Construction technology of offshore photovoltaic pile foundation

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction technology of an offshore photovoltaic pile foundation. The construction technology comprises the following steps of pile hoisting, pile turning and pile driving. When the pile hoisting step is carried out, a pile grabbing device installed on a crane ship is adopted, and the pile grabbing device comprises a balance beam and four grabbing hands. The four grippers and the four lifting lugs on the top surface of the balance beam are connected to the bottom surface of the flat cross beam in a one-to-one correspondence manner; when the pile is hoisted, the clamping jaws of the four tongs tightly hold the pile body, and the pile body is hoisted by a crane; in the pile turning step, a pile turning device mounted on a crane ship is adopted; during pile turning, a pile body is hoisted to the pile turning device through the crane and the pile grabbing device, and the pile body is turned from a horizontal state to a vertical state through the plate turning device; in the pile driving step, a pile driving mechanical arm installed on a pile driving barge is adopted, and in the pile driving process, a pile body clamp of the pile driving mechanical arm is used for grabbing a pile body, then the pile body is moved to a designated pile position on the water through the mechanical arm, and then the pile body is directly driven through a hydraulic vibration hammer. The construction method can realize assembly line work and is high in construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a construction process for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of offshore photovoltaic and wind power projects in my country, the construction technology of pile foundations has also been further developed. A pile foundation is a type of foundation consisting of several single piles driven into the soil, connected by a top cap or beam. Its function is to transfer the upper load, which is difficult for shallow soil layers to bear, to deeper soil or rock layers with greater bearing capacity, or to compact the upper weak bearing layer to increase the density of the foundation, thereby significantly increasing the bearing capacity of the foundation. As a deep foundation, pile foundations have the characteristics of high bearing capacity, small and uniform settlement. Currently, the main construction process for offshore pile foundations both domestically and internationally involves: a crane lifting the pile to the appropriate position, a mechanical arm clamping and lifting the pile, turning it over, and placing it into a pile gripper, finally using a pile driver to drive the pile. Because the piles in offshore photovoltaic fields are relatively dense and the number of piles to be driven is large, this construction method is not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also cannot simultaneously perform pile lifting, turning, and driving work, and poses construction safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a construction process for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations that enables continuous operation and meets the requirements of high-efficiency and frequent pile driving operations.

[0004] The technical solution to achieve the above objectives is: a construction process for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations, which is implemented using construction equipment, including a crane vessel, a pile driving vessel, and a pile grabbing device and a pile turning device installed on the crane vessel; the construction process includes the following steps: pile lifting, pile turning, and pile driving; During the pile lifting process, a pile gripping device installed on the crane vessel is used. The pile gripping device includes a balance beam and four grippers. Four lifting lugs are evenly fixed on the top surface of the balance beam. The four grippers are connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal beam in a one-to-one correspondence with the four lifting lugs. Each gripper includes a fixed hinge shaft fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal beam, two upper connecting rods with their upper ends hinged to the fixed hinge shaft, two lower connecting rods with their upper ends hinged to the lower ends of the two upper connecting rods in a one-to-one correspondence, a lower crossbar with both ends hinged to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods in a one-to-one correspondence, a pile gripping hydraulic cylinder with its cylinder body connected to the fixed hinge shaft and the piston rod end connected to the middle of the top surface of the lower crossbar, and two arc-shaped claws that are cross-hinged to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods in a one-to-one correspondence. When lifting a pile, the main hook of the crane on the crane ship is first connected to the four lifting lugs on the pile grabbing device through four steel wire ropes. Then, the crane moves the pile grabbing device to the pile body placed on the deck of the crane ship. At the same time, the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the four grabbing hands are extended, so that the claws of the four grabbing hands hold the pile body tightly. Then the crane lifts the pile body. When performing the pile turning step, a pile turning device installed on the crane ship is used. The pile turning device includes a base fixed on the deck near one side of the crane ship, a support column fixed on the rear end of the top surface of the base, a support fixed on the front end of the top surface of the base, a turning plate with one end hinged to the top fulcrum of the support and the other end resting on the top of the support column, a cylinder hinged to the middle of the rear end face of the support, and a pile turning hydraulic cylinder with the end of the piston rod hinged to the middle of the bottom surface of the turning plate. When flipping a pile, the pile body is lifted onto the flipping plate of the pile flipping device by the crane and pile grabbing device on the crane ship. Then, the piston rod of the pile flipping hydraulic cylinder is activated to extend, so that the flipping plate rotates 90° around the top fulcrum of the support. The flipping plate drives the pile body to flip from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the piling process, a piling mechanical arm on the piling vessel is used. The piling mechanical arm includes a mechanical arm mounted on top of the piling frame, a hydraulic vibratory hammer mounted at the front end of the mechanical arm, a pile clamp mounted below the vibratory hammer, a GPS positioning device mounted at the connection center between the front end of the mechanical arm and the hydraulic vibratory hammer, and an inclinometer mounted on the pile clamp. During pile driving, the pile body clamp of the pile driving robot arm is first used to grasp the vertical pile body on the crane ship. Then, the robot arm moves the pile body to the water. The position of the pile body is adjusted by the GPS positioning device so that the pile body is located at the designated pile position. Then, the pile body is directly struck by the hydraulic vibratory hammer until the pile body is vibrated to a certain depth in the underwater stratum. During the pile driving process, the tilt angle of the pile body is monitored in real time by the inclinometer to prevent the pile body from tilting excessively.

