Energy path optimization method for multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit

Abstract

The application discloses an energy path optimization method for a multi-medium mixed energy storage unit, relates to the technical field of energy path optimization, and is used for solving the problems of unbalanced energy path and insufficient system cycle activity. The last energy charging and discharging time of each energy storage unit is detected, the energy retention duration is calculated and the energy storage unit is marked, the charging and discharging cycle number and historical charging and discharging data of the marked energy storage unit are acquired, it is judged whether to enter an energy transfer storage mechanism, when the energy transfer storage mechanism is entered, the target energy storage unit is selected according to the medium type of the marked energy storage unit, the discharge current and heat exchange flow of the target energy storage unit are analyzed to determine the energy receiving characteristics, and it is judged whether to transfer the retained energy of the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit according to the energy receiving characteristics. The efficiency decline problem caused by the energy retention of part of the energy storage units in the long-term operation of the multi-medium energy storage unit is solved, and the balance of the energy path and the cycle activation are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy path optimization technology, and more specifically, to a method for optimizing the energy path of a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of renewable energy and power system scale, multi-medium hybrid energy storage units are playing an increasingly important role in power dispatch and energy management. Multi-medium energy storage units are usually composed of different types of energy storage units such as electrochemical energy storage, capacitor energy storage, mechanical energy storage or thermal energy storage, and achieve efficient utilization of system energy through charging and discharging coordination.

[0003] The existing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Currently, existing technologies suffer from energy stagnation in some multi-medium energy storage units during long-term operation, resulting in uneven charging and discharging schedules. This hinders efficient energy utilization and dynamic allocation, and lacks an energy transfer mechanism based on the charging and discharging history, cycle count, and energy medium type of the energy storage units. Consequently, energy storage efficiency declines, energy path imbalances occur, and system cycle activity is insufficient. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy path optimization method for multi-medium hybrid energy storage units.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy path optimization method for multi-medium hybrid energy storage units. This method addresses the problems mentioned in the background art by employing historical data analysis of energy storage unit charging and discharging, calculation of energy retention time, evaluation of the number of charge and discharge cycles, and a target energy storage unit screening and energy reception characteristic evaluation mechanism based on energy storage medium type.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Before allocating energy to each energy storage unit, detect the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit in the last time, calculate the energy residence time based on the detection results, and screen and mark the energy storage units based on the energy residence time;

[0009] Step S2: Obtain the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit, access the historical database to obtain the historical charge-discharge data of the marked energy storage unit and analyze the energy decay rate, and determine whether to enter the energy transfer mechanism based on the number of charge-discharge cycles.

[0010] Step S3: When entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the marked energy storage unit is collected, the target energy storage unit is selected according to the energy medium type, the statistical time is set, and the current discharge current and heat exchange flow rate of the target energy storage unit are detected.

[0011] Step S4: Calculate the discharge rate using the current discharge current, evaluate the energy receiving characteristics of the target energy storage unit by combining the discharge rate and heat exchange flow rate, and determine whether to transfer the residual energy of the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit based on the energy receiving characteristics.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit are obtained through the energy storage management interface;

[0013] The difference between the energy release time and the energy charging time is taken as the energy residence time;

[0014] If the energy retention time exceeds the preset retention time threshold, the energy storage unit will be marked.

[0015] Conversely, energy storage units are not labeled.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit is obtained through the energy storage management interface;

[0017] Access the historical database to obtain historical charge and discharge data of the marked energy storage unit over multiple energy cycles, including discharge capacity and energy release ratio;

[0018] The discharge capacity is the total amount of energy released by the energy storage unit to the outside during a complete energy release process. The discharge capacity of each energy cycle is sorted in chronological order, and the discharge decay index is calculated from the sorted discharge capacity.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the energy release ratio is the ratio of the amount of energy released by the energy storage unit in one energy cycle to the amount of energy charged in the previous cycle.

[0020] The energy release index is obtained by comprehensively calculating the proportions of each energy release.

[0021] The ratio of the discharge decay index and the energy release index after standardization is taken as the energy decay ratio, and the product of the energy decay ratio and the preset scaling factor is taken as the energy decay rate of the energy storage unit.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the energy decay rate and the number of charge-discharge cycles are standardized to obtain the energy decay coefficient and the charge-discharge cycle coefficient, respectively.

