Orthopedic abrasive drill with adjustable rotating speed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, discloses an orthopedic abrasive drill with an adjustable rotating speed, and solves the technical problem that the speed of an orthopedic abrasive drill in the prior art cannot be adjusted. The orthopedic abrasive drill with the adjustable rotating speed comprises a handle. One end of the cutter bar is rotationally mounted in the handle; the speed regulating mechanism is arranged between the handle and the cutter bar and is used for regulating the rotating speed of the cutter bar; the grinding head is arranged at the end, away from the handle, of the cutter bar. Therefore, due to the arrangement of the speed regulating mechanism, the rotating speed of the cutter bar can be conveniently regulated, and medical personnel are prevented from frequently replacing instruments in the operation process, so that the operation difficulty of the medical personnel is reduced, and the operation time is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to an orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed. Background Technology

[0002] In surgical procedures, drills are frequently used to grind bone at the surgical site. Different drill speeds and torques are required for different tissue areas (such as dense bone, cartilage, or soft tissue). For example, high-speed drills, with their high gear ratio and low torque, are used for delicate procedures in otolaryngology or neurosurgery, achieving precise cuts and reducing tissue tearing through high speeds of tens of thousands of RPM. Low-speed drills, on the other hand, have a low gear ratio, which increases torque to prevent the drill bit from getting stuck when grinding dense bone tissue.

[0003] Current orthopedic drills are all motor-driven and have a single function, typically categorized into different types such as speed-increasing, speed-decelerating, or direct motor-driven. During a single surgery, medical staff often need to prepare multiple drills with different functions and frequently change instruments during the procedure. This not only increases the difficulty of the operation and the surgical time but also increases the financial burden on patients due to the consumption of various consumables. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art by providing an orthopedic drill with adjustable speed, thereby solving the technical problem that existing orthopedic drills cannot adjust speed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed, comprising: handle; The tool holder is rotatably mounted inside the handle at one end; A speed regulating mechanism is installed between the handle and the tool holder, and the speed regulating mechanism is used to adjust the rotational speed of the tool holder; The grinding head is located at the end of the tool holder away from the handle.

[0006] Furthermore, the speed regulating mechanism includes: The first support member is fixedly installed inside the handle; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the first support member, and the axis of the drive shaft is arranged along a first direction; A drive wheel is connected to the drive shaft, and one end of the drive shaft has a first flat pin; A first driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the first support member, and one end of the first driven shaft has a second flat pin. The axis of the first driven shaft and the axis of the driving shaft are arranged parallel to each other. The first driven wheel is connected to the first driven shaft and meshes with the driving wheel; A slider is slidably mounted inside the handle along the first direction; An elastic element is installed inside the handle and located between the first support and the slider; The second driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the slider, and a second slot adapted to the second flat pin is provided at the end of the second driven shaft near the first driven shaft. A third flat pin is provided at the end of the second driven shaft away from the first driven shaft. The axis of the second driven shaft and the axis of the first driven shaft are on the same straight line. A third driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the slider, and a first slot adapted to the first flat pin is provided at the end of the third driven shaft near the driving shaft. A fourth flat pin is provided at the end of the third driven shaft away from the driving shaft. The axis of the third driven shaft and the axis of the driving shaft are on the same straight line. The second support member has one end fixedly installed inside the handle, and the other end extends along the first direction and protrudes from the handle; A fourth driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the second support member, and a third slot adapted to the third flat pin is provided at one end of the fourth driven shaft near the second driven shaft. The axis of the fourth driven shaft and the axis of the second driven shaft are on the same straight line. The second driven wheel is connected to the fourth driven shaft; The fifth driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the second support member, and a fourth slot adapted to the fourth flat pin is provided at the end of the fifth driven shaft near the third driven shaft. The end of the fifth driven shaft away from the third driven shaft is connected to the tool bar. The axis of the fifth driven shaft and the axis of the third driven shaft are on the same straight line. The third driven wheel is connected to the fifth driven shaft and meshes with the second driven wheel; The number of teeth on the driving wheel is greater than the number of teeth on the second driven wheel, the number of teeth on the third driven wheel is the same as the number of teeth on the second driven wheel, and the number of teeth on the first driven wheel is less than the number of teeth on the second driven wheel.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes: An adjusting block has an opening at one end, and the inner sidewall of the adjusting block is provided with an internal thread. The end of the second support member extending out of the handle is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread. The adjusting block is screwed onto the second support member. One end of the adjusting block is provided with a through hole, and one end of the tool bar is connected to the fifth driven shaft through the through hole. The adjusting rod has a circular groove adapted to the adjusting rod at one end of the slider near the second support member. The second support member has a relief hole adapted to the adjusting rod. The axis of the circular groove and the axis of the relief hole are on the same straight line. The adjusting rod can be slidably installed in the relief hole along the first direction, and one end of the adjusting rod is rotatably inserted into the circular groove. The other end of the adjusting rod abuts against the inner bottom wall of the adjusting block.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a steel ball. The outer wall of the slider is provided with a spherical groove that is adapted to the steel ball. The steel ball is rotatably installed in the spherical groove, and one end of the steel ball extends out of the spherical groove and is in contact with the inner wall of the handle.

