Traction structure, handle and endoscope

Abstract

This invention discloses a traction structure, a handle, and an endoscope, belonging to the field of medical device technology. It addresses the technical problems of difficulty in precision control and susceptibility to errors in the fixation of traction wheels during existing traction wheel assembly processes. The traction structure of this application includes a positioning component, movably disposed on the traction wheel and / or mounting base. The positioning component can move relative to the traction wheel between a first position and a second position. When moved to the first position, the traction wheel and the mounting base are engaged by rotational limiting through the positioning component. When moved to the second position, the rotational limiting engagement between the traction wheel and the mounting base is released. This application enables efficient and stable assembly of the traction wheel during the assembly process between the traction wheel and the mounting base, avoiding problems such as accidental rotation and radial eccentricity of the traction wheel during assembly, thus improving assembly quality and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a traction structure, a handle, and an endoscope. Background Technology

[0002] An endoscope is a commonly used medical device that can directly enter the body's natural passages, providing doctors with comprehensive diagnostic information for disease treatment. In the assembly of precision medical devices like endoscopes, the assembly of the traction wheel and lever is a crucial step in achieving the bending and directional control of its tip. Endoscopes typically contain a complex mechanical transmission system. This system, through a control knob on the operating handle, drives the traction wire, which in turn drives the curved section at the endoscope's tip to flexibly rotate up, down, left, and right. The traction wheel and lever are the core connecting components in this transmission chain: the traction wheel is responsible for winding or releasing the traction wire, while the lever translates the operator's rotational movements into precise rotation of the traction wheel.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional assembly of traction wheels relies heavily on manual operation, using tools such as tweezers and microscopes to position and fix tiny parts. This method is not only inefficient but also highly susceptible to damage, misalignment, or uneven preload due to human factors (such as hand tremors or improper force control). For example, during the engagement of the traction wheel with the drive mechanism (such as a lever), the traction wheel and its mating components are extremely small (often on the order of millimeters or even smaller), making it highly prone to misalignment due to hand tremors or improper force control during manual operation. If the traction wheel itself is not fixed during assembly, the applied assembly force (such as pressing or pushing) may cause it to rotate unexpectedly, move axially, or become radially eccentric, introducing unnecessary internal stress. Traction wheels are typically made of precision metal or engineering plastics. If not effectively fixed during assembly, hard contact or friction with other parts may cause scratches, deformation, or edge chipping. The rotation center of the traction wheel must be strictly coaxial with the center of its drive shaft and support bearing. If the traction wheel floats during assembly, it is difficult to guarantee the final coaxiality, affecting the smoothness of the transmission.

[0004] Existing technologies typically employ the following methods to secure traction wheels: operators use precision tweezers, probes, or miniature clamps to externally grip or hold the traction wheel. This method is highly dependent on operator skill, suffers from inconsistent performance, and can easily lead to operator fatigue. The clamping force is difficult to control precisely; excessive force can damage the parts, while insufficient force results in insecure fixation. The clamps may obstruct vision or operating space, affecting assembly accuracy. Furthermore, it is inefficient and unsuitable for mass production.

[0005] Alternatively, operators can use extremely low-tack temporary adhesive or a vacuum pen to adhere the traction wheel. Adhesives may contaminate precision components, affecting subsequent functionality or biosafety. Adhesive strength is greatly affected by surface smoothness and cleanliness, and it is prone to detachment. This adds extra steps (application, cleaning).

[0006] The lack of efficient, stable, automated, or semi-automated assembly solutions in current technologies makes it difficult to guarantee product consistency, resulting in a high defect rate and increased maintenance and rework costs. Therefore, optimizing the positioning of the traction wheel during assembly and addressing the existing problems of difficulty in controlling the fixing accuracy of the traction wheel, reliance on manual labor, and susceptibility to errors has become a critical technological bottleneck that urgently needs to be overcome in the field of endoscope manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application discloses a traction structure, a handle, and an endoscope to solve the technical problems in the related art, such as the difficulty in precision control of fixing the traction wheel during the assembly process, reliance on manual labor, and susceptibility to errors.

[0008] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, this application proposes a traction structure for an endoscope. The endoscope includes a mounting base and a traction wheel, the traction wheel being rotatably mounted on the mounting base about a first axis.

[0010] The traction structure also includes a positioning element, which is movably disposed on the traction wheel and / or mounting base. The positioning element can move relative to the traction wheel between a first position and a second position. When moved to the first position, the traction wheel and the mounting base are rotated and limited by the positioning element. When moved to the second position, the traction wheel and the mounting base are released from the rotational limiting engagement.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides a handle, including the traction structure of the first aspect. This handle has the same technical features as the traction mechanism provided in this application and can achieve the same technical effects, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0012] Thirdly, this application provides an endoscope, including a traction structure as described in the first aspect and a handle as described in the second aspect. This endoscope has the same technical features as the traction mechanism and handle provided in this application, and can achieve the same technical effects, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0013] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This application achieves rotational locking and unlocking of the traction wheel relative to the mounting base by moving the positioning component. When applied in the assembly process, it enables efficient and stable assembly of the traction wheel to the mounting base, avoiding problems such as accidental rotation and radial eccentricity of the traction wheel during assembly, thus improving assembly quality and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the endoscope in some embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the endoscope in some embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section schematic diagram of the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the functional devices and positioning elements in the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the functional components in the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the traction wheel in the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the traction wheel in the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positioning element in the traction structure in some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the layout after the avoidance section has been installed;

[0025] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the layout after the avoidance section has been installed;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a longitudinal section schematic diagram of the positioning component and the traction wheel in some embodiments of the traction structure of this application;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first state of functional device assembly in some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 13 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second state of functional device assembly in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 14 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the third state of functional device assembly in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 15 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fourth state of functional device assembly in some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 16 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fifth state of functional device assembly in some embodiments of this application.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 10. Handle; 20. Insertion part;

[0034] 100. Functional component; 110. Fastening arm; 120. Elastic element; 130. Insertion part; 140. Sealing ring; 150. First limiting assembly; 160. Limiting surface; 170. First limiting structure; 180. Actuating part; 190. Positioning element; 191. Protrusion; 192. Limiting end face; 193. Clearance part;

[0035] 200, Traction wheel; 210, Fastening part; 220, Cable groove; 230, Socket part; 240, Second limiting structure; 250, First guiding structure;

[0036] 300, Mounting base; 310, Second limiting component; 320, Base; 330, Mounting hole; 340, Second guide structure;

[0037] 400. Embedded components. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] In the various embodiments of this application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the position of the endoscope and its components and accessories relative to the user in the usage environment. The end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end", and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0041] During the assembly of the endoscope traction wheel, if the traction wheel itself is not fixed, the applied assembly force (such as pressing or pushing) may cause it to rotate unexpectedly, move axially, or become radially eccentric, introducing unnecessary internal stress. If the traction wheel is not effectively fixed during assembly, hard contact or friction with other parts may cause scratches, deformation, or edge chipping. The rotation center of the traction wheel must be strictly coaxial with the center of its drive shaft and support bearing. If the traction wheel floats during assembly, it is difficult to guarantee the final coaxiality, affecting the smoothness of transmission. The traditional assembly process of the traction wheel relies heavily on manual operation, using tools such as tweezers and microscopes to position and fix tiny parts. This method is not only inefficient and inconsistent, but also highly susceptible to damage, positional displacement, or uneven preload due to human factors (such as hand tremors or improper force control).