[0023] The energy storage characteristics are calculated by combining the energy decay coefficient and the charge-discharge cycle coefficient.

[0024] If the energy transfer characteristics exceed the preset energy decay threshold, the energy transfer mechanism will be activated.

[0025] Conversely, it will not enter the energy transfer mechanism.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the energy storage unit is read from the structural parameter database of the energy storage unit.

[0027] Energy medium type refers to the form of energy storage medium used inside the energy storage unit;

[0028] Match the energy medium type of all energy storage units with the energy medium type of the marked energy storage units, and select the energy storage units that can transfer energy as target energy storage units.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, a statistical time is set, and the instantaneous current signal passing through the power interface at the output end of the target energy storage unit is continuously collected during the statistical time to obtain the discharge current sequence.

[0030] Calculate the average value of the discharge current sequence to obtain the average discharge current, and use the average discharge current as the current discharge current of the target energy storage unit.

[0031] The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is obtained by detecting the mass flow rate of the energy medium passing through the heat exchange loop in the target energy storage unit;

[0032] The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is continuously measured within the statistical time period, and the average value of all instantaneous heat exchange flow rates within the statistical time period is taken as the heat exchange flow rate.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the current discharge current is divided by the rated capacity of the target energy storage unit to obtain the discharge rate.

[0034] Among them, the rated capacity is the rated electrical capacity of the target energy storage unit recorded in the structural parameter database;

[0035] The heat exchange flow rate and discharge rate are standardized to obtain the heat exchange flow rate factor and discharge rate factor.

[0036] The ratio of heat exchange flow factor to discharge rate factor is used as the energy receiving characteristic of the target energy storage unit.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the energy receiving characteristics are compared with a preset receiving threshold:

[0038] If the energy receiving characteristics are greater than the preset receiving threshold, it is determined that the target energy storage unit has the conditions to receive residual energy, and the energy transfer channel between the marked energy storage unit and the target energy storage unit is opened to transfer the residual energy in the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit.

[0039] If the energy receiving characteristics are less than or equal to the preset receiving threshold, the energy channel remains closed and no energy transfer operation is performed.

[0040] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0041] This invention detects the last energy charge and release time of each energy storage unit, calculates the energy retention time, and marks the energy storage units. It obtains the charge and discharge cycle count and historical charge and discharge data of the marked energy storage units, determines whether to enter the energy transfer mechanism, and selects target energy storage units based on the medium type of the marked energy storage units. It analyzes the discharge current and heat exchange flow rate to determine the energy receiving characteristics, and determines whether to transfer the retained energy of the marked energy storage units to the target energy storage units based on the energy receiving characteristics. This solves the problem of efficiency decline caused by energy retention in some energy storage units during long-term operation of multi-medium energy storage units, and realizes the balance and circulation activation of the energy path. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of an energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of an energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] This invention detects the last energy charge and release time of each energy storage unit, calculates the energy retention time, and marks the energy storage units. It obtains the charge and discharge cycle count and historical charge and discharge data of the marked energy storage units, determines whether to enter the energy transfer mechanism, and selects target energy storage units based on the medium type of the marked energy storage units. It analyzes the discharge current and heat exchange flow rate to determine the energy receiving characteristics, and determines whether to transfer the retained energy of the marked energy storage units to the target energy storage units based on the energy receiving characteristics. This solves the problem of efficiency decline caused by energy retention in some energy storage units during long-term operation of multi-medium energy storage units, and realizes the balance and circulation activation of the energy path.

[0046] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S1: Before allocating energy to each energy storage unit, detect the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit in the last time, calculate the energy residence time based on the detection results, and screen and mark the energy storage units based on the energy residence time;

[0048] Step S2: Obtain the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit, access the historical database to obtain the historical charge-discharge data of the marked energy storage unit and analyze the energy decay rate, and determine whether to enter the energy transfer mechanism based on the number of charge-discharge cycles.

[0049] Step S3: When entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the marked energy storage unit is collected, the target energy storage unit is selected according to the energy medium type, the statistical time is set, and the current discharge current and heat exchange flow rate of the target energy storage unit are detected.

