Thermoelectric power generation teaching aid model car

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of temperature difference trolley, specifically to a temperature difference power generation teaching aid model trolley, which comprises an assembly platform designed on the top of the trolley, a stable support fixedly installed on the assembly platform, a thermoelectric sheet controllably rotationally installed on the stable support, a hot end and a cold end of the thermoelectric sheet respectively located on the front and back surfaces of the thermoelectric sheet, and the thermoelectric sheet being associated with a driving motor of the trolley. The present application can enable students to deeply understand that temperature difference is the core nature of power generation, master the complete energy conversion chain, and effectively cultivate their system thinking ability, scientific inquiry and engineering practice ability through the simulation of energy intermittency and energy storage management, so that the teaching effect is superior to traditional teaching aids.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric vehicle teaching aids, specifically a thermoelectric power generation teaching aid model vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the vigorous development of new energy technologies, thermoelectric power generation, as a green technology that can directly convert heat energy into electrical energy, has gradually become an important part of science, physics and engineering technology education in primary and secondary schools. In order to demonstrate the Seebeck effect, a variety of thermoelectric power generation teaching aids and models have appeared on the market, the most typical of which is the thermoelectric power generation car.

[0003] Currently, common thermoelectric vehicles typically use a thermoelectric element, whose hot end relies on an independent, pre-stored heat source, such as a hot water cup, an alcohol lamp, or a fixed electric heating module. During demonstrations, the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermoelectric element is artificially established and maintained to generate electricity to drive the motor, thereby propelling the vehicle forward. This method is difficult to demonstrate intuitively, and the correlation between temperature difference changes and voltage is not obvious, making it difficult to correct students' one-sided understanding that they only focus on heating. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A thermoelectric power generation educational model car includes:

[0006] An assembly platform is designed on top of the vehicle. A stable bracket is fixedly installed on the assembly platform, and a thermoelectric element is controllably rotatably mounted on the stable bracket. The hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric element are located on opposite sides of the thermoelectric element, respectively. The thermoelectric element is connected to the vehicle's drive motor. A heat-conducting block is fixedly installed on the cold end of the thermoelectric element, and a heat sink assembly is fixedly installed on the heat-conducting block. A solar thermal collector module is installed on the hot end of the thermoelectric element. When the thermoelectric element is flipped, the positions of the cold and hot ends are switched to change the heat source and cold source.

[0007] Optionally, the solar collector module includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on a stable support, on which a collector plate is fixedly mounted, and the outer wall of the collector plate is tightly fitted and fixed to the hot end of the thermoelectric element.

[0008] Optionally, a support plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the exposed surface of the heat collection plate by multiple support rods. The support plate has an assembly hole, and the outer wall of the support plate has a threaded hole that extends into the assembly hole. A screw is threaded into the threaded hole, and the free end of the screw is screwed into the assembly hole. An alcohol lamp or a Fresnel lens can be installed in the assembly hole.

[0009] Optionally, the exposed surface of the heat collection plate is provided with a plurality of U-shaped grooves, the surface of each U-shaped groove is coated with a black coating with high absorption rate, and the heat collection plate is a metal substrate made of copper as the main material.

[0010] Optionally, an electric drive fan is installed on the top of the assembly platform. When the heat sink assembly is located directly below the thermoelectric element, the air outlet of the electric drive fan faces the heat sink assembly, and the electric drive fan is powered by the heat collection plate. A circuit breaker is designed between the electric drive fan and the heat collection plate.

[0011] Optionally, a liquid crystal dimming film is installed on the carrier plate, and a drive module and a battery are integrated on the trolley. The battery provides AC power to the liquid crystal dimming film through the drive module, and the liquid crystal dimming film is wrapped around the light incident surface of the Fresnel lens.

[0012] Optionally, when the liquid crystal dimming film intermittently blocks the Fresnel lens installed in the assembly hole, the trolley is in an intermittent stepping state. In this environment, a drive circuit board is reserved for installation on the assembly platform. A conductive pin is installed on the drive circuit board, a supercapacitor is installed on the drive circuit board, and a conductive pin is installed on the supercapacitor. The conductive pin achieves conductive connection and limit assembly by plugging into the conductive pin. The drive circuit board can control the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor.

