Optical imaging-based automatic detection system and method for surface defects of fixing film

Abstract

The application relates to an automatic fixing film surface defect detection system and method based on optical imaging, and relates to the technical field of fixing film surface defect detection. The system comprises conveying equipment, lifting equipment, detection equipment and material distribution equipment. The conveying equipment comprises a conveying belt, which is used for conveying fixing films to be detected to the lifting equipment. The lifting equipment is used for lifting the fixing films to be detected to the working areas corresponding to the detection equipment. The detection equipment comprises a positioning mechanism and a vision mechanism. The positioning mechanism is used for positioning the fixing films entering the working areas, and the vision mechanism is used for detecting defects of the positioned fixing films. The material distribution equipment is used for distributing the fixing films to preset areas corresponding to the defect detection results of the fixing films according to the defect detection results. The application realizes the full-process automation from feeding, conveying, positioning, detection to sorting, and realizes strict quality isolation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fixing film surface defect detection, and in particular to a fixing film surface defect automatic detection system and method based on optical imaging. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fixing film is a core consumable part in laser printers, copiers and other office equipment, which functions to permanently fix carbon powder on paper under high temperature and high pressure. The fixing film is usually a cylindrical high polymer film, and the surface quality thereof directly determines the imaging effect of the printed product. During production, various defects such as scratches, pits, stains, bubbles and uneven coating may occur on the surface of the fixing film. Therefore, strict quality detection must be performed before leaving the factory.

[0003] At present, the detection of the fixing film mainly relies on manual visual inspection, and users can judge whether defects exist on the surface of the fixing film by observation and touch. This manual detection method has many drawbacks: first, the detection efficiency is low, the labor intensity is large, and it is difficult to adapt to large-scale production rhythm; second, the human eye is prone to fatigue, and long-time work will lead to decreased attention and judgment, which is easy to cause missed detection and false detection, and the consistency of product quality is difficult to guarantee; third, frequent manual contact may introduce new pollution or scratches, causing secondary damage to the product.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for an automatic defect detection system for fixing films. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to realize automatic defect detection of the fixing film, the present application provides a fixing film surface defect automatic detection system and method based on optical imaging.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fixing film surface defect automatic detection system based on optical imaging, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fixing film surface defect automatic detection system based on optical imaging, comprising a conveying device, a lifting device, a detection device and a material distribution device;

[0008] The conveying device comprises a conveying belt, which is used to convey the fixing film to be detected to the lifting device;

[0009] The lifting device is used to lift the fixing film to be detected to the working area corresponding to the detection device;

[0010] The detection device comprises a positioning mechanism and a vision mechanism, the positioning mechanism is used to position the fixing film entering the working area, and the vision mechanism is used to detect defects of the positioned fixing film;

[0011] The material distribution device is used to distribute the fixing film to a preset area corresponding to the defect detection result based on the defect detection result of the fixing film.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution and connecting conveying, lifting, testing, and sorting equipment, the entire process from feeding, conveying, positioning, testing to sorting is automated, completely replacing inefficient and tiring manual inspection and greatly improving production efficiency. It can sort the fixing film to different preset areas based on defect detection results, achieving strict quality isolation and reducing the flow of defective products into subsequent stages.

[0013] Optionally, the lifting device includes a material lifting mechanism, a material translation mechanism, a connecting plate, and two parallel lifting side plates. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the two lifting side plates respectively. Each lifting side plate includes a first support groove, a second support groove, and a third support groove, which are distributed sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The material translation mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the material lifting mechanism, and the translation end of the material translation mechanism is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0014] The detection equipment also includes a dust removal mechanism, the positioning mechanism includes a dust removal positioning component and a vision positioning component, and the working area includes a material preparation area, a dust removal area and a defect detection area.

[0015] When the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt, the material lifting mechanism is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates to rise, so that the first support groove is raised to the material preparation area, the second support groove is raised to the dust removal area, and the third support groove is raised to the defect detection area.

[0016] The dust removal positioning component and the vision positioning component are controlled to release their positioning respectively, so that the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component falls into the second support groove, and the fixing film positioned by the vision positioning component falls into the third support groove; the material translation mechanism is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates to translate along the first direction, so that the first support groove reaches the dust removal area, and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area; the dust removal positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the first support groove, and the vision positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the second support groove;

[0017] The material lifting mechanism is controlled to lower the two lifting side plates so that the fixing film in the third support groove is transferred to the material distribution device. The material translation mechanism is also controlled to move the two lifting side plates along the second direction so that the lifting side plates return to the initial position. The first direction and the second direction are opposite, and the initial position is the position where the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, four actions—feeding, dust removal station feeding, inspection station feeding, and unloading—are completed simultaneously, minimizing auxiliary time and significantly improving inspection efficiency.

[0019] Optionally, the dust removal mechanism includes a first lifting component, a dust removal support, a rubber roller, and a bladeless rubber tube. The bladeless rubber tube abuts against the rubber roller, and the rubber roller abuts against the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component. The rubber roller and the bladeless rubber tube are respectively installed on the dust removal support. The telescopic end of the first lifting component is fixedly connected to the dust removal support. The first lifting component is used to drive the dust removal support and adjust the distance between the rubber roller and the fixing film.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solutions, non-contact, scratch-free, and highly efficient cleaning of the fixing film surface is achieved, reducing secondary scratches that may be caused by traditional brushes. The introduction of a bladeless rubber roller enables real-time self-cleaning of the roller during operation, ensuring the continuity and stability of dust removal effects, reducing the possibility of decreased dust removal efficiency due to dust saturation on the roller surface, and meeting the needs of continuous operation in automated production lines.

[0021] Optionally, the dust removal positioning component includes two first positioning blocks, each first positioning block is connected to a first base, and each first base is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat; the vision positioning component includes two second positioning blocks, each second positioning block is connected to a second base, and each second base is connected to a second bearing seat.

[0022] The positioning mechanism includes a first drive assembly, a first synchronous belt, two centering plates, and two pressure plates. The first bearing seat and the second bearing seat on the same side are respectively fixedly mounted on the same centering plate. The same slide rail is slidably connected to the same side ends of the two centering plates along their length. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the different side ends of the two centering plates along their length. The two pressure plates are respectively fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt. The first synchronous belt is connected to the first drive assembly, and the first drive assembly is used to drive the first synchronous belt to move.

[0023] When the first support groove reaches the dust removal area and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt is controlled to move along a preset third direction, driving the two centering plates to move towards each other, so that the two first positioning blocks fix the two ends of the fixing film in the first support groove and the two second positioning blocks fix the two ends of the fixing film in the second support groove.

[0024] When the first support groove rises to the material preparation area, the second support groove rises to the dust removal area, and the third support groove rises to the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt is controlled to move along a preset fourth direction, causing the two centering plates to move away from each other, so that the two first positioning blocks and the two second positioning blocks do not contact the two ends of their respective fixing films; the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution and using the first driving component in conjunction with the first synchronous belt, it is ensured that the positioning blocks on both sides of the fixing film always move synchronously and symmetrically, which fundamentally avoids the problem of the fixing film being pushed off-center, squeezed and deformed or mispositioned due to asynchrony, thus providing a guarantee for high-precision detection.

[0026] Optionally, each of the first bases is fixedly connected to a first gear on the side away from its corresponding first positioning block, and each of the second bases is fixedly connected to a second gear on the side away from its corresponding second positioning block; the first gear and the second gear on the same side respectively mesh with a second synchronous belt, and the two second synchronous belts rotate synchronously.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixing film at the dust removal station and the vision inspection station is ensured to rotate in perfect synchronization. This avoids the problem of needing to set up a complex independent control system due to the asynchronous rotation speeds of the two stations, simplifies the structure, reduces costs, and ensures the consistency of the rhythm of the two process steps.

[0028] Optionally, the first positioning block is the same as the second positioning block. Each first positioning block or second positioning block includes an integrally formed conical part, a cylindrical part, and a connecting part. The conical part is used to insert into the fixing film. The end of the conical part near the cylindrical part abuts against the inner wall of the end of the fixing film. The cylindrical part is used to limit the axial movement of the fixing film. The connecting part is used to magnetically fix with the corresponding first base or second base. The conical part has a through hole at its center, which communicates with the side surface of the cylindrical part and the connecting part, respectively.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, precise constraint of the fixing film is achieved while minimizing the contact area and clamping stress on the fixing film surface, effectively preventing scratches or deformation at the ends of the fixing film. The magnetic fixing connection method makes the replacement of the positioning block extremely simple and quick, suitable for flexible production needs across multiple product varieties. The through-hole design not only solves the airtightness problem but also provides additional benefits such as assisted observation and lightweight design, reflecting a deep consideration for user experience and performance optimization in the details.

[0030] Optionally, the material distribution equipment includes a material feeding centering frame, a slide rail, a material distribution turntable, and a receiving plate. The material feeding centering frame includes two centering frames and a second drive assembly for adjusting the distance between the two centering frames. The slide rail includes two first guide plates and two second guide plates. Each of the centering frames has a first guide plate and a second guide plate fixedly connected to its inner surface that is close to each other.

[0031] For each of the centering frames, the first guide plate is located above the second guide plate, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged in parallel. The first guide plate includes two guide sub-plates, and a material distribution plate is provided in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates. The material distribution plate is connected to a third drive assembly for driving its rotation. The third drive assembly is used to control the material distribution plate to rotate to a preset first position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The material distribution plate is used to convey the fixing film in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates, or to block the fixing film conveyed in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates.

[0032] The receiving plate is connected to a second lifting assembly. The second lifting assembly is used to move the receiving plate to a preset second position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The receiving plate is used to receive the fixing film falling from the unconnected area between the two guide plates and convey it to the two second guide plates.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the fixing film is transported using its own gravity. Automatic separation of qualified and unqualified products can be achieved through simple actions of the sorting plate and receiving plate, resulting in low energy consumption and high reliability. The width adjustment function of the feeding and centering frame allows the entire sorting equipment to quickly adapt to fixing films of different specifications, enhancing the equipment's versatility.

[0034] Optionally, the vision mechanism includes a camera frame, a frame side plate, a line scan camera, a light source, and a third lifting assembly. The camera frame is fixedly installed on the bearing surface corresponding to the detection system, the third lifting assembly is fixedly installed on the camera frame, the frame side plate is fixedly installed on the third lifting assembly, and the line scan camera and the light source are respectively hinged to the frame side plate.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the independent floor mounting of the camera frame decouples it from the vibration source of the device body, providing an extremely stable environment for image acquisition and avoiding image blurring caused by vibration.