[0042] This application uses a positioning component in the first position to limit the rotation of the traction wheel and the mounting base, which can effectively prevent accidental deflection, axial movement, and radial eccentricity of the traction wheel during assembly. After assembly, the positioning component moves to the second state, releasing the rotation limit between the traction wheel and the mounting base, thus releasing the traction wheel from its fixation and not hindering its normal use.

[0043] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 16 The traction structure, handle, and endoscope provided in this application will be described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-16 This application proposes a traction structure for use with an endoscope, the endoscope including a mounting base 300 and a traction wheel 200, the traction wheel 200 being rotatably mounted on the mounting base 300 about a first axis a. Exemplarily, the rim of the traction wheel 200 has an annular groove for accommodating a traction cable (such as a steel wire rope). The distal end of the traction cable is connected to a curved portion of the endoscope, thereby converting the rotational motion of the traction wheel 200 into the bending of the distal curved portion of the endoscope, achieving precise control of the viewing direction. The mounting base 300 also includes a drive mechanism (manually driven), the output shaft of which is connected to the traction wheel 200 for driving the traction wheel 200 to rotate precisely about the first axis a, thereby achieving precise extension and retraction of the traction cable connected to the traction wheel 200, and thus controlling the movement of the distal curved portion of the endoscope.

[0045] Reference Figures 2-11In some embodiments, the traction mechanism further includes a positioning member 190, which is movably disposed on the traction wheel 200 and / or the mounting base 300. The positioning member 190 has two states relative to the traction wheel 200: a first position and a second position, and can move between the first and second positions. When the positioning member 190 is in the first position, the traction wheel 200 is rotatably limited in the direction of the mounting base 300 via the positioning member 190. When the positioning member 190 is in the second position, the traction wheel 200 is released from the rotational limitation engagement with the mounting base 300. Exemplarily, the positioning member 190 is a locking pin or pawl that can slide radially or axially, and the end face or hub of the traction wheel 200 is provided with at least one limiting groove, and the mounting base 300 is provided with a corresponding limiting hole or stop. When the positioning member 190 moves to the first position, it is at least partially inserted between the limiting groove and the limiting hole, preventing the traction wheel 200 from rotating around the first axis a; when the positioning member 190 moves to the second position, it exits from the limiting groove, and the traction wheel 200 resumes free rotation.

[0046] During the assembly of the traction wheel 200, the positioning element 190 can be used to lock the traction wheel 200, which facilitates the assembly of the traction rope. In some embodiments, in order to achieve the assembly accuracy of the traction wheel 200 and the traction rope, it is necessary to maintain a preset tension in the traction rope during the assembly of the traction wheel 200. Therefore, in this embodiment, the tension of the traction rope can be adjusted after the traction wheel is fixed by the positioning element 190 to facilitate the assembly of the traction rope.

[0047] For example, the positioning element 190 is slidably disposed within the guide groove of the mounting base 300, and one end of it can selectively engage with multiple circumferentially distributed positioning slots on the traction wheel 200. When the positioning element 190 is engaged with the slot (i.e., the positioning element 190 is in the first position), the traction wheel 200 is circumferentially limited and cannot rotate; when the positioning element 190 is disengaged from the slot (i.e., the positioning element 190 returns to the second position), the traction wheel 200 can rotate freely. This structure can achieve multi-position angle locking, improving control accuracy.

[0048] The positioning component 190 can move in various ways, including but not limited to: translating along a direction perpendicular to the first axis a, rotating or swinging around a second axis parallel to the first axis a, or sliding along the first axis a. The driving methods for moving the positioning component 190 include, but are not limited to: direct manual pushing, pushing through the relative movement of components during assembly, or pushing through a built-in electric push rod, to adapt to different usage requirements.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rotational locking and unlocking of the traction wheel 200 relative to the mounting base 300 are achieved by moving the positioning member 190. When applied to the assembly process, this allows for efficient and stable assembly of the traction wheel 200 to the mounting base 300, avoiding problems such as accidental rotation and radial eccentricity of the traction wheel 200 during assembly, thus improving assembly quality and efficiency.

[0050] Reference Figures 2-11 In some embodiments, when the positioning member 190 is in the first position, it simultaneously engages with both the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 in a rotational limiting engagement along the first axis a, meaning the traction wheel 200 is rotationally limited by the positioning member 190 and the mounting base 300 in the direction of the first axis a. When the positioning member 190 is in the second position, it releases the rotational limiting engagement with at least one of the mounting base 300 and the traction wheel 200, meaning the traction wheel 200 is released from the rotational limiting engagement with the mounting base 300. For example, the positioning member 190 is a locking pin that slides radially, with one end insertable into a limiting hole on the outer edge of the traction wheel 200 hub, and the other end simultaneously embedded in a corresponding limiting groove or stop structure on the mounting base 300. When the positioning element 190 is in the first position, it simultaneously engages the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300, forming a rigid connection and preventing the traction wheel 200 from rotating around the first axis a; when the positioning element 190 is operated to the second position (such as sliding outward), it exits at least from the limiting hole of the traction wheel 200 or the limiting groove of the mounting base 300, releasing the rotation constraint, and the traction wheel 200 resumes free rotation.

[0051] For example, the positioning element 190 is an annular or fan-shaped slider that slides axially along the first axis a. It has protruding teeth on the side facing the traction wheel 200, and the corresponding end face of the traction wheel 200 has an annular toothed groove. The mounting base 300 has a fixed toothed ring or a limiting stop tooth. When the positioning element 190 slides to the first position, its protruding teeth simultaneously engage the toothed groove of the traction wheel 200 and the fixed teeth of the mounting base 300, achieving circumferential locking of the three. When it slides to the second position, the protruding teeth disengage from at least one of them (preferably simultaneously), allowing the traction wheel 200 to rotate freely. This structure enables multi-angle position locking, improving adjustment accuracy.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the positioning member 190 is in the first position, it simultaneously engages with the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 to fix the traction wheel 200 relative to the mounting base 300 in a rotational limiting manner. When the positioning member 190 is in the second position, it only needs to release the rotational limiting engagement with at least one of the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 to release the rotational limiting of the traction wheel 200 relative to the mounting base 300, thus simplifying the structure of the positioning member 190.

[0053] Reference Figures 2-11 In some embodiments, the positioning element 190 is always limited in rotation with the traction wheel 200, and the system locking / releasing is achieved only by switching its engagement state with the mounting base 300. For example, the positioning element 190 is a locking pin that slides radially. The body of the positioning element 190 has protrusions or teeth that always engage with the annular groove or keyway on the hub of the traction wheel 200, thereby achieving circumferential synchronous rotation. When the positioning element 190 slides to the first position, its outer end inserts into the limiting hole or stop provided on the mounting base 300, forming an anti-rotation constraint. When it slides to the second position, its outer end exits the limiting structure of the mounting base 300, releasing the lock, and the traction wheel 200 can rotate freely. This structure is intuitive to operate and provides reliable locking.