[0005] In the above-mentioned construction process of marine photovoltaic pile foundation, during the pile flipping step, a pair of limiting baffles with a spacing adapted to the outer diameter of the pile are fixed on the top surface of each of the two ends of the flipping plate.

[0006] In the above-mentioned construction process of offshore photovoltaic pile foundation, during the pile driving step, the pile clamp includes a clamp sleeve and a clamping block installed in the inner cavity at the top of the clamp sleeve.

[0007] The construction technology for offshore photovoltaic pile foundations of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By employing pile-grabbing and pile-turning devices mounted on crane vessels, and pile-driving robotic arms mounted on pile-driving vessels, the pile-turning step can be carried out simultaneously with the pile-lifting and pile-driving steps, achieving continuous operation and significantly reducing construction discontinuity. This ensures sufficient debugging of various equipment before construction and enables economical and efficient pile lifting, pile turning, and pile driving. It not only effectively shortens the project cycle of pile foundation construction but also reduces the debugging work of various equipment during operation, achieving the goal of rapid pile driving for the entire construction site. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the construction equipment used in the construction process of the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a side view of the pile-grabbing device in the construction equipment used in the construction process of this invention; Figure 2a yes Figure 2 Side view (when the pile is held tightly); Figure 2b yes Figure 2 Side view (when the pile is loosened); Figure 3 This is a side view of the pile-turning device in the construction equipment used in the construction process of this invention; Figure 4 This is a state diagram of the pile driving step in the construction process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The construction process of the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation of the present invention is implemented by construction equipment, which includes a crane vessel 100, a pile driving vessel 200, and a pile grabbing device 1 and a pile turning device 2 installed on the crane vessel 100, and includes the following steps: pile lifting, pile turning and pile driving.