[0036] Secondly, this application provides an automatic detection method for surface defects of fixing films based on optical imaging, employing the following technical solution:

[0037] An automatic detection method for surface defects of fixing films based on optical imaging, comprising:

[0038] Based on the model parameters of the fixing film to be tested, the conveying operation parameters of the conveying equipment are obtained so that the conveying equipment can convey multiple fixing films to be tested based on the conveying operation parameters. The conveying equipment includes a conveyor belt and two conveying side baffles. The conveying operation parameters include the conveying speed and the distance between the two conveying side baffles.

[0039] If the fixing film is conveyed to the lifting device by the conveying device, the conveying device is controlled to pause conveying, and the lifting device is controlled to lift the fixing film one by one to the working area corresponding to the detection device; the detection device includes a positioning mechanism and a vision mechanism;

[0040] The positioning mechanism is controlled to position the fixing film entering the working area, and the vision mechanism is controlled to perform defect detection on the positioned fixing film to obtain the defect detection results of the fixing film.

[0041] Based on the defect detection results, the control dispensing equipment distributes the fixing film to the corresponding preset area.

[0042] Optionally, the dispensing device includes a slide for transporting the fixing film and two centering frames. The step of controlling the dispensing device to allocate the fixing film to the corresponding preset area based on the defect detection result includes:

[0043] Based on the model parameters and the preset static width of the slide, calculate the basic displacement of each of the two centering frames. The model parameters include at least the diameter.

[0044] Real-time acquisition of the motion speed of the fixing film as it slides down the slide and its attitude angle relative to the center line of the slide;

[0045] Obtain a first comparison result between the motion speed and a preset first speed threshold, and obtain a second comparison result between the attitude angle and a preset angle threshold;

[0046] Based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, the control rhythm and action mode are dynamically determined, and a dynamic correction amount is added to the basic displacement amount to obtain the correction displacement amount;

[0047] Based on the control rhythm, action mode, and correction displacement, control commands are generated to drive the centering frame.

[0048] Based on the control command, the centering frame is driven to perform controlled reciprocating motion, so as to simultaneously correct the downward posture of the fixing film and control the movement speed through the intermittent contact intervention of the centering frame with the fixing film. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic detection system for surface defects of fixing film based on optical imaging, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a vision mechanism according to one embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating a lifting device according to one embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a positioning mechanism according to one embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a positioning block according to one embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a material dispensing device according to one embodiment of this application.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating an automatic detection method for surface defects of a fixing film based on optical imaging, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0056] In the diagram, 1. Conveying equipment; 11. Conveyor belt; 12. Conveying side baffle; 13. Transition plate; 2. Lifting equipment; 21. Material lifting mechanism; 22. Material translation mechanism; 23. Connecting plate; 24. Lifting side plate; 3. Detection equipment; 31. Positioning mechanism; 311. First positioning block; 312. Second positioning block; 313. First synchronous belt; 314. Centering plate; 315. Pressing plate; 316. Bearing limit seat; 32. Vision mechanism; 321. Camera frame; 322. Frame side plate; 323. Linear scan camera; 324. Light source; 33. Dust removal mechanism; 331. Dust removal support; 332. Rubber roller; 333. Knife-free rubber tube; 34. First gear; 35. Second gear; 36. Second synchronous belt; 4. Material distribution equipment; 41. Material feeding centering frame; 42. Slide rail; 421. Guide plate; 422. Second guide plate; 43. Material distribution turntable; 44. Receiving plate; 5. First bracket; 6. Second bracket; 61. Material distribution baffle; 62. Slide rail; 63. Hexagonal shaft; 7. Conical part; 71. Through hole; 8. Columnar part; 9. Connecting part. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0058] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides an automatic detection system for surface defects of fixing film based on optical imaging, including a conveying device 1, a lifting device 2, a detection device 3, and a material distribution device 4.

[0060] The conveying device 1 includes a conveyor belt 11 and two conveyor side baffles 12. The conveyor belt 11 is used to convey the fixing film to be inspected to the lifting device 2. Each conveyor side baffle 12 is fixed to the side of its corresponding conveyor belt 11 along its length, and the conveyor side baffle 12 abuts against the end of the fixing film along its length. The lifting device 2 is used to lift the fixing film to be inspected to the working area corresponding to the inspection device 3. The inspection device 3 includes a positioning mechanism 31 and a vision mechanism 32. The positioning mechanism 31 is used to position the fixing film entering the working area, and the vision mechanism 32 is used to perform defect detection on the positioned fixing film. The dispensing device 4 is used to allocate the fixing film to a preset area corresponding to the defect detection result based on the defect detection result of the fixing film.

[0061] In this embodiment, the automatic detection system for surface defects of fixing film based on optical imaging further includes a first support 5 and a second support 6, which are fixedly installed on a bearing surface such as the ground. The conveying device 1 is installed on the first support 5, and the lifting device 2, the positioning mechanism 31, and the material distribution device 4 can be installed on the second support 6 respectively.

[0062] A bidirectional lead screw module is installed on the first support 5. The bidirectional lead screw module can be driven by a servo motor or manually. Each conveyor belt 11 corresponds to a conveyor side baffle 12, and the conveyor side baffle 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the conveyor belt 11 in the direction of the fixing film transmission. The two conveyor side baffles 12 can be made of nylon. Through the bidirectional lead screw module, the two conveyor belts 11 can be driven to move towards or away from each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the two conveyor belts 11, and further adjusting the distance between the two conveyor side baffles 12, so that the conveyor side baffles 12 can respectively abut against the ends of fixing films of different lengths in the length direction.

[0063] As an optional implementation of this embodiment, the model parameters of the fixing film can be collected by the user manually inputting or by recognizing the QR code corresponding to the fixing film. Based on the model parameters, the required distance between the two conveyor belts 11 can be automatically matched, and the bidirectional screw module can be controlled to rotate according to the distance.

[0064] The bidirectional lead screw module allows for rapid adjustment of the distance between the two conveyor belts 11 and the conveyor side baffles 12, thus adapting to fixing films of different lengths and sizes. This enables the processing of various fixing film product models, improving equipment utilization and production flexibility. The conveyor side baffles 12, fixed to the side of the conveyor belts 11, ensure that the fixing film does not shift axially during transmission, guaranteeing the stability of the material's posture.

[0065] The end of the conveying device 1 in the direction of conveying the fixing film is located in the space formed by the second support 6. The conveying device 1 also includes two transition plates 13 disposed at the end of the conveying process. The two transition plates 13 are used to further convey the fixing film conveyed by the conveyor belt 11 to the lifting device 2. The transition plates 13 can be plates made of nylon.

[0066] The second support 6 can also be equipped with sensors such as infrared sensors to detect whether the fixing film has been transferred to the lifting device 2. When the fixing film is detected to have been transferred from the conveying device 1 to the lifting device 2, the lifting device 2 is activated, lifting the fixing film to be inspected to the working area where defect detection can be performed. The detection device 3 includes a positioning mechanism 31 and a vision mechanism 32. After the positioning mechanism 31 positions the fixing film entering the working area, the lifting device 2 returns to its initial position, which is the position for receiving the fixing film from the conveyor belt 11. The vision mechanism 32 is then controlled to perform defect detection on the positioned fixing film. It is easy to understand that the defect types of the fixing film can include shape defects such as scratches.

[0067] In this embodiment, the vision mechanism 32 can detect the positioned fixing film using a deep learning-based defect detection algorithm. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0068] A pre-trained convolutional neural network model is used as the detection core. This model is trained on a large number of sample images of fixing film surfaces containing various known defect types, enabling end-to-end pixel-level defect segmentation and classification. Specifically, the convolutional neural network is an encoder-decoder structure (such as U-Net or its variants). The encoder part is used to extract deep features of the image, and the decoder part upsamples and reconstructs these features to accurately output a segmentation map of the same size as the input image, which indicates the type of each pixel (such as background, scratch, stain, etc.).

[0069] The vision mechanism 32 can also integrate a transfer learning mechanism. When it is necessary to detect a new type of fixing film, a small number of new samples can be used to fine-tune the pre-trained model, thereby quickly adapting to the new detection task and significantly improving the system's generalization ability and adaptability.

[0070] After completing the loading process, lifting device 2 returns to its initial position, ready to receive the next fixing film, while inspection device 3 can perform inspections simultaneously. This parallel operating mode optimizes the equipment's cycle time, reduces idle waiting time, and further improves overall throughput.

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to distinguish the fixing film with different defect detection results, multiple preset areas corresponding to the defect detection results can be set. The defect detection result can be qualified or unqualified. The preset area corresponding to the defect detection result can be qualified or unqualified material frame. The defect detection result can also be a specific defect type. The preset area corresponding to the defect detection result is the material frame or production line corresponding to different defect types.

[0072] By connecting conveyor 1, lifting equipment 2, inspection equipment 3, and sorting equipment 4, the entire process from feeding, conveying, positioning, inspection to sorting is automated, replacing inefficient and tiring manual inspection and greatly improving production efficiency. It can sort the fixing film to different preset areas based on defect detection results (e.g., pass / fail, or more specifically, defect type). This not only achieves strict quality isolation and reduces the flow of defective products into subsequent stages, but more importantly, it provides valuable data support for quality traceability and process improvement in the production process. Statistical data on the types and quantities of fixing film defects can help analyze production bottlenecks and process problems. For example, the concentrated occurrence of a certain defect may point to improper parameter settings in an upstream process, thereby achieving data-driven production optimization.

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the vision mechanism 32 includes a camera frame 321, a frame side plate 322, a line scan camera 323, a light source 324, and a third lifting assembly. The camera frame 321 is fixedly installed on the bearing surface corresponding to the detection system, the third lifting assembly is fixedly installed on the camera frame 321, the frame side plate 322 is fixedly installed on the third lifting assembly, and the line scan camera 323 and the light source 324 are respectively hinged to the frame side plate 322.

[0074] The camera frame 321 is a rigidly welded or assembled frame structure, fixedly installed on the equipment's load-bearing surface (such as the ground) by anchor bolts or other means, providing a stable foundation for the entire vision mechanism 32. The third lifting assembly is fixedly installed on the top crossbeam of the camera frame 321. This assembly is preferably a servo electric cylinder, a stepper motor-driven lead screw slide, or a high-precision pneumatic cylinder from the prior art, whose telescopic end provides precise vertical displacement. The frame side plate 322 is a rigid plate component, fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the third lifting assembly. Therefore, the entire frame side plate 322 and all its components can be driven by the third lifting assembly for overall lifting movement.