[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple steel balls, which are evenly distributed on the outer side wall of the slider.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple steel balls are evenly arranged outside the slider along the axial direction of the slider. Multiple steel balls located on the same generatrix form a group of steel balls. There are multiple groups of steel balls, and the multiple groups of steel balls are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the slider.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive shaft is connected to an external motor via a coupling.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic element is a compression spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the handle includes: Sleeve; The sleeve is positioned at the end of the sleeve furthest from the tool holder; A water-cooled jacket is disposed inside the sleeve. The side wall of the water-cooled jacket has a water inlet and a water-cooling channel. The speed regulating mechanism is located inside the water-cooled jacket.

[0014] Furthermore, the water-cooling channel is spirally wound between the water-cooling jacket and the sleeve.

[0015] The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The speed control mechanism facilitates adjustment of the scalpel's rotation speed, avoiding frequent instrument changes by medical staff during operation, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation and shortening the operation time; 2. By setting up a water cooling channel, not only can the speed regulation mechanism and grinding head be effectively cooled during long-term or high-load operation, but also the cooling water, after entering the tool holder, flows along the tool holder to the end and finally flows out from the water outlet near the grinding head, directly cooling the grinding area and preventing thermal damage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Cross-section of an orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Cross-section of an orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of region A in the image.

[0017] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 1-Handle, 101-Sleeve, 102-Sleeve pressing, 103-Water cooling sleeve, 1031-Water cooling channel, 2-Tool holder, 3-Speed ​​regulating mechanism, 301-First support member, 302-Drive shaft, 3021-First flat pin, 303-Drive wheel, 304-First driven shaft, 3041-Second flat pin, 305-First driven wheel, 306-Slider, 307-Elastic member, 308-Second driven shaft, 3 081-Second slot, 3082-Third flat pin, 309-Third driven shaft, 3091-First slot, 3092-Fourth flat pin, 310-Second support, 311-Fourth driven shaft, 3111-Third slot, 312-Second driven wheel, 313-Fifth driven shaft, 3131-Fourth slot, 314-Third driven wheel, 4-Grinding head, 5-Adjusting block, 6-Adjusting rod, 7-Steel ball. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes are obvious as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0019] This embodiment provides an adjustable-speed orthopedic drill to solve the technical problem of existing orthopedic drills being unable to adjust their speed. The adjustable-speed orthopedic drill includes a handle 1, a tool holder 2, a speed adjustment mechanism 3, and a grinding head 4, wherein: refer to Figure 1 The handle 1 is the main body held by the operator, and its interior contains the core transmission and control mechanism.

[0020] One end of the tool holder 2 is rotatably mounted inside the handle 1. The tool holder 2 includes an inner tool holder 2, which is rotatably mounted inside the handle 1.

[0021] The speed adjustment mechanism 3 is installed between the handle 1 and the scalpel 2. The speed adjustment mechanism 3 is used to adjust the rotation speed of the scalpel 2. In this way, the speed adjustment mechanism 3 makes it easy to adjust the rotation speed of the scalpel 2, avoiding the need for medical staff to frequently change instruments during operation, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation for medical staff and shortening the operation time.