[0012] During the pile lifting process, a pile gripping device 1 installed on the crane vessel 100 is used. The pile gripping device 1 includes a balance beam 1A and four grippers 1B. Four lifting lugs 10 are evenly fixed on the top surface of the balance beam 1A. The four grippers 1B are connected to the bottom surface of the horizontal beam 1A in a one-to-one correspondence with the four lifting lugs 10. Each gripper 1B includes a fixed hinge shaft 11 fixed on the bottom surface of the horizontal beam 1A, two upper connecting rods 12 with their upper ends hinged to the fixed hinge shaft 11, two lower connecting rods 13 with their upper ends hinged to the lower ends of the two upper connecting rods 12 in a one-to-one correspondence, a lower crossbar 14 with its two ends hinged to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods 13 in a one-to-one correspondence, a pile gripping hydraulic cylinder 15 with its cylinder body connected to the fixed hinge shaft 11 and the piston rod end connected to the middle of the top surface of the lower crossbar 14, and two arc-shaped claws 16 that are cross-hinged to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods 13 in a one-to-one correspondence. When lifting the pile, the main hook of the crane 101 on the crane vessel 100 is first connected to the four lifting lugs 10 on the balance beam 1A of the pile grabbing device 1 through four steel wire ropes 102. Then, the crane 101 moves the pile grabbing device 1 to above the pile body 300 placed on the deck of the crane vessel 100. At the same time, the piston rods of the pile grabbing hydraulic cylinders 15 of the four grabbing hands 1B are activated to extend, so that the claws 16 of the four grabbing hands 1B hold the pile body 300 tightly. Then, the crane 101 lifts the pile body 300. When performing the pile turning step, a pile turning device 2 installed on the crane vessel 100 is used. The pile turning device 2 includes a base 20 fixed on the deck near one side of the crane vessel 100, a support column 21 fixed on the rear end of the top surface of the base 20, a support 22 fixed on the front end of the top surface of the base 20, a turning plate 23 with one end hinged to the top fulcrum 220 of the support 22 and the other end resting on the top of the support column 21, and a pile turning hydraulic cylinder 24 with the cylinder body hinged to the middle of the rear end face of the support 22 and the end of the piston rod hinged to the middle of the bottom surface of the turning plate 23. A pair of limiting baffles 230 with a spacing adapted to the outer diameter of the pile body 300 are fixed on the top surface of each end of the turning plate 23. During pile flipping, the pile body 300 is lifted onto the flipping plate 23 of the pile flipping device 2 by the crane 101 and the pile grabbing device 1 on the crane vessel 100, so that the pile body 300 is clamped by two pairs of limiting baffles 230. Then, the piston rod of the pile flipping hydraulic cylinder 24 is activated to extend, so that the flipping plate 23 rotates 90° around the top fulcrum 220 of the support 22. The flipping plate 23 drives the pile body 300 to flip from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the process of flipping the pile body 300, the two pairs of limiting baffles 230 can prevent the pile body 300 from sliding sideways. During the piling process, a piling robotic arm 3 on the piling vessel 200 is used. This robotic arm 3 includes a robotic arm 30 mounted on top of the piling frame, a hydraulic vibratory hammer 31 mounted at the front end of the robotic arm 30, a pile clamp mounted below the vibratory hammer 31, a GPS positioning device 34 mounted at the connection center between the front end of the robotic arm 30 and the hydraulic vibratory hammer 31, and an inclinometer 35 mounted on the pile clamp. The pile clamp includes a pile sleeve 32 and a clamping plate 33 mounted in the top inner cavity of the pile sleeve 32. The inclinometer 35 is mounted on the lower outer surface of the pile sleeve 32. The inclinometer 35 can monitor the tilt angle of the pile 300 in real time to prevent excessive tilting. The hydraulic vibratory hammer 31 is connected to the robotic arm 30 and can directly move the pile 300 and drive the pile. The GPS positioning device 34 can locate the construction pile position in real time, enabling rapid pile driving at the construction site.

[0013] During pile driving, the pile body clamp of the pile driving robot arm is first used to grasp the vertical pile body 300 on the crane ship. Then, the robot arm 30 moves the pile body 300 to the water. The position of the pile body 300 is adjusted by the GPS positioning device 34 so that the pile body 300 is located at the designated pile position 301. Then, the hydraulic vibratory hammer 31 directly hits the pile body 300 to sink the pile body 300 to a certain depth in the underwater stratum. During the pile driving process, the inclination meter 35 monitors the tilt angle of the pile body 300 in real time to prevent the pile body 300 from tilting excessively.