[0075] The line scan camera 323, as the core imaging element, can be connected to the frame side plate 322 via a first hinge. The hinge is preferably a ball joint or a double-axis universal joint with locking function. This allows the line scan camera 323 to be adjusted in multiple dimensions, including pitch and yaw angles, to align with the fixing film on the surface to be measured. The light source 324, which provides illumination to the line scan camera 323, can be a high-brightness LED strip light source. It is connected to the frame side plate 322 via a second hinge, also using a hinge mechanism, allowing its illumination angle to be flexibly adjusted independently of the line scan camera 323.

[0076] When debugging the equipment or changing the model of the fixing film, the user first starts the third lifting assembly, which drives the frame side plate 322, the line scan camera 323 and the light source 324 to lift up and down as a whole, so as to roughly align the height center line of the fixing film.

[0077] Subsequently, the user can manually adjust the hinge mechanisms of the line scan camera 323 and the light source 324. By changing the angle of the line scan camera 323, it can be ensured that its scan lines cover the busbar of the fixing film, and a distortion-free image can be obtained. By independently adjusting the angle of the light source 324, the optimal illumination angle that most effectively highlights surface defects of the fixing film (such as scratches and pits) and avoids specular reflection can be found. After all hinge mechanisms are adjusted to the correct position, they can be securely locked with their own locking screws or nuts to prevent angle changes due to vibration during equipment operation.

[0078] During automated inspection, when the fixing film is positioned and begins to rotate, the line scan camera 323 is triggered to perform continuous scanning. The light source 324 continuously illuminates the surface of the fixing film at a preset optimal angle and brightness. The line scan camera 323 transmits the acquired line scan images to the image processing system in real time. The system analyzes the images using a deep learning-based defect detection algorithm to ultimately determine whether there are defects on the surface of the fixing film.

[0079] By combining lifting and dual-hinged adjustment, the line scan camera 323 and the light source 324 achieve precise adjustment of six degrees of freedom (height, X / Y / Z axis rotation). This enables the system to find and lock the optimal shooting angle and lighting conditions for fixing films of different diameters and surface characteristics, effectively suppressing reflections and highlighting defect features, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of defect detection.

[0080] The independent floor mounting of the camera frame 321 decouples it from the vibration sources of the equipment body (such as motors and cylinders), providing an extremely stable environment for image acquisition and reducing the possibility of image blurring caused by vibration.

[0081] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the lifting device 2 includes a material lifting mechanism 21, a material translation mechanism 22, a connecting plate 23, and two parallel lifting side plates 24. The connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the two lifting side plates 24 respectively. Each lifting side plate 24 includes a first support groove, a second support groove, and a third support groove. The first support groove, the second support groove, and the third support groove are distributed sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 11. The material translation mechanism 22 is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the material lifting mechanism 21, and the translation end of the material translation mechanism 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 23.

[0082] The detection equipment 3 also includes a dust removal mechanism 33, the positioning mechanism 31 includes a dust removal positioning component and a vision positioning component, and the working area includes a material preparation area, a dust removal area and a defect detection area.

[0083] When the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt 11, the material lifting mechanism 21 is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates 24 to rise, so that the first support groove is raised to the material preparation area, the second support groove is raised to the dust removal area, and the third support groove is raised to the defect detection area.

[0084] The dust removal positioning component and the vision positioning component are controlled to release their positioning respectively, so that the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component falls into the second support groove, and the fixing film positioned by the vision positioning component falls into the third support groove; the material translation mechanism 22 is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates 24 to translate along the first direction, so that the first support groove reaches the dust removal area, and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area; the dust removal positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the first support groove, and the vision positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the second support groove;

[0085] The material lifting mechanism 21 is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates 24 to descend, so that the fixing film in the third support groove is transferred to the material distribution device 4. The material translation mechanism 22 is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates 24 to translate along the second direction, so that the lifting side plates 24 return to the initial position. The first direction and the second direction are opposite, and the initial position is the position where the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt 11.

[0086] The material lifting mechanism 21 can be a servo electric cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or motor-driven screw slide module, which is vertically installed in the space formed by the second bracket 6. Its lifting end can provide vertical movement for the lifting side plate 24. The lifting end of the material lifting mechanism 21 is connected to an angle plate. One right-angle side plate of the angle plate is fixed to the lifting end, and the other right-angle side plate of the angle plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the material translation mechanism 22. The angle plate can be made of aluminum alloy plate, and a reinforcing plate can also be fixedly connected between the two right-angle side plates of the angle plate.

[0087] The material translation mechanism 22 can be an electric slide or a cylinder. The material translation mechanism 22 can include a base and a translation end. For example, when the material translation mechanism 22 is an electric slide, the translation end can be a slide block. When the material translation mechanism 22 is a cylinder, the translation end can be a push plate fixedly connected to the extension end of the cylinder.

[0088] The connecting plate 23 is a rigid plate component, and it is fixedly connected to the translation end of the material translation mechanism 22. Two lifting side plates 24 are fixedly mounted parallel to each other on the connecting plate 23, allowing them to move up, down, and translate as a whole. By fixing the base to the lifting end of the material lifting mechanism 21, the base can be moved up and down together, thereby driving the lifting side plates 24 to move up and down. The translation end provides horizontal movement for the lifting side plates 24.

[0089] Each lifting side plate 24 has a first support groove, a second support groove, and a third support groove sequentially machined or installed along its length direction (i.e., the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 11). When the lifting side plate 24 is in its initial position, the distance between the first support groove and the conveyor belt 11 is less than the distance between the second support groove and the conveyor belt 11, and the distance between the second support groove and the conveyor belt 11 is less than the distance between the third support groove and the conveyor belt 11. These support grooves are preferably V-shaped grooves or arc-shaped grooves, and their structure can support the end of the cylindrical fixing film.

[0090] The first direction of translation can be the direction away from the conveying device 1. The connecting plate 23 can be fixedly connected to the ends of the two lifting side plates 24 away from the conveying device 1. In this embodiment, the connecting plate 23 is fixedly connected to the lifting side plates 24 corresponding to the second support groove and the third support groove. The second bracket 6 is also fixedly connected to a module base, which is located below the transition plate 13. A motor-driven screw slide module is also fixedly installed on the upper surface of the module base. The slide in the screw slide module is fixedly connected to a material distribution baffle 61. When the lifting side plate 24 is in the initial position, the material distribution baffle 61 is located between the first support groove and the second support groove. That is, the distance between the material distribution baffle 61 and the conveyor belt 11 is greater than the distance between the first support groove and the conveyor belt 11. According to the product diameter of the fixing film to be tested, the material distribution baffle 61 can be driven to move horizontally by the screw slide module corresponding to the module base, thereby adjusting the distance between the material distribution baffle 61 and the end of the transition plate 13, ensuring that the fixing films to be tested conveyed on the conveyor belt 11 can fall into the first support groove one by one.

[0091] As an optional implementation of this embodiment, the first support groove, the second support groove and the third support groove are all V-shaped grooves, and their core structural parameters have been optimized to achieve the best centering effect and damage prevention performance.

[0092] Specifically, the included angle of the V-groove is set in the range of 100° to 150°, preferably 120°. This angle range ensures that the fixing film can smoothly slide into the bottom of the groove and complete self-centering by gravity, while reducing the possibility of compression deformation due to too small an angle or unstable support due to too large an angle.

[0093] Furthermore, to reduce the possibility of scratching the ends of the fixing film, the connecting edges of the two V-grooves are smoothed, thereby minimizing the pressure at the contact points and effectively preventing secondary damage to the product caused by stress concentration. In addition, the depth of the V-grooves is designed to be no less than 1 / 5 of the diameter of the fixing film to ensure the stability of the fixing film supported within the groove and prevent it from coming off during equipment movement.

[0094] In this optional embodiment, a freely rotatable support roller can be embedded in the bottom and side of the V-shaped groove. This support roller changes the contact between the fixing film and the bottom and side of the groove into rolling friction, which not only reduces frictional resistance but also allows the fixing film to roll slightly during the lifting process, achieving dynamic fine-tuning and centering, thereby achieving higher positioning accuracy.

[0095] The testing equipment 3 also includes a dust removal mechanism 33, and the positioning mechanism 31 is further divided into a dust removal positioning component and a vision positioning component, corresponding to the dust removal area and the defect detection area, respectively. Accordingly, the working area along the movement direction of the material translation mechanism 22 can be sequentially divided into a material preparation area, a dust removal area, and a defect detection area.

[0096] The system works collaboratively in the following steps to form an efficient detection loop:

[0097] When the fixing film from the conveyor belt 11 is transported and falls into the first support groove of the lifting side plate 24, the material lifting mechanism 21 is activated, driving the two lifting side plates 24 to rise vertically to a preset height. The preset height is precisely designed so that after the lifting is completed: the first support groove carrying the new fixing film is located in the material preparation area (waiting to enter the next station), the second support groove without the fixing film is raised to the dust removal area, and the third support groove without the fixing film is raised to the defect detection area.

[0098] After the lifting action is completed, the dust removal positioning component and the vision positioning component release their positioning of the fixing film at the current workstation. Subsequently, the fixing film in the dust removal area, released by the dust removal positioning component, falls into the second support slot directly below it under gravity. Simultaneously, the fixing film in the defect detection area, having completed inspection, falls into the third support slot directly below it under gravity. At this point, all three support slots hold fixing films: the first support slot contains the fixing film awaiting dust removal, the second support slot contains the fixing film that has undergone dust removal and is awaiting visual defect inspection, and the third support slot contains the fixing film that has completed visual defect inspection.

[0099] The material translation mechanism 22 is activated, causing the two lifting side plates 24 to move horizontally one station distance along the first direction. After the translation is completed, the first support groove carrying the fixing film to be dusted enters the dust removal area from the material preparation area; the second support groove carrying the fixing film that has been dusted and is to be visually inspected enters the defect inspection area from the dust removal area; and the third support groove carrying the fixing film that has completed visual defect inspection moves out of the defect inspection area, ready for unloading.

