed inside the air inlet 104 and the air outlet 202. Under the action of the air pump 14, the gas enters from the air inlet 104 and is discharged from the air outlet 202, and the internal gas is filtered by the air filter screen 8 to achieve dust removal. The air filter screen 8 not only has a dust collection effect during internal dust removal, but also has a collection effect on the splashing fragments after rock breaking. The splashing fragments hit the splashing baffle 15 and finally fall on the air filter screen 8. The filtering effect is stable by replacing the air filter screen 8 at a time.

[0032] Referring to Figure 3 The sample cabin 6 is composed of a metal outer ring 601 and a glass ball groove 603, the outer side of the metal outer ring 601 is provided with an outer ring inclined groove 602 for clamping and fixing, the glass ball groove 603 is made of sapphire glass, has high light transmittance and high pressure resistance, and meets the repeated use requirement in use.

[0033] In the embodiment, it needs to be specifically explained that the sample cabin 6 also needs to install an end cover on the polyimide film when storing samples. The installation method of the end cover is the same as the fixing method of the bottom support frame 7. The sample after installing the end cover is placed in the sample groove 402 for further research in the laboratory.

[0034] Referring to Figure 3The bottom of the upper pressure contact ball 10 is covered with a pre-tensioned polyimide film, which is a disposable consumable. In use, the rock is crushed and broken into an arc shape that tightly adheres to the inner surface of the glass ball groove 603. The tension force carried by the rock during compression will adhere to the polyimide film, causing the polyimide film to fall off the upper pressure contact ball 10 and form an integral part of the rock sample.

[0035] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the golden yellow base color of the polyimide film can filter out a part of stray short-wave blue-violet light in actual use. These lights are easy to produce noise in multiple scattering. This may make the signal-to-noise ratio in the red and near-infrared waveband higher, and the near-infrared waveband is crucial for distinguishing water-containing minerals (such as clay).

[0036] It needs to be added that: in the construction of the spectral database for comparison in the laboratory, all standard rock samples are measured using the same detection cabin with polyimide film. In this way, the "standard spectrum" in the database and the "unknown sample spectrum" measured in the field are obtained under the same system conditions. When performing pattern matching, the filtering effect of the PI film is simultaneously canceled in the numerator and denominator, and the matching result is still accurate. This process is equivalent to calibrating the entire system (light source + PI film + detector) as a complete "black box" sensor.

[0037] With reference to Figure 3 , the photoelectric detector 11, the monochromatic light source 12 and the photosensitive plate 13 form a multi-spectral optical detection module, which includes a plurality of monochromatic light sources 12 and photoelectric detectors 11 of different wavelengths. The wavelengths of the monochromatic light sources 12 include at least blue light, red light and near-infrared light wavebands (typical wavelengths such as: blue light 450nm, red light 650nm, near-infrared 850nm).

[0038] With reference to Figures 4-5 , the bottom support frame 7 includes a support main frame 701, two positioning rings 702 are fixedly connected to the top of the support main frame 701, a taking and placing groove 703 is formed between the positioning rings 702, and a fixed pin 704 is installed on the positioning ring 702. The sample cabin 6 is fixed on the positioning ring 702 in a rotating clamping manner and is locked by the fixed pin 704.

[0039] In this embodiment, it needs to be specifically pointed out that the support main frame 701 is internally provided with a light passing hole 705, and the multi-spectral optical detection module is installed at the bottom of the light passing hole 705.

[0040] With reference to Figure 6The horizontal end cover 3 is composed of an end cover body 301 and a spherical level 302, the spherical level 302 contains a horizontal liquid and a mark line in the inside, a user finds a relatively horizontal surface in the wild through the spherical level 302, the end cover body 301 is screwed into the threaded groove 103 through a threaded sleeve 303 at the bottom, anti-skid lines are arranged on the outside of the end cover body 301, and a user rotates and tightens or opens the horizontal end cover 3 through the anti-skid lines.

[0041] In the embodiment, it needs to be particularly pointed out that the horizontal end cover 3 is used for leveling the device and protecting the touch screen 5 when in use, so that the touch screen 5 is not scratched by unknown objects when being carried, and the use experience is affected.

[0042] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 9 A rock mechanics testing machine control logic method, the specific steps are as follows: S1: A user manually inputs a sample approximate diameter De, the system is powered on for self-checking, whether the sputtering baffle 15 is closed in a normal state is checked, whether the upper pressure contact ball 10 has a contact force after reaching a falling threshold is checked, and an alarm is given and a return is performed when an exception occurs; S2: If there is no exception, a test state is entered, a zero position S0 is recorded, displacement control is switched to constant speed falling, pressure is continuously increased, load quantity is recorded, and a real-time F-S curve is recorded, reflecting a real-time relationship between force and displacement; S3: After reaching a stop position, peak value information Fmax is recorded, a UCS is calculated by calling a parameter analysis logic, wherein UCS=K·I, I=Fmax / De, I is a load intensity index, and K and K' are conversion coefficients, which are empirical values under different models. For most rocks, the K value is between 20-25, and there is a difference due to different lithology (the ISRM recommended value from an industry standard). The built-in database stores K value ranges corresponding to different lithology (such as granite, limestone, and sandstone); S4: The device is safely returned, and is lifted to the original point, and a user selects to keep or discard data results.

