A measuring device for grinding gears of a differential assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of differential assembly gear grinding measuring devices, belong to metrological gauge technical field, to solve the single parameter of existing device detection, poor shell adaptability, lack of dynamic detection and the problem of insufficient precision of clamping.For device includes mounting bracket, differential assembly body, installation frame, top clamping drive mechanism, measuring mechanism and controller.Top clamping drive mechanism can clamp differential assembly and drive main output shaft to simulate actual meshing condition, measuring mechanism is inserted into the inside of assembly through the thread hole of planetary wheel shaft rod, with the help of high-precision inductance probe and laser displacement sensor to detect various gear grinding precision parameters, controller overall components to realize automatic operation.The device does not need to disassemble differential housing, detects comprehensive parameters, dynamic detection is accurate, can also guarantee sealing protection after detection, improve gear grinding detection efficiency and quality determination accuracy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of measuring gauges, in particular to a measuring device for gear grinding of a differential assembly. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the requirements of the automobile industry on the smoothness and reliability of a transmission system, the gear shaft gear grinding precision of a differential assembly as a core transmission component directly affects the driving experience and transmission efficiency of a whole vehicle. The traditional processing mode of 'gear grinding after assembly' is prone to assembly reference deviation, thus leading to assembly precision reduction, and therefore 'gear grinding in the assembly state' becomes a key process for optimizing the gear shaft precision.

[0003] The existing detection device has obvious defects: the differential assembly axial gap detection device disclosed in the Chinese patent with the authorized announcement number CN223192331U only focuses on axial gap measurement and does not cover key indexes such as tooth spacing deviation, tooth direction error, tooth shape precision and tooth surface roughness, which are critical to the gear grinding process, and it is difficult to comprehensively determine the gear grinding processing quality; the structure characteristics of the differential assembly with a shell are not considered, the detection channel design under the shielding of the shell is lacking, the precise detection of the gear shaft tooth surface cannot be realized, and the sealing protection requirement of avoiding impurities from entering after the assembly gear grinding is not met; the gear shaft meshing rotation driving structure synchronized with detection is not set, only static detection can be realized, the dynamic meshing working condition of the differential when it is actually working cannot be simulated, and the precision deviation in the dynamic state is easy to be missed; the real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment mechanism for the clamping pressure is lacking, the gear shaft may be damaged due to excessive clamping, or displacement may be caused during the detection process due to loose clamping, thereby affecting the measurement precision. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a measuring device for gear grinding of a differential assembly to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A measuring device for gear grinding of a differential assembly comprises a mounting frame and a differential assembly body, a mounting frame is fixedly installed in the mounting frame, a guide rail strip is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting frame, a guide rail block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the guide rail strip, an installation plate is fixedly installed at one end of the guide rail block, a top clamping driving mechanism is fixedly installed at one end of the installation plate, and the lower end of the top clamping driving mechanism is vertically opposite to a matching groove.

[0007] The aforementioned measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding includes: a mounting plate whose upper surface is fixedly connected to the piston rod of an electric push rod; the electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting frame, and the piston rod of the electric push rod slides through the mounting frame; the extension and retraction of the piston rod pushes the mounting plate, driving the top clamping drive mechanism to precisely press against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly, thus clamping the main output shaft and securing the differential assembly within the mating groove, while simultaneously driving the main output shaft to rotate; measuring mechanisms are embedded and fixedly mounted at both ends of the lower half of the mounting frame. The measuring end of the measuring mechanism is slidably disposed in the mating groove, which is connected to both ends of the fitting groove. When the differential assembly is placed in the fitting groove, the axles of the planetary gears at both ends of the differential assembly are simultaneously located in the mating groove and are horizontally opposite to the measuring end of the measuring mechanism. Threaded holes are provided on the axles of the planetary gears at both ends of the differential assembly. The threaded holes allow the measuring mechanism, which is horizontally opposite to them, to drive the detection end through and insert it into the center of the differential assembly. After measurement, bolts can be installed in the threaded holes through threaded engagement to seal the threaded holes.

[0008] The aforementioned measuring device for grinding differential assembly teeth, wherein: the top clamp drive mechanism includes a reducer, the reducer is fixedly installed on one end of the mounting plate, a first connecting plate is fixedly installed on the output shaft on the lower surface of the reducer, connecting arms are rotatably installed on all four ends of the outer surface of the first connecting plate, the other end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the middle bent part of the L-shaped rod, one end of the L-shaped rod is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the second connecting plate, and a clamping pad is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod.

[0009] The aforementioned measuring device for grinding differential assembly teeth includes: a spring fixedly connected between the upper and lower surfaces of the first and second connecting plates, the spring applying a downward spring force to the second connecting plate; when the mounting plate moves downward under the drive of the electric push rod, the second connecting plate precisely presses against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly under the spring force; as the electric push rod continues to press down, the second connecting plate moves upward under the reaction force of the main output shaft; when the second connecting plate moves upward, the connecting arm rotatably connected to its outer surface drives the L-shaped rod to move synchronously, causing the L-shaped rod to rotate around the middle bend as a fulcrum, thereby causing the clamping pad on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod to retract towards the main output shaft, ultimately clamping the main output shaft from all four sides; through the clamping force of the clamping pad and the top pressure of the second connecting plate, the differential assembly is firmly pressed into the mating groove.