[0100] The material lifting mechanism 21 is lowered, causing the lifting side plate 24 to descend as a whole. At this time, the fixing film that has completed testing in the third support groove is smoothly placed onto the docking surface of the sorting equipment 4 by the lowering action, and the sorting equipment 4 performs sorting according to the test results. At the same time, the dust removal positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the first support groove entering the dust removal area so that the dust removal mechanism 33 can perform dust removal operations; the vision positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the second support groove entering the defect detection area so that the vision mechanism 32 can perform defect detection.

[0101] The material translation mechanism 22 drives the lifting side plate 24 to translate along a second direction opposite to the first direction, so that it returns to the initial position (i.e., the first support groove can once again receive the position of the fixing film from the conveyor belt 11).

[0102] In this embodiment, through the ingenious design of the combined lifting and translation motion and multiple support grooves, the system simultaneously completes four actions—feeding, dust removal station feeding, inspection station feeding, and unloading—within the same lifting-translation cycle, minimizing auxiliary time and significantly improving inspection efficiency. The entire process resembles a precise "stepping" conveyor belt, with a fixed sequence of actions and a clear material flow path, reducing the possibility of mechanical interference and logical confusion, ensuring stable and reliable operation. By spatially superimposing the three stations of material preparation, dust removal, and inspection, and utilizing lifting and translation to transfer materials in a two-dimensional space, the equipment structure becomes compact, occupying a small area.

[0103] like Figure 3 As shown, as an optional implementation of this embodiment, a sponge suction cup can also be installed on the connecting plate 23. The sponge suction cup can be respectively set at the connecting plate corresponding to the second support groove and the third support groove.

[0104] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the dust removal mechanism 33 includes a first lifting component, a dust removal support 331, a rubber roller 332, and a bladeless rubber tube 333. The bladeless rubber tube 333 abuts against the rubber roller 332, and the rubber roller 332 abuts against the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component. The rubber roller 332 and the bladeless rubber tube 333 are respectively installed on the dust removal support 331. The telescopic end of the first lifting component is fixedly connected to the dust removal support 331. The first lifting component is used to drive the dust removal support 331 to adjust the distance between the rubber roller 332 and the fixing film.

[0105] It is easy to understand that the dust removal mechanism 33 corresponds to the dust removal area. The first lifting component serves as the vertical drive source for the entire dust removal mechanism 33, and it can be a servo electric cylinder, a lead screw module driven by a stepper motor, or a high-precision cylinder. The first lifting component is vertically fixed on the second bracket 6, and its telescopic end can provide precise vertical displacement.

[0106] The dust removal support 331 is a rigid gantry mounting plate, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first lifting component. Therefore, the dust removal support 331 can be driven by the first lifting component to perform precise lifting movements.

[0107] The roller 332 can be a roller with a surface covered with a highly elastic, highly viscous polyurethane or silicone material. A first mandrel is fixedly connected to both ends of the roller 332. The dust collector support 331 has an installation groove, which includes a lower inclined groove, an upper inclined groove, and a vertical groove. The first mandrel can slide into the vertical groove through the lower inclined groove. The axial direction of the roller 332 is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed film after positioning.

[0108] The bladeless glue cartridge 333 can be a paper tube wound with adhesive paper, and a second mandrel is fixedly connected to both ends of the bladeless glue cartridge 333. The second mandrel can slide into the vertical groove through the upper inclined groove, and the axis of the bladeless glue cartridge 333 is parallel to the axis of the fixed film after positioning. The installation position of the bladeless glue cartridge 333 can ensure that the adhesive paper on it is in continuous contact with the surface of the glue roller 332.

[0109] The dust removal support 331 is also equipped with a clamping member that makes the adhesive paper of the knife-free glue tube 333 tightly adhere to the surface of the glue roller 332. In this embodiment, the clamping member can be a screw. The screw is threadedly connected to the dust removal support 331. The screw extends in the vertical direction and passes through the upper surface of the dust removal support 331 before abutting against the second mandrel.

[0110] Once the fixing film is positioned in the dust removal area by the dust removal positioning component, the first lifting component is activated, driving the dust removal support 331 to descend, thereby lowering the rubber roller 332 and the bladeless rubber cartridge 333 mounted on it. The first lifting component continues to descend until the rubber roller 332 makes slight contact with the outer surface of the fixing film, generating a slight pre-pressure deformation. This pre-pressure ensures reliable contact without hindering the rotation of the fixing film or causing deformation due to excessive pressure. The lifting height of the first lifting component corresponds to the diameter of the fixing film to be tested. The first lifting component has position and torque control functions to achieve this precise pressure control.

[0111] After the adhesive roller 332 contacts and positions itself against the fixing film, the fixing film is controlled to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis. Due to friction, the rotating fixing film will cause the adhesive roller 332 to rotate passively. During the rotation of the adhesive roller 332, its highly viscous surface will adhere to and remove dust, fibers, and other minute contaminants from the outer surface of the fixing film. At the same time, the bladeless adhesive cartridge 333, which is in contact with the surface of the adhesive roller 332, also rotates. The adhesive paper on its surface will continuously transfer the contaminants adhering to the surface of the adhesive roller 332 to itself, thereby maintaining the cleanliness and dust-adhesive effect of the surface of the adhesive roller 332, forming a continuous contaminant transfer path between the fixing film, adhesive roller 332, and bladeless adhesive cartridge 333.

[0112] When the preset dust removal cycle (e.g., the fixing film rotates 2-3 times) is completed, the first lifting component is raised, causing the glue roller 332 and the bladeless glue cylinder 333 to rise as a whole, so that they are completely separated from the surface of the fixing film. Subsequently, the dust removal positioning component is released from positioning, and the dust-removed fixing film falls into the second support groove of the lifting side plate 24 and enters the subsequent work station.

[0113] The rolling friction of the rubber roller 332 achieves scratch-free cleaning of the fixing film surface, reducing secondary scratches that may be caused by brushes or other methods. By introducing the bladeless rubber cartridge 333, real-time self-cleaning of the rubber roller 332 is achieved during operation, ensuring the continuity and stability of the dust removal effect, reducing the possibility of a decrease in dust removal efficiency due to dust saturation on the surface of the rubber roller 332, and meeting the needs of continuous operation in automated production lines.

[0114] With precise control of the first lifting component, the system can automatically adapt to fixing films of different diameters and apply constant optimal contact pressure, making it reliable and highly intelligent.

[0115] In this embodiment, the rubber roller 332 can adopt a modular design, and the rubber roller 332 can include a roller shaft, a central rubber section, and end rubber sections. The roller shaft, as the core support component, is a high-rigidity metal shaft. The rolling contact portion of the rubber roller 332 is composed of multiple independent rubber sections, each of which is equipped with a metal inner sleeve and rotates synchronously with the roller shaft by key connection or set screw fixing.

[0116] The central colloid section is fixedly installed in the middle area of ​​the roller, and its length is adapted to the shortest fixing film to be tested. The end colloid sections are optional accessories; when testing longer fixing films, they can be symmetrically added to both ends of the central colloid section. The colloid sections abut against each other through their end faces. The end colloid sections can be locked onto the roller from their end faces using countersunk screws, ensuring that all colloid sections are tightly arranged on the roller, forming a continuous rolling surface.

[0117] As an optional implementation of this embodiment, the mating end faces of adjacent colloid segments can be designed as non-planar interlocking structures, such as serrated, wavy, or stepped shapes. This makes the mating seam a tortuous path rather than a straight line, effectively disrupting continuous cleaning dead zones. Simultaneously, an O-ring is added between the metal inner sleeve of the colloid segment and the roller shaft. Utilizing the elasticity of the rubber, a continuous axial preload is applied to the colloid segments after the screws are tightened, ensuring that adjacent colloid segments always fit tightly at the mating point, minimizing physical gaps.

[0118] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, the rubber roller 332 can be controlled to perform axial reciprocating movement in addition to uniform rotation when performing dust removal tasks. That is, by setting an additional micro linear module for the first lifting component, and mounting the first lifting component on the micro linear module, the entire rubber roller 332 performs low-frequency, small-amplitude reciprocating motion in the axial direction of the fixing film (e.g., amplitude of 2-5mm, frequency of 0.5-2Hz). This small axial movement ensures that any static gap on the rubber roller 332 is repeatedly covered and cleaned by the intact rubber surface on both sides during dynamic operation. In other words, dust that might have remained above the gap will be removed a second time by the effective rubber surface at the front or rear of the rubber roller 332 during its axial movement, achieving dynamic and redundant cleaning coverage and fundamentally eliminating cleaning blind spots caused by the segmented structure.

[0119] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the dust removal positioning component includes two first positioning blocks 311, each first positioning block 311 is connected to a first base, and each first base is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat; the visual positioning component includes two second positioning blocks 312, each second positioning block 312 is connected to a second base, and each second base is connected to a second bearing seat.

[0120] The positioning mechanism 31 includes a first drive assembly, a first synchronous belt 313, two centering plates 314, and two pressure plates 315. The first bearing seat and the second bearing seat on the same side are respectively fixedly installed on the same centering plate 314. The same slide rail 62 is slidably connected to the same side end of the two centering plates 314 in the length direction. A pressure plate 315 is fixedly connected to the different side ends of the two centering plates 314 in the length direction. The two pressure plates 315 are respectively fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt 313. The first synchronous belt 313 is connected to the first drive assembly. The first drive assembly is used to drive the first synchronous belt 313 to move.

[0121] When the first support groove reaches the dust removal area and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt 313 is controlled to move along a preset third direction, driving the two centering plates 314 to move towards each other, so that the two first positioning blocks 311 fix the two ends of the fixing film in the first support groove and the two second positioning blocks 312 fix the two ends of the fixing film in the second support groove.

[0122] When the first support groove rises to the material preparation area, the second support groove rises to the dust removal area, and the third support groove rises to the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt 313 is controlled to move along a preset fourth direction, causing the two centering plates 314 to move out of each other, so that the two first positioning blocks 311 and the two second positioning blocks 312 do not contact the two ends of their respective fixing films; the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

[0123] The dust removal positioning assembly includes two first positioning blocks 311, each of which can be a conical tip or a nylon block with a V-groove, for contacting the end center or inner surface of the fixing film. Each first positioning block 311 is fixedly connected to a first base. The vision positioning assembly includes two second positioning blocks 312, whose structure can be the same as or similar to the first positioning blocks 311, and each second positioning block 312 is fixedly connected to a second base.

[0124] Each first base is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat via a pivot. Each second base is rotatably connected to a second bearing seat via a pivot.