[0050] Step S4: Calculate the discharge rate using the current discharge current, evaluate the energy receiving characteristics of the target energy storage unit by combining the discharge rate and heat exchange flow rate, and determine whether to transfer the residual energy of the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit based on the energy receiving characteristics.

[0051] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0052] In step S1, before allocating energy to each energy storage unit, the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit are obtained through the energy storage management interface.

[0053] In the energy distribution and scheduling process of a multi-medium hybrid energy storage system, the energy storage unit receives external energy and charges it; the energy charging time refers to the time from when the energy storage unit starts receiving external energy to when the charging is completed in the previous energy input process; the energy release time refers to the time when the energy storage unit releases energy to the outside in the previous energy output process.

[0054] The difference between the energy release time and the energy charging time is used as the energy residence time, which reflects the difference in energy residence time of the energy storage unit in one complete energy cycle;

[0055] When energy remains stagnant for a long time, it indicates that the energy storage unit has not formed a continuous energy flow, and there may be lag or imbalance in its internal energy pathway.

[0056] The energy retention time is compared with a preset retention time threshold to filter and label energy storage units:

[0057] If the energy retention time exceeds the preset retention time threshold, the energy storage unit will be marked.

[0058] Conversely, energy storage units are not labeled.

[0059] When the energy retention time exceeds the preset retention time threshold, it indicates that the energy storage unit has not formed an effective energy release path for a long time after the last energy charge, and its internal energy is in a long-term static state. The energy storage unit may experience phenomena such as energy channel blockage or reduced reactivity. The energy storage unit is marked, and the retained energy is transferred to participate in the energy cycle again. If the energy retention time does not exceed the preset retention time threshold, it indicates that the energy storage unit has completed the charging and discharging process within the normal energy cycle, and the energy flow is continuous.

[0060] It should be noted that the energy storage management interface is a communication interface used to realize the exchange of operating status information and parameter calls of each energy storage unit, and can obtain the operating data of each energy storage unit. The preset residence time threshold can be set according to the energy cycle and the response speed of different medium energy storage units. For example, for energy storage units with a slower energy transfer rate, the preset residence time threshold can be set to a higher value.

[0061] This step analyzes the energy flow status of each energy storage unit over time, calculates the energy retention time, and marks the energy storage unit when the energy retention time exceeds the preset retention time threshold. In subsequent scheduling, the energy in the energy storage unit is given priority, ensuring that the energy channel remains continuous and active in the multi-medium hybrid energy storage system. This provides a data foundation for subsequent energy decay analysis and energy transfer mechanisms.

[0062] In step S2, the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit is obtained through the energy storage management interface. The number of charge-discharge cycles refers to the number of complete round trips of energy charging and energy release completed by the energy storage unit within its operating cycle.

[0063] Access the historical database to obtain historical charge and discharge data of the marked energy storage unit over multiple energy cycles, including discharge capacity and energy release ratio;

[0064] Among them, discharge capacity refers to the total amount of energy released to the outside by the energy storage unit in a complete energy release process. The discharge capacity of each energy cycle is sorted in chronological order, and the difference between adjacent discharge capacities is processed. The discharge capacity of the previous energy cycle minus the discharge capacity of the next energy cycle is obtained. The discharge capacity change is obtained by averaging the discharge capacity changes.

[0065] The larger the discharge decay index, the more the discharge performance of the energy storage unit continues to decline, and the weaker the energy output efficiency.

[0066] The energy release ratio refers to the ratio of the amount of energy released by an energy storage unit in one energy cycle to the amount of energy charged in the previous cycle, reflecting the degree to which the energy storage unit releases energy within the energy cycle; the energy release index is obtained by averaging the energy release ratios in each energy cycle.

[0067] The ratio of the discharge decay index and the energy release index after standardization is used as the energy decay ratio. The product of the energy decay ratio and the preset scaling factor is used as the energy decay rate of the energy storage unit, which reflects the degree of decay of the energy storage unit in terms of energy output performance and energy cycle activity.

[0068] It should be explained that the preset scaling factor can be set according to the type of energy storage unit, rated capacity, and operating temperature conditions. For example, for thermal energy storage units, the scaling factor can be set to a value proportional to the rated capacity.

[0069] The energy decay rate and the number of charge-discharge cycles were standardized to obtain the energy decay coefficient and the charge-discharge cycle coefficient, respectively.