[0054] For example, the positioning element 190 is located on a lever that rotates about a first axis a. The lever is fixedly connected to the traction wheel 200 via a pin or spline and always rotates with the wheel. The positioning element 190 is a hook or boss that is movable relative to the mounting base 300, and the mounting base 300 has a corresponding slot. When the positioning element 190 is in the first position, the hook engages with the slot, locking the lever and the mounting base 300 circumferentially through the positioning element 190, and then locking the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 circumferentially through the lever. When the positioning element 190 moves to the second position, the hook disengages from the slot, releasing the lever from its restriction relative to the mounting base 300, and simultaneously releasing the traction wheel 200 from its restriction relative to the mounting base 300. This structure occupies little axial space and is suitable for applications in confined spaces such as the endoscope handle 10.

[0055] For example, the positioning element 190 is an arc-shaped friction shoe hinged to the mounting base 300, with a torsion spring at its pivot point, which constantly presses against the outer edge of the traction wheel 200; the friction shoe and the mounting base 300 are matched through a shaft hole to achieve rotational limitation. In the first position (natural state), the friction shoe presses against the traction wheel 200, limiting its rotation through static friction (it can be designed to be completely locked or provide controllable damping); when the operator moves the operating lever to swing the friction shoe to the second position, it disengages from the contact surface of the traction wheel 200, and the traction wheel 200 resumes free rotation.

[0056] For example, the positioning element 190 is an annular toothed sleeve that can slide along the first axis a. Its inner wall is connected to the mounting base 300 through a spline or guide rail to ensure synchronous rotation. The outer edge of the traction wheel 200 is provided with annularly distributed positioning teeth. When the toothed sleeve slides to the first position, its inner teeth mesh with a tooth groove of the traction wheel 200 to achieve circumferential locking. When the toothed sleeve slides to the second position, the toothed sleeve completely disengages from the teeth of the traction wheel 200, and the traction wheel 200 can rotate freely.

[0057] For example, the positioning element 190 is the armature portion of the electromagnetic braking assembly, with its sliding base fixed to the mounting base 300 and restricting its rotation. When energized (corresponding to the first position), the electromagnetic force drives the armature to press against the braking surface of the traction wheel 200 or embed into its limiting groove, achieving rigid locking. When de-energized (corresponding to the second position), the return spring pulls the armature back, completely disengaging it from the traction wheel 200, allowing the traction wheel 200 to enter a free state without resistance. This structure offers rapid response, no mechanical wear, and remote program control, making it suitable for electric endoscopes or surgical robot systems.

[0058] In this embodiment, the traction wheel 200 only needs to provide a locking interface (such as a hole, slot, or tooth) and does not need to support moving parts, which simplifies the structure of the traction wheel 200 and makes the traction wheel 200 lightweight. The positioning component 190 is based on the mounting base 300, with high locking rigidity and strong vibration resistance and anti-drift capability. The maintenance cost is low, and the wear parts (such as pins and friction plates) are concentrated on the mounting base 300 side, so replacement does not require disassembling the traction wheel 200 or the transmission system. It has strong adaptability and can be easily expanded to various drive forms such as manual and electric.

[0059] Reference Figures 2-11 In some embodiments, the positioning member 190 is normally kept in a rotational limiting position with the mounting base 300 (i.e., "base fixed"). In the first position, it "extends / engages" the traction wheel 200 to achieve locking; in the second position, it "simultaneously disengages" from the mounting base 300 and the traction wheel 200 to achieve complete release. For example, the positioning member 190 is an independent locking pin that slides along a direction perpendicular to the first axis a. Its sliding trajectory is constrained by a guide groove on the mounting base 300, ensuring that it remains in a rotational limiting engagement with the mounting base 300 during movement (i.e., it cannot rotate). When sliding to the first position, one end of the locking pin is inserted into a limiting hole on the rim of the traction wheel 200, and the other end is engaged in a fixed stop in the mounting base 300, thereby rigidly connecting the traction wheel 200 to the mounting base 300 to achieve rotational locking. When sliding to the second position, the locking pin completely exits the limiting hole of the traction wheel 200 and the stop of the mounting base 300, releasing the rotational limiting engagement with both, leaving the traction wheel 200 in a completely free state and allowing it to rotate without resistance.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the positioning component 190 is in the second position, it has no contact with the system, and the traction wheel 200 rotates without any friction or resistance, making adjustment easier. The positioning component 190 is an independent module, and can be replaced separately after wear without affecting the traction wheel 200 or the main body of the mounting base 300. In the unlocked state of the traction wheel 200, the traction wheel 200 itself has no additional mass and rotates with the system, which is beneficial for control stability. The double unlocking ensures that the traction wheel 200 is completely unrestrained in the unlocked state, significantly improving the adjustment sensitivity and operation smoothness of the traction wheel 200, while achieving reliable locking through the rigid bridging of the first position.

[0061] Reference Figures 1-5 and Figures 12-16 In some embodiments, the traction structure further includes a functional device 100, which is disposed on the mounting base 300 and / or the traction wheel 200. During the assembly of the functional device 100, at least a portion of the positioning member 190 is located on the movement path of the functional device 100, and the functional device 100 can push the positioning member 190 from a first position to a second position. For example, the functional device 100 is an operating knob or lever for controlling the rotation of the traction wheel 200. The functional device 100 is installed on the end of the traction wheel 200 through a shaft hole fit or a snap-fit ​​structure. During the process of pushing the functional device 100 axially into the mounting position, its inner edge boss or inclined structure abuts against the pushed part of the positioning member 190 (such as the tail end of the lever or the side wall of the slider), forcing the positioning member 190 to move from the first position (locked state) to the second position (released state), thereby releasing the rotation limit of the traction wheel 200 and allowing the operating knob or lever to freely drive the traction wheel 200. In this embodiment, the design enables assembly and unlocking simultaneously, integrating the assembly and operation processes, simplifying the positioning and unlocking process during assembly, and ensuring effective fixation of the traction wheel 200 during assembly.

[0062] In this embodiment, the operator does not need to perform any additional operations. The position state switching of the positioning component 190 is automatically completed through the installation action of the functional component 100, which improves the assembly efficiency of the traction wheel 200 and the unlocking efficiency of the positioning component 190. When the functional component 100 is not installed, the positioning component 190 remains locked to avoid unexpected adjustments. Moreover, through this method of locking when not installed and unlocking when installed, the functional component 100 is forced to be installed first, and then the traction wheel 200 is unlocked, preventing damage to the traction wheel 200 due to incorrect assembly sequence. This allows for quick disassembly, quick installation, and plug-and-play functionality, improving assembly efficiency.

[0063] In this embodiment, the assembly of the functional device 100 is used as the driving source to realize the automatic switching of the state of the positioning component 190, which not only simplifies the installation process, but also forms a safety mechanism of not unlocking if not installed.

[0064] Reference Figure 3 , Figures 12-16In some embodiments, when the positioning member 190 is in the second position, the positioning member 190 can engage with at least one of the mounting base 300, the traction wheel 200, and the functional device 100 at an upper limit on the movement path of the positioning member 190 to restrict the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position. For example, the positioning member 190 is provided with an elastic hook that automatically engages in a limiting groove on the outer wall of the functional device 100 when pushed to the second position by the functional device 100, thereby restricting the positioning member 190 from moving back to the first position; only when the functional device 100 is actively disassembled or a release button is pressed, the hook disengages from the groove, and the positioning member 190 can return to the first position under the action of a return spring. This structure ensures that the traction wheel 200 is always adjustable while the functional device 100 is in position.