[0125] The first and second bearing seats on the same side (i.e., the dust removal positioning component and the vision positioning component located on the same side of the equipment) are fixedly installed on the same centering plate 314. Therefore, there are two centering plates 314, located on both sides of the length direction of the fixing film. Two slide rails 62 are fixedly installed on the second bracket 6. Centering sliders are fixedly connected to the ends of the two centering plates 314 along the length direction. The two centering sliders at the ends of the centering plates 314 on the same side along the length direction are slidably connected to the same slide rail 62 to ensure that the two centering plates 314 move in a straight line.

[0126] Two centering plates 314 are fixedly connected to a pressure plate 315 at different ends along their length. For example, the ends of the two centering plates 314 that are closer to the conveying device 1 are named the front end, and the ends of the two centering plates 314 that are farther away from the conveying device 1 are named the rear end. The front end of one centering plate 314 and the rear end of the other centering plate 314 are fixedly connected to a pressure plate 315.

[0127] The first synchronous belt 313 can be a ring-shaped synchronous belt, which is fixedly connected to the two pressure plates 315 through its two parallel straight sections. The first drive assembly is preferably a servo motor or a stepper motor, and a synchronous pulley is mounted on its output shaft to drive the first synchronous belt 313 to move.

[0128] Once the lifting device 2 has completed its translation, causing the first support groove to reach the dust removal area and the second support groove to reach the defect detection area, all fixing films are in a state of waiting to be positioned.

[0129] The first drive assembly is activated, driving the first synchronous belt 313 to move along a preset third direction (e.g., clockwise). Since the two pressure plates 315 are fixed on the parallel sections on both sides of the synchronous belt, the movement of the synchronous belt will drive the two centering plates 314 to move synchronously in opposite directions along the slide rail 62.

[0130] As the center plate 314 moves toward each other, all the bearing seats and positioning blocks fixed thereon move together: the two first positioning blocks 311 move toward each other until they simultaneously contact and fix the two ends of the fixing film located in the first support groove (dust removal area); the two second positioning blocks 312 move toward each other until they simultaneously contact and fix the two ends of the fixing film located in the second support groove (defect detection area).

[0131] At this point, the fixing films at both workstations are simultaneously aligned and clamped, preparing for subsequent dust removal and visual inspection.

[0132] When the lifting device 2 operates again, raising the fixing film in each support slot to a new position (i.e., the first support slot to the material preparation area, the second support slot to the dust removal area, and the third support slot to the defect detection area), the positioning mechanism 31 needs to release the currently held fixing film so that it can fall into the corresponding support slot. The first drive assembly is controlled to reverse, driving the first synchronous belt 313 to move in a preset fourth direction (e.g., counterclockwise) opposite to the third direction. The synchronous belt drives the two centering plates 314 to make precise, synchronized, disengaging movements along the slide rail 62. The disengaging movement of the centering plates 314 causes all the first positioning blocks 311 and the second positioning blocks 312 to retract from the ends of the fixing films, releasing the positioning constraints on all fixing films. Subsequently, the fixing film falls smoothly into the next support slot directly below it under gravity.

[0133] By employing the first driving component in conjunction with the first synchronous belt 313, the positioning blocks on both sides of the fixing film are ensured to move synchronously and symmetrically at all times. This fundamentally avoids the problems of the fixing film being pushed off course, squeezed and deformed, or mispositioned due to asynchrony, thus providing a guarantee for high-precision detection.

[0134] By using the centering plate 314 as a common mounting base, the positioning mechanisms 31 of the dust removal station and the inspection station are integrated into an overall motion unit, realizing the synchronous completion of the positioning actions of the two stations, which greatly simplifies the mechanism, improves the action efficiency, and shortens the cycle time.

[0135] In this embodiment, each first base is fixedly connected to a first gear 34 on the side away from its corresponding first positioning block 311, and each second base is fixedly connected to a second gear 35 on the side away from its corresponding second positioning block 312; the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 on the same side respectively mesh with a second synchronous belt 36, and the two second synchronous belts 36 rotate synchronously.

[0136] A first gear 34 is fixedly installed on the side of each first base away from its corresponding first positioning block 311, and the first gear 34 is rotatably connected to its corresponding first bearing seat. Similarly, a second gear 35 is fixedly installed on the side of each second base away from its corresponding second positioning block 312, and the second gear 35 is rotatably connected to its corresponding second bearing seat. The first gear 34 and the second gear 35 are preferably precision gears with the same module and made of powder metallurgy or quenched and tempered 45# steel to ensure smooth transmission and durability.

[0137] On each side of the fixing film, the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 on the same side are engaged and driven by a second synchronous belt 36. That is, the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 on the left side are engaged by one second synchronous belt 36, and the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 on the right side are engaged by another second synchronous belt 36. The tension of the two second synchronous belts 36 can be adjusted by a tensioning pulley to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the transmission.

[0138] The second synchronous belt 36 is driven by a fourth drive assembly, preferably a servo motor or a stepper motor, which transmits power to the second synchronous belt 36 through an active synchronous pulley. To ensure absolute synchronization of rotation on both sides, the two second synchronous belts 36 can be driven by the same fourth drive assembly through a synchronous transmission shaft.

[0139] When dust removal or visual inspection of the fixing film is required, the fourth drive assembly is activated. The fourth drive assembly drives the second synchronous belt 36 to perform cyclical motion. The moving second synchronous belt 36, through toothed meshing, drives the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 meshing with it to rotate synchronously.

[0140] Since the first gear 34 is fixed on the first base and the second gear 35 is fixed on the second base, the rotation of the gears transmits torque to the first and second bases. The first base drives the first positioning block 311 (dust removal station) to rotate, and the second base drives the second positioning block 312 (vision inspection station) to rotate.

[0141] The precise transmission of gears and synchronous belts ensures that the first positioning block 311 and the second positioning block 312 on the same side have exactly the same rotation speed and direction of rotation.

[0142] When the first positioning block 311 and the second positioning block 312 rotate, they drive the fixing film clamped and fixed by them to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis through their top points or friction surfaces.

[0143] This rotational motion allows the entire outer surface of the fuser film to pass sequentially over the roller 332 in the dust removal area, achieving thorough cleaning. In the defect detection area, the entire outer surface of the fuser film sequentially enters the field of view of the vision mechanism 32, enabling omnidirectional image acquisition and ensuring no missed detections.

[0144] When the preset rotation cycle (e.g., the fixing film rotates 2-3 times) is completed, the second drive component is controlled to stop running, and the positioning block and fixing film stop rotating accordingly.

[0145] By employing a single drive source in conjunction with a second synchronous belt 36, the rotational motion of the fixing film at the dust removal station and the vision inspection station is ensured to be completely synchronized. This avoids the problem of needing to set up a complex independent control system due to asynchronous rotation speeds between the two stations, simplifies the structure, reduces costs, and guarantees the consistency of the rhythm of the two process steps.

[0146] The meshing transmission between the gear and the second synchronous belt 36 is smooth and low in noise, providing stable torque and effectively preventing slippage or uneven rotation of the fixing film during rotation, thus ensuring the consistency of dust removal effect and the clarity of image acquisition.

[0147] By placing the rotary drive components (gears, timing belts) behind the positioning assembly, no extra space is required, resulting in a very compact overall structure. At the same time, this transmission method is highly efficient, capable of accurately and reliably transmitting power to the four positioning blocks at the two workstations.

[0148] In this embodiment, the synchronous drive shaft can be a hexagonal shaft 63 with a regular hexagonal cross-section. Two hexagonal bearing seats are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the second bracket 6, through which the hexagonal shaft 63 passes and can rotate freely. The hexagonal inner hole in the hexagonal bearing seat matches the hexagonal shaft 63, ensuring that it can only rotate and not rotate on its own axis. A third gear is fixedly connected to the hexagonal shaft 63, and a third synchronous belt meshes with the output end of the fourth drive component. The third synchronous belt meshes with the third gear, so that when the fourth drive component is started, power is transmitted to the third gear through the third synchronous belt, thereby driving the entire hexagonal shaft 63 to rotate continuously.

[0149] Two bearing limit seats 316 are respectively fixedly installed at the ends of the two centering plates 314 near the hexagonal shaft 63. Therefore, the bearing limit seats 316 will move synchronously with the opposing or dispersing movements of the centering plates 314. Each bearing limit seat 316 is rotatably connected to a "limiting assembly and fourth gear" assembly via a bearing, which includes:

[0150] Rotating column: One end of the rotating column is machined with a hexagonal blind hole that matches the cross section of the hexagonal shaft 63, so that it can be slidably fitted onto the hexagonal shaft 63, so that the rotating column can rotate synchronously with the rotation of the hexagonal shaft 63, and can also slide freely along the axial direction of the hexagonal shaft 63.

[0151] Limiting plate: fixedly connected to the rotating column.

[0152] The fourth gear is fixedly connected to the limiting plate and rotates together with the limiting plate.

[0153] The upper end of the bearing limiting seat 316 is provided with a U-shaped opening, through which the rotating column passes and its end is rotatably connected to the seat body on both sides of the U-shaped opening. Each fourth gear meshes with a second synchronous belt 36, serving as a direct power source for driving the rotation of the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 on that side.

[0154] When the first drive assembly drives the two centering plates 314 to move towards or away from each other via the first synchronous belt 313 to accommodate fixing films of different lengths, the centering plates 314 drive the bearing limit seat 316 and the entire "limiting assembly and fourth gear" assembly to translate axially along the hexagonal shaft 63. During this process, due to the hexagonal insertion fit between the hexagonal shaft 63 and the rotating column, the transmission of rotational power is not affected at all. The fourth gear always maintains engagement with the second synchronous belt 36, continuously outputting power, perfectly achieving the decoupling of rotational motion and linear adjustment motion.

[0155] By utilizing the torque transmission and axial guidance characteristics of the hexagonal shaft 63, a single drive source can be used to drive two dynamically changing workstations to achieve absolutely synchronized rotary motion. This fundamentally solves the technical challenge of providing synchronized power to multiple moving workstations in equipment that requires frequent width adjustments.

[0156] Since the rotation of both stations originates from the same rigid shaft, the problems of synchronization error and speed regulation delay that may exist when using multiple independent drive sources are completely eliminated, ensuring that the processing rhythm of the dust removal and vision inspection stations is completely consistent, thereby guaranteeing the clarity of image acquisition and the uniformity of dust removal effect.