[0070] Energy transfer characteristics are calculated by combining the energy decay coefficient and the charge / discharge cycle coefficient. ,in, It is characterized by energy transfer. , and The preset adjustment coefficient, The energy decay coefficient, This is the charge / discharge cycle coefficient;

[0071] The energy transfer characteristics are compared with a preset energy decay threshold to determine whether to initiate the energy transfer mechanism.

[0072] If the energy transfer characteristics exceed the preset energy decay threshold, the energy transfer mechanism will be activated.

[0073] Conversely, it will not enter the energy transfer mechanism;

[0074] The larger the charge-discharge cycle coefficient, the more frequent the energy storage unit is charged and discharged, and the greater the energy transfer characteristic. The larger the energy decay coefficient, the more significant the decrease in the discharge capacity of the energy storage unit, and the greater the energy transfer characteristic. The energy decay rate of the energy storage unit is accelerated, and it enters the energy transfer mechanism to transfer energy, thus extending the service life of the energy storage unit.

[0075] It should be noted that the historical database is used to store energy cycle records and operational characteristic data generated by each energy storage unit during long-term operation; the standardization processing methods include, but are not limited to, standard linear transformation based on interval scaling, Z-Score standardization based on statistics, or normalization method based on nonlinear mapping function. The application methods of standardization processing will not be elaborated here; the preset energy decay threshold can be set according to the type of energy storage medium and the stability of energy cycle; the preset adjustment coefficient can be set according to the rated energy capacity and operating temperature conditions of the energy storage unit. For example, in high-power energy storage units, the adjustment coefficient corresponding to the energy decay coefficient can be increased.

[0076] This step calculates the energy decay rate using historical charge and discharge data, and determines the energy decay status of the energy storage unit by combining the number of charge and discharge cycles. It then marks the energy storage unit to be released into the energy transfer mechanism to prevent long-term accumulation of stagnant energy, which would lead to a decrease in energy utilization and improve the operational stability and lifespan of the energy storage unit.

[0077] In step S3, when entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the marked energy storage unit is read through the structural parameter database of the marked energy storage unit. The energy medium type refers to the form of energy storage medium used inside the marked energy storage unit, including electrochemical energy medium and thermal energy medium.

[0078] It should be noted that the structural parameter database is a collection used to store the inherent physical properties and design parameters of all energy storage units. It is initialized when the energy storage unit is connected, and its data comes from the technical specifications of the equipment manufacturer and remains unchanged during testing and operation.

[0079] Target energy storage units are selected based on the type of energy medium. The energy medium type of all energy storage units is matched with the energy medium type of the marked energy storage units. Energy storage units that can transfer energy are selected as target energy storage units. Specifically, when the marked energy storage unit is an electrochemical energy medium type, an electrochemical energy storage unit with electrical energy receiving capability or a hybrid energy storage unit with an electrical-thermal coupling interface is selected as the target energy storage unit. When the marked energy storage unit is a thermal energy medium type, an energy storage unit with heat absorption capability or a heat-to-electric conversion module is selected as the target energy storage unit.

[0080] After the target energy storage units are screened, a statistical time is set. The statistical time is the time window for energy data acquisition and calculation. It is used to perform time averaging on the operating parameters of the target energy storage units in order to reduce the impact of instantaneous fluctuations.

[0081] The value of the statistical time is determined based on the response time and energy exchange cycle of the target energy storage unit. For example, for electrochemical energy storage units with short response times, the value of the statistical time ranges from 1 to 5 seconds; for thermal energy storage units with long response times, the value of the statistical time ranges from 10 to 60 seconds.

[0082] After setting the statistical time, the current discharge current and heat exchange flow rate of the target energy storage unit are detected:

[0083] Specifically, the discharge current of the target energy storage unit is detected by a current sensor installed at the power interface at the output end of the target energy storage unit;

[0084] The instantaneous current signal passing through the power interface at the output end of the target energy storage unit is continuously collected within a statistical time period to obtain the discharge current sequence;

[0085] The average value of the discharge current sequence is calculated to obtain the average discharge current. The average discharge current is used as the current discharge current of the target energy storage unit to characterize the energy release intensity of the target energy storage unit within the statistical period.