[0022] The grinding head 4 is located at the end of the tool holder 2 away from the handle 1. The grinding head 4 is the working end of the orthopedic grinding drill with adjustable speed provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0023] refer to Figures 2-3 The speed regulating mechanism 3 includes a first support member 301, a drive shaft 302, a drive wheel 303, a first driven shaft 304, a first driven wheel 305, a slider 306, an elastic member 307, a second driven shaft 308, a third driven shaft 309, a second support member 310, a fourth driven shaft 311, a second driven wheel 312, a fifth driven shaft 313, and a third driven wheel 314, wherein: The first support member 301 is fixedly installed inside the handle 1, and the first support member 301 is coaxially arranged with the handle 1. The first support member 301 is a short cylinder, and the outer diameter of the first support member 301 is equal to the inner diameter of the handle 1.

[0024] The drive shaft 302 is rotatably mounted on the first support member 301, and one end of the drive shaft 302 has a first flat pin 3021. The axis of the drive shaft 302 is set along a first direction, specifically, the axis direction of the handle 1. The drive shaft 302 and the first support member 301 are coaxially arranged.

[0025] The drive wheel 303 is connected to the drive shaft 302. Optionally, the drive wheel 303 is connected to the drive shaft 302 by a flat key. In this way, when the drive shaft 302 rotates, it will drive the drive wheel 303 to rotate synchronously.

[0026] The first driven shaft 304 is rotatably mounted on the first support member 301, and one end of the first driven shaft 304 has a second flat pin 3041. The axis of the first driven shaft 304 is parallel to the axis of the drive shaft 302. Optionally, the length of the first flat pin 3021 in the first direction is less than the length of the second flat pin 3041 in the first direction.

[0027] The first driven wheel 305 is connected to the first driven shaft 304 and meshes with the driving wheel 303. Thus, through gear meshing, when the driving wheel 303 rotates, it drives the first driven wheel 305 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the first driven shaft 304 and the second flat pin 3041 on the first driven shaft 304 to rotate together.

[0028] The slider 306 can be slidably installed in the handle 1 in the first direction, that is, the slider 306 can perform linear reciprocating motion in the handle 1 along the axis of the handle 1. Optionally, the outer diameter of the slider 306 is equal to the inner diameter of the handle 1.

[0029] The elastic element 307 is installed inside the handle 1 and located between the first support 301 and the slider 306. In this way, the slider 306 can easily return to its original position by means of the elastic element 307.

[0030] The second driven shaft 308 is rotatably mounted on the slider 306, and a second slot 3081 adapted to the second flat pin 304 is provided at the end of the second driven shaft 308 near the first driven shaft 304. In this way, when the second driven shaft 308 moves with the slider 306 toward the direction of the drive shaft 302, the second flat pin 3041 on the first driven shaft 304 will be inserted into the second slot 3081, so that the rotating first driven shaft 304 can drive the second driven shaft 308 to rotate together. The end of the second driven shaft 308 away from the first driven shaft 304 has a third flat pin 3082. When the second driven shaft 308 rotates, it will drive the third flat pin 3082 to rotate synchronously. The axis of the second driven shaft 308 and the axis of the first driven shaft 304 are on the same straight line, which makes it easy for the second flat pin 3041 to be inserted into the second slot 3081.

[0031] The third driven shaft 309 is rotatably mounted on the slider 306, and a first slot 3091 adapted to the first flat pin 3021 is provided at the end of the third driven shaft 309 near the drive shaft 302. In this way, when the third driven shaft 309 moves with the slider 306 toward the drive shaft 302, the first flat pin 3021 on the drive shaft 302 will be inserted into the first slot 3091, so that the drive shaft 302 can rotate and drive the third driven shaft 309 to rotate together. The end of the third driven shaft 309 away from the drive shaft 302 has a fourth flat pin 3092. Optionally, the length of the third flat pin 3082 in the first direction is less than the length of the fourth flat pin 3092 in the first direction. When the third driven shaft 309 rotates, it will drive the fourth flat pin 3092 to rotate synchronously. The axis of the third driven shaft 309 and the axis of the drive shaft 302 are on the same straight line, which makes it easy for the first flat pin 3021 to be inserted into the first slot 3091. Optionally, the opening of the first slot 3091 is chamfered, and the end of the first flat pin 3021 near the first slot 3091 is rounded, which makes it easier for the second flat pin 3041 to be inserted into the second slot 3081.