[0010] The aforementioned measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding includes: a pressure sensor is embedded and fixedly installed in each of the clamping pads; a pressure pad is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure detection end of the pressure sensor; the pressure pad protrudes from the inner surface of the clamping pad, so that when the clamping pad grips the main output shaft, the pressure pad preferentially presses against the outer surface of the main output shaft.

[0011] The aforementioned measuring device for grinding differential assembly teeth includes: a first synchronous pulley fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output shaft on the upper surface of the reducer; a synchronous belt fitted on the outer surface of the first synchronous pulley; the other end of the synchronous belt fitted on the outer surface of a second synchronous pulley; the second synchronous pulley fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output shaft of a first motor; and the first motor fixedly mounted on the other end of the mounting plate.

[0012] The aforementioned measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding includes: the signal transmitting end of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal receiving end of the controller; the control output end of the controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod and the electronic control end of the first motor; the controller can be installed in a mounting bracket; the pressure sensor is model FN6163-2; and the controller is model EC300.

[0013] The aforementioned measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding includes: a measuring mechanism comprising two sets of linear modules, both sets of linear modules being embedded and fixedly mounted opposite each other at both ends within a mounting frame; a connecting plate is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the moving block of each set of linear modules, and a gear rack is rotatably mounted on one end of each connecting plate, with the gear rack located within a mating groove; a high-precision inductive sensor and a laser displacement sensor are respectively embedded and fixedly mounted on the other end of each set of gear racks; through the pushing of the linear modules, the gear rack, the high-precision inductive sensor, and the laser displacement sensor can be precisely inserted into the threaded holes on the planetary gear shaft.

[0014] The aforementioned measuring device for grinding differential assembly teeth, wherein: the outer surface of the rack meshes with the gear, the gear is fixedly installed on one end of the output shaft of the second motor, the second motor is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting frame, and the second motor simultaneously covers the upper end of the mating groove.

[0015] The aforementioned measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding includes: the signal transmitting ends of the high-precision inductive sensor and the laser displacement sensor are both connected to the signal receiving end of the controller; the linear module and the second motor are both controlled by the controller; the high-precision inductive sensor is model TP200, and the laser displacement sensor is model IL-300.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. By combining a high-precision inductive sensor with a laser displacement sensor in two modes, it comprehensively covers core precision parameters of gear grinding, such as pitch deviation, tooth direction error, and tooth profile deviation. Furthermore, by using the threaded hole of the planetary gear shaft as a detection channel, internal gear shaft detection can be achieved without disassembling the differential housing. This ensures that the detection benchmark is consistent with the actual use benchmark and prevents impurities from entering the assembly. It solves the pain points of existing devices with poor compatibility with housings and limited detection parameters.

[0018] 2. By utilizing the linkage structure of springs, connecting arms, and L-shaped rods, combined with the real-time pressure feedback from pressure sensors and the dynamic adjustment of the controller, the main output shaft is evenly clamped on all four sides. This avoids damage to the shaft due to excessive clamping or displacement due to excessive looseness, while also protecting the tooth surface through the pressure pad buffer. At the same time, the first motor drives the main output shaft to rotate smoothly through the reduction mechanism, simulating the actual meshing conditions and ensuring the accuracy of the data under dynamic detection.

[0019] 3. The entire process is coordinated by the controller, with electric push rods, linear modules, dual motors and other components working together. From workpiece positioning, clamping, driving to detection and data analysis, the whole process is automated without manual intervention. The meshing transmission of the rack and gear enables full gear ring coverage detection at the detection end, reducing blind spots. Compared with traditional manual detection or single-parameter detection equipment, it significantly shortens the detection cycle and improves the efficiency of quality control in mass production scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the differential assembly, threaded holes, and mating grooves of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the differential assembly and the docking groove of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall side cross-section of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention, which is inserted into the differential assembly through a threaded hole.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate and guide rail of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top clamp drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Mounting bracket; 101. Mounting frame; 102. Electric push rod; 103. Mounting plate; 104. Guide rail; 105. Fitting groove; 106. Docking groove; 107. Guide rail block; 2. Top clamp drive mechanism; 201. First motor; 202. Second synchronous pulley; 203. First synchronous pulley; 204. Reducer; 205. First connecting plate; 206. Second connecting plate; 207. Spring; 208. Connecting arm; 209. L-shaped rod; 210. Pressure clamp; 211. Pressure sensor; 212. Pressure pad; 3. Measuring mechanism; 301. Linear module; 302. Laser displacement sensor; 303. Connecting plate; 304. Gear rack; 305. High-precision inductive sensor head; 306. Second motor; 307. Gear; 4. Differential assembly; 401. Threaded hole; 402. Planetary gear. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-7 This embodiment provides a measuring device for grinding differential assembly teeth, including: a mounting frame 1 and a differential assembly body 4. A mounting frame 101 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 1. A guide rail 104 is fixedly installed at one end inside the mounting frame 101. A guide rail block 107 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the guide rail 104. A mounting plate 103 is fixedly installed at one end of the guide rail block 107. A top clamping drive mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting plate 103, and the lower end of the top clamping drive mechanism 2 is perpendicular to the mating groove 105. The mating groove 105 is provided for mating with the lower surface of the housing of the differential assembly body 4. The mating groove 105 is opened on the lower surface inside the mounting frame 101.