[0086] It should be noted that a current sensor is a measuring element used to detect the magnitude and direction of current in a circuit in real time. It converts the current signal flowing through a conductor into a measurable voltage signal through the principle of resistance voltage drop, thereby realizing the detection of current.

[0087] The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is obtained by detecting the mass flow rate of the energy medium passing through the heat exchange loop in the target energy storage unit using a heat exchange flow sensor installed on the fluid channel of the heat exchange pipeline.

[0088] The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is continuously measured within the statistical time period, and the average value of all instantaneous heat exchange flow rates within the statistical time period is taken as the heat exchange flow rate.

[0089] The larger the heat exchange flow rate, the higher the fluid velocity and heat transfer efficiency of the target energy storage unit in the heat energy path, and the stronger its ability to receive and retain energy; conversely, the smaller the heat exchange flow rate, the heavier the load on the heat energy transmission channel of the target energy storage unit or the lower the heat exchange efficiency, and the weaker the energy receiving capacity.

[0090] It should be noted that the heat exchange flow sensor adopts the form of vortex flow meter, thermal mass flow meter or electromagnetic flow meter, and is selected and configured according to the type of heat exchange medium of the target energy storage unit (such as liquid heat transfer oil, water or air). The heat exchange flow sensor senses the change in the flow rate of the heat exchange medium of the target energy storage unit through internal detection elements (such as vortex generator, thermistor or electromagnetic induction coil), and calculates the instantaneous heat exchange flow rate in combination with the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe.

[0091] In step S4, the discharge rate is calculated using the current discharge current. This rate is used to characterize the ratio between the energy release rate of the target energy storage unit under the current operating state and its rated capacity, reflecting the energy transfer capability of the target energy storage unit.

[0092] Specifically, the discharge rate is obtained by dividing the current discharge current by the rated capacity of the target energy storage unit;

[0093] The rated capacity refers to the rated electrical capacity of the target energy storage unit recorded in the structural parameter database.

[0094] The lower the discharge rate, the higher the energy receiving capacity and the lower the discharge load intensity of the target energy storage unit, making it suitable as an energy transfer target; conversely, the higher the discharge rate, the higher the target energy storage unit is in a high-load discharge state and does not have the conditions for energy receiving.

[0095] The heat exchange flow rate and discharge rate are standardized to obtain the heat exchange flow rate factor and discharge rate factor.

[0096] The ratio of heat exchange flow factor to discharge rate factor is used as the energy receiving characteristic of the target energy storage unit, reflecting the comprehensive ability of the target energy storage unit to absorb external energy under the current state. The larger the value, the stronger the energy receiving potential of the target energy storage unit, and the more suitable it is to accept the transfer of retained energy. Conversely, the smaller the value, the weaker the thermal energy receiving ability of the target energy storage unit, and the less suitable it is for thermal energy transfer.

[0097] Compare the energy reception characteristics with a preset reception threshold:

[0098] If the energy receiving characteristics are greater than the preset receiving threshold, it is determined that the target energy storage unit has the conditions to receive retained energy. The energy transfer channel between the marked energy storage unit and the target energy storage unit is opened, and the retained energy in the marked energy storage unit is transferred to the target energy storage unit, so as to achieve dynamic balance of energy path and effective release of retained energy.

[0099] If the energy receiving characteristics are less than or equal to the preset receiving threshold, the energy channel remains closed and no energy transfer operation is performed.

[0100] It should be noted that the receiving threshold is a reference standard used to determine whether the target energy storage unit has the ability to receive and retain energy. The maximum energy capacity that the target energy storage unit can receive is determined based on its rated capacity and rated heat exchange flow rate, and then the receiving threshold is set using the percentile method.

[0101] Through the above process, based on the real-time discharge rate and heat exchange flow status of the target energy storage unit, its energy receiving characteristics are quantitatively evaluated, thereby achieving optimized control of the energy flow path within the cross-medium energy storage system.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0103] Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0104] In this document, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that terms such as “comprising / including” or “having” specify the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0105] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can be referred to each other.