[0065] For example, the positioning member 190 is slidably disposed within the guide groove of the mounting base 300, the guide groove having a stop boss or a limiting shoulder at the second position; when the positioning member 190 is pushed to the second position, the positioning member 190 contacts the stop boss and forms an axial limit, preventing the positioning member 190 from sliding to the first position without external force. The operator needs to apply a reverse thrust or operate the unlocking mechanism to release the limit.

[0066] For example, the mounting portion of the functional device 100 is provided with a bidirectional limiting push block: during assembly, the front end of the push block pushes the positioning member 190 to the second position; after it is in place, the side wall or rear edge of the push block abuts against the limiting surface 160 on the positioning member 190, forming a bidirectional constraint, which prevents it from moving forward (losing from the functional device 100) and also prevents the positioning member 190 from returning to the first position. This design ensures that the positioning member 190 is strictly kept in the second position while the functional device 100 is in place, improving the stability of the unlocked state of the traction wheel 200.

[0067] For example, the positioning element 190 is driven by an electromagnetic actuator. When it moves to the second position, the position sensor triggers the control unit to maintain the electromagnet energized, keeping the armature in an engaged state, thereby restricting the positioning element 190 from moving to the first position. Only when the functional device 100 is removed or the system issues a ready-to-lock command, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the positioning element 190 resets under the action of a spring. This structure achieves electrically controlled temporary locking and is suitable for automated or robot-assisted endoscopy systems.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the positioning component 190 is pushed to the second position (unlocked state), it will not automatically or accidentally slide back to the first position. Instead, it will temporarily lock into the second position by forming a limiting engagement with at least one peripheral component (mounting base 300, traction wheel 200, functional device 100) until the operator actively releases it. This design effectively prevents the positioning component 190 from accidentally springing back during assembly, causing the traction wheel 200 to jam and resulting in installation errors or damage. It also effectively prevents the positioning component 190 from locking the traction wheel 200 due to vibration or accidental contact during adjustment, thus preventing the traction wheel 200 from being adjusted, causing overload or sudden angle changes in the traction cable, and improving operational reliability. This design also ensures that the positioning component 190 will not prematurely reset before the functional device 100 is fully installed, avoiding forced assembly that could damage the structure.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figures 12-16 In some embodiments, the functional device 100 has a first limiting structure 170 that engages with the positioning member 190 on its movement path. When the positioning member 190 is in a second position, the first limiting structure 170 engages with the positioning member 190 and restricts the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position. Exemplarily, the first limiting structure 170 is a composite limiting portion disposed on the installation path of the functional device 100. During the movement of the functional device 100 along the assembly direction, the first limiting structure 170 contacts and pushes the positioning member 190, allowing it to smoothly transition from the first position to the second position. When the functional device 100 is fully installed, the limiting end face 192 of the positioning member 190 remains in contact with the first limiting structure 170, forming a rigid axial constraint and preventing it from moving back to the first position. The first limiting structure 170 performs both push-unlock and self-locking functions in a single stroke, eliminating the need for additional springs, latches, or electromagnetic retaining mechanisms. It is compact, reliable, and particularly suitable for space-constrained endoscope handle 10 structures.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first limiting structure 170 completes the pushing displacement and end-point self-locking in the same structure, eliminating the need for additional springs, buckles, electromagnets, or other holding mechanisms, thus reducing costs and assembly complexity. The first limiting structure 170 simultaneously unlocks and maintains the state of the traction wheel 200 in a single assembly action, which not only significantly simplifies the mechanism's complexity but also fundamentally avoids the safety risks caused by the failure of additional locking components.

[0071] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figures 12-16In some embodiments, at least one of the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 is provided with a guide structure, the positioning member 190 is slidably engaged with the guide structure, and the positioning member 190 can move along the guide structure between a first position and a second position. Exemplarily, the guide structure is a straight guide groove provided on the inner wall or side plate of the mounting base 300, extending along the movement path of the positioning member 190 from the first position to the second position; the positioning member 190 is provided with a matching sliding boss or guide rail portion, the two forming a clearance fit or a low-friction sliding pair. Under the push of the functional device 100 or manual operation, the positioning member 190 can smoothly slide along the guide groove, ensuring precise switching between the first position (locked state) and the second position (released state) without wobbling or jamming.

[0072] For example, the guiding structure is an arc-shaped or linear guide rail groove formed on the outer edge of the hub of the traction wheel 200, and the positioning member 190 is provided with a guide pin embedded in the groove; when the positioning member 190 is driven by an external force, the guide pin slides along the guide rail groove, guiding the positioning member 190 to move from a first position to a second position on a preset path; limit blocks can be provided at both ends of the guide rail groove to prevent overtravel and disengagement. This design integrates the guiding structure onto the moving part (traction wheel 200), saving space in the mounting base 300, and is suitable for the radially compact handle 10 structure.

[0073] In this embodiment, the guiding structure ensures that the positioning component 190 has a unique path and no deviation between the first and second positions, thus guaranteeing the reliability of the locking and releasing of the positioning component 190 to the traction wheel 200. The guiding structure can also effectively prevent the positioning component 190 from shaking or tilting under force or vibration, avoiding jamming or functional failure of the positioning component 190. The guiding structure can absorb some manufacturing or assembly errors, improving the yield rate. The smooth guide provides a good operating feel and reduces the assembly difficulty for the assembler.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figures 12-16In some embodiments, the guiding structure includes a first guiding structure 250 disposed on the traction wheel 200 and a second guiding structure 340 disposed on the mounting base 300. Exemplarily, the first guiding structure 250 and the second guiding structure 340 are guide grooves coaxially connected along the moving direction of the positioning member 190, and the positioning member 190 is provided with a protrusion 191 that slides with the guide groove. Exemplarily, the first guiding structure 250 and the second guiding structure 340 are arranged in several groups circumferentially around the positioning member 190. While axially guiding the positioning member 190, the several groups of first guiding structures 250 and second guiding structures 340 can also circumferentially limit the positioning member 190, achieving a more stable rotational limiting engagement between the positioning member 190 and the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the positioning member 190 moves between the first position and the second position, the sliding of the protrusion 191 on the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340 ensures a unique and unbiased movement path, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the positioning member 190 in locking and releasing the traction wheel 200. Furthermore, the rotational limiting engagement of the positioning member 190 with the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 can also be achieved through the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340, simplifying the structure and improving assembly efficiency.

[0076] Reference Figure 3 , Figures 11-16 In some embodiments, the functional device 100 is rotatably engaged with the mounting base 300, and the functional device 100 can rotate about the first axis a relative to the mounting base 300; the functional device 100 is rotatably limited in engagement with the traction wheel 200, and the functional device 100 can drive the traction wheel 200 to rotate. For example, the functional device 100 is a lever, whose rotating shaft is rotatably engaged with the mounting base 300 via a bearing or bushing, allowing the functional device 100 to rotate freely about the first axis a; the output end of the lever's rotating shaft is provided with an external spline or D-shaped shaft structure, and the center of the traction wheel 200 is provided with a matching internal spline or D-shaped hole, the two forming a rotational limiting engagement; when the operator rotates the lever, power is directly transmitted to the traction wheel 200, causing it to rotate synchronously, thereby controlling the angle of the bending portion by extending or retracting the traction cable.