[0157] The hexagonal 63 shaft has a large transmission torque, no backlash, and smooth transmission, avoiding potential jitter or speed fluctuations in the fixing film during rotation. By replacing two independent servo rotary drive systems with a single sophisticated mechanical mechanism, the number of expensive electrical components such as motors, encoders, and drivers is greatly reduced. This not only lowers manufacturing costs but also simplifies the control system complexity and improves the overall reliability and ease of maintenance.

[0158] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment of this example, the first positioning block 311 is the same as the second positioning block 312. Each of the first positioning block 311 or the second positioning block 312 includes an integrally formed conical part 7, a cylindrical part 8, and a connecting part 9. The conical part 7 is used to insert into the fixing film. The end of the conical part 7 near the cylindrical part 8 abuts against the inner wall of the end of the fixing film. The cylindrical part 8 is used to limit the axial movement of the fixing film. The connecting part 9 is used to magnetically fix to the corresponding first base or second base. The conical part 7 has a through hole 71 at its center, which communicates with the side surface of the cylindrical part 8 and the connecting part 9, respectively.

[0159] In this optional embodiment, the first positioning block 311 and the second positioning block 312 have the same structure and can be used interchangeably; they are collectively referred to as positioning blocks below. Each positioning block is manufactured as a single piece, preferably using wear-resistant nylon, polyoxymethylene, or steel with a hard chrome plating to ensure durability and protection of the fixing film. Its structure, from front to back (in terms of installation posture), consists of three functionally defined sections:

[0160] Tapered portion 7: Located at the end of the positioning block, it has a frustum-shaped structure. It is designed for precise insertion into the center hole of the fuser film. The taper of tapered portion 7 is optimized to accommodate different fuser film center holes within a certain tolerance range, achieving self-centering. Specifically, the larger-diameter end edge of tapered portion 7 near cylindrical portion 8 is configured to abut against the inner wall fillet of the inserted fuser film end, thereby providing initial axial positioning.

[0161] Cylindrical section 8: Connected after the conical section 7, it has a cylindrical structure. Its diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the central hole of the fixing film. When the positioning block is inserted into the fixing film, the end face of the cylindrical section 8 near the conical section 7 abuts against the end face of the fixing film. Its main function is to provide final axial movement limit for the fixing film after the conical section 7 has completed the initial positioning, reducing the possibility of axial movement of the fixing film during rotation or lifting.

[0162] Connecting part 9: Located at the tail of the positioning block, it contains an embedded permanent magnet (such as a neodymium iron boron magnet). Correspondingly, magnetically conductive material (such as low-carbon steel) or opposite magnetic poles are also embedded on the mounting surfaces of the first and second bases. Through this design, the positioning block and the base are fixedly connected by magnetic attraction. This connection method provides sufficient fixing force to transmit rotational torque, while allowing the user to quickly and non-destructively remove the positioning block from the base without tools during model changeover or maintenance.

[0163] The basic shape of the connecting part 9 is cylindrical. To form a reliable torque transmission interface with its corresponding base, two parallel planes are symmetrically cut along its axial direction on the outer circumference of the cylindrical surface of the connecting part 9, thus forming two parallel straight edges. Correspondingly, shaped holes matching the external shape of the connecting part 9 are also machined in the mounting holes of the first and second bases. When the connecting part 9 is inserted into the shaped hole of the base, its two straight edges fit tightly against the inner wall plane of the shaped hole.

[0164] Along the axial direction of the positioning block, a through hole 71 is provided, penetrating the conical portion 7, the cylindrical portion 8, and the connecting portion 9. The centerline of the through hole 71 coincides with the axis of the positioning block. It forms an entrance at the tip of the conical portion 7, passes through the entire conical portion 7, and forms one or more outlets on the side surface of the cylindrical portion 8, ultimately communicating with the end face of the connecting portion 9.

[0165] When the tapered part 7 is inserted into the fixing film, air at the center hole at the end of the fixing film can be quickly expelled through this through hole 71, reducing the impact of the air cushion effect and allowing the positioning block to be smoothly inserted into place, ensuring positioning accuracy. During equipment debugging or maintenance, the user or a vision sensor can also observe the front through this through hole 71 from one end of the connecting part 9, assisting in judging the alignment of the positioning block and the fixing film, facilitating rapid calibration. The design of the through hole 71 reduces the weight of the positioning block, especially at high speeds, helping to reduce inertia and making operation smoother, while also saving material costs.

[0166] When the centering plate 314 drives the positioning blocks to move towards each other, the conical part 7 of the positioning block first inserts into the center holes at both ends of the fixing film, achieving automatic centering using the conical surface. As it advances further, the root end face of the conical part 7 or the end face of the cylindrical part 8 contacts the end of the fixing film, completing axial positioning. Torque is transmitted to the entire positioning block through the magnetically connected base and connecting part 9, thereby driving the fixing film to rotate smoothly. When it is necessary to change to a fixing film of a different specification, the matching positioning block can be directly replaced. The magnetic connection enables quick plug-and-play operation, greatly improving the efficiency of equipment changeover.

[0167] The collaborative design of the tapered portion 7 and the cylindrical portion 8 achieves precise constraint on the fixing film while reducing the contact area and clamping stress on the fixing film surface, effectively preventing scratches or deformation at the ends of the fixing film. The magnetic fixing connection method simplifies and speeds up the replacement of the positioning block, significantly shortening production preparation time and making it suitable for flexible production needs across multiple product varieties. The through-hole 71 not only solves the airtightness problem but also provides additional benefits such as assisted observation and lightweight design, demonstrating a deep consideration for user experience and performance optimization in the details.

[0168] In this optional embodiment, in order to expel the air volume (Vair) inside the sealed cavity of the fixing film within a short time (Δt) of the positioning block insertion, the diameter of the through hole 71 can be the optimal solution after balancing the four constraints of exhaust efficiency, structural strength, lightweighting, and observation convenience, and can be dynamically correlated with the specifications of the fixing film. Specifically:

[0169] The formula for estimating the air volume within the fixing film can be expressed as: Where Dm is the inner diameter of the fixing film, Lm is the length of the fixing film, considering that the end is not completely closed, and kx is the preset correction coefficient.

[0170] The required exhaust flow rate Q through through-hole 71 can be calculated using the formula: Q = Vair / Δt. According to fluid mechanics, the flow rate through through-hole 71 is proportional to the square of the orifice diameter. Therefore, the minimum effective diameter of through-hole 71 ( It should satisfy: Where C1 is a preset coefficient related to air viscosity and the length of the through-hole 71. For example, the minimum diameter of the through-hole 71 can be 1 / 10 to 1 / 8 of the current fixing film diameter to ensure sufficient flow area.

[0171] Since the through hole 71 cannot weaken the torsional strength required for the positioning block to transmit torque, especially in the root of the tapered portion 7 and the straight edge region of the connecting portion 9, the stress distribution under the working torque can be simulated using finite element analysis in the prior art to ensure that the stress concentration factor after the hole is opened is within the safe range of the material. For example, the maximum diameter (dmax) of the through hole 71 can be limited to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the cylindrical portion 8 to ensure structural integrity.

[0172] The through-hole 71 includes a main path connecting the conical part 7, the cylindrical part 8, and the connecting part 9. The main path coincides with the axis of the positioning block, reducing the possibility of vibration caused by mass asymmetry during high-speed rotation. The main path forms an unobstructed straight observation channel, allowing the user or the alignment sensor to directly visually observe the alignment of the tip of the conical part 7 of the positioning block with the aperture of the fixing film.

[0173] In the cylindrical section 8, the through-hole 71 branches into multiple (e.g., three) symmetrically distributed lateral outlets on the circumference. This single-inlet, multi-outlet design significantly improves exhaust efficiency and uniformity. More importantly, the lateral outlets can be located at the rear side of the cylindrical section 8, allowing the airflow to diffuse laterally rather than directly blowing onto the temperature-sensitive fixing film surface, fundamentally avoiding the risk of fixing film deformation, vibration, or performance degradation due to localized cooling or airflow impact.

[0174] When the positioning block rotates at high speed, the air flowing through the side outlet will form a local low-pressure area, which will produce a slight suction effect, helping to remove oil vapor or wear particles that may be present in the joint, thus achieving passive self-cleaning.

[0175] An airflow channel can be opened inside the base corresponding to the end face of the connecting part 9, and connected to a negative pressure generator (vacuum generator) and a positive pressure air source via a solenoid valve. When the positioning block is inserted into the fixing film, negative pressure can be activated to actively draw air from the fixing film through the through hole 71, instantly eliminating the air cushion effect and ensuring precise and smooth placement. When the positioning block is separated, positive pressure can be switched, and a gentle airflow of preset pressure is blown in through the through hole 71 to form an air-floating film between the positioning block and the end face of the fixing film, achieving a smooth separation without contact or scratches.

[0176] When different specifications of fuser films need to be tested, not only do the dimensions of the conical part 7 and the cylindrical part 8 of the matching positioning block change, but the parameters of the through holes 71 inside are also optimized and matched simultaneously. For example, for larger specifications of fuser films, the diameter of the through holes 71 of the positioning block is also increased accordingly to meet the greater exhaust volume requirements.

[0177] As another optional implementation in this embodiment, the structures of the first positioning block 311 and the second positioning block 312 can be designed differently based on the functional requirements of the dust removal station and the defect detection station, which can further optimize the performance of each station.

[0178] The core function of the first positioning block 311 is to stably clamp the fixing film and transmit rotational torque during the dust removal process. Its requirements for positioning accuracy and dust prevention are relatively lower than those of the defect detection station. The core function of the second positioning block 312 is to provide an extremely stable reference for high-precision visual inspection, and its requirements for positioning accuracy and concentricity are the highest. For example, the tapered part 7 in the first positioning block 311 can adopt a larger tapered angle design to provide stronger guidance and insertion error tolerance, ensuring that positioning can be completed quickly and reliably in high-speed cycles. The tapered part 7 of the second positioning block 312 can adopt a smaller tapered angle and a high-precision ground tapered surface to ensure that the contact area with the end hole of the fixing film is maximized, achieving extremely high radial positioning accuracy and repeatability, and minimizing any slight shaking of the fixing film during the inspection process. It is easy to understand that the larger tapered angle and the smaller tapered angle refer to the same model of fixing film. The tapered angle of the tapered part 7 of the second positioning block 312 is smaller than the tapered angle of the tapered part 7 of the first positioning block 311. The mapping relationship between the model of the fixing film and each tapered angle can be preset.