[0106] The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use various modifications to these embodiments. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the energy path of a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: Before allocating energy to each energy storage unit, detect the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit in the last time, calculate the energy residence time based on the detection results, and screen and mark the energy storage units based on the energy residence time; Step S2: Obtain the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit, access the historical database to obtain the historical charge-discharge data of the marked energy storage unit and analyze the energy decay rate, and determine whether to enter the energy transfer mechanism based on the number of charge-discharge cycles. In step S2, the number of charge-discharge cycles of the marked energy storage unit is obtained through the energy storage management interface; Access the historical database to obtain historical charge and discharge data of the marked energy storage unit over multiple energy cycles, including discharge capacity and energy release ratio; The discharge capacity is the total amount of energy released to the outside by the energy storage unit in one complete energy release process. The discharge capacity of each energy cycle is sorted in chronological order, and the discharge decay index is calculated from the sorted discharge capacity. In step S2, the energy release ratio is the ratio of the amount of energy released by the energy storage unit in one energy cycle to the amount of energy charged in the previous cycle. The energy release index is obtained by comprehensively calculating the proportions of each energy release. The ratio of the discharge decay index and the energy release index after standardization is taken as the energy decay ratio, and the product of the energy decay ratio and the preset scaling factor is taken as the energy decay rate of the energy storage unit. In step S2, the energy decay rate and the number of charge-discharge cycles are standardized to obtain the energy decay coefficient and the charge-discharge cycle coefficient, respectively. The energy storage characteristics are calculated by combining the energy decay coefficient and the charge / discharge cycle coefficient. ,in, It is characterized by energy transfer. , and The preset adjustment coefficient, The energy decay coefficient, This is the charge / discharge cycle coefficient; If the energy transfer characteristics exceed the preset energy decay threshold, the energy transfer mechanism will be activated. Conversely, it will not enter the energy transfer mechanism; Step S3: When entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the marked energy storage unit is collected, the target energy storage unit is selected according to the energy medium type, the statistical time is set, and the current discharge current and heat exchange flow rate of the target energy storage unit are detected. Step S4: Calculate the discharge rate using the current discharge current, evaluate the energy receiving characteristics of the target energy storage unit by combining the discharge rate and heat exchange flow rate, and determine whether to transfer the residual energy of the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit based on the energy receiving characteristics.

2. The energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the energy charging time and energy release time of each energy storage unit are obtained through the energy storage management interface; The difference between the energy release time and the energy charging time is taken as the energy residence time; If the energy retention time exceeds the preset retention time threshold, the energy storage unit will be marked. Conversely, energy storage units are not labeled.

3. The energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when entering the energy transfer mechanism, the energy medium type of the energy storage unit is read from the structural parameter database of the energy storage unit. Energy medium type refers to the form of energy storage medium used inside the energy storage unit; Match the energy medium type of all energy storage units with the energy medium type of the marked energy storage units, and select the energy storage units that can transfer energy as target energy storage units.

4. The energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a statistical time is set, and the instantaneous current signal passing through the power interface at the output end of the target energy storage unit is continuously collected within the statistical time to obtain the discharge current sequence; Calculate the average value of the discharge current sequence to obtain the average discharge current, and use the average discharge current as the current discharge current of the target energy storage unit. The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is obtained by detecting the mass flow rate of the energy medium passing through the heat exchange loop in the target energy storage unit; The instantaneous heat exchange flow rate is continuously measured within the statistical time period, and the average value of all instantaneous heat exchange flow rates within the statistical time period is taken as the heat exchange flow rate.

5. The energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the discharge rate is obtained by dividing the current discharge current by the rated capacity of the target energy storage unit; Among them, the rated capacity is the rated electrical capacity of the target energy storage unit recorded in the structural parameter database; The heat exchange flow rate and discharge rate are standardized to obtain the heat exchange flow rate factor and discharge rate factor. The ratio of heat exchange flow factor to discharge rate factor is used as the energy receiving characteristic of the target energy storage unit.

6. The energy path optimization method for a multi-medium hybrid energy storage unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the energy receiving characteristics are compared with a preset receiving threshold: If the energy receiving characteristics are greater than the preset receiving threshold, it is determined that the target energy storage unit has the conditions to receive residual energy, and the energy transfer channel between the marked energy storage unit and the target energy storage unit is opened to transfer the residual energy in the marked energy storage unit to the target energy storage unit. If the energy receiving characteristics are less than or equal to the preset receiving threshold, the energy channel remains closed and no energy transfer operation is performed.

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