[0013] Optionally, a worm gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stabilizing bracket through the rotating shaft, and a worm is rotatably installed on the stabilizing bracket through a bearing seat, the worm being meshed with the worm gear.

[0014] Optionally, a reading card module is installed on the assembly platform. The reading card module is associated with two temperature control probes, which are in contact with the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric element, respectively. The reading card module also has a voltmeter associated with the thermoelectric element and is designed with a digital display screen that displays the measured data of the voltmeter and the two temperature control probes in real time.

[0015] This invention provides a thermoelectric power generation teaching model car, which has the following advantages compared to existing technologies:

[0016] The combination of a stable support frame and a reversible thermoelectric element enables convenient switching and comparison between heat and cold sources. Through worm gear and worm drive, the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric element can be easily interchanged. When using solar energy as the heat source, the collector plate is positioned above as the hot end, and the heat sink is positioned below as the cold end. When switching to a traditional heat source such as an alcohol lamp, simply flip the thermoelectric element. This allows the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink to remain constant during teaching, enabling individual changes to the type or intensity of the heat source. Readings from a voltmeter and temperature probe provide a clear visual indication that even with different heat sources, effective power generation is possible as long as a sufficient temperature difference is created across the thermoelectric element.

[0017] II. The combination of the solar thermal collector module with the mounting holes and screws enables the modularity, safety, and scalability of the heat source system. Through the mounting holes and locking screws designed on the support plate, the module achieves a high degree of modularity and scalability, allowing for the selective installation of different components in the mounting holes: when no components are installed, it is the basic solar thermal collector mode; when a Fresnel lens is installed, sunlight can be focused, significantly increasing energy density, demonstrating how to enhance the heat source through technical means; when an alcohol lamp is installed, it can revert to a traditional heat source for comparison.

[0018] Third, the combination of liquid crystal dimming film, driving module and Fresnel lens dynamically simulates the intermittency and instability of renewable energy. Under the AC power provided by the driving module, the liquid crystal dimming film can achieve rapid and precise switching between transparent and light-blocking states. The above combination design allows the car to exhibit intermittent stepping motion characteristics.

[0019] Fourth, by designing a supercapacitor, after the intermittent energy problem was revealed by the liquid crystal dimming film, the excess electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric element is stored in the supercapacitor when there is sufficient light; when the light is blocked, the supercapacitor releases electrical energy to maintain the movement of the car. The performance of the car in crossing the shadow area before and after the addition of the capacitor can be compared.

[0020] V. The combination of the electric fan, heat sink assembly, and circuit breaker enables active regulation of cold-end heat dissipation capacity. The controlled variable method accurately verifies the dominant role of the cold end in thermoelectric power generation. This design provides a comparative experimental environment by installing an electric fan powered by the thermoelectric element itself at the corresponding position of the heat sink assembly and setting a circuit breaker. When the thermoelectric element is flipped so that the heat sink assembly is at the bottom and a stable heat source such as solar energy is used, the hot end temperature can be considered a fixed value. At this time, by closing the circuit breaker and starting the electric fan, the heat dissipation efficiency of the cold end can be actively enhanced, significantly reducing the cold end temperature. When the switch is opened, natural convection heat dissipation is restored. In this process, the heat source remains unchanged, and the only variable is the heat dissipation intensity of the cold end, which leads to a change in temperature difference. It can be clearly seen on the digital display screen that, with the hot end temperature unchanged, enhancing the cold end heat dissipation can also significantly improve the output voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the thermoelectric power generation part in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the thermoelectric element and the carrier plate in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the solar thermal collector module after its position has been changed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the supercapacitor in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Assembly platform; 2. Stable support; 3. Heat collector plate; 4. Thermoelectric element; 5. Support plate; 6. Liquid crystal dimming film; 7. Screw; 8. Heat-conducting block; 9. Heat sink assembly; 11. Drive circuit board; 12. Supercapacitor; 13. Conductive pin; 14. Conductive pin tube; 16. Shaft; 17. Worm gear; 18. Worm; 20. Electric drive fan. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This invention provides a technical solution: a thermoelectric power generation teaching aid model car, comprising:

[0030] The assembly platform 1 is designed on the top of the vehicle. A sturdy bracket 2 is fixedly installed on the assembly platform 1. A thermoelectric element 4 is controllably rotatably mounted on the sturdy bracket 2. The hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric element 4 are located on opposite sides of the thermoelectric element 4, respectively. The thermoelectric element 4 is connected to the drive motor of the vehicle. A heat-conducting block 8 is fixedly installed on the cold end of the thermoelectric element 4. A heat sink 9 is fixedly installed on the heat-conducting block 8. A solar thermal collector module is installed on the hot end of the thermoelectric element 4. After the thermoelectric element 4 is flipped, the positions of the cold end and the hot end are switched to replace the heat source and the cold source.

[0031] In this invention, the thermoelectric element 4 transfers heat from its cold end to the heat-conducting block 8, which in turn transfers heat to the heat sink assembly 9 via heat pipes. The heat sink assembly 9 reduces its own heat through natural convection. The hot end of the thermoelectric element 4 faces the light source, which radiates heat to the solar collector module. The solar collector module then transfers heat to the hot end of the thermoelectric element 4, creating a temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric element 4, thereby generating electricity. The motor drives the trolley to move. When using the solar collector module, the hot end is above the cold end. When using an alcohol lamp heat source, the cold end is above the hot end. The cold end always uses the heat sink assembly 9 for heat dissipation, meaning the heat dissipation efficiency remains constant, while the heat at the hot end changes. This causes a change in the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric element 4, thus visually demonstrating the voltage change caused by the different temperature differences.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the solar collector module includes a rotating shaft 16 rotatably mounted on a stable bracket 2, a collector plate 3 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 16, and the outer wall of the collector plate 3 being tightly fitted and fixed to the hot end of the thermoelectric element 4.

[0033] Based on the solar module embodiment, a support plate 5 is fixedly mounted on the exposed outer wall of the collector plate 3 via multiple support rods. The support plate 5 has mounting holes, and its outer wall has threaded holes extending into the mounting holes. A screw 7 is threaded into the threaded holes, with its free end screwed into the mounting holes. An alcohol lamp or a Fresnel lens can be installed in the mounting holes. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 2 to 5 In this embodiment, by designing the support plate 5, mounting holes, threaded holes, and screws 7, heat generators such as alcohol lamps or strong light sources can be installed in the mounting holes. At the same time, they can be locked by the screws 7 to ensure that they can remain stable during the displacement of the trolley. When Fresnel lenses are installed, the Fresnel lenses can enhance the heat collection of the heat collection plate, thereby enabling the trolley to maintain its displacement continuously in the external environment.

[0034] Furthermore, a liquid crystal dimming film 6 is installed on the carrier plate 5, and a drive module and a battery are integrated on the trolley. The battery provides AC power to the liquid crystal dimming film 6 through the drive module. The liquid crystal dimming film 6 wraps around the light incident surface of the Fresnel lens. In this embodiment, by designing the liquid crystal dimming film 6, when a concentrated light source provides heat radiation to the heat collection plate 3, the liquid crystal dimming film 6 is in the open state, and the light is enhanced by the Fresnel lens, thereby increasing the heat collection of the heat collection plate 3. Similarly, when the Fresnel lens is blocked, the heat collection of the heat collection plate 3 decreases, which means that the temperature difference decreases, the power generation decreases, and the trolley reduces its displacement. By intermittently adjusting the light transmittance of the liquid crystal dimming film 6, the trolley can stop and move.

[0035] Fresnel lenses have strong light-gathering capabilities, which can significantly increase the energy density of light.