[0179] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the material distribution device 4 includes a material feeding centering frame 41, a slide rail 42, a material distribution turntable 43, and a receiving plate 44. The material feeding centering frame 41 includes two centering frames and a second drive assembly for adjusting the distance between the two centering frames. The slide rail 42 includes two first guide plates and two second guide plates 422. Each of the centering frames has a first guide plate and a second guide plate 422 fixedly connected to its inner surface that is close to each other.

[0180] For each of the centering frames, the first guide plate is located above the second guide plate 422, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate 422 are arranged in parallel. The first guide plate includes two guide sub-plates 421. An unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates 421 is provided with a material distribution plate 43. The material distribution plate 43 is connected to a third drive assembly for driving its rotation. The third drive assembly is used to control the material distribution plate 43 to rotate to a preset first position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The material distribution plate 43 is used to convey the fixing film in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates 421, or to block the fixing film conveyed in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates 421.

[0181] The receiving plate 44 is connected to a second lifting assembly. The second lifting assembly is used to move the receiving plate 44 to a preset second position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The receiving plate 44 is used to receive the fixing film falling from the unconnected area between the two guide plates 421 and convey it to the two second guide plates 422.

[0182] The unloading and centering frame 41 includes two parallel centering frames and a second drive assembly for driving these two centering frames to move towards or away from each other. The second drive assembly can be a bidirectional lead screw module or a synchronous belt linear module to ensure synchronous movement on both sides. Alternatively, the second drive assembly can be a servo electric cylinder module, with each centering frame driven by an independent servo electric cylinder. The two servo electric cylinders can maintain precise synchronization during movement. The servo electric cylinder module provides the required thrust and self-locking force, achieving rigid clamping of the fixing film when executing synchronous braking commands, resulting in a significant braking effect.

[0183] By adjusting the distance between the two centering frames, the entire unloading slide 42 can be adapted to fixing films of different lengths, ensuring that the axis of the fixing film is aligned with the center line of the slide 42 during the downward movement, reducing the possibility of jamming or scratching caused by skewness.

[0184] The slide 42 consists of two sets of guide plates fixed to the inside of the centering frame. For each centering frame, a first guide plate and a second guide plate 422 are fixedly connected from top to bottom on its inner side. These two guide plates are arranged in parallel to form a channel for guiding the fixing film downwards. The first guide plate is located above the second guide plate 422 and is itself composed of two parallel guide sub-plates 421, with an unconnected area (i.e., a notch) between these two guide sub-plates 421.

[0185] Each unconnected area is hinged with a material distribution plate 43. The material distribution plate 43 is preferably a smooth-surfaced nylon or engineering plastic plate. Each material distribution plate 43 is connected to a third drive assembly, preferably a small servo motor or rotary cylinder, for driving the material distribution plate 43 to rotate precisely about its hinge axis.

[0186] Directly below the unconnected area, a receiving plate 44 is provided. The receiving plate 44 is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the second lifting assembly. The second lifting assembly is preferably a compact cylinder or an electric push rod, used to drive the receiving plate 44 to move in the vertical direction.

[0187] Based on the defect detection results, the material sorting equipment 4 can execute the following sorting logic:

[0188] The two feed plates 43 rotate to a position flush with the guide plate 421, i.e., the first position, thereby transferring the fixing film from the unconnected area to form a complete slide 42, allowing the fixing film to pass smoothly. The receiving plate 44 descends to the lowest position, i.e., the second position, so as not to interfere with the falling fixing film.

[0189] When the defect detection result is qualified, the state of the material distribution plate 43 and the receiving plate 44 is maintained. After the fixing film is unloaded from the lifting device 2, it slides down the complete slide 42 formed by the first guide plate (including the guide sub-plate 421 and the flush material distribution plate 43) and finally falls smoothly into the qualified material frame.

[0190] When the defect detection result is unqualified, the third drive component drives the two material distribution plates 43 to rotate upwards synchronously by a preset angle (e.g., 45° to 90°), changing them from a horizontal "channel" state to an inclined or vertical "baffle" state, i.e., the first position. Simultaneously, the second lifting component drives the receiving plate 44 to rise to a preset receiving position, which is directly below the intercepted fixing film, i.e., the second position. The fixing film sliding down along the guide plate 421 falls onto the receiving plate 44, which has risen to the receiving position. The second lifting component is controlled to descend, causing the receiving plate 44 and the unqualified fixing film on it to descend together. When the receiving plate 44 descends until its bottom is level with or slightly lower than the entrance of the second guide plate 422, the unqualified fixing film rolls off the receiving plate 44 and slides along the second guide plate 422 into the unqualified material frame.

[0191] After the sorting operation is completed, the third drive component drives the material distribution plate 43 to rotate back to the horizontal position, and the second lifting component drives the receiving plate 44 to descend back to the initial position. The system returns to the initial position state waiting for the next sorting.

[0192] Utilizing the gravity of the fixing film for transport, the automatic separation of qualified and unqualified products is achieved through the movement of the sorting plate 43 and the receiving plate 44, resulting in low energy consumption and high reliability. Qualified products fall directly along the smooth, continuous slide 42, ensuring a smooth path without additional intervention and avoiding secondary scratches. Unqualified products are flexibly received and transferred by the receiving plate 44, preventing direct fall and collision, while strictly achieving physical isolation from qualified products, ensuring sorting purity. The rotation of the sorting plate 43 and the lifting of the receiving plate 44 are simple and rapid linear or rotary movements, allowing the entire sorting process to be completed in a short time, efficiently matching the front-end detection cycle without affecting overall production efficiency. Through the width adjustment function of the feeding centering frame 41, the entire sorting equipment 4 can quickly adapt to different specifications of fixing films, enhancing the equipment's versatility.

[0193] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application provide an automatic detection method for surface defects of fixing films based on optical imaging. This method can be executed by a device, which can be a server or a terminal device. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services. The terminal device can be a smartphone, tablet computer, desktop computer, etc., but is not limited to these.

[0194] like Figure 7 As shown, an automatic detection method for surface defects of fixing film based on optical imaging, with electronic equipment as the execution subject, is described in the following main process flow (steps S101 to S104):

[0195] Step S101: Based on the model parameters of the current fixing film to be tested, obtain the conveying operation parameters of the conveying equipment, so that the conveying equipment conveys the multiple fixing films to be tested based on the conveying operation parameters. The conveying equipment includes a conveyor belt and two conveying side baffles. The conveying operation parameters include the conveying speed and the distance between the two conveying side baffles.

[0196] Step S102: If the fixing film is conveyed to the lifting device by the conveying device, the conveying device is controlled to pause conveying, and the lifting device is controlled to lift the fixing film one by one to the working area corresponding to the detection device; the detection device includes a positioning mechanism and a vision mechanism.

[0197] Step S103: Control the positioning mechanism to position the fixing film entering the working area, control the vision mechanism to perform defect detection on the positioned fixing film, and obtain the defect detection result of the fixing film.

[0198] Step S104: Based on the defect detection results, control the material distribution device to distribute the fixing film to the corresponding preset area.

[0199] In this embodiment, the material distribution device includes a slide for transporting the fixing film and two centering frames. The step of controlling the material distribution device to allocate the fixing film to the corresponding preset area based on the defect detection result includes:

[0200] Based on the model parameters and the preset static width of the slide, calculate the basic displacement of each of the two centering frames. The model parameters include at least the diameter.

[0201] Real-time acquisition of the motion speed of the fixing film as it slides down the slide and its attitude angle relative to the center line of the slide;

[0202] Obtain a first comparison result between the motion speed and a preset first speed threshold, and obtain a second comparison result between the attitude angle and a preset angle threshold;

[0203] Based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, the control rhythm and action mode are dynamically determined, and a dynamic correction amount is added to the basic displacement amount to obtain the correction displacement amount;

[0204] Based on the control rhythm, action mode, and correction displacement, control commands are generated to drive the centering frame.

[0205] Based on the control command, the centering frame is driven to perform controlled reciprocating motion, so as to simultaneously correct the downward posture of the fixing film and control the movement speed through the intermittent contact intervention of the centering frame with the fixing film.

[0206] A photoelectric sensor array or vision sensor can be installed upstream of the slide to collect the motion speed of the fixing film and its attitude angle relative to the centerline of the slide in real time. The two centering frames are driven by servo electric cylinders or high-precision pneumatic cylinders, respectively, and can be controlled to perform reciprocating motion.

[0207] Based on the diameter of the fixing film and the preset static width of the slide, the required basic displacement of the two alignment frames is calculated to ensure that the slide width matches the diameter of the fixing film and provides initial guidance. The basic displacement (Dbase) is calculated using the following formula: Dbase=(Ws-Df) / 2+C2; where Ws is the preset static width of the slide, Df is the current diameter of the fixing film, and C2 is a preset safety clearance constant.

[0208] The motion speed and attitude angle of the fixing film are acquired in real time through a sensing unit. In this embodiment, a vision sensor installed above the slide can acquire images of the fixing film at a preset frequency; the outline of the fixing film is identified by an image processing algorithm, and its motion speed and the angle between its centerline and the centerline of the slide, i.e., the attitude angle, are calculated in real time.

[0209] The real-time speed is compared with a preset first speed threshold to generate a first comparison result; the real-time attitude angle is compared with a preset angle threshold to generate a second comparison result. Based on the first and second comparison results, the control beat and action mode are dynamically determined.

[0210] In this embodiment, the second drive component used to drive the two centering frames to move towards or away from each other can be a servo electric cylinder module. Dynamically determining the control cycle and action mode can include: if the attitude angle exceeds a preset angle threshold, triggering a unilateral correction command in the event-driven mode; if the movement speed exceeds a preset first speed threshold, triggering a synchronous braking command in the event-driven mode; if neither exceeds the threshold, executing a periodic scanning mode with a preset cycle. Specifically:

[0211] Event-driven mode: If the attitude angle is detected to exceed the angle threshold, a single-sided correction command is immediately triggered, driving the centering frame on the biased side to perform a one-time rapid push-off; if the movement speed is detected to exceed the first speed threshold, a synchronous braking command is immediately triggered, driving the centering frames on both sides to perform a rapid opposite clamping-release action.

[0212] Periodic scanning mode: During the normal downward movement of the fixing film, a command is generated with a preset time period and a preset safety displacement, which causes the centering frame on both sides to perform continuous, small-amplitude (preset parameters) reciprocating motion to achieve continuous fine adjustment.