[0030] The mounting bracket 1 provides a stable support foundation for the mounting frame 101, enabling the mounting frame 101 to firmly support components such as the guide rail 104, guide rail block 107, mounting plate 103, and top clamp drive mechanism 2, ensuring the stability of the entire device structure assembly. The guide rail 104 and guide rail block 107 cooperate to restrict the movement direction of the mounting plate 103, making the movement of the mounting plate 103 and the top clamp drive mechanism 2 more stable and preventing deviation. The fitting groove 105 is adapted to the lower surface of the housing of the differential assembly 4, enabling quick... The differential assembly 4 is initially positioned to prevent positional deviations during placement, laying the foundation for the subsequent clamping operation of the top clamp drive mechanism 2 on the main output shaft and the detection operation of the measuring mechanism 3. The top clamp drive mechanism 2 is linked with the guide rail component through the mounting plate 103, which can accurately align the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4, providing structural conditions for the subsequent clamping and driving of the main output shaft, and realizing the orderly assembly of the core components of the device and the initial positioning of the differential assembly 4.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment: the upper surface of the mounting plate 103 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod 102. The electric push rod 102 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting frame 1, and the piston rod of the electric push rod 102 slides through the mounting frame 101. By extending and retracting the piston rod of the electric push rod 102, the mounting plate 103 is pushed to drive the top clamping drive mechanism 2 to precisely press against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4, and clamp the main output shaft, thereby pressing the differential assembly 4 into the mating groove 105 and synchronously driving the main output shaft to rotate; both ends of the lower half of the mounting frame 101 are embedded and fixedly installed with measuring mechanisms 3, and the measuring mechanisms 3 measure... The measuring end is slidably disposed in the mating groove 106, which is connected to both ends of the fitting groove 105. When the differential assembly 4 is placed in the fitting groove 105, the shafts of the planetary gears 402 at both ends of the differential assembly 4 are simultaneously located in the mating groove 106 and are horizontally opposite to the measuring end of the measuring mechanism 3. Threaded holes 401 are provided on the shafts of the planetary gears 402 at both ends of the differential assembly 4. The threaded holes 401 allow the measuring mechanism 3, which is horizontally opposite to them, to drive the measuring end through and insert it into the center of the differential assembly 4. After the measurement is completed, bolts can be installed in the threaded holes 401 through threaded engagement to seal the threaded holes 401.

[0032] The electric push rod 102 provides power through the extension and retraction of the piston rod, pushing the mounting plate 103 to move along the mating structure of the guide rail 104 and the guide rail block 107. This, in turn, drives the top clamp drive mechanism 2 to precisely press against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4, simultaneously clamping the main output shaft. On the one hand, this firmly presses the differential assembly 4 into the mating groove 105, preventing displacement of the differential assembly 4 during testing and affecting testing accuracy. On the other hand, it drives the main output shaft to rotate, simulating the meshing conditions during actual differential operation, solving the problem that traditional static testing cannot reflect dynamic accuracy deviations. The measuring mechanism 3 embedded in the mounting frame 101 connects with the differential assembly through the docking groove 106. 4. Alignment – ​​When the differential assembly 4 is placed in the mating groove 105, the shafts of the planetary gears 402 simultaneously enter the mating groove 106 and are horizontally aligned with the measuring end of the measuring mechanism 3, ensuring that the measuring end of the measuring mechanism 3 can be accurately aligned with the subsequent testing channel; the threaded holes 401 on the shafts of the planetary gears 402 at both ends of the differential assembly 4 provide an insertion channel for the measuring end of the measuring mechanism 3, enabling internal gear shaft testing without disassembling the differential housing, ensuring that the testing benchmark is consistent with the actual use benchmark, avoiding assembly deviations caused by housing disassembly from affecting the testing results, and after the measurement is completed, the threaded holes 401 are sealed with bolts to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the differential assembly 4, protecting internal gear shafts and other components from contamination.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment: the top clamping drive mechanism 2 includes a reducer 204, which is fixedly installed on one end of the mounting plate 103. A first connecting plate 205 is fixedly installed on the output shaft on the lower surface of the reducer 204. Connecting arms 208 are rotatably installed on all four ends of the outer surface of the first connecting plate 205. The other end of the connecting arm 208 is rotatably connected to the middle bent part of the L-shaped rod 209. One end of the L-shaped rod 209 is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the second connecting plate 206. A clamping pad 210 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod 209.

[0034] The reducer 204 is fixed on the mounting plate 103 and can adjust the speed and amplify the torque of the input power. It provides suitable power parameters for the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4, avoiding instability of the main output shaft due to improper power parameters. The first connecting plate 205 and the second connecting plate 206 are the core components of the transmission connection. They are linked through the connecting arm 208 on the outer surface. The two ends of the connecting arm 208 are rotatably connected to the first connecting plate 205 and the L-shaped rod 209, respectively. The middle section of the L-shaped rod 209 is connected to the connecting arm 208 and one end is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate 206, forming a linkage transmission structure. The movement of the second connecting plate 206 can drive the L-shaped rod 209 to rotate around the middle section of the bending point. This causes the clamping pad 210 on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod 209 to retract towards the main output shaft, providing structural support for the subsequent uniform clamping of the main output shaft from all four sides. This avoids uneven force on the main output shaft due to unidirectional clamping, which could cause it to shift or be damaged.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment: a spring 207 is fixedly connected between the upper and lower surfaces of the first connecting plate 205 and the second connecting plate 206, and the spring 207 can apply a downward springing force to the second connecting plate 206; when the mounting plate 103 moves downward under the drive of the electric push rod 102, the second connecting plate 206 is precisely pressed against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4 under the action of the springing force of the spring 207; as the electric push rod 102 continues to press down, the second connecting plate 206 is subjected to the force of the main output shaft. As the reaction force moves upward, the second connecting plate 206 moves upward, and the connecting arm 208, which is rotatably connected to its outer surface, drives the L-shaped rod 209 to move synchronously. This causes the L-shaped rod 209 to rotate around the middle bend as a fulcrum, which in turn drives the clamping pad 210 on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod 209 to retract towards the main output shaft, ultimately clamping the main output shaft from all four sides. Through the clamping force of the clamping pad 210 and the top pressure of the second connecting plate 206, the differential assembly 4 is firmly pressed into the mating groove 105.