[0032] One end of the second support member 310 is fixedly installed inside the handle 1, and the other end extends along the first direction and protrudes from the handle 1. The outer diameter of the end of the second support member 310 located inside the handle 1 is equal to the inner diameter of the handle 1.

[0033] The fourth driven shaft 311 is rotatably mounted on the second support member 310, and a third slot 3111 adapted to the third flat pin 308 is provided at the end of the fourth driven shaft 311 near the second driven shaft 308. Thus, when the second driven shaft 308 moves with the slider 306 towards the fourth driven shaft 311, the third flat pin 3082 on the second driven shaft 308 will insert into the third slot 3111, facilitating the rotation of the second driven shaft 308 and driving the fourth driven shaft 311 to rotate synchronously. The axis of the fourth driven shaft 311 and the axis of the second driven shaft 308 are on the same straight line, making it easier for the third flat pin 3082 to insert into the third slot 3111. Optionally, the opening of the third slot 3111 is chamfered, and the end of the third flat pin 3082 near the third slot 3111 is rounded, further facilitating the insertion of the third flat pin 3082 into the third slot 3111.

[0034] The second driven wheel 312 is connected to the third driven shaft 309. Optionally, the second driven wheel 312 can be connected to the shaft of the third driven shaft 309 by a flat key.

[0035] The fifth driven shaft 313 is rotatably mounted on the second support member 310, and a fourth slot 3131 adapted to the fourth flat pin 309 is provided at the end of the fifth driven shaft 313 near the third driven shaft 309. In this way, when the third driven shaft 309 moves with the slider 306 toward the direction of the fifth driven shaft 313, the fourth flat pin 3092 on the third driven shaft 309 will be inserted into the fourth slot 3131, so that the rotating third driven shaft 309 can drive the fifth driven shaft 313 to rotate synchronously. The end of the fifth driven shaft 313 away from the third driven shaft 309 is connected to the tool bar 2. When the fifth driven shaft 313 rotates, it drives the tool bar 2 to rotate synchronously. The axis of the fifth driven shaft 313 and the axis of the third driven shaft 309 are on the same straight line, which makes it easier for the fourth flat pin 3092 to be inserted into the fourth slot 3131.

[0036] The third driven wheel 314 is connected to the fifth driven shaft 313 and meshes with the second driven wheel 312. In this way, when either the second driven wheel 312 or the third driven wheel 314 rotates, it can drive the other driven wheel to rotate at the same time.

[0037] The number of teeth on the driving gear 303 is greater than the number of teeth on the second driven gear 312, the number of teeth on the third driven gear 314 is the same as the number of teeth on the second driven gear 312, and the number of teeth on the first driven gear 305 is less than the number of teeth on the second driven gear 312. In this way, by setting gears with different numbers of teeth, the purpose of adjusting the rotational speed can be achieved.

[0038] Optionally, the system also includes six bearings: a first bearing, a second bearing, a third bearing, a fourth bearing, a fifth bearing, and a sixth bearing. The first bearing is installed between the drive shaft 302 and the first support member 301; the second bearing is installed between the first driven shaft 304 and the first support member 301; the third bearing is installed between the second driven shaft 308 and the slider 306; the fourth bearing is installed between the third driven shaft 309 and the slider 306; the fifth bearing is installed between the fourth driven shaft 311 and the second support member 310; and the sixth bearing is installed between the fifth driven shaft 313 and the second support member 310. This arrangement of bearings facilitates the rotation of the drive shaft 302, the first driven shaft 304, the second driven shaft 308, the third driven shaft 309, the fourth driven shaft 311, and the fifth driven shaft 313.