[0036] Furthermore, when the liquid crystal dimming film 6 intermittently blocks the Fresnel lens installed in the assembly hole, the trolley is in an intermittent stepping state. In this environment, a drive circuit board 11 is pre-installed on the assembly platform 1. A conductive pin 14 is installed on the drive circuit board 11, and a supercapacitor 12 is installed on the drive circuit board 11. A conductive pin 13 is installed on the supercapacitor 12. The conductive pin 13 achieves conductive connection and limited assembly through insertion with the conductive pin 14. The drive circuit board 11 can control the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor 12. Specifically… In direct sunlight: When the sun shines directly on the car, the thermoelectric element 4 generates electricity, which drives the motor and charges the supercapacitor 12. When entering the shaded area: The output of the thermoelectric element 4 drops sharply or even to zero. At this time, the supercapacitor 12 begins to discharge, providing energy to the motor. The car continues to move forward smoothly with the help of the supercapacitor 12, instead of stopping immediately, allowing the car to break out of the shaded area. When it sees the sunlight again, the thermoelectric element 4 resumes generating electricity, the car accelerates again, and recharges the supercapacitor 12. This cycle continues, which improves the car's ability to move.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the drive circuit board 11 is an existing circuit module, which facilitates the installation or removal of the supercapacitor 12 through the cooperation of the conductive pins 13 and the conductive pin tubes 14.

[0038] Based on the solar module embodiment, multiple U-shaped grooves are provided on the exposed surface of the heat collector plate 3. The surface of each U-shaped groove is coated with a black coating with high absorption rate. The heat collector plate 3 is a metal substrate made of copper as the main material. In this embodiment, by using copper, the thermal conductivity can be improved. Multiple U-shaped grooves can increase the heat collection area of ​​the heat collector plate 3, thereby better absorbing heat.

[0039] Based on the solar module embodiment, an electric drive fan 20 is installed on the top of the assembly platform 1. When the heat sink 9 is located directly below the thermoelectric element 4, the air outlet of the electric drive fan 20 faces the heat sink 9, and the electric drive fan 20 is powered and driven by the heat collection plate 3. A circuit breaker is designed between the electric drive fan 20 and the heat collection plate 3. In this embodiment, the use of the electric drive fan 20 can increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink 9, thereby reducing the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric element 4. In order to better understand the temperature difference, the thermoelectric element 4 is flipped so that the heat sink 9 is rotated to the bottom of the solar collector module. At this time, the heat collection capacity of the solar collector module will be kept within a preset range per unit time, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric element 4 is also kept within a preset range. At this time, the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric element 4 is a quantitative factor, while the temperature of the cold end can be reduced by the electric drive fan 20, thereby changing the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric element 4. Thus, while the temperature of the hot end remains unchanged, the temperature of the cold end is changed, thereby changing the temperature difference.

[0040] The cold junction temperature can be switched by using a circuit breaker.

[0041] In addition, an electric drive fan 20 powered by the thermoelectric element 4 is installed. When you turn it by hand at first, the fan rotates and generates a weak current. The current then drives the fan to accelerate, forming a "positive feedback". The faster the fan is, the better the heat dissipation and the stronger the power generation.

[0042] In summary, further, a worm gear 17 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the stabilizing bracket 2 through the rotating shaft 16. A worm 18 is rotatably installed on the stabilizing bracket 2 through a bearing seat. The worm 18 is meshed with the worm gear 17. In this embodiment, the cooperation between the worm gear 17 and the worm 18 can effectively flip the solar collector module and the heat sink 9, thereby facilitating the switching of heat source and cold source. Moreover, the worm 18 has a self-locking characteristic, which improves the working stability.

[0043] Furthermore, a reading card module is installed on the assembly platform 1. The reading card module is associated with two temperature control probes, which are in contact with the hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric element 4, respectively. The reading card module also has a voltmeter associated with the thermoelectric element 4, and the reading card module is also designed with a digital display screen that displays the measured data of the voltmeter and the two temperature control probes in real time.

[0044] By utilizing the aforementioned structural elements, the traditional thermoelectric generator teaching aid is transformed into a multifunctional, inquiry-based integrated teaching platform. The flip-up thermoelectric element structure enables flexible switching and comparative teaching between the heat source and cold end; the modular heat collection platform balances safety and experimental scalability; the liquid crystal dimming film system dynamically simulates energy intermittency, leading to the demand for energy storage; the pluggable supercapacitor provides a physical energy management solution; and the controllable electric drive fan accurately verifies the crucial role of the cold end through the controlled variable method.