[0036] The spring 207 between the first connecting plate 205 and the second connecting plate 206 applies a downward thrust, allowing the second connecting plate 206 to precisely press against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4 when it moves downward under the action of the mounting plate 103. This ensures stable pressure during initial contact and prevents deviation in the pressing position. When the electric push rod 102 continues to press down, the second connecting plate 206 moves upward under the reaction force of the main output shaft, and the connecting arm 208 changes angle with the movement of the second connecting plate 206. This causes the L-shaped rod 209 to rotate synchronously, causing the clamping pad 210 at the other end of the L-shaped rod 209 to converge towards the main output shaft from all four sides and form a clamping force. This four-sided clamping structure, combined with the top pressure of the second connecting plate 206, can firmly fix the differential assembly 4 in the mating groove 105. This prevents the differential assembly 4 from shifting during the test due to excessively loose clamping, and also avoids damage to the main output shaft or differential housing due to excessively tight clamping. At the same time, it ensures the coaxiality of the main output shaft during operation and reduces the impact of operating deviations on the test accuracy.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment: each clamping pad 210 has an embedded pressure sensor 211 fixedly installed inside it, and a pressure pad 212 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure detection end of the pressure sensor 211. The pressure pad 212 protrudes from the inner surface of the clamping pad 210 so that when the clamping pad 210 clamps the main output shaft, the pressure pad 212 preferentially presses against the outer surface of the main output shaft. The pressure sensor 211 embedded in the clamping pad 210 can detect the clamping pressure of the clamping pad 210 on the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4 in real time, providing data for subsequent adjustment of the clamping force and avoiding damage to the surface of the main output shaft due to excessive clamping pressure or loosening of the main output shaft due to insufficient pressure. The pressure pad 212 on the outer surface of the detection end of the pressure sensor 211 protrudes from the inner surface of the clamping pad 210. When the clamping pad 210 clamps the main output shaft, the pressure pad 212 preferentially contacts the surface of the main output shaft, which can buffer the direct impact force of the clamping pad 210 on the main output shaft, reduce the hard friction between the clamping pad 210 and the surface of the main output shaft, protect the machining accuracy of the surface of the main output shaft, and avoid interference of the clamping operation with the gear grinding test results.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment: a first synchronous pulley 203 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the output shaft on the upper surface of the reducer 204, a synchronous belt is fitted on the outer surface of the first synchronous pulley 203, the other end of the synchronous belt is fitted on the outer surface of the second synchronous pulley 202, the second synchronous pulley 202 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the output shaft of the first motor 201, and the first motor 201 is fixedly installed on the other end of the mounting plate 103. The first motor 201 is fixed on the mounting plate 103, providing power to the top clamp drive mechanism 2. The second synchronous pulley 202 on its output shaft is connected to the first synchronous pulley 203 on the reducer 204 via a synchronous belt. The synchronous belt drive ensures the smoothness of power transmission, reduces vibration and loss during power transmission, and avoids unstable operation of the main output shaft due to power fluctuations. After the first synchronous pulley 203 transmits power to the reducer 204, the reducer 204 reduces the power and increases the torque, so that the speed and torque output to the main output shaft are adapted to the actual working conditions of the differential, ensuring that the main output shaft can rotate smoothly and at a constant speed. This provides stable operating conditions for the subsequent measuring mechanism 3 to detect the grinding accuracy under dynamic conditions, and avoids abnormal main output shaft speed affecting the accuracy of the detection data.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment: the signal transmitting end of the pressure sensor 211 is connected to the signal receiving end of the controller, and the control output end of the controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod 102 and the electrical control end of the first motor 201. The controller can be installed in the mounting bracket 1. The pressure sensor 211 is model FN6163-2, and the controller is model EC300. The pressure sensor 211 transmits the detected clamping pressure signal to the controller. The controller adjusts the piston rod extension and retraction of the electric push rod 102 in real time according to the pressure signal, thereby controlling the clamping force of the top clamping drive mechanism 2 on the main output shaft, so that the clamping pressure is always kept within a reasonable range, preventing abnormal pressure from causing damage or loosening of the main output shaft. At the same time, the controller can control the start, stop and speed of the first motor 201, adjust the operating state of the main output shaft, realize the automated linkage between clamping operation and main output shaft drive, reduce the operation error caused by manual intervention, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of device operation. The controller is installed in the mounting bracket 1, which can avoid interference from external environmental factors on the control components, ensure the stable operation of the controller, and thus ensure the reliability of the coordinated operation of all components of the entire device.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment: the measuring mechanism 3 includes two sets of linear modules 301, both sets of linear modules 301 are embedded and fixedly installed at both ends of the mounting frame 101 in a relative manner; a connecting plate 303 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving block of both sets of linear modules 301, and a rack 304 is rotatably installed on one end of each set of connecting plates 303, and the rack 304 is located in the docking groove 106; a high-precision inductive sensor 305 and a laser displacement sensor 302 are respectively embedded and fixedly installed on the other end of each set of racks 304; through the pushing of the linear module 301, the rack 304, the high-precision inductive sensor 305 and the laser displacement sensor 302 can be accurately inserted into the threaded hole 401 on the planetary gear 402 shaft. Two sets of linear modules 301 are fixed relative to each other within the mounting frame 101. Their moving blocks drive the connecting plate 303, rack 304, high-precision inductive sensor 305, and laser displacement sensor 302 to move smoothly. This allows for precise control of the movement distance and speed of the detection end, ensuring that the high-precision inductive sensor 305 and laser displacement sensor 302 are accurately inserted into the differential assembly 4 through the threaded holes 401 on the planetary gear shaft. This prevents the detection end from shifting, which could lead to inaccurate alignment with the gear shaft or damage to internal components. The high-precision inductive sensor 305 can detect grinding dimensional accuracy parameters such as tooth pitch deviation and tooth direction error, while the laser displacement sensor 302 can detect appearance accuracy parameters such as tooth profile deviation and tooth surface runout. Together, they achieve comprehensive detection of the core precision parameters of grinding, solving the problem of incomplete detection parameters in traditional single detection components and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of grinding precision detection. The rack 304 provides mounting support for the high-precision inductive sensor 305 and laser displacement sensor 302, ensuring the stability of the detection components during movement and detection.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment: the outer surface of the rack 304 meshes with the gear 307, the gear 307 is fixedly installed on one end of the output shaft of the second motor 306, the second motor 306 is fixedly installed on the lower inner surface of the mounting frame 101, and the second motor 306 simultaneously covers the upper end of the docking groove 106. The second motor 306 is fixed inside the mounting frame 101. Its output shaft drives the gear 307 to rotate. The gear 307 meshes with the rack 304, which drives the rack 304, the high-precision inductive sensor 305, and the laser displacement sensor 302 to rotate synchronously. This enables full gear ring detection of the internal gear shaft of the differential assembly 4, avoiding blind spots caused by the fixed detection end and ensuring that the accuracy of each tooth surface can be detected, thus improving the detection coverage. The second motor 306 covers the upper end of the docking groove 106, preventing dust, debris, and other impurities from falling into the docking groove 106 during the detection process. This avoids impurities affecting the smooth movement of the linear module 301 moving block or wearing down the components of the measuring mechanism 3, while also protecting the internal structure of the docking groove 106 and extending the service life of the device.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment: the signal transmitting ends of the high-precision inductive sensing head 305 and the laser displacement sensor 302 are both connected to the signal receiving end of the controller, and the linear module 301 and the second motor 306 are both controlled by the controller; the high-precision inductive sensing head 305 is model TP200, and the laser displacement sensor 302 is model IL-300. The high-precision inductive sensor 305 and laser displacement sensor 302 transmit the detected grinding precision signal to the controller. The controller integrates and analyzes the detection data, allowing operators to obtain intuitive detection results. The controller simultaneously controls the pushing action of the linear module 301 and the rotation of the second motor 306, realizing automated control of actions such as insertion of the detection end and full gear ring detection, reducing manual operation steps, improving detection efficiency, and avoiding the impact of human operation errors on detection results. The linear module 301 and the second motor 306 are controlled by the same controller, which can ensure the coordination of their actions. For example, after the linear module 301 pushes the detection end to the designated position, the second motor 306 promptly drives the detection end to rotate for detection, ensuring that the detection process proceeds in an orderly manner and further improving the stability and accuracy of the detection process.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment: the controller is configured to calculate the dynamic comprehensive error index. The formula for evaluating gear grinding accuracy is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] Among them, e k The comprehensive error of the k-th tooth is calculated using the following formula:

[0046] ;

[0047] Parameter description:

[0048] : Measured value of the pitch deviation of the kth tooth (unit: mm);

[0049] : Measured value of the tooth orientation error of the kth tooth (unit: mm);

[0050] : Measured value of tooth profile deviation of the kth tooth (unit: mm);

[0051] Weighting coefficient, preset according to the gear shaft design parameters, dimensionless;

[0052] γ: Dynamic influence coefficient, calibrated experimentally, dimensionless;

[0053] n: Rotational speed of the main output shaft during detection (unit: rpm);

[0054] Rated speed of the differential assembly (unit: rpm).

[0055] The derivation of the equation:

[0056] The derivation of this equation is based on gear dynamics and error propagation theory. Under static conditions, tooth surface errors (such as pitch deviation, tooth direction error, and tooth profile deviation) directly affect meshing accuracy. Under dynamic conditions, the influence of errors is amplified due to factors such as centrifugal force, vibration, and thermal deformation. Therefore, the static comprehensive error... First, the contributions of multiple error classes are aggregated using Euclidean norm calculations. Then, a dynamic compensation term is introduced. γ represents the sensitivity of the error to changes in rotational speed, determined through fitting experimental data. This equation avoids the general linear model and employs nonlinear dynamic compensation, which better reflects actual working conditions.

[0057] Example: Suppose a tooth pitch deviation is detected. =0.01mm, tooth direction error =0.005mm, tooth profile deviation =0.002mm, weighting coefficient =1、 =1、 =1, then:

[0058] mm.

[0059] If the dynamic influence coefficient γ = 0.1, the detection speed n = 1000 rpm, and the rated speed n0 = 2000 rpm, then:

[0060] mm.