[0039] refer to Figure 2 When proportional transmission is required, the drive slider 306 moves towards the direction of the drive shaft 302, thereby causing the second driven shaft 308 and the third driven shaft 309 mounted on the slider 306 to move together towards the direction of the drive shaft 302. This causes the third flat pin 3082 on the second driven shaft 308 to separate from the third slot 3111 on the fourth driven shaft 311. Because the length of the fourth flat pin 3092 is greater than the length of the third flat pin 3082, the fourth flat pin 3092 on the third driven shaft 309 does not completely retract from the fourth slot 3131 on the fifth driven shaft 313. That is, the third driven shaft... Shaft 309 and the fifth driven shaft 313 are still connected. At the same time, the first flat pin 3021 on the drive shaft 302 is inserted into the first slot 3091 on the third driven shaft 309, and the second flat pin 3041 on the first driven shaft 304 is inserted into the second slot 3081 on the second driven shaft 308. In this way, the drive shaft 302 rotates, which drives the third driven shaft 309 connected to it to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the fifth driven shaft 313 connected to the third driven shaft 309 to rotate together, and then driving the tool bar 2 mounted on the fifth driven shaft 313 to rotate together, so as to achieve a proportional transmission of rotational speed.

[0040] refer to Figure 3When a speed-increasing transmission is required, the drive slider 306 moves away from the drive shaft 302, thereby causing the second driven shaft 308 and the third driven shaft 309 mounted on the slider 306 to move away from the drive shaft 302 together. This causes the first flat pin 3021 on the drive shaft 302 to separate from the first slot 3091 on the third driven shaft 309. Because the length of the second flat pin 3041 is greater than the length of the first flat pin 3021, the second flat pin 3041 on the first driven shaft 304 is not completely withdrawn from the second slot 3081 on the second driven shaft 308. That is, the first driven shaft 304 and the second driven shaft 308 are still connected. At the same time, the third flat pin 3082 on the second driven shaft 308 is inserted into the third slot 3111 on the fourth driven shaft 311. In this way, the drive shaft 302 rotates, causing the drive wheel 303 connected to it to rotate together, so that the drive wheel 303... The meshing driven wheels rotate together, causing the first driven shaft 304 connected to the driven wheels to rotate together. Since the first driven shaft 304 is connected to the second driven shaft 308, it drives the second driven shaft 308 to rotate together. The second driven shaft 308 is connected to the fourth driven shaft 311, driving the fourth driven shaft 311 to rotate together. This causes the second driven wheel 312 connected to the fourth driven shaft 311 to rotate together, causing the third driven wheel 314 meshing with the second driven wheel 312 to rotate together. This drives the fifth driven shaft 313 connected to the third driven wheel 314 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the tool holder 2 mounted on the fifth driven shaft 313 to rotate together. Since the number of teeth of the driving wheel 303 is greater than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel 312, the number of teeth of the third driven wheel 314 is equal to the number of teeth of the second driven wheel 312, and the number of teeth of the first driven wheel 305 is less than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel 312, speed-increasing transmission is achieved.

[0041] It also includes adjusting block 5 and adjusting rod 6, wherein: One end of the adjusting block 5 has an opening, and the inner side wall of the adjusting block 5 is provided with an internal thread. The end of the second support member 310 that extends out of the handle 1 is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread. The adjusting block 5 is screwed onto the second support member 310. One end of the adjusting block 5 is provided with a through hole, and one end of the tool bar 2 is connected to the fifth driven shaft 313 through the through hole. In this way, the distance between the adjusting block 5 and the second support member 310 can be easily adjusted by screwing the adjusting block 5.

[0042] The slider 306 has a circular groove at one end near the second support member 310 that is adapted to the adjusting rod 6. The second support member 310 has a relief hole adapted to the adjusting rod 6. The axis of the circular groove and the axis of the relief hole are on the same straight line. The adjusting rod 6 can be slidably installed in the relief hole along the first direction, and one end of the adjusting rod 6 is rotatably inserted into the circular groove, while the other end of the adjusting rod 6 abuts against the inner bottom wall of the adjusting block 5.