[0077] In this embodiment, the functional device 100 is directly configured as a lever or operating knob for controlling the rotation of the traction wheel 200. The functional device 100 is directly assembled with the traction wheel 200 to achieve rotational limiting engagement. Furthermore, the assembly process of the functional device 100 corresponds to the positioning and unlocking process of the traction wheel 200. Before the assembly of the functional device 100 is completed, the traction wheel 200 maintains a rotational limiting engagement with the mounting base 300 through the positioning member 190. After the functional device 100 is assembled, the positioning member 190 moves to the second position and remains there, representing the completed assembly state of the functional device 100, corresponding to the unlocked state of the traction wheel 200 relative to the mounting base 300. This achieves simultaneous assembly and unlocking of the lever, integrating the assembly and operation processes, simplifying the positioning and unlocking process during assembly, and ensuring effective fixation of the traction wheel 200 during assembly.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figures 11-16 In some embodiments, the positioning element 190 is simultaneously rotated and limited in position with the functional device 100 and the traction wheel 200, and the functional device 100 is rotated and limited in position with the traction wheel 200 through the positioning element 190. Specifically, during assembly, the positioning element 190 is disposed between the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300; the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340 are disposed in the direction of the first axis a, and the positioning element 190 can slide axially within this space, forming a rotational limiting engagement with the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 respectively. When the positioning member 190 is in the first position, it is simultaneously embedded in the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340, achieving circumferential fixation of the positioning member 190, the mounting base 300, and the traction wheel 200, locking the traction wheel 200 and preventing it from rotating. When the positioning member 190 is driven to the second position, it slides along the direction of the first axis a, disengaging from the second guide structure 340, but still maintains a rotational limiting engagement with the traction wheel 200 through the first guide structure 250. At this time, the functional device 100 can drive the traction wheel 200 to rotate through the positioning member 190, thereby enabling the lever to drive the rotation of the traction wheel 200, and thus controlling the bending of the curved tube of the endoscope insertion part 20. The positioning member 190, while having the function of positioning and unlocking the traction wheel 200 relative to the mounting base 300, also has the function of transmitting power between the lever and the traction wheel 200, so that the lever drives the traction wheel 200 to rotate.

[0079] In this embodiment, while the positioning component 190 controls the positioning and unlocking state of the traction wheel 200, the functional device 100 can also control the rotation of the traction wheel 200 through the positioning component 190, without the need for an additional transmission mechanism, thus simplifying the traction structure and ensuring safety and reliability.

[0080] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, the traction wheel 200 is provided with a second limiting structure 240, and the functional device 100 is provided with a limiting surface 160 that rotates and limits the second limiting structure 240 in the direction of the first axis a. For example, the second limiting structure 240 is an internal spline gear ring disposed on the inner wall of the central through hole of the traction wheel 200, and the output shaft of the functional device 100 is provided with a matching external spline (limiting surface 160). When the functional device 100 is inserted into the traction wheel 200 along the direction of the first axis a, the internal and external splines mesh, forming a rotational limiting fit, ensuring that the rotational motion of the functional device 100 can be directly transmitted to the traction wheel 200 without backlash. This structure has strong torque transmission capability and good centering, making it the preferred transmission interface for electric or high-precision manual endoscope systems.

[0081] For example, the second limiting structure 240 is a regular hexagonal (or regular quadrilateral, regular octagonal) shaft hole set in the center of the traction wheel 200, and the output shaft of the functional device 100 is a matching polygonal shaft; after axial insertion, the polygonal contour surfaces (limiting surfaces 160) fit together to form a circumferential limit, which can transmit a large torque and is not easy to slip; the more sides there are, the closer the contact surface is to a circle, which is more conducive to automatic centering.

[0082] For example, the second limiting structure 240 includes an axial keyway formed in the inner hole of the hub of the traction wheel 200, and a matching flat key (limiting surface 160) is provided on the shaft of the functional device 100; when the shaft is inserted along the first axis a, the flat key is embedded in the keyway to form a rotation limiting fit; this structure is easy to disassemble and assemble and easy to replace worn parts.

[0083] In this embodiment, the transmission between the traction wheel 200 and the functional device 100 requires no intermediate parts, resulting in the shortest power transmission path, high efficiency, and low backlash. The functional device 100 can be axially plugged in and replaced, improving maintainability and expandability. The functional device 100 can connect to various input methods such as motors, knobs, and levers. It can serve as a constantly connected interface, with the positioning element 190 controlling whether free rotation is released. The second limiting structure 240 provides a stable and direct rotation constraint interface between the functional device 100 and the traction wheel 200, ensuring that operation inputs or drive commands can be efficiently converted into precise rotation of the traction wheel 200. Its state switching function works in conjunction with the positioning element 190 to achieve a control logic of insertion for linkage and unlocking for free rotation.

[0084] Reference Figures 3-7 , Figure 9 and Figures 12-16In some embodiments, the functional device 100 is fastened to the traction wheel 200. The fastening structure between the traction wheel 200 and the lever includes fastening arms 110 and fastening portions 210 that are fastened to each other. The fastening arms 110 may be disposed in the insertion portion 130, and the fastening portions 210 may be disposed in the receiving portion 230. At least two sets of fastening arms 110 are provided, and the fastening arms 110 are hollow between each other in the insertion direction of the insertion portion 130, so that the fastening arms 110 retract radially inward during the insertion process. For example, the fastening arms 110 are designed as a thin sheet structure with elastic deformation capability, and their ends are provided with barbs or protrusions for cooperating with grooves or holes on the fastening portions 210. When the fastening arm 110 is inserted into the traction wheel 200, the fastening arm 110 is subjected to pressure from the inner wall of the fastening part 210, and undergoes radial inward elastic deformation; once it reaches the predetermined position, the fastening arm 110 returns to its original shape, and the barb or protrusion is engaged in the corresponding structure of the fastening part 210 to form a stable fastening.

[0085] In this embodiment, stable fastening can prevent the traction wheel 200 from being accidentally locked due to vibration or accidental contact during the operation; if the fastening is not completed, the unlocked state cannot be maintained, preventing accidental operation when the functional device 100 is not fully assembled; after the fastening is completed, the system is operable and the status is intuitive and clear; after the fastening is completed, the fastening arm 110 returns to its deformed state and contacts the fastening part 210, which can provide feedback to the assembler and also provide feedback on the assembly status; by setting the fastening arm 110 with elastic deformation capability, a fast, convenient and reliable connection between the traction wheel 200 and the functional device 100 is achieved, thereby ensuring the reliable limiting of the first limiting structure 170 on the positioning member 190 and ensuring the stability of the unlocked state of the traction wheel 200.

[0086] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, the mounting base 300 has an insert 400, and a fastening arm 110 is located between the fastening portion 210 and the insert 400. The insert 400 abuts against the fastening arm 110 and restricts the fastening arm 110 from deforming away from the fastening portion 210. For example, the insert 400 is located on the side of the mounting base 300 facing the inside of the traction wheel 200. After the lever is inserted into the mounting hole 330 of the mounting base 300 and then the traction wheel 200 is further inserted to achieve insertion and fastening, the assembly process of the traction structure also includes installing the housing on the other side of the mounted base 300 to ensure the integrity of the mounting base 300. When installing the housing on the other side, the insert 400 is simultaneously inserted into the inside of the fastening arm 110 after fastening is completed, so that the fastening arm 110 will not be forced to retract inward during rotational limiting, thereby causing the fastening to disengage.