[0043] Referring to Figure 8 A rock mechanics field analysis and sample collection method, the specific steps are as follows: S1: After the ground is leveled by the spherical level 302, the sample cabin 6 is installed on the bottom support frame 7, is fixed on the positioning ring 702 in a rotating clamping mode, is locked by the fixed pin 704, and a rock sample is placed on the reusable sample cabin 6, and the upper assembly 1 is closed; S2: The testing machine is started, and the main machine starts an automatic process, performs internal dust removal, and performs mechanical loading and optical detection; S3: The testing machine outputs comprehensive analysis results of mechanics and optics; S4: open the upper assembly 1, the user according to the experimental results independently judge whether the sample has the value of archiving, choose to seal archiving or clean recycling.

[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rock mechanics testing machine, comprising an upper component (1), a lower component (2), and a horizontal end cap (3), characterized in that: The upper component (1) includes an upper outer shell (101), a storage slot (102) is provided on the outer side of the upper outer shell (101), a storage box (4) is installed in the storage slot (102) through a slot, a horizontal end cap (3) is installed on a threaded groove (103) through a thread, an upper pressure rod (9) is installed in the center of the upper component (1), the upper pressure rod (9) contains a pressure sensing unit, the pressure sensing unit collects pressure information, an upper pressure contact ball (10) is installed at the bottom of the upper pressure rod (9), a sputtering baffle (15) is installed on the inner side of the upper component (1), and the upper outer shell (101) is installed in a threaded groove (103). 01) An air inlet (104) is provided on the top outer side of the sputtering baffle (15). The lower component (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom support frame (7). A sample chamber (6) is installed on the bottom support frame (7) by snap-fit. A photodetector (11), a monochromatic light source (12), and a photosensitive plate (13) are installed inside the bottom support frame (7) at the bottom of the sample chamber (6). A processing groove is provided on the outer side of the lower component (2) at the bottom of the bottom support frame (7). A ventilation filter (8) is installed in the processing groove. Multiple air pumps (14) are installed at the bottom of the ventilation filter (8) at the air outlet (202). The sample chamber (6) is composed of a metal outer ring (601) and a glass ball groove (603). The outer ring (601) has an outer ring inclined groove (602) on the outside for snap-fit ​​fixation. The glass ball groove (603) is made of sapphire glass, which has high light transmittance and high pressure resistance. The bottom of the upper pressure ball (10) is covered with a pre-tensioned polyimide film.

2. The rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage box (4) consists of multiple sample boxes (401) and sample slots (402). The multiple sets of storage boxes (4) constitute different storage functions, including the storage of samples, the storage of samples to be processed (6), the storage of end caps, and the storage of clean sample chambers (6).

3. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation filter (8) is installed on the top of the air pump (14), which is used to remove dust from the internal environment. The air inlet (104) and the air outlet (202) are both equipped with filters.

4. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photodetector (11), monochromatic light source (12) and photosensitive plate (13) form a multispectral optical detection module. The multispectral optical detection module includes multiple monochromatic light sources (12) of different wavelengths and photodetectors (11). The wavelengths of the monochromatic light sources (12) include at least blue light, red light and near-infrared light bands.

5. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom support frame (7) includes a support main frame (701). Two positioning rings (702) are fixedly connected to the top of the support main frame (701). A pick-and-place slot (703) is provided between the positioning rings (702). A fixing pin (704) is installed on the positioning ring (702). After the user places and rotates the sample chamber (6) in the positioning ring (702), the fixing pin (704) fixes the sample chamber (6).

6. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main support frame (701) has a light-transmitting hole (705) inside, and the multispectral optical detection module is installed at the bottom of the light-transmitting hole (705).

7. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal end cap (3) consists of an end cap body (301) and a spherical level (302). The spherical level (302) contains a horizontal liquid and a marking line inside. The outer side of the end cap body (301) is provided with anti-slip texture.

8. A rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower component (2) is equipped with a touch screen (5), through which the user can adjust the detection information.

9. A method for on-site rock mechanics analysis and sample collection, using a rock mechanics testing machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Install the sample chamber (6) onto the bottom support frame (7), place the rock sample on the reusable sample chamber (6), and close the upper assembly (1). S2: Start the testing machine. The main unit begins the automated process, including internal dust removal, mechanical loading, and optical testing. S3: The test machine outputs a comprehensive mechanical and optical analysis result; S4: Open the upper component (1), and the user can independently judge whether the sample has archival value based on the experimental results, and choose to seal and archive or clean up and recycle.

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