[0014] The construction process of the offshore photovoltaic pile foundation of the present invention adopts a pile grabbing device and a pile turning device installed on a crane ship, as well as a pile driving mechanical arm installed on a pile driving ship. When performing the pile turning step, the pile lifting step and the pile driving step can be carried out simultaneously to achieve continuous operation, greatly reducing the discontinuity of construction. It can not only ensure the adequacy of the debugging work of each equipment before construction, but also carry out pile lifting, pile turning and pile driving economically and efficiently. It not only effectively shortens the construction cycle of the pile foundation construction project, but also reduces the debugging work of each equipment during operation, so as to achieve the goal of rapid pile driving of the entire construction site.

[0015] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction process of offshore photovoltaic pile foundation, realized by a construction equipment, the construction equipment comprising a crane ship, a piling ship, and a pile grabbing device and a pile turning device installed on the crane ship; the construction process comprising the following steps: pile lifting, pile turning and pile driving; characterized in that, when the pile lifting step is performed, the pile grabbing device installed on the crane ship is used, the pile grabbing device comprising a balance beam and four grabbers; four lifting lugs are evenly fixed on the top surface of the balance beam; the four grabbers are connected to the four lifting lugs one by one on the bottom surface of the balance beam, each grabber comprising a fixed hinge shaft fixed on the bottom surface of the balance beam, two upper connecting rods with upper ends hingedly connected to the fixed hinge shaft, two lower connecting rods with upper ends hingedly connected to the lower ends of the two upper connecting rods one by one, a lower crossbar with two ends hingedly connected to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods one by one, a pile grabbing hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder body connected to the fixed hinge shaft and a piston rod end connected to the middle part of the top surface of the lower crossbar, and two arc-shaped clamping jaws hingedly connected to the lower ends of the two lower connecting rods one by one; when the pile is lifted, the main hook of the crane on the crane ship is connected to the four lifting lugs on the pile grabbing device one by one through four steel wires, then the pile grabbing device is moved to above the pile placed on the deck of the crane ship by the crane, at the same time, the piston rod of the pile grabbing hydraulic cylinder of each grabber is extended, so that the clamping jaws of the four grabbers tightly hold the pile, and then the pile is lifted by the crane; when the pile turning step is performed, the pile turning device installed on the crane ship is used, the pile turning device comprising a base fixed on the deck of the crane ship near one side of the hull, a support column fixed on the top rear end of the base, a support fixed on the top front end of the base, a turning plate with one end hingedly connected to the top end fulcrum of the support and the other end resting on the top end of the support column, and a pile turning hydraulic cylinder with a cylinder body hingedly connected to the middle part of the rear end surface of the support and a piston rod end hingedly connected to the middle part of the bottom surface of the turning plate; when the pile is turned, the pile is lifted to the turning plate of the pile turning device by the crane and the pile grabbing device on the crane ship, then the piston rod of the pile turning hydraulic cylinder is extended, so that the turning plate rotates 90° around the top end fulcrum of the support, and the pile is turned from a horizontal state to a vertical state by the turning plate; when the pile driving step is performed, the pile driving mechanical arm on the piling ship is used, the pile driving mechanical arm comprising a mechanical arm installed on the top of a pile driving frame, a hydraulic vibration hammer installed on the front end of the mechanical arm, a pile clamp installed below the hydraulic vibration hammer, a GPS positioning device installed at the connection center of the front end of the mechanical arm and the hydraulic vibration hammer, and an inclination instrument installed on the pile clamp; when the pile is driven, the pile clamp of the pile driving mechanical arm is used to grab the pile in a vertical state on the crane ship, then the pile is moved to the water by the mechanical arm, the position of the pile is adjusted by the GPS positioning device so that the pile is located at the designated pile position, and the pile is directly hit by the hydraulic vibration hammer until the pile is vibrated and sunk to a certain depth of the underwater stratum; during the pile driving process, the inclination angle of the pile is monitored in real time by the inclination instrument to prevent the pile from being excessively inclined.

2. Process for the construction of a marine photovoltaic pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the pile turning step is performed, a pair of limiting baffles with a spacing adapted to the outer diameter of the pile are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of the two ends of the turning plate.

3. The process for the construction of offshore photovoltaic pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pile body clamp comprises a clamp sleeve and a clamp block installed in the inner cavity of the top of the clamp sleeve when the pile driving step is performed.

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