[0087] In this embodiment, the insert 400 restricts the inward deformation of the latching arm 110, effectively preventing the lever from accidentally separating from the traction wheel 200 due to vibration or reverse tension during use. This ensures that the latch cannot loosen on its own after being latched, preventing the latch from detaching and improving the stability of the latching connection and the stability of the unlocked state of the positioning element 190.

[0088] In some embodiments, under the action of the functional device 100 and the traction wheel 200 fastening, the first limiting structure 170 abuts against the positioning member 190 to restrict the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position. For example, the functional device 100 and the traction wheel 200 are magnetically fastened together by a permanent magnet and a magnetically conductive sheet; under the action of magnetic attraction, the two fit tightly together to complete the assembly; at this time, the first limiting structure 170 (such as a non-magnetic limiting wall) provided on the functional device 100 moves with the body, abuts against the pushing surface of the positioning member 190, forming a mechanical stop to prevent it from moving back to the first position; during disassembly, external force overcomes the magnetic attraction to separate the two, the limiting wall detaches synchronously, and the positioning member 190 automatically resets. This structure has no mechanical wear and no noise.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fastening action of the fastening arm 110 and the fastening part 210 is automatically triggered and can maintain the unlocked state of the positioning member 190 without additional operation; this setting utilizes the fastening action of the functional device 100 and the traction wheel 200 to make the first limiting structure 170 mechanically stop the positioning member 190, so that the traction wheel 200 is unlocked as soon as the functional device 100 is assembled, and can prevent the traction wheel 200 from locking again.

[0090] In some embodiments, at least one of the functional device 100, the traction wheel 200, and the mounting base 300 has an elastic element 120. The first limiting structure 170 abuts against the positioning member 190 under the elastic action of the elastic element 120, thereby restricting the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position. For example, the elastic element 120 is a compression spring disposed in the spring hole of the mounting base 300. When the functional device 100 is assembled, one end of the elastic element 120 abuts against the body of the mounting base 300, and the other end elastically pushes the functional device 100. Under the continuous pushing force of the elastic element 120, the functional device 100 is pressed towards the traction wheel 200, so that its first limiting structure 170 always fits against the pushed surface of the positioning member 190, forming a stable stop and preventing the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position.

[0091] In this embodiment, the elastic element 120 absorbs manufacturing and assembly errors, ensuring that the first limiting structure 170 always fits snugly against the limiting positioning element 190; the continuous clamping force prevents the positioning element 190 from failing due to intraoperative vibration. This structure provides a continuous and controllable preload through the elastic element 120, ensuring that the first limiting structure 170 can stably stop against the positioning element 190 under various working conditions. This not only improves the mechanism's anti-interference capability and long-term reliability but also optimizes the operator's experience through flexible contact.

[0092] In some embodiments, the positioning member 190 is movably disposed between the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 along the first axis a. In the first position, the positioning member 190 simultaneously engages with the traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 for rotational limitation. In the second position, the positioning member 190 only engages with the traction wheel 200 for rotational limitation. The traction wheel 200 has a fastening portion 210, and the functional device 100 has a fastening arm 110 that engages with the fastening portion 210. The fastening arm 110 passes through the mounting base 300 and the traction wheel 200 along the first axis direction and engages with the traction wheel 200 for rotational limitation. The first limiting structure 170 is disposed on the fastening arm 110. For example, as shown... Figures 3-16 As shown, the positioning member 190 is a cylindrical sliding member with a protrusion 191 on its outer periphery. The traction wheel 200 and the mounting base 300 are respectively provided with a first guide structure 250 and a second guide structure 340 that cooperate with the sliding limit of the stop block at corresponding positions. The cylindrical positioning member 190 is sleeved on the fastening arm 110, and the limiting end face 192 of the cylindrical positioning member 190 is in a limiting cooperation with the first limiting structure 170 in the moving direction of the positioning member 190.

[0093] For example, such as Figures 3-16As shown, the traction wheel 200 has a through-hole portion 230 in the direction of the first axis a; the functional device 100, as a lever, has a plug-in portion 130 for plugging into the through-hole portion 230. The fastening arm 110 is located at the distal end of the plug-in portion 130, and the fastening portion 210 is located at the distal end of the through-hole portion 230. The first limiting structure 170 is located at the proximal end of the fastening arm 110. The mounting base 300 has a base 320 that rotates with the traction wheel 200. The second guide structure 340 is located on the inner wall of the base 320, and the first guide structure 250 is located on the inner wall of the socket 230. The positioning member 190 is also embedded in the inner wall of the socket 230. During the process of the insertion part 130 being inserted into the socket 230, when the fastening arm 110 is inserted into the socket 230 to a certain extent, the first limiting structure 170 at the proximal end of the fastening arm 110 contacts the positioning member 190, and then pushes the positioning member 190 to move from the first position to the second position. As soon as the insertion part 130 and the socket part 230 are inserted, the fastening arm 110 is also fastened to the fastening part 210. At the same time, the first limiting structure 170 pushes the positioning member 190 to the second position and locks the positioning member 190 in the second position, so that the functional device 100 (lever) is fastened to the traction wheel 200 while inserting into the traction wheel 200, and the traction wheel 200 is unlocked and unlocked and held.

[0094] like Figure 12 As shown, when the positioning member 190 is in the first position, it passes through the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340 at the same time, forming a rotation limit fit and locking the traction wheel 200.

[0095] When assembling functional device 100, firstly, as Figure 13 As shown, the insertion part 130 is inserted into the base 320 and then into the socket part 230. First, the snap-fit ​​arm 110 passes through the inside of the positioning member 190, and the first limiting structure 170 has not yet contacted the limiting end face 192 of the positioning member 190.

[0096] Then, as Figure 14 As shown, the functional component 100 continues to be assembled. The fastening arm 110 first contacts the proximal end of the fastening portion 210 of the traction wheel 200. The fastening arm 110 is subjected to pressure from the inner wall of the fastening portion 210, resulting in radially inward elastic deformation and inward contraction, as shown. Figure 15 As shown, as the functional device 100 continues to advance, the first limiting structure 170 of the functional device 100 contacts and abuts against the limiting end face 192 of the positioning member 190. As the functional device 100 is further pushed, the positioning member 190 moves from the first position to the second position.

[0097] Alternatively, after the fastening arm 110 of the functional device 100 passes through the inner side of the positioning member 190, the first limiting structure 170 of the functional device 100 first contacts and abuts against the limiting end face 192 of the positioning member 190. As the functional device 100 pushes, the positioning member 190 moves from the first position to the second position. Then the fastening arm 110 contacts the proximal end of the fastening part 210 of the traction wheel 200. The fastening arm 110 is subjected to pressure from the inner wall of the fastening part 210, and undergoes radially inward elastic deformation, retracting inward and passing through the fastening part 210.