[0061] E d Compared with a preset threshold (e.g., 0.015 mm), if E d If the thickness is ≤0.015mm, the tooth grinding is considered qualified.

[0062] Parameter description:

[0063] : Measured using a high-precision inductive sensor and a laser displacement sensor, reflecting the geometric accuracy of the tooth surface;

[0064] The differential assembly is set according to its design requirements and gear shaft load distribution, and is usually optimized experimentally.

[0065] γ: Calibrated by measuring the rate of change of error at different speeds, with a typical range of 0.05 to 0.2;

[0066] n: The actual rotational speed of the main output shaft driven by the first motor, which is read by an encoder or controller;

[0067] n0: Rated operating speed set based on the application scenario of the differential assembly.

[0068] Technical effects:

[0069] 1. Comprehensiveness: The equation integrates multiple types of gear grinding error parameters (tooth pitch, tooth direction, tooth profile), covering both static and dynamic working conditions, thus improving the comprehensiveness of the inspection.

[0070] 2. Dynamic accuracy compensation: By simulating actual meshing conditions through speed compensation factors, dynamic errors are avoided and the accuracy of quality judgment is improved.

[0071] 3. Automated integration: The equations are automatically calculated by the controller and work in conjunction with the measuring and driving mechanisms to achieve intelligent evaluation throughout the entire process.

[0072] 4. Improved efficiency: Reduces manual analysis steps, speeds up testing cycles, and is suitable for mass production scenarios.

[0073] Working principle and process:

[0074] 1. Data Acquisition: The high-precision inductive head and laser displacement sensor of the measuring mechanism collect data from each tooth during the operation of the differential assembly. .

[0075] 2. Error Calculation: The controller calculates the static comprehensive error for each tooth. .

[0076] 3. Dynamic compensation: The controller reads the current speed n, and calculates the dynamic compensation by combining it with the preset n0 and γ. .

[0077] 4. Quality Judgment: The output determines whether the gear grinding is qualified or not, based on a comparison with the allowable error threshold.

[0078] 5. Feedback control: When necessary, the controller adjusts the speed of the first motor or the clamping pressure to optimize the detection conditions.

[0079] In summary, the measuring device for gear grinding of this differential assembly has the following technical advantages:

[0080] 1. Resolves the issue of poor compatibility with shells, ensuring testing standards and sealing protection:

[0081] The threaded holes 401 on the planetary gear 402 shafts at both ends of the differential assembly 4 serve as the detection channels. The rack 304 of the measuring mechanism 3, the high-precision inductive sensor 305, and the laser displacement sensor 302 can be inserted into the assembly through the threaded holes 401. The gear grinding accuracy can be detected without disassembling the housing, ensuring that the detection benchmark is consistent with the actual use benchmark. After the measurement is completed, the threaded holes 401 are sealed with bolts to prevent impurities from entering the differential assembly 4 and to protect the internal gear shaft from contamination. This is suitable for detection and sealing protection requirements with housings.

[0082] 2. Covers multiple core parameters of gear grinding, improving the comprehensiveness of testing:

[0083] The measuring mechanism 3 adopts a dual-mode combination of a high-precision inductive sensor 305 and a laser displacement sensor 302. The high-precision inductive sensor 305 can detect dimensional accuracy parameters such as tooth pitch deviation and tooth direction error, while the laser displacement sensor 302 can detect appearance accuracy parameters such as tooth profile deviation and tooth surface runout. Compared with traditional single-parameter detection devices, it comprehensively covers the core precision indicators of gear grinding, avoids missing key precision problems, and improves the accuracy of gear grinding quality judgment.

[0084] 3. Achieve dynamic working condition simulation and precise clamping to ensure testing stability:

[0085] The top clamp drive mechanism 2 drives the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4 through components such as the first motor 201, the first synchronous pulley 203, and the reducer 204, simulating the actual meshing condition of the differential and solving the problem that static detection cannot reflect dynamic accuracy deviation. At the same time, the spring 207 of the top clamp drive mechanism 2 provides initial top pressure, which, together with the upward movement of the second connecting plate 206, drives the connecting arm 208 and the L-shaped rod 209 to move together, so that the clamping pad 210 clamps the main output shaft from four sides. The pressure sensor 211 inside the clamping pad 210 detects the clamping pressure in real time, avoiding damage to the gear shaft due to excessive clamping or displacement due to excessive looseness, and ensuring the stability of the assembly and the coaxiality of the gear shaft during the detection process.

[0086] 4. Fully automated workflow improves testing efficiency and ease of operation:

[0087] The controller receives signals from the pressure sensor 211, the high-precision inductive sensor 305, and the laser displacement sensor 302, and synchronously controls the electric push rod 102, the first motor 201, the linear module 301, and the second motor 306 to achieve full automation from clamping of the differential assembly 4, driving of the main output shaft to gear grinding detection, reducing operational errors caused by manual intervention; the linear module 301 of the measuring mechanism 3 pushes the detection end for precise alignment, and the second motor 306 drives the rack 304 to rotate through the gear 307 to achieve full gear ring detection, avoiding detection blind spots and further improving detection efficiency and data integrity.