[0043] With the above structure, when the position of slider 306 needs to be adjusted, the adjusting block 5 is turned, causing it to move closer to the second support member 310. Simultaneously, the adjusting rod 6 is pushed to move closer to the first support member 301, and slider 306 is driven to move closer to the first support member 301. Slider 306 then presses against elastic member 307. Then, the adjusting block 5 is turned in the opposite direction, causing it to move away from the second support member 310. The force pushing the adjusting rod 6 decreases, that is, the force pressing against elastic member 307 decreases. Elastic member 307 returns to its original position, and slider 306 is driven to move away from the first support member 301.

[0044] refer to Figure 4 It also includes a steel ball 7. The outer wall of the slider 306 is provided with a spherical groove that is adapted to the steel ball 7. The steel ball 7 is rotatably installed in the spherical groove, and one end of the steel ball 7 extends out of the spherical groove and is in contact with the inner wall of the handle 1. In this way, by setting the steel ball 7, the friction between the slider 306 and the inner wall of the handle 1 is reduced, which makes it easier for the adjusting rod 6 and the elastic element 307 to drive the slider 306 to slide in the handle 1.

[0045] Optionally, multiple steel balls 7 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the slider 306. This arrangement of multiple steel balls 7 further reduces the friction between the slider 306 and the inner wall of the handle 1, making it easier for the adjusting rod 6 and the elastic element 307 to drive the slider 306 to slide within the handle 1.

[0046] Optionally, multiple steel balls 7 are evenly arranged outside the slider 306 along the axial direction of the slider 306. Multiple steel balls located on the same generatrix form a group of steel balls. There are multiple groups of steel balls, and the multiple groups of steel balls are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the slider 306. In this way, the orderly distribution of steel balls 7 makes the slider 306 more uniformly stressed when sliding, and avoids the slider 306 being stuck due to uneven stress.

[0047] The drive shaft 302 is connected to an external motor via a coupling, so that the external motor can drive the drive shaft 302 to rotate, providing stable rotational power.

[0048] Optionally, the elastic element 307 is a compression spring, which has a simple structure and low cost.

[0049] Handle 1 includes a sleeve 101, a compression sleeve 102, and a water-cooling sleeve 103, wherein: Sleeve 101 is a rotating structure.

[0050] The sleeve 102 is located at the end of the sleeve 101 away from the tool holder 2.

[0051] The water-cooling jacket 103 is installed inside the sleeve 101. The side wall of the water-cooling jacket 103 has a water inlet and a water-cooling channel 1031. The speed regulating mechanism 3 is located inside the water-cooling jacket 103. In this way, the water-cooling jacket 103 facilitates the effective cooling of the speed regulating mechanism 3 and the grinding head 4 during long-term or high-load operation. At the same time, after entering the tool holder 2, the cooling water flows along the tool holder 2 to the end and finally flows out from the water outlet near the grinding head 4, directly cooling the grinding area and preventing thermal damage.

[0052] Optionally, the water-cooling channel 1031 is spirally arranged between the water-cooling jacket 103 and the sleeve 101. The spiral water-cooling channel 1031 can provide more uniform coverage of the entire heating surface and will not have obvious weak cooling areas.

[0053] Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Various modifications and variations that can be made by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort within the scope described in the claims still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. An orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed, characterized in that, include: Handle (1); The tool holder (2) is rotatably mounted in the handle (1) at one end; A speed regulating mechanism (3) is installed between the handle (1) and the tool bar (2), and the speed regulating mechanism (3) is used to adjust the rotational speed of the tool bar (2); The grinding head (4) is located at the end of the tool holder (2) away from the handle (1).

2. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed regulating mechanism (3) includes: The first support member (301) is fixedly installed inside the handle (1); A drive shaft (302) is rotatably mounted on the first support member (301), and one end of the drive shaft (302) has a first flat pin (3021), and the axis of the drive shaft (302) is arranged along a first direction; A drive wheel (303) is connected to the drive shaft (302); A first driven shaft (304) is rotatably mounted on the first support member (301), and one end of the first driven shaft (304) has a second flat pin (3041). The axis of the first driven shaft (304) is parallel to the axis of the driving shaft (302). The first driven wheel (305) is connected to the first driven shaft (304) and meshes with the driving wheel (303); The slider (306) is slidably mounted in the handle (1) along the first direction; An elastic element (307) is installed inside the handle (1) and located between the first support (301) and the slider (306); The second driven shaft (308) is rotatably mounted on the slider (306), and the second driven shaft (308) has a second slot (3081) adapted to the second flat pin (3041) at one end near the first driven shaft (304), and a third flat pin (3082) at one end away from the first driven shaft (304). The axis of the second driven shaft (308) and the axis of the first driven shaft (304) are on the same straight line. A third driven shaft (309) is rotatably mounted on the slider (306), and the third driven shaft (309) has a first slot (3091) adapted to the first flat pin (3021) at one end near the driving shaft (302), and a fourth flat pin (3092) at the other end away from the driving shaft (302). The axis of the third driven shaft (309) and the axis of the driving shaft (302) are on the same straight line. The second support member (310) has one end fixedly installed inside the handle (1) and the other end extends along the first direction and protrudes from the handle (1); The fourth driven shaft (311) is rotatably mounted on the second support member (310), and the end of the fourth driven shaft (311) near the second driven shaft (308) is provided with a third slot (3111) that is adapted to the third flat pin (3082). The axis of the fourth driven shaft (311) and the axis of the second driven shaft (308) are on the same straight line. The second driven wheel (312) is connected to the fourth driven shaft (311); The fifth driven shaft (313) is rotatably mounted on the second support member (310), and the end of the fifth driven shaft (313) near the third driven shaft (309) is provided with a fourth slot (3131) that is adapted to the fourth flat pin (3092). The end of the fifth driven shaft (313) away from the third driven shaft (309) is connected to the tool bar (2). The axis of the fifth driven shaft (313) and the axis of the third driven shaft (309) are on the same straight line. The third driven wheel (314) is connected to the fifth driven shaft (313) and meshes with the second driven wheel (312); The number of teeth of the driving wheel (303) is greater than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel (312), the number of teeth of the third driven wheel (314) is the same as the number of teeth of the second driven wheel (312), and the number of teeth of the first driven wheel (305) is less than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel (312).

3. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The adjusting block (5) has an opening at one end. The inner sidewall of the adjusting block (5) is provided with an internal thread. The end of the second support member (310) extending out of the handle (1) is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread. The adjusting block (5) is screwed onto the second support member (310). One end of the adjusting block (5) is provided with a through hole. One end of the tool bar (2) is connected to the fifth driven shaft (313) through the through hole. The adjusting rod (6) has a circular groove adapted to the adjusting rod (6) at one end of the slider (306) near the second support member (310). The second support member (310) has a relief hole adapted to the adjusting rod (6). The axis of the circular groove and the axis of the relief hole are on the same straight line. The adjusting rod (6) can be slidably installed in the relief hole along the first direction. One end of the adjusting rod (6) is rotatably inserted into the circular groove, and the other end of the adjusting rod (6) abuts against the inner bottom wall of the adjusting block (5).

4. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a steel ball (7), and the outer side wall of the slider (306) is provided with a spherical groove adapted to the steel ball (7). The steel ball (7) is rotatably installed in the spherical groove, and one end of the steel ball (7) extends out of the spherical groove and is in contact with the inner side wall of the handle (1).

5. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of steel balls (7) is multiple, and the multiple steel balls (7) are evenly distributed on the outer side wall of the slider (306).

6. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple steel balls (7) are uniformly arranged outside the slider (306) along the axial direction of the slider (306). Multiple steel balls located on the same generatrix form a group of steel balls. There are multiple groups of steel balls, and the multiple groups of steel balls are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the slider (306).

7. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive shaft (302) is connected to an external motor via a coupling.

8. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic element (307) is a compression spring.

9. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The handle (1) includes: Sleeve (101); A sleeve pressing (102) is provided at one end of the sleeve (101) away from the tool holder (2); A water-cooled jacket (103) is disposed inside the sleeve (101). The side wall of the water-cooled jacket (103) has a water inlet and a water-cooling channel (1031). The speed regulating mechanism (3) is located inside the water-cooled jacket (103).

10. The orthopedic drill with adjustable rotation speed according to claim 9, characterized in that, The water-cooling channel (1031) is spirally wound between the water-cooling jacket (103) and the sleeve (101).

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