[0098] Finally, as Figure 16 As shown, when the functional device 100 completes assembly and the fastening arm 110 returns to its original shape and fastens with the fastening part 210, the first limiting structure 170 also pushes the positioning member 190 to the second position. The positioning member 190 exits the second guide structure 340 of the mounting base 300 and remains only in the first guide structure 250 of the traction wheel 200. At this time, the traction wheel 200 can rotate freely around the first axis a or be driven by the functional device 100 to rotate.

[0099] In this embodiment, by setting the functional device 100 as a specific lever and the positioning member 190 as a cylindrical sliding member between the insertion part 230 of the traction wheel 200 and the base 320 of the mounting seat 300, the traction wheel 200 can be locked by sliding and rotating with the first guide structure 250 and the second guide structure 340 on the first axis a while passing through the insertion part 130 on the inner side. The insertion process of the insertion part 130 and the fastening process of the fastening part 210 are also well coordinated with the movement of the positioning member 190 without interfering with each other. The positioning member 190 can be locked and prevented from retraction through insertion and fastening. The structure is simple, stable, and highly integrated, and is suitable for miniaturized endoscope handles 10.

[0100] In some embodiments, the positioning member 190 is provided with a clearance portion 193, which is recessed along the movement trajectory direction of the fastening arm 110 to provide structural clearance space during the movement of the fastening arm 110. For example, two sets of fastening arms 110 are symmetrically arranged radially along the insertion portion 130. When inserted and touching the proximal end of the fastening portion 210, they retract radially inward along the insertion portion 130, moving closer to each other to pass through the fastening portion 210. The positioning member 190 provides clearance portions 193 corresponding to the positions of the two sets of fastening arms 110 to prevent the fastening arm 110 from contacting the positioning member 190 when passing inside the positioning member 190, causing radial retraction. This allows the arm 110 to exert a certain contact pressure on the positioning member 190 under its own elastic force, preventing the fastening arm 110 from generating friction through contact pressure and causing the positioning member 190 to move unplanned to the second position, thus completing the early unlocking of the assembly process.

[0101] In this embodiment, by providing the avoidance part 193, it can be effectively prevented that when the latching arm 110 passes through the inner side of the positioning member 190, the positioning member 190 will be moved to the second position in advance to achieve unlocking through contact friction with the positioning member 190. This prevents the traction wheel 200 from being unlocked before the functional device 100 is fully assembled, thus preventing the traction wheel 200 from shifting during the assembly process.

[0102] In some embodiments, the surface on which the fastening arm 110 and the fastening part 210 fasten is an inclined surface, which can stop at least a portion of the fastening arm 110 and limit the deformation of the fastening arm 110 in the radial outward direction along the traction wheel 200. For example, the fastening part 210 is an annular inclined structure provided at the end of the inner hole of the traction wheel 200. Its inclination direction is higher in the inside and lower in the outside, that is, the height in the axial direction gradually increases towards the axis, and the height in the axial direction decreases in the radial direction inward of the traction wheel 200. The front end of the fastening arm 110 is provided with a radial elastic claw, and its outer side is a mating surface that matches the inclined surface. When the fastening arm 110 is pushed in along the first axis a, the elastic claw is compressed inward by the inclined surface and contracts (radially inward deformation), and passes smoothly through the narrow area. After being fully inserted, the claw passes over the high point of the inclined surface and rebounds under its own elastic force to lock into the rear limiting groove. At this time, the high end face of the inclined surface continuously abuts against the root of the claw, limiting its radial outward deformation tendency due to load or vibration, and ensuring long-term stability of the fastening state.

[0103] In this embodiment, the radial outward expansion tendency of the fastening arm 110 is resisted in advance by the geometric constraint of the inclined surface; the mating clearance is reduced and the vibration and impact resistance is enhanced. This inclined surface structure not only serves as a guide and triggering mechanism during the fastening process, but also transforms into a continuously acting "radial constraint" after the fastening is completed. Through geometric preloading, it effectively suppresses the outward expansion deformation tendency of the fastening arm 110, thereby improving the connection rigidity and long-term reliability from the root.

[0104] In some embodiments, the latching arm 110, through the contact pressure of its inclined surface, causes the first limiting structure 170 to abut against the positioning member 190, thereby restricting the positioning member 190 from moving to the first position. For example, the latching arm 110 has a mating surface that, in the latched state, contacts the inclined surface of the latching portion 210. The inclined surface can generate a reaction force perpendicular to the inclined surface and outwards. This reaction force can be decomposed into a force along the first axis a in a direction away from the functional device 100 and a force radially outwards along the traction wheel 200. The latter prevents the latching arm 110 from continuing to retract and disengage, while the former can be transmitted to the first limiting structure 170 near the proximal end of the latching arm 110, thereby preventing it from returning to the first position under the influence of gravity or other forces, thus enhancing the stability of the unlocked state of the positioning member 190.

[0105] For example, the outer diameter of the fastening arm 110 in its free state is larger than the inner diameter of the proximal end of the fastening portion 210, but smaller than the outer diameter of the outer ring of the distal inclined surface of the fastening portion 210. When the fastening arm 110 contacts the proximal end of the fastening portion 210, it contracts under the pressure of the proximal end of the fastening portion 210. After the fastening arm 110 passes the fastening portion 210, it recovers its deformation under its own elasticity and expands radially outward to fasten with the fastening portion 210. After assembly, the fastening arm 110 is in its expanded natural shape. When the mating surface of the latching arm 110 cannot fully fit the inclined surface of the latching part 210, the radially outward side of the mating surface of the latching part 210 releases the inclined surface, while gradually moving away from the inclined surface radially inward. At this time, the first limiting structure 170 near the end of the latching arm 110 pushes the positioning member 190 to the second position and then pushes the positioning member 190 beyond the second position by a certain distance, which is approximately equal to the vertical distance between the radially inward side of the mating surface of the latching arm 110 and the inclined surface of the latching part 210. After the assembly is completed and the release function device 100 (i.e., the lever) is released, under its own weight / the weight of the positioning member 190, the latching arm 110 moves a distance away from the latching part 210 in the direction of the first axis a. The latching arm 110 deforms, and the radially inward side of the mating surface of the latching arm 110 moves towards the inclined surface of the latching part 210 until it touches the inclined surface. The elastic state of the latching arm 110 can reserve a certain buffer space for the second position of the positioning member 190 and place the positioning member 190 at the far end of the second position space, so that the positioning member 190 needs to move a distance not less than the length of the buffer space to change from the second position back to the first position, thereby preventing the traction wheel 200 from locking unexpectedly and quickly.

[0106] In this embodiment, the assembly action automatically activates the limit switch without additional operation; if the fastening is not completed, the limit position 190 is locked by default (first position); as long as the fastening exists, the limit pressure continues, and the fastening machine is in a stable unlocked state; this design cleverly utilizes the axial component force generated by the inclined surface contact to transform the assembly action of the fastening arm 110 into a continuous limit pressure on the position 190.

[0107] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, when the functional device 100 functions as a lever, the traction structure further includes a sealing ring 140 disposed between the mounting base 300 and the functional device 100, the sealing ring 140 being disposed around the mounting hole 330. Exemplarily, the sealing ring 140 simultaneously and tightly fits against both the mounting base 300 and the annulus of the elastic member 120, further improving sealing performance.