[0088] Working principle:

[0089] 1. Mechanical transmission link:

[0090] 1.1 Clamping and Drive Transmission: The piston rod of the electric push rod 102 extends and retracts, pushing the mounting plate 103 to move along the guide rail 104 and guide rail block 107, causing the top clamping drive mechanism 2 to move downward; the second connecting plate 206 of the top clamping drive mechanism 2 presses against the main output shaft under the spring force of the spring 207. As the electric push rod 102 continues to press down, the second connecting plate 206 moves upward under the reaction force, and drives the L-shaped rod 209 to rotate around the middle bend as the fulcrum through the connecting arm 208, so that the clamping pad 210 clamps the main output shaft on all four sides; the first motor 201 drives the reducer 204 to run through the second synchronous pulley 202, the synchronous belt, and the first synchronous pulley 203. The output shaft of the reducer 204 drives the first connecting plate 205, the second connecting plate 206, and the main output shaft to rotate, simulating dynamic working conditions.

[0091] 1.2 Detection Transmission: The moving block of the linear module 301 drives the connecting plate 303 and the rack 304 to move, so that the high-precision inductive sensor 305 and the laser displacement sensor 302 are inserted into the differential body 4 through the threaded hole 401; the output shaft of the second motor 306 drives the gear 307 to rotate, the gear 307 meshes with the rack 304, driving the rack 304 and the dual sensors to rotate, realizing full gear ring detection.

[0092] 2. Signal control link:

[0093] 2.1 Pressure Feedback Control: The pressure sensor 211 inside the clamping pad 210 detects the clamping pressure and transmits the signal to the controller; the controller adjusts the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 102 according to the pressure signal to control the clamping force and avoid abnormal pressure.

[0094] 2.2 Detection and Execution Control: The high-precision inductive sensor 305 and the laser displacement sensor 302 transmit the detection signals to the controller. After integrating the data, the controller controls the first motor 201 to adjust the main output shaft speed, controls the linear module 301 to adjust the detection end position, and controls the second motor 306 to adjust the rotation speed of the rack 304, ensuring that the detection action and the main output shaft operation are coordinated.

[0095] 3. Detection Link:

[0096] After the differential assembly 4 is placed in the mating groove 105, the planetary gear 402 shaft enters the mating groove 106, and the threaded hole 401 is aligned with the measuring mechanism 3. The dual sensors of the measuring mechanism 3 extend into the assembly through the threaded hole 401. The high-precision inductive sensor 305 contacts the tooth surface to collect dimensional accuracy data, and the laser displacement sensor 302 non-contactly detects appearance accuracy data. The dual sensor signals are transmitted to the controller in real time. The controller analyzes and processes the data to generate a gear grinding accuracy judgment result.

[0097] How to use:

[0098] 1. Preliminary preparation and workpiece positioning: Place the differential assembly 4 in the mating groove 105 within the mounting frame 101, ensuring that the lower surface of the differential assembly 4's housing is fully engaged with the mating groove 105. Simultaneously, ensure that the shafts of the planetary gears 402 at both ends of the differential assembly 4 enter the mating groove 106, and that the threaded holes 401 on the planetary gear 402 shafts are horizontally aligned with the measuring mechanisms 3 at both ends of the mounting frame 101, thus completing the preliminary workpiece positioning.

[0099] 2. Top Clamp Fixing Operation: The controller is activated, causing the electric push rod 102 to extend. The piston rod of the electric push rod 102 extends, pushing the mounting plate 103 downwards along the guide rail 104 and guide rail block 107, thus moving the top clamp drive mechanism 2 downwards. Under the spring force of the spring 207, the second connecting plate 206 of the top clamp drive mechanism 2 presses against the main output shaft of the differential assembly 4. As the electric push rod 102 continues to press down, the second connecting plate 206 moves upwards due to the reaction force of the main output shaft. Through the connecting arm 208, it drives the L-shaped rod 209 to rotate, causing the clamping pad 210 to clamp the main output shaft from all four sides. The pressure sensor 211 detects the clamping pressure in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller adjusts the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 102 until the clamping pressure is within a reasonable range, thus completing the secure fixing of the differential assembly 4.

[0100] 3. Dynamic Drive and Gear Grinding Detection: The controller starts the first motor 201, which drives the reducer 204 through the second synchronous pulley 202, synchronous belt, and first synchronous pulley 203. The reducer 204 drives the main output shaft to rotate smoothly, simulating the actual meshing condition of the differential. At the same time, the controller starts two sets of linear modules 301. The moving block of the linear module 301 drives the connecting plate 303 and the rack 304 to move, so that the high-precision inductive sensor 305 and laser displacement sensor 302 at the end of the rack 304 are inserted into the differential body 4 through the threaded hole 401. The controller then starts the second motor 306, which drives the gear 307 to rotate. The gear 307 meshes with the rack 304, driving the rack 304 and the dual sensors to rotate, performing full gear grinding accuracy detection on the gear shaft. The dual sensors transmit the detection signals to the controller in real time, and the controller integrates and analyzes the data.

[0101] 4. Post-inspection processing: After the inspection is completed, the controller stops the first motor 201 and the second motor 306, controls the linear module 301 to drive the rack 304 and the dual sensors to exit from the threaded hole 401, controls the piston rod of the electric push rod 102 to retract, drives the top clamp drive mechanism 2 to move upward, and releases the clamp on the main output shaft; the operator takes out the differential assembly 4, installs the bolt threaded into the threaded hole 401, seals the threaded hole 401 to prevent impurities from entering, and completes the entire inspection process.