[0213] Simultaneously, based on the velocity deviation, a dynamic correction is calculated and added to the base displacement to obtain the final corrected displacement. The dynamic correction (δ) is determined as follows: the deviation (Δv) between the real-time motion velocity (va) and the preset target velocity (vt) is calculated; if the absolute value of this deviation is less than a preset dead zone threshold (vd), the dynamic correction is zero; otherwise, the dynamic correction (δ) is calculated according to the formula δ=Kp×Δv, where Kp is a preset proportionality coefficient.

[0214] By integrating the control cycle, motion mode, and correction displacement, a final control command is generated and sent to the drive unit. Specifically, generating the final control command may include: calling a preset command template based on the determined motion mode; using the correction displacement as an amplitude parameter and the control cycle as a timing parameter, filling the command template, and synthesizing a timing command for driving the centering frame to the target position; wherein the command template includes a continuous reciprocating motion waveform for periodic scanning, a pulse-type clamping-release command sequence for synchronous braking, and a rapid push-and-retract command for unilateral correction.

[0215] By intermittently and regularly contacting the fixing film with the centering frame, the following two core functions are achieved simultaneously: by pushing on one side, the skewness of the fixing film is corrected in time to prevent it from getting stuck due to skewness; by clamping on both sides, the friction is used to consume the downward sliding energy of the fixing film, so that it can slide down at a uniform or safe speed, reducing the possibility of end impact.

[0216] The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic detection system for surface defects of fixing films based on optical imaging, characterized in that, It includes conveying equipment (1), lifting equipment (2), testing equipment (3), and material distribution equipment (4); The conveying device (1) includes a conveyor belt (11) for conveying the fixing film to be tested to the lifting device (2); The lifting device (2) is used to lift the fixing film to be tested to the working area corresponding to the testing device (3); The detection device (3) includes a positioning mechanism (31) and a vision mechanism (32). The positioning mechanism (31) is used to position the fixing film entering the working area, and the vision mechanism (32) is used to detect defects in the positioned fixing film. The material distribution device (4) is used to distribute the fixing film to the preset area corresponding to the defect detection result according to the defect detection result of the fixing film; The lifting device (2) includes a material lifting mechanism (21), a material translation mechanism (22), a connecting plate (23), and two parallel lifting side plates (24). The connecting plate (23) is fixedly connected to the two lifting side plates (24) respectively. Each lifting side plate (24) includes a first support groove, a second support groove, and a third support groove. The first support groove, the second support groove, and the third support groove are distributed sequentially along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (11). The material translation mechanism (22) is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the material lifting mechanism (21), and the translation end of the material translation mechanism (22) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (23). The detection equipment (3) also includes a dust removal mechanism (33), the positioning mechanism (31) includes a dust removal positioning component and a vision positioning component, and the working area includes a material preparation area, a dust removal area and a defect detection area.

2. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt (11), the material lifting mechanism (21) is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates (24) to rise, so that the first support groove is raised to the material preparation area, the second support groove is raised to the dust removal area, and the third support groove is raised to the defect detection area; The dust removal positioning component and the vision positioning component are respectively released from positioning so that the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component falls into the second support groove and the fixing film positioned by the vision positioning component falls into the third support groove; the material translation mechanism (22) is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates (24) to translate along the first direction so that the first support groove reaches the dust removal area and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area; the dust removal positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the first support groove and the vision positioning component is controlled to position the fixing film in the second support groove. The material lifting mechanism (21) is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates (24) to descend, so that the fixing film in the third support groove is transferred to the material distribution device (4), and the material translation mechanism (22) is controlled to drive the two lifting side plates (24) to translate along the second direction, so that the lifting side plates (24) return to the initial position; the first direction and the second direction are opposite, and the initial position is the position where the first support groove receives the fixing film from the conveyor belt (11).

3. The detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dust removal mechanism (33) includes a first lifting component, a dust removal support (331), a rubber roller (332), and a knifeless rubber tube (333). The knifeless rubber tube (333) abuts against the rubber roller (332), and the rubber roller (332) abuts against the fixing film positioned by the dust removal positioning component. The rubber roller (332) and the knifeless rubber tube (333) are respectively installed on the dust removal support (331). The telescopic end of the first lifting component is fixedly connected to the dust removal support (331). The first lifting component is used to drive the dust removal support (331) and adjust the distance between the rubber roller (332) and the fixing film.

4. The detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dust removal positioning component includes two first positioning blocks (311), each first positioning block (311) is connected to a first base, and each first base is rotatably connected to a first bearing seat; the vision positioning component includes two second positioning blocks (312), each second positioning block (312) is connected to a second base, and each second base is connected to a second bearing seat. The positioning mechanism (31) includes a first drive assembly, a first synchronous belt (313), two centering plates (314) and two pressure plates (315). The first bearing seat and the second bearing seat on the same side are respectively fixedly installed on the same centering plate (314). The same slide rail (62) is slidably connected to the same side end of the two centering plates (314) in the length direction. A pressure plate (315) is fixedly connected to the different side ends of the two centering plates (314) in the length direction. The two pressure plates (315) are respectively fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt (313). The first synchronous belt (313) is connected to the first drive assembly. The first drive assembly is used to drive the first synchronous belt (313) to move. When the first support groove reaches the dust removal area and the second support groove reaches the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt (313) is controlled to move along a preset third direction, driving the two centering plates (314) to move towards each other, so that the two first positioning blocks (311) fix the two ends of the fixing film in the first support groove and the two second positioning blocks (312) fix the two ends of the fixing film in the second support groove. When the first support groove rises to the material preparation area, the second support groove rises to the dust removal area, and the third support groove rises to the defect detection area, the first synchronous belt (313) is controlled to move along the preset fourth direction, driving the two centering plates (314) to move away from each other, so that the two first positioning blocks (311) and the two second positioning blocks (312) do not contact the two ends of their respective fixing films; the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction.

5. The detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the first bases is fixedly connected to a first gear (34) on the side away from its corresponding first positioning block (311), and each of the second bases is fixedly connected to a second gear (35) on the side away from its corresponding second positioning block (312); the first gear (34) and the second gear (35) on the same side are respectively meshed with a second synchronous belt (36), and the two second synchronous belts (36) rotate synchronously.

6. The detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first positioning block (311) is the same as the second positioning block (312). Each first positioning block (311) or second positioning block (312) includes an integrally formed conical part (7), a cylindrical part (8) and a connecting part (9). The conical part (7) is used to insert into the fixing film. The end of the conical part (7) near the cylindrical part (8) abuts against the inner wall of the end of the fixing film. The cylindrical part (8) is used to limit the axial movement of the fixing film. The connecting part (9) is used to magnetically fix with the corresponding first base or second base. The conical part (7) has a through hole (71) in the center. The through hole (71) communicates with the side surface of the cylindrical part (8) and the connecting part (9) respectively.

7. The detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material distribution device (4) includes a material feeding centering frame (41), a slide rail (42), a material distribution turn plate (43), and a receiving plate (44). The material feeding centering frame (41) includes two centering frames and a second drive assembly for adjusting the distance between the two centering frames. The slide rail (42) includes two first guide plates and two second guide plates (422). Each of the centering frames has a first guide plate and a second guide plate (422) fixedly connected to its inner surface that is close to each other. For each of the centering frames, the first guide plate is located above the second guide plate (422), and the first guide plate and the second guide plate (422) are arranged in parallel. The first guide plate includes two guide sub-plates (421). An unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates (421) is provided with a material distribution plate (43). The material distribution plate (43) is connected to a third drive assembly for driving its rotation. The third drive assembly is used to control the material distribution plate (43) to rotate to a preset first position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The material distribution plate (43) is used to convey the fixing film in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates (421), or to block the fixing film conveyed in the unconnected area between the two guide sub-plates (421). The receiving plate (44) is connected to a second lifting component. The second lifting component is used to move the receiving plate (44) to a preset second position according to the defect detection result of the fixing film. The receiving plate (44) is used to receive the fixing film falling from the unconnected area between the two guide plates (421) and convey it to the two second guide plates (422).

8. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vision mechanism (32) includes a camera frame (321), a frame side plate (322), a line scan camera (323), a light source (324), and a third lifting assembly. The camera frame (321) is fixedly installed on the bearing surface corresponding to the detection system. The third lifting assembly is fixedly installed on the camera frame (321). The frame side plate (322) is fixedly installed on the third lifting assembly. The line scan camera (323) and the light source (324) are respectively hinged to the frame side plate (322).

9. A detection method for an automatic detection system for surface defects of a fixing film based on optical imaging, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Based on the model parameters of the fixing film to be tested, the conveying operation parameters of the conveying equipment are obtained so that the conveying equipment can convey multiple fixing films to be tested based on the conveying operation parameters. The conveying equipment includes a conveyor belt and two conveying side baffles. The conveying operation parameters include the conveying speed and the distance between the two conveying side baffles. If the fixing film is conveyed to the lifting device by the conveying device, the conveying device is controlled to pause conveying, and the lifting device is controlled to lift the fixing film one by one to the working area corresponding to the detection device; the detection device includes a positioning mechanism and a vision mechanism; The positioning mechanism is controlled to position the fixing film entering the working area, and the vision mechanism is controlled to perform defect detection on the positioned fixing film to obtain the defect detection results of the fixing film. Based on the defect detection results, the control dispensing equipment distributes the fixing film to the corresponding preset area.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material distribution equipment includes a slide for transporting the fixing film and two centering frames. The step of controlling the material distribution equipment to allocate the fixing film to corresponding preset areas based on the defect detection results includes: Based on the model parameters and the preset static width of the slide, calculate the basic displacement of each of the two centering frames. The model parameters include at least the diameter. Real-time acquisition of the motion speed of the fixing film as it slides down the slide and its attitude angle relative to the center line of the slide; Obtain a first comparison result between the motion speed and a preset first speed threshold, and obtain a second comparison result between the attitude angle and a preset angle threshold; Based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, the control rhythm and action mode are dynamically determined, and a dynamic correction amount is added to the basic displacement amount to obtain the correction displacement amount; Based on the control rhythm, action mode, and correction displacement, control commands are generated to drive the centering frame. Based on the control command, the centering frame is driven to perform controlled reciprocating motion, so as to simultaneously correct the downward posture of the fixing film and control the movement speed through the intermittent contact intervention of the centering frame with the fixing film.

Images