[0108] In this embodiment, an additional sealing ring 140 is provided to further improve the sealing and waterproof / dustproof level. The sealing ring 140 is usually made of elastic material (such as NBR nitrile rubber, silicone or fluororubber). While achieving the sealing function, it can also have the function of part of the elastic element 120, so that the plug part 130 has elastic force towards the functional device 100 along the first axis a direction. At the same time, it has a certain buffering and vibration reduction effect, which can absorb the small impact during the swinging process of the functional device 100, reduce transmission noise, and improve the smoothness of operation.

[0109] Reference Figures 3-5 In some embodiments, when the functional device 100 functions as a lever, the lever further includes a toggle portion 180. The toggle portion 180 is distributed around the periphery of the mounting base 300, and the relative movement of the toggle portion 180 with respect to the periphery of the mounting base 300 can drive the rotation of the functional device 100 along a shaft parallel to the first axis a. For example, the portion of the mounting base 300 providing the traction structure is approximately cylindrical, the toggle portion 180 is disposed around the periphery of the mounting base 300 and can move circumferentially along the mounting base 300, and the toggle portion 180 is connected to the shaft of the lever via a connecting rod parallel to the radial direction of the mounting base 300.

[0110] In this embodiment, by providing a toggle part 180, the rotation of the toggle part 180 can be used to operate the functional device 100 to drive the traction wheel 200 to rotate. The toggle part 180 amplifies the torque of the lever rotation, making the lever easier to rotate and the rotation more precisely controlling the traction wheel 200, thus improving operability.

[0111] Reference Figure 3 , Figures 9 to 12 In some embodiments, the traction wheel 200 is also provided with an annular groove 220 for passing through and guiding the traction rope. For example, Figure 9 As shown, the cable groove 220 can be provided in two sets, which are used to pass through two sets of traction ropes for controlling the bending tube of the endoscope insertion part 20.

[0112] In this embodiment, the annular groove 220 guides the traction ropes to be arranged in an orderly manner to avoid cross-entanglement; it also limits the radial jump of the traction ropes to ensure stable transmission of traction force.

[0113] Reference Figures 3-5 and Figures 12-16In some embodiments, when the functional device 100 functions as a lever, a first limiting component 150 is also provided, and the mounting base 300 is further provided with a second limiting component 310. The first limiting component 150 cooperates with the second limiting component 310 to limit the maximum rotation angle of the traction wheel 200. For example, the second limiting component 310 is configured as an arc-shaped groove, and the first limiting component 150 is configured as a slider that slides and limits the second limiting component 310. When the slider slides to both ends of the groove, it corresponds to the maximum rotation angle of the traction wheel 200 in the forward and reverse directions, respectively. The maximum rotation angle of the traction wheel 200 will drive the maximum extension and retraction length of the traction rope, corresponding to the maximum bending angle of the distal bending portion of the insertion part 20.

[0114] In this embodiment, the cooperation of the first limiting component 150 and the second limiting component 310 limits the maximum rotation angle of the traction wheel 200, preventing the traction rope from being excessively entangled or broken, and at the same time preventing the distal bending tube of the endoscope insertion part 20 from bending too much. When the limit position is reached during operation, there is a clear blocking sensation, reminding the operator to stop applying force and protecting the safety of the instrument and the patient.

[0115] Reference Figures 1-2 This application also provides a handle, including the traction structure of the first aspect. The handle 10 has the same technical features as the traction mechanism provided in this application and can achieve the same technical effect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0116] Reference Figures 1-2 This application also provides an endoscope, including a traction structure and a handle 10. This endoscope has the same technical features as the traction mechanism and handle 10 provided in this application, and can achieve the same technical effect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0117] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0118] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0119] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traction structure, characterized in that, For use in an endoscope, the endoscope includes a mounting base (300) and a traction wheel (200), the traction wheel (200) being rotatably disposed on the mounting base (300) about a first axis, the traction structure further including: A positioning element (190) is movably disposed on the traction wheel (200) and / or the mounting base (300). The positioning element (190) can move relative to the traction wheel (200) between a first position and a second position. When moved to the first position, the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) are rotated and limited by the positioning element (190). When moved to the second position, the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) are released from the rotational limiting engagement. A functional device (100) is disposed on the mounting base (300) and / or the traction wheel (200). During the assembly of the functional device (100), at least a portion of the positioning member (190) is located on the movement path of the functional device (100), and the functional device (100) can push the positioning member (190) from a first position to a second position. The functional device (100) has a first limiting structure (170) on its movement path that limits and cooperates with the positioning member (190). When the positioning member (190) is in the second position, the first limiting structure (170) limits and cooperates with the positioning member (190) and restricts the positioning member (190) from moving to the first position. The positioning element (190) is movably disposed between the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) along the first axis. In the first position, the positioning element (190) simultaneously engages with the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) for rotational limitation. In the second position, the positioning element (190) only engages with the traction wheel (200) for rotational limitation. The traction wheel (200) has a fastening part (210), and the functional device (100) has a fastening arm (110) that fastens to the fastening part (210). The fastening arm (110) passes through the mounting base (300) and the traction wheel (200) along the first axis direction and is in rotational limiting cooperation with the traction wheel (200). The first limiting structure (170) is provided on the fastening arm (110).

2. The traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the positioning element (190) is in the second position, the positioning element (190) can be engaged with at least one of the mounting base (300), the traction wheel (200) and the functional device (100) to limit the movement of the positioning element (190) in the movement path of the positioning element (190) to restrict the positioning element (190) from moving to the first position.

3. The traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) is provided with a guide structure, the positioning member (190) is slidably engaged with the guide structure, and the positioning member (190) can move along the guide structure between the first position and the second position.

4. The traction structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The functional device (100) is rotatably engaged with the mounting base (300), and the functional device (100) can rotate about a first axis relative to the mounting base (300); the functional device (100) is rotatably limited to the traction wheel (200), and the functional device (100) can drive the traction wheel (200) to rotate. And / or, the positioning element (190) is simultaneously rotated and limited in cooperation with the functional device (100) and the traction wheel (200), and the functional device (100) is rotated and limited in cooperation with the traction wheel (200) through the positioning element (190); And / or, the traction wheel (200) is provided with a second limiting structure (240) that cooperates with the functional device (100) in a rotational limiting manner in the first axial direction.

5. The traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional device (100) is fastened to the traction wheel (200). Under the action of the fastening, the first limiting structure (170) abuts against the positioning member (190) to restrict the positioning member (190) from moving to the first position. And / or, at least one of the functional device (100), the traction wheel (200) and the mounting base (300) has an elastic element (120), and the first limiting structure (170) abuts against the positioning element (190) under the elastic action of the elastic element (120) to restrict the positioning element (190) from moving to the first position.

6. The traction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning member (190) is provided with a clearance part (193), which is recessed along the movement trajectory of the fastening arm (110) to provide structural clearance space during the movement of the fastening arm (110); And / or, the surface on which the fastening arm (110) fastens to the fastening part (210) is an inclined surface, which can stop at least a portion of the fastening arm (110) and limit the deformation of the fastening arm (110) in the radial outward direction along the traction wheel (200); The latching arm (110) uses the contact pressure of the inclined surface to cause the first limiting structure (170) to abut against the positioning member (190), thereby restricting the positioning member (190) from moving to the first position.

7. A handle, characterized in that, Includes the traction structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. An endoscope, characterized in that, Includes the handle as described in claim 7.

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