[0045] The standard parts used in this embodiment can be purchased directly from the market, and the non-standard structural parts described in the specification and drawings can also be processed without any doubt based on existing technical common sense. At the same time, the connection methods of each component adopt mature conventional methods in the prior art, and the machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermoelectric generator teaching model car, characterized in that: include: An assembly platform (1) is set on the top of the trolley; A sturdy bracket (2) is fixedly installed on the assembly platform (1). The thermoelectric element (4) is controllably rotatably mounted on the stabilizing bracket (2). The hot end and cold end of the thermoelectric element (4) are located on the front and back sides of the thermoelectric element (4) respectively, and the thermoelectric element (4) is associated with the drive motor of the trolley; A heat-conducting block (8) is fixedly installed on the cold end of the thermoelectric element (4), and a heat sink assembly (9) is fixedly installed on the heat-conducting block (8). The hot end of the thermoelectric element (4) is equipped with a solar thermal collector module; After the thermoelectric element (4) is flipped, the cold end and the hot end switch positions to replace the heat source and the cold source; The solar collector module includes a rotating shaft (16) rotatably mounted on a stable bracket (2), and a collector plate (3) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (16). The outer wall of the collector plate (3) is tightly fitted and fixed to the hot end of the thermoelectric element (4). The outer wall of the exposed surface of the heat collection plate (3) is fixedly installed with a support plate (5) by multiple support rods. The support plate (5) has an assembly hole and a threaded hole on its outer wall. The threaded hole extends into the assembly hole. A screw (7) is threaded into the threaded hole. The free end of the screw (7) is screwed into the assembly hole. An alcohol lamp or a Fresnel lens can be installed in the assembly hole. The rotating shaft (16) passes through the outer wall of the stabilizing bracket (2) and is fixedly installed with a worm gear (17). A worm (18) is rotatably installed on the stabilizing bracket (2) through a bearing seat. The worm (18) is meshed with the worm gear (17).

2. The thermoelectric generator model car teaching aid of claim 1, wherein: The heat collection plate (3) has multiple U-shaped grooves on its exposed surface. The surfaces of the U-shaped grooves are coated with a black coating with high absorption rate. The heat collection plate (3) is a metal substrate made of copper as the main material.

3. The thermoelectric generator model car of claim 1, wherein: An electric drive fan (20) is installed on the top of the assembly platform (1). When the heat sink assembly (9) is located directly below the thermoelectric element (4), the air outlet of the electric drive fan (20) faces the heat sink assembly (9), and the electric drive fan (20) is powered by the heat collection plate (3). A circuit breaker is designed between the electric drive fan (20) and the heat collection plate (3).

4. The thermoelectric generator model car of claim 1, wherein: A liquid crystal dimming film (6) is installed on the carrier plate (5). A drive module and a battery are integrated on the trolley. The battery provides AC power to the liquid crystal dimming film (6) through the drive module. The liquid crystal dimming film (6) is wrapped around the light incident surface of the Fresnel lens.

5. The thermoelectric generator model car of claim 4, wherein: When the liquid crystal dimming film (6) intermittently shields the Fresnel lens installed in the assembly hole, the trolley is in an intermittent stepping state. In this environment, a driving circuit board (11) is reserved and installed on the assembly platform (1). A conductive pin tube (14) is installed on the driving circuit board (11). A super capacitor (12) is installed on the driving circuit board (11). A conductive pin (13) is installed on the super capacitor (12). The conductive pin (13) is connected and limited by the insertion of the conductive pin tube (14). The driving circuit board (11) can control the charging and discharging of the super capacitor (12).

6. The thermoelectric generator model car of claim 1, wherein: A reading card module is installed on the assembly platform (1). Two temperature control probes are associated with the reading card module. The temperature control probes are in contact with the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet (4), respectively. The reading card module also has a voltage meter associated with the thermoelectric sheet (4). The reading card module is also designed with a digital display screen that displays the real-time data of the voltage meter and the two temperature control probes.

Images