[0102] All parts not described in this invention are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A measuring device for grinding gears in a differential assembly, characterized in that, include: The mounting bracket (1) and differential assembly (4) are provided. A mounting frame (101) is fixedly mounted inside the mounting bracket (1). A guide rail (104) is fixedly mounted at one end of the mounting frame (101). A guide rail block (107) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the guide rail (104). A mounting plate (103) is fixedly mounted at one end of the guide rail block (107). A top clamp drive mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted at one end of the mounting plate (103). The lower end of the moving mechanism (2) is perpendicular to the mating groove (105); the mating groove (105) is provided for the lower surface of the housing of the differential assembly (4); the mating groove (105) is opened on the lower surface of the mounting frame (101); the measuring mechanism (3) is embedded and fixedly installed at both ends of the lower half of the mounting frame (101); threaded holes (401) are opened through the shafts of the planetary gears (402) at both ends of the differential assembly (4). The top clamping drive mechanism (2) includes a reducer (204), which is fixedly installed on one end of the mounting plate (103). A first connecting plate (205) is fixedly installed on the output shaft on the lower surface of the reducer (204). Connecting arms (208) are rotatably installed on all four ends of the outer surface of the first connecting plate (205). The other end of the connecting arm (208) is rotatably connected to the middle bent part of the L-shaped rod (209). One end of the L-shaped rod (209) is rotatably installed on the outer surface of the second connecting plate (206). A clamping pad (210) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod (209). A spring (207) is fixedly connected between the upper and lower surfaces of the first connecting plate (205) and the second connecting plate (206). The spring (207) can apply a downward spring force to the second connecting plate (206). When the mounting plate (103) moves downward under the drive of the electric push rod (102), the second connecting plate (206) is precisely pressed against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly (4) under the action of the spring force of the spring (207). As the electric push rod (102) continues to press down, the second connecting plate (206) is subjected to the reaction force of the main output shaft. As the second connecting plate (206) moves upward, the connecting arm (208) connected to its outer surface drives the L-shaped rod (209) to move synchronously, causing the L-shaped rod (209) to rotate around the middle bend as the fulcrum, thereby driving the pressure pad (210) on the inner side of the other end of the L-shaped rod (209) to retract towards the main output shaft, and finally clamp the main output shaft from all four sides; through the clamping force of the pressure pad (210) and the top pressure of the second connecting plate (206), the differential assembly (4) is firmly pressed into the mating groove (105); The measuring mechanism (3) includes two sets of linear modules (301). Both sets of linear modules (301) are embedded and fixedly installed at both ends of the mounting frame (101) in a relative manner. A connecting plate (303) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving block of both sets of linear modules (301). A rack (304) is rotatably installed on one end of each set of connecting plates (303), and the rack (304) is located in the docking groove (106). A high-precision inductive sensor (305) and a laser displacement sensor (302) are respectively embedded and fixedly installed on the other end of each set of racks (304). Through the pushing of the linear module (301), the rack (304), the high-precision inductive sensor (305) and the laser displacement sensor (302) can be accurately inserted into the threaded hole (401) on the planetary gear (402) shaft. The outer surface of the rack (304) meshes with the gear (307), the gear (307) is fixedly installed on one end of the output shaft of the second motor (306), the second motor (306) is fixedly installed on the lower inner surface of the mounting frame (101), and the second motor (306) simultaneously covers the upper end of the docking groove (106).

2. The measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the mounting plate (103) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod (102). The electric push rod (102) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting bracket (1), and the piston rod of the electric push rod (102) slides through the mounting frame (101). By extending and retracting the piston rod of the electric push rod (102), the mounting plate (103) is pushed to drive the top clamp drive mechanism (2) to precisely press against the upper surface of the main output shaft of the differential assembly (4), and clamp the main output shaft, thereby pressing the differential assembly (4) into the mating groove (105) and synchronously driving the main output shaft to rotate; the measuring end of the measuring mechanism (3) The differential assembly (4) is slidably disposed in the docking groove (106), which is connected to both ends of the fitting groove (105). When the differential assembly (4) is placed in the fitting groove (105), the shafts of the planetary gears (402) at both ends of the differential assembly (4) are synchronously located in the docking groove (106) and are horizontally opposite to the measuring end of the measuring mechanism (3). The threaded hole (401) allows the measuring mechanism (3) which is horizontally opposite to it to drive the detection end through and insert it into the center of the differential assembly (4). After the measurement is completed, the bolt can be installed in the threaded hole (401) through threaded engagement to seal the threaded hole (401).

3. The measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each clamping pad (210) has an embedded pressure sensor (211) fixedly installed inside it. The pressure sensor (211) has a pressure pad (212) fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure detection end. The pressure pad (212) protrudes from the inner surface of the clamping pad (210) so that when the clamping pad (210) clamps the main output shaft, the pressure pad (212) preferentially presses against the outer surface of the main output shaft.

4. The measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first synchronous pulley (203) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the output shaft on the upper surface of the reducer (204). A synchronous belt is fitted on the outer surface of the first synchronous pulley (203). The other end of the synchronous belt is fitted on the outer surface of the second synchronous pulley (202). The second synchronous pulley (202) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the output shaft of the first motor (201). The first motor (201) is fixedly installed on the other end of the mounting plate (103).

5. The measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal transmitting end of the pressure sensor (211) is connected to the signal receiving end of the controller. The control output end of the controller is electrically connected to the electric push rod (102) and the electric control end of the first motor (201). The controller can be installed in the mounting bracket (1).

6. The measuring device for differential assembly gear grinding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal transmitting ends of the high-precision inductive sensor (305) and the laser displacement sensor (302) are both connected to the signal receiving end of the controller, and the linear module (301) and the second motor (306) are both controlled